CN113671532B - Self-adaptive multichannel wind lidar system - Google Patents
Self-adaptive multichannel wind lidar system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113671532B CN113671532B CN202110913297.0A CN202110913297A CN113671532B CN 113671532 B CN113671532 B CN 113671532B CN 202110913297 A CN202110913297 A CN 202110913297A CN 113671532 B CN113671532 B CN 113671532B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/4802—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-adaptive multichannel wind-measuring laser radar system, which comprises a tunable semiconductor laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an EYDFA amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, a DWDM wavelength division multiplexer, a photoelectric detector, a signal processing module and a gesture sensing module, wherein the tunable semiconductor laser is arranged on the tunable semiconductor laser; the tunable semiconductor laser outputs continuous signals and sends the continuous signals to the acousto-optic modulator; the acousto-optic modulator is used for carrying out optical pulse modulation processing and then transmitting the optical pulse modulation processing to the EYDF amplifier, and a signal enters through a port 1 of the optical fiber circulator and enters a DWDM wavelength division multiplexer through a port 2; the DWDM wavelength division multiplexer sends out echo signals to the photoelectric detector from the port 2 of the optical fiber circulator, the echo signals are sent out from the port 3 of the optical fiber circulator, the signals are then sent to the signal processing module, and the gesture sensing module is used for outputting signals of final motion state change. The system can combine real-time wind conditions and gesture sensing, automatically adjust channel switching speed, thereby maximally utilizing system resources and realizing high-precision wind measurement according to requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser radars, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive multichannel wind lidar system.
Background
Atmospheric wind field information is an important parameter of the atmosphere and plays an important role in the fields of civil aviation, weather and wind power. Wind field detection is beneficial to research on weather events, climate changes and environmental problems. The wind-measuring laser radar mainly uses an aerosol backward scattering signal and local oscillation light of the radar as beat frequency through Doppler effect to acquire Doppler frequency shift of the scattering signal, so that wind speed information is obtained.
The inversion three-dimensional wind field needs radial wind speed measurement values in at least three directions, and the laser radar realizes measurement in a plurality of directions through beam scanning. For flat terrain, wind fields are uniformly distributed, and low-speed scanning is beneficial to pulse accumulation and improves detection range; for complex terrain, however, the wind field changes rapidly, and in order to achieve instantaneous gust and turbulence measurements, it is desirable that the beam scan speed be as fast as possible. In addition, when the radar is applied to a mobile platform, such as a vehicle-mounted or buoy body, the change of the gesture also puts a requirement on dynamic change of the scanning speed of the light beam.
There are two types of beam scanning methods of the existing laser radar system: optical switch switching mode and mechanical scanning mode.
The optical switch switching modes can be divided into two types: 1. magneto-optical switch, 2.Mems switch. The magneto-optical switch has high requirements on environment, and the MEMS switch has complicated control and low reliability.
The mechanical scanning mode has the problems of large volume, complicated installation, low reliability and the like, and a controller is required to be independently additionally arranged.
Both of the above methods cannot meet the requirement of adaptively switching scan rates. According to the influence of various complex terrains or motion state factors of objects in the use environment, the radar detection is required to change the detection rate at any time, and the three optical switches cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a self-adaptive multichannel wind lidar system, which specifically comprises
The system comprises a tunable semiconductor laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an EYDF amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, a DWDM wavelength division multiplexer, a photoelectric detector, a signal processing module and a gesture sensing module; the tunable semiconductor laser outputs continuous signals and sends the continuous signals to the acousto-optic modulator; the acousto-optic modulator is used for carrying out optical pulse modulation processing and transmitting signals to the EYDFA amplifier; the EYDFA amplifier is used for amplifying light energy of signals and transmitting the signals to the optical fiber circulator, the optical fiber circulator is of a multi-port structure, and the signals of the EYDFA amplifier enter through a port 1 of the optical fiber circulator and exit from a port 2 of the optical fiber circulator to enter a DWDM wavelength division multiplexer; the DWDM wavelength division multiplexer sends out echo signals which enter from the port 2 of the optical fiber circulator and exit from the port 3 and are transmitted to the photoelectric detector; the photoelectric detector is used for performing beat frequency processing on the echo signal and the local oscillation light of the tunable semiconductor laser, transmitting the processed signals to the signal processing module for processing, and the gesture sensing module is used for outputting signals of motion state change of a final object.
As an improvement, the wind parameter reconstruction module is also included; the wind parameter reconstruction module is used for outputting various parameters of wind and is loaded in the signal processing module.
The device is characterized by further comprising a frequency changer, wherein the frequency changer is used for obtaining a rate parameter to be adjusted under a turbulent flow or instantaneous gust state through data processing of the signal processing module, and carrying out information interaction with the tunable semiconductor laser and the gesture sensing module.
As an improvement, the tunable semiconductor laser comprises two sets of sampled gratings, a gain region and a phase region spaced apart, wherein the gain region and the phase region are disposed between the two sets of sampled light.
As an improvement, the acousto-optic modulator is provided with at least one group, including an acousto-optic device, an optical fiber coupling system and a driver, and is used for modulating the driving electric signal according to different extinction ratios, so that the on-off control of the optical signal can be realized.
As an improvement, the wind parameter reconstruction module is used for outputting wind state parameters including, but not limited to, wind direction, wind speed and turbulence, wherein radial wind speed is expressed as
As an improvement, when two-channel anemometry scanning is performed, wind vectors are set
According to the geometric relationship:
the wind speed and the wind direction of the light beam plane are respectively as follows:
turbulence is:
wherein T is the length of the time sliding window,
is the average value of radial wind speed in the T moment, los=1, 2 is the beam number, and Sigma T To sum the T-time data.
As an improvement, the frequency changer sets the threshold value of each area according to the feedback information of signal processing, and when the threshold value is reached, the frequency changer directly feeds back uITLA to adjust the conversion rate.
As an improvement, the gesture sensing module correspondingly monitors the motion frequency of an object loaded by the radar, and then correspondingly compensates the synchronous radar frequency, when the specific compensation is performed, when v=z=0, the default object is stationary, and when V > Z, a corresponding frequency is output to perform compensation processing on the frequency of uITLA. Wherein uITLA refers to a tunable semiconductor laser; v refers to the movement frequency of the installed radar object; z refers to the radar transmit frequency.
The beneficial effects are that: the radar system provided by the invention can combine real-time wind conditions and gesture sensing to automatically adjust the channel switching rate, thereby maximally utilizing system resources and realizing high-precision wind measurement as required. The adjustable laser adopted by the system is simple to control, high in switching frequency, long in service life and good in reliability; the DWDM technology is mature, the cost is low, no external signal control is needed, and signals are multiplexed out; the signal processing module processes the needed data in time and distributes the processed data to the lower stage; the wind parameter reconstruction module can clearly know the current wind state; and the gesture sensing and the frequency change can change corresponding parameters according to the real-time wind speed state, so as to achieve the effect of improving the radar performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a radar system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the tunable semiconductor laser of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse signal modulation waveform of an acousto-optic modulator according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the DWDM wavelength division multiplexer of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a state of the wind parameter reconstruction module according to the present invention after converting the processed signal.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the frequency changer of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a processing manner of the gesture sensing module of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a tunable semiconductor laser 1, an acousto-optic modulator 2, an EYDFA amplifier 3, an optical fiber circulator 4, a DWDM wavelength division multiplexer 5, a photoelectric detector 6, a signal processing module 7, a wind parameter reconstruction module 8, a frequency changer 9 and a gesture sensing module 10.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the adaptive multi-channel wind-measuring laser radar system of the present invention, after adjusting the wavelength, outputs continuous signal light, connects with the acousto-optic modulator 2 for optical pulse modulation, connects with the eiydfa amplifier 3 for optical energy amplification, after passing through the optical fiber circulator 4, enters the DWDM wavelength division multiplexer 5 for beginning to split light, makes the laser with different wavelength enter the telescope for emitting to the atmosphere, receives the echo signal scattered by the atmosphere through the same emitting port, enters the photoelectric detector 6 through the optical fiber circulator 4,2 port, and enters the photoelectric detector 6, the echo signal and the local oscillation light of the tunable semiconductor laser 1 for beat frequency, the signal after beat frequency enters the device 7 for starting data processing, the wind parameter reconstruction module 8 outputs various parameters of wind, the frequency changer 9 feeds back to the device 1 for changing the frequency after finding turbulence or instantaneous wind state after data processing of the signal processing module 7, and the gesture sensing module 10 feeds back the object motion state change to the tunable semiconductor laser 1 for frequency change.
The components of the radar system of the present invention are further described and illustrated in detail below.
The tunable semiconductor laser 1, see fig. 2, adopts a tunable seed source, and has the working principle that: the laser has a sampling grating as a reflection grating at each end of the resonant cavity. The grating spacing of the two sampled gratings is designed to be slightly different. The spectra so produced will have different modes of separation. Only the mode at the two reflection peaks of the fibers at the same time makes it possible to form a resonant amplification of the light. The reflection spectrum of one grating is moved by changing the injection current, so that the superposition position of reflection peaks can be changed, and output light with different frequencies can be obtained. Similarly, a first-stage phase region is arranged in the middle and is also used as a fine adjustment region, the oscillation position of each mode is changed through the fine adjustment region to realize quasi-continuous wavelength adjustment, the range can reach hundred nanometers, and the selected wavelength is finer.
Sampling grating section: injection current I DBR1,2 The reflection peak is changed and the wavelength is coarsely tuned.
Phase section: injecting current Ip, shifting longitudinal mode spectrum, and fine tuning wavelength.
Gain section: current I is injected to provide gain.
The stable wavelength is realized by adding current to modulate a plurality of different wavelengths, leading a path of light to enter the etalon, and realizing the stable wavelength through power change, current change and voltage change, wherein the main reason is that in wind speed inversion, the wind speed is related to the wavelength, and the wind speed precision is influenced by the wavelength precision.
The acousto-optic modulator 2 is used for modulating waveforms, and the invention adopts an optical fiber acousto-optic modulator, and mainly comprises an acousto-optic device, an optical fiber coupling system and a driver. In the system, a single or a plurality of acousto-optic modulator modes can be used for modulation, and switching control of the optical signals can be realized by modulating the driving electric signals according to different system extinction ratios.
The EYDF amplifier 3 is based on a double-cladding optical fiber pumping MOPA amplifying technology, and after pump light and signals enter a double-cladding gain optical fiber at the same time, low-energy-level particles rise to a high energy level, and finally the process of returning to a ground state is stabilized, so that the original signal light is amplified by particle number inversion, and a multistage amplifying structure can be realized.
The optical fiber circulator 4 enables bi-directional signal transmission over a single optical fiber, the direction of signal transmission of the circulator being irreversible and the optical signals being directed from one port to another in only one direction at a time, the optical signals having to pass through the ports in sequence in one direction, although the direction may be redirected. The circulator optical signal, which in the present invention is three-port, i.e., three-port, must travel from port 1 to port 2 and then to port 3.
As shown in fig. 4, DWDM wavelength division multiplexer 5 is actually integrated like a plurality of WDM devices. The multiple wavelengths pass through the DWDM wavelength division multiplexer through the multimode optical fiber, and then the lasers with different wavelengths are separated through the wavelength division multiplexer. The method comprises the steps that a plurality of wavelength combined lasers modulated by a DBR tunable seed source laser are coupled into a DWDM optical device through optical fibers, the light is refracted into each optical fiber array through a prism, a filter of a dielectric film is arranged at the front end of each optical fiber array, and only the wavelength of the light is in the filter range, the light can enter the optical fibers through the filter and be emitted; otherwise, the light which cannot pass through the filter with the wavelength is reflected back by the filter, at this time, a layer of reflecting film is plated on the edge of the module, the light reflected back by the first filter is reflected to the port of the next optical fiber array again, and the filter with different wavelengths is placed on the next port. After proper wavelength is found through back and forth reflection of different filters and reflectors, light enters the corresponding port of the optical fiber array, so that most wavelengths in the multimode optical fiber are decomposed into single wavelengths and output from different wavelength channels, and the method for switching light is realized. Because the optical switch module in the radar system needs low insertion loss, high return loss, high tolerance power and high reliability, the key parameters DWDM can well meet the requirements.
The photodetector 6 converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, and outputs the electrical signal after internal amplification processing.
The signal processing module 7 is used for carrying out algorithm processing on the received electric signals and is connected with an upper computer in a communication way.
As shown in fig. 5, the wind parameter reconstruction module 8 converts the processed signals according to the doppler shift principle and the triangle geometry, and outputs the wind state, such as wind direction, wind speed and turbulence.
The radial wind speed is expressed as:
When the two-channel wind measuring scanning is performed, the return light is received, the processing calculation is performed, and the wind vector is set
According to the geometric relationship:
the wind speed and the wind direction of the light beam plane are respectively as follows:
turbulence is:
wherein T is the length of the time sliding window,
is the average value of radial wind speed in the T moment, los=1, 2 is the beam number, and Sigma T To sum the T-time data.
The working principle of the frequency changer 9: according to the feedback information of signal processing, the threshold value of each area is set, when the value reaches a certain threshold value, the action is started, and the change frequency is directly fed back to the uITLA to adjust the conversion rate.
When Ti is los When P is less than or equal to P, the measurement is carried out under the conventional frequency; when Ti is los When the gradient is equal to or more than P, the frequency is changed along with the change of the gradient. As shown in FIG. 6, after the data processing, ti los And (5) outputting control of the current frequency corresponding to the current threshold when the thresholds are not less than A, B, C.
The working principle of the gesture sensing module 10: according to the motion frequency of the object mounted on the radar, corresponding monitoring is performed, and corresponding compensation is performed on the synchronous radar frequency, wherein the processing mode is shown in fig. 7, when v=z=0, the default object is stationary, and when V > Z, a corresponding frequency is output to perform compensation processing on the frequency of uITLA. Wherein uITLA refers to a tunable semiconductor laser; v refers to the movement frequency of the installed radar object; z refers to the radar transmit frequency.
The self-adaptive multichannel wind-measuring laser radar can combine real-time wind conditions and gesture sensing to automatically adjust channel switching speed, thereby maximally utilizing system resources and realizing high-precision wind-measuring according to requirements. The adjustable laser adopted by the system is simple to control, high in switching frequency, long in service life and good in reliability; the DWDM technology is mature, the cost is low, no external signal control is needed, and signals are multiplexed out; the signal processing module processes the needed data in time and distributes the processed data to the lower stage; the wind parameter reconstruction module can clearly know the current wind state; and the gesture sensing and the frequency change can change corresponding parameters according to the real-time wind speed state, so as to achieve the effect of improving the radar performance.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a self-adaptation multichannel wind lidar system which characterized in that: the system comprises a tunable semiconductor laser (1), an acousto-optic modulator (2), an EYDF amplifier (3), an optical fiber circulator (4), a DWDM wavelength division multiplexer (5), a photoelectric detector (6), a signal processing module (7) and a gesture sensing module (10); the tunable semiconductor laser (1) outputs continuous signals and sends the continuous signals to the acousto-optic modulator (2); the acousto-optic modulator (2) carries out optical pulse modulation processing and transmits signals to the EYDFA amplifier (3); the EYDF amplifier (3) is used for amplifying light energy of signals and transmitting the signals to the optical fiber circulator (4), the optical fiber circulator (4) is of a multi-port structure, signals of the EYDF amplifier (3) enter through a port 1 of the optical fiber circulator (4), and the signals enter into the DWDM wavelength division multiplexer (5) from a port 2; the DWDM wavelength division multiplexer (5) sends out echo signals to enter from a port 2 of the optical fiber circulator (4), and the echo signals are sent out from a port 3 to be transmitted to the photoelectric detector (6); the photoelectric detector (6) is used for performing beat frequency processing on the echo signal and local oscillation light of the tunable semiconductor laser (1), transmitting the processed signals to the signal processing module (7) for processing, and the gesture sensing module (10) is used for outputting signals of motion state change of a final object;
the system also comprises a frequency changer (9) which is used for obtaining the rate parameters to be adjusted under the state of turbulence or instantaneous gust through the data processing of the signal processing module (7) and carrying out information interaction with the tunable semiconductor laser (1) and the gesture sensing module (10);
the frequency changer (9) is used for setting the threshold value of each area according to the feedback information of signal processing, and when the threshold value is reached, the frequency changer directly feeds back the tunable semiconductor laser (1) to adjust the conversion rate;
wherein the turbulence is:
wherein T is the length of the time sliding window,
is the average value of radial wind speed in the T moment, los=1, 2 is the beam number, and Sigma T Summing the data at the time T;
when Ti is los When P is less than or equal to P, conventional frequency measurement is used; when Ti is los When the gradient is more than or equal to P, the frequency is changed along with the change of the gradient; after data processing, ti los And (5) outputting control of the current frequency corresponding to the current threshold when the thresholds are not less than A, B, C.
2. The adaptive multi-channel wind lidar system of claim 1, wherein: the wind parameter reconstruction module (8) is also included; the wind parameter reconstruction module (8) is used for outputting various parameters of wind and is loaded in the signal processing module (7).
3. The adaptive multi-channel wind lidar system of claim 1, wherein: the tunable semiconductor laser (1) comprises two sets of spaced apart sampled gratings, a gain region and a phase region, wherein the gain region and the phase region are arranged between the two sets of sampled light.
4. The adaptive multi-channel wind lidar system of claim 1, wherein: the acousto-optic modulator (2) is provided with at least one group, including an acousto-optic device, an optical fiber coupling system and a driver, and is used for modulating driving electric signals according to different extinction ratios in a collocation manner, so that the on-off control of the optical signals can be realized.
5. The adaptive multi-channel wind lidar system of claim 2, wherein: the wind parameter reconstruction module (8) is used for outputting wind state parameters including wind direction, wind speed and turbulence, wherein the radial wind speed is expressed as
f 0 F is the received scattered back light, which is the shift of the frequency of the device 2.
6. The adaptive multi-channel wind lidar system of claim 5, wherein: when two-channel anemometry scanning is performed, wind vectors are set
According to the geometric relationship:
the wind speed and the wind direction of the light beam plane are respectively as follows:
7. the adaptive multi-channel wind lidar system of claim 1, wherein: the gesture sensing module (10) correspondingly monitors the movement frequency of an object loaded by the radar, and correspondingly compensates the synchronous radar frequency, when the specific compensation is carried out, when V=Z=0, the default object is stationary, and when V > Z, a corresponding frequency is output to compensate the frequency of the tunable semiconductor laser (1), wherein V refers to the movement frequency of the radar object; z refers to the radar transmit frequency.
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| CN202110913297.0A CN113671532B (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | Self-adaptive multichannel wind lidar system |
| PCT/CN2021/113437 WO2023015589A1 (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-19 | Adaptive multi-channel wind measurement lidar system |
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| CN115436971A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-12-06 | 南京牧镭激光科技有限公司 | Wind lidar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic and use method thereof |
| CN116719057B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-11-10 | 青岛镭测创芯科技有限公司 | Laser radar system, coherent wind measuring method, device and medium of system |
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