CN109188461A - For measuring the cabin formula LDV technique of different height wind field - Google Patents
For measuring the cabin formula LDV technique of different height wind field Download PDFInfo
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- CN109188461A CN109188461A CN201811015550.5A CN201811015550A CN109188461A CN 109188461 A CN109188461 A CN 109188461A CN 201811015550 A CN201811015550 A CN 201811015550A CN 109188461 A CN109188461 A CN 109188461A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
- G01P13/025—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane indicating air data, i.e. flight variables of an aircraft, e.g. angle of attack, side slip, shear, yaw
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/36—Devices characterised by the use of optical means, e.g. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cabin formula LDV techniques for measuring different height wind field, which includes: narrow linewidth seed light source module, radar transmit-receive optical antenna module and signal receiving module；Narrow linewidth seed light source module includes: the fiber amplifier for exporting narrow linewidth seed light source, its input terminal of linear polarization continuous laser and connecting with the output end of narrow linewidth seed light source, the optical fiber circulator of the output end of its input terminal and fiber amplifier connection, and the photoswitch of the first output end connection of input terminal and optical fiber circulator.The invention has the benefit that reducing radar cost, increase radar wind field measurement capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the radar exploration technique fields, and in particular to a kind of cabin formula for measuring different height wind field is sharp
Light windfinding radar.
Background technique
Existing cabin formula LDV technique product and then is realized to wind by measuring the wind field in its mounting height
The measurement of wind field information in front of power generator, completes blower calibration requirements, but due in front of wind-driven generator wind field it is non-homogeneous
Property, the technical issues of how realizing the Wind field measurement to wind field different height in front of wind-driven generator, be current urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provide it is a kind of for measuring the cabin formula LDV technique of different height wind field.
The purpose of the present invention is realized using following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of cabin formula LDV techniques, which includes: narrow linewidth seed light
Source module, radar transmit-receive optical antenna module and signal receiving module.
Narrow linewidth seed light source module include: export the narrow linewidth seed light source of linear polarization continuous laser, its input terminal with
The optical fiber of the output end connection of the fiber amplifier of the output end connection of narrow linewidth seed light source, input terminal and fiber amplifier
Circulator, and, the photoswitch of the first output end connection of input terminal and optical fiber circulator；Radar transmit-receive optical antenna module
It is connect with the output end of photoswitch；The linear polarization continuous laser of narrow linewidth seed light source output is through fiber amplifier, fiber annular
Device enters photoswitch, and photoswitch will enter its internal linear polarization continuous laser and be switched to any output port output, and pass through
The optical antenna being correspondingly connected with the output port is launched；Radar transmit-receive optical antenna module includes even number root optics day
Multiple output ports of line, even number root optical antenna and photoswitch connect；Every two optical antennas are one group, every group of optical antenna
The twice measuring beam of injection projects in a manner of with respect to the horizontal direction of a fixed angle, what each group optical antenna projected
The horizontal distance of focal position to radar transmit-receive optical antenna module that measuring beam is formed is mutually the same, but each focal position arrives
The vertical height on ground is not identical；The connection of the second output terminal of signal receiving module and optical fiber circulator, connects from optical fiber circulator
Local oscillator light and Doppler frequency shift echo-signal after folding beam with calculated for signal processing module focal position wind speed and
Wind direction information.
Preferably, narrow linewidth seed light source exports the linear polarization continuous laser of 1.5 mum wavelengths, and spectral line width is less than
200kHz, polarization state are linear polarization, and single-mode polarization maintaining fiber output, Output optical power is 1-100mW.
Preferably, narrow linewidth seed light source is single mode narrow linewidth semiconductor laser or DBR/DFB optical fiber laser, or
Solid state laser with tail optical fiber output.
Preferably, fiber amplifier is the more of single-mode optical fiber amplifier, double-cladding fiber amplifier or both combination composition
Grade fiber amplifier.
Preferably, optical fiber circulator is three fiber ports, and the input terminal of photoswitch and optical fiber circulator are used as first end
The optical fiber of mouth is attached by the way of welding；And/or the output beam mean power of photoswitch is greater than 400mW.
Preferably, signal receiving module includes the detection of the second output terminal mouth connection of its input terminal and optical fiber circulator
Device, cabin formula LDV technique further includes the signal processing module connecting with detector, and is connect with signal processing module
Embedded computer；Detector receives local oscillator light and Doppler frequency shift echo-signal after closing beam, and exports electric heterodyne signal
To signal processing module；Signal processing module handles the electric heterodyne signal received, obtains Doppler frequency；It is embedded
Computer calculates the wind speed and direction information of focal position according to obtained Doppler frequency.
Preferably, detector is the avalanche photodetector with optical fiber FC flange.
Preferably, signal processing module includes that denoising unit, logarithmic signal amplifier and Doppler frequency calculate unit；It goes
Unit of making an uproar is used to remove the random noise in electric heterodyne signal；Logarithmic signal amplifier be used for the electric heterodyne signal after denoising into
Row amplification；Doppler frequency calculates unit by the amplified electric heterodyne signal of multi collect, and is believed according to the electric heterodyne of acquisition
Number calculate Doppler frequency.
Preferably, the random noise in electric heterodyne signal is removed, specifically:
(1) J layers of wavelet decomposition are carried out to electric heterodyne signal using wavelet transformation, obtains one group of wavelet coefficient z={ z1,z2…
zn, n is wavelet coefficient number；
(2) wavelet coefficient z is handled using threshold value, wherein thresholding functions are as follows:
In formula, z is the wavelet coefficient before denoising, and z ' is the wavelet coefficient after denoising, λ1It is upper threshold value, λ2It is threshold value
Lower limit value, and λ1、λ2Meet λ1=α λ2, 0 < α < 1, m, η are regulatory factor, and m > 1,0 < η < 1, sgn (f) are symbol letter
Number takes 1 when f is positive number, when being negative, takes 0；
(3) z ' is reconstructed using wavelet inverse transformation, the electric heterodyne signal after being denoised.
Preferably, photoswitch is connected with embedded computer, and photoswitch is believed by the control that embedded computer exports
Number will enter its internal linear polarization continuous laser circularly be switched to any output port output.
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) cabin formula windfinding radar of the invention has the characteristics that light source light spectrum narrow linewidth, using the optics of high sensitivity
Coherent detection system.
(2) local oscillation signal needed for the coherent detection in the present invention utilizes the end face reflection light of photoswitch output optical fibre connector
Beam, the slave seed light source or fiber amplifier that are different from separate the traditional scheme of local oscillator light, and component used in system is less, structure
It is succinct reliable.
(3) present invention has the advantages of using logarithmic signal amplifier, the dynamic range of measuring signal can be improved.Survey wind and thunder
The echo signal intensity reached is related to aerosol particle concentration in environment, and signal strength is very acute with the variation of aerosol particle concentration
It is strong.Logarithmic signal amplifier is amplitude output signal and input signal amplitude is in the amplifying circuit of logarithmic function relationship.It can make
Weak signal obtains plus and blowup, then reduces gain automatically for strong signal, signal is avoided to be saturated.
(4) there is the present invention optical component band tail optical fiber to export, radar system structure all-fiber, mechanical rotating part
The characteristics of, structure is simple, reliable.Using photoswitch rather than mechanical focusing switching device is switched to the light for being directed toward different height
Beam has the characteristics that measure accurate wind speed and direction in front of wind power generating set in different height higher slice.
(5) present invention output laser has the characteristics that eye-safe.
(6) the characteristics of it is polarization-maintaining device that the present invention, which has all fiber optic component and devices, and radar system exports linearly polarized laser.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiment in attached drawing is not constituted to any limit of the invention
System, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to the following drawings
Other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of cabin formula LDV technique provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the frame construction drawing of signal processing module 12 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the principle signal of the horizontal dual-beam measurement of cabin formula LDV technique carry out provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 is that the cabin formula LDV technique progress principle that dual-beam measures obliquely provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is the principle signal that cabin formula laser side radar provided in an embodiment of the present invention carries out dual-beam measurement obliquely
Figure.
Appended drawing reference: narrow linewidth seed light source 1；Fiber amplifier 2；Optical fiber circulator 3；Photoswitch 4；First optical antenna
5；Second optical antenna 6；Third optical antenna 7；4th optical antenna 8；5th optical antenna 9；6th optical antenna 10；Detection
Device 11；Signal processing module 12；Embedded computer 13；Denoise unit 14；Logarithmic signal amplifier 15；Doppler frequency calculates
Unit 16.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of cabin formula LDV technique for measuring different height wind field, the cabin formula windfinding radar packet
It includes: narrow linewidth seed light source 1, fiber amplifier 2, optical fiber circulator 3, photoswitch 4, six roots of sensation optical antenna, detector 11 and letter
Number processing module 12, embedded computer 13.
The output end of narrow linewidth seed light source 1 is connect with the input terminal of fiber amplifier 2, the output end of fiber amplifier 2
It is connect with the input terminal of optical fiber circulator 3, an output end of optical fiber circulator 3 is connect with the input terminal of photoswitch 4, fiber optic loop
The another output of shape device 3 is connect with the input terminal of detector 11, multiple output ports of photoswitch 4 respectively with six roots of sensation optics
Antenna connection, the output end of detector 11 are connect with signal processing module 12, signal processing module 12 and embedded computer 13
Connection.
In cabin formula LDV technique shown in fig. 1, the first optical antenna 5 and the 4th optical antenna 8 are one group, light passing
Bore is 50mm, the light beam that the first optical antenna 5 and the 4th optical antenna 6 issue in the horizontal direction, the first optical antenna 5 with
Angle is 60 ° to the light beam that 4th optical antenna 8 issues in the horizontal direction, and focusing level distance is 75 meters.
Second optical antenna 6 and the 5th optical antenna 9 are one group, clear aperture 50mm, the second optical antenna 6 and the 5th
Angle is 60 ° to the light beam that optical antenna 9 issues in the horizontal direction, and transmitting light beam tilts upwardly relative to the level at place
22 °, focusing level distance is 75 meters, and the linear distance of optical antenna and focal position is 81 meters.
Third optical antenna 7 and the 6th optical antenna 10 are one group, clear aperture 50mm, third optical antenna 7 and the
Angle is 60 ° to the light beam that six optical antennas 10 issue in the horizontal direction, and transmitting light beam dips down relative to the horizontal plane at place
Oblique 22 °, focusing level distance is 75 meters, and the linear distance of optical antenna and focal position is 81 meters.
The launch angle and focusing distance of the above light beam are directed to the small-sized wind power generator group paddle radius about 30 of 1MW power
Rice design, cabin formula LDV technique is allowed to measure the wind power generating set center for this and the wind field at paddle both ends is believed
Breath.
It should be noted that skilled artisans appreciate that the first optical antenna 5 and that above-described embodiment provides
Four optical antennas 8 are one group, the second optical antenna 6 and the 5th optical antenna 9 are one group, third optical antenna 7 and the 6th optics
It is only Illustrative that antenna 10, which is one group, and according to actual needs, any two optics may be selected in those skilled in the art
Antenna is one group, it is only necessary to guarantee that same group of two optical antennas tilt identical angle relative to place plane upward or downward
Degree.Antenna amount, optical antenna clear aperture, focusing distance in the present embodiment can be changed according to actual needs
Become.
Preferably, the linear polarization continuous laser that narrow linewidth seed light source 1 projects is after fiber amplifier 2, optical fiber circulator
Into photoswitch 4, photoswitch 4 will go into its internal linear polarization continuous laser and be switched to any output port output, and lead to
The optical antenna being connected with the output port is crossed to launch.The linear polarization continuous laser entered inside photoswitch is opened through light
The reflected light for closing the optical-fiber-connector end generation of 4 and radar transmit-receive optical antenna module is local oscillator light.It is mapped to by measuring beam poly-
The light that burnt position back reflection generates is Doppler frequency shift echo-signal, which returns along transmitting optical path.
Local oscillator light and Doppler frequency shift echo-signal close Shu Houjing optical fiber circulator 3 in the optical fiber of photoswitch 4 and are incident on detector 11.
Preferably, narrow linewidth seed light source exports the linear polarization continuous laser of 1.5 mum wavelengths；Narrow linewidth seed light source is single
Frequency narrow linewidth semiconductor laser or DBR/DFB optical fiber laser, or the solid state laser with tail optical fiber output, spectral line width are small
In 200kHz, polarization state is linear polarization, single-mode polarization maintaining fiber output, 1~100mW of Output optical power.
Preferably, fiber amplifier is the more of single-mode optical fiber amplifier, double-cladding fiber amplifier or both combination composition
Grade fiber amplifier.
Preferably, the optical fiber between optical fiber circulator 3 and photoswitch 4 is directly fused, and 4 output beam of photoswitch is averaged function
Rate is greater than 400mW；Avoid the reflected light interference local oscillator light using fiber end face when connector connection.
Preferably, photoswitch 4 is connected with embedded computer 13, in a kind of optional embodiment, photoswitch 4 with
It is wireless connection or wired connection between embedded computer 13.The control letter that photoswitch 4 is exported by embedded computer 13
Number will enter its internal linear polarization continuous laser circularly be switched to any output port output.
Preferably, all output optical fibres of photoswitch 4 use FC/PC connector, and the fiber end face plating 1.5 of FC/PC connector is micro-
VHF band anti-reflection film.In the case where 2 Output optical power of fiber amplifier is 500mW, all output optical fibre FC/ of photoswitch 4
The reflected optical power of the optical-fiber-connector end of PC connector is 20 microwatts.The connector facilitates the insertion and fixation of optical fiber.
Preferably, detector 11 is the avalanche photodetector with optical fiber FC flange.U.S. Thorlabs public affairs such as can be used
Take charge of the indium gallium arsenic avalanche photodetector of model APD430C.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, signal processing module 12 includes denoising unit 14, logarithmic signal amplifier 15 and Doppler
Frequency computing unit 16；Denoising unit 14 is used to remove the random noise in the electric heterodyne signal through detector；Logarithmic signal is put
Big device 154 is for amplifying the electric heterodyne signal after denoising；Doppler frequency calculates unit 16 and is amplified by multi collect
Electric heterodyne signal afterwards, and Doppler frequency is calculated according to the electric heterodyne signal of acquisition.
Preferably, the random noise in the electric heterodyne signal through detector 11 is removed, specifically:
(1) J layers of wavelet decomposition are carried out to electric heterodyne signal using wavelet transformation, obtains one group of wavelet coefficient z={ z1,z2…
zA, A is wavelet coefficient number；
(2) wavelet coefficient z is handled using threshold value, wherein thresholding functions are as follows:
In formula, z is the wavelet coefficient before denoising, and z ' is the wavelet coefficient after denoising, λ1It is upper threshold value, λ2It is threshold value
Lower limit value, and λ1、λ2Meet λ1=α λ2, 0 < α < 1, m, η are regulatory factor, and m > 1,0 < η < 1, sgn (f) are symbol letter
Number takes 1 when f is positive number, when being negative, takes 0；
(3) z ' is reconstructed using wavelet inverse transformation, the electric heterodyne signal after being denoised.
It, can be effectively to containing making an uproar the utility model has the advantages that handle noise-containing electric heterodyne signal using thresholding functions
The electric heterodyne signal of sound is filtered；According to λ1、λ2With the absolute difference of wavelet coefficient z, different threshold function tables is selected to handle small
Wave system number can adaptively remove the noise in electric heterodyne signal, retain the effective information of electric heterodyne signal；Due to big compression ring
The interference in border, so that there are various noises for the electric heterodyne signal of acquisition, and by adjusting the size of regulatory factor m, threshold is adjusted
The waveform of value processing function, makes it possible to remove the noise in electric heterodyne signal to the maximum extent, convenient for subsequent to wind speed and wind
Accurate measurement to information.
Preferably, in above embodiment, the bottom threshold value of the wavelet coefficient of jth layer can be calculated using following formula:
In formula, λ2,jIt is the bottom threshold value of jth layer wavelet coefficient, J is the Decomposition order of wavelet transformation, and j=1,
2 ..., j ..., J, σAFor the estimate variance of A wavelet coefficient, A is wavelet coefficient number, σjFor the estimation of jth layer wavelet coefficient
Variance, CjFor the number of jth layer wavelet coefficient, σr,jEstimate variance for noise-free signal r in jth layer, k1、k2、k3For weight
The factor, and meet k1+k2+k3=1.
The utility model has the advantages that calculating separately the bottom threshold value of different decomposition layer using above-mentioned algorithm, and then each point will be obtained
The bottom threshold value for solving layer substitutes into thresholding functions, completes denoising to electric heterodyne signal, which realizes pair
The automatic adjusument of bottom threshold value and upper threshold value can select not according to the actual conditions of each decomposition layer of wavelet transformation
Same bottom threshold value and bottom threshold value completes the denoising process to electric heterodyne signal, avoids setting fixed threshold bring
Noise wavelet coefficients are retained, and to still remain much noise in the electric heterodyne signal after denoising, while also avoiding
Useful wavelet coefficient is treated as into noise information, and makes the electric heterodyne signal after denoising too smooth, improves denoising
Accuracy.
Preferably, pair that U.S.'s Analog Modules company model is Model384 can be used in logarithmic signal amplifier 14
Number signal amplifier.
4 output beam mean power of photoswitch is greater than 400mW.The output end of photoswitch 4 is according to the first optical antenna 5,
Four optical antennas 8, the second optical antenna 6, the 5th optical antenna 9, third optical antenna 7, the 6th optical antenna 10 sequence according to
Secondary switching simultaneously moves in circles.
The working principle of the cabin formula LDV technique provided in the embodiment of the present invention is: the narrow linewidth of small-power output
Seed light source 1 is amplified by fiber amplifier 2, and then 3 Single port of optical fiber circulator is incident, is emitted through Two-port netwerk, is then passed through
Photoswitch 4 is launched after switching beam direction through different optical antennas.System shares 6 optical antennas, every two optics
Antenna is one group, and every group of antenna projects twice forwards and focus measuring beam, and the measuring beam direction of every group of antenna has fixed
Angle.Each group antenna focuses on the light beam of transmitting at horizontal distance identical with wind power generating set.Wherein first group of antenna
Emit light beam in front of horizontal direction, the oblique top of second group of antenna emits light beam, and light beam focus point reaches wind power generating set blade
The upper edge of height, the oblique lower section of third group antenna emit light beam, and light beam focus point reaches under wind power generating set blade height
Edge.The echo-signal for generating Doppler frequency shift is scattered in beam focusing position by the aerosol in atmosphere to return along optical path is emitted,
Echo-signal is exported from three ports of optical fiber circulator.Radar is to be connected to the optical-fiber-connector end of the photoswitch 4 of optical antenna
The reflected light of generation is Radar Local-oscillator light.Echo-signal and local oscillator light are incident on snowslide light after closing beam in the optical fiber of photoswitch 4
On electric explorer 11, electric heterodyne signal is generated, after denoising, is sent into the amplification that logarithmic signal amplifier 15 carries out signal.Amplification
Signal export to signal processing module 12 Doppler frequency calculate unit 16.Doppler frequency calculates unit 16 first will be defeated
Enter signal and carry out analog-to-digital conversion, then carry out Fourier transformation, calculates power spectrum.Doppler frequency calculates 16 multi collect of unit
Amplified signal calculates separately power spectrum signal, then carries out the cumulative of power spectrum.It uses and looks in the power spectrum data after cumulative
The method of center of gravity extracts Doppler frequency.Embedded computer 13 calculates wind field information according to the Doppler frequency value of extraction.It is logical
The Doppler frequency value relationship directly proportional to the size of radial wind speed of each measuring beam is crossed, the diameter of each measuring beam can be calculated
To wind speed.Radial wind speed refers to the wind speed along transmitting beam direction.Pass through the twice measuring beam focused on different height
The radial wind speed of the available twice measuring beam in sustained height, using the radial air speed data of this twice measuring beam,
The wind speed and direction information in the height is obtained by Wind-field Retrieval algorithm.
Fig. 3 shows wind speed and opposite wind power generating set by the measuring beam calculating focal position of one group of horizontal emission
The measurement method of axis direction wind direction information, in Fig. 3, the radial wind speed for the light beam that the first optical antenna 5 issues is Vlos1, the 4th
The radial wind speed for the light beam that optical antenna 6 issues is Vlos2, light beam that the first optical antenna 5 and the 4th optical antenna 6 issue
Angle is 60 °, i.e., α=60 ° shown in Fig. 3, and the light of the first optical antenna 5 and the 4th optical antenna 6 is calculated by (1)-(4) formula
The wind speed and direction information of the focal position of beam, whereinIndicate the angle of wind direction and wind power generating set axis；W is indicated along wind
The wind speed of power generator group axis direction；The wind field component of U expression vertical wind power generator group axis direction；V indicates wind vector
Size；
V1os1、Vlos2、Relationship between α, U, V, W are as follows:
V is calculated by doppler principle (i.e. embedded computer is according to Doppler frequency value)los1And Vlos2, then generation
Enter (1), (2), (3), (4) formula are calculatedU、V、W。
Fig. 4 shows the wind speed and opposite wind-driven generator that focal position is calculated by one group of measuring beam emitted obliquely
The measurement method of group axis direction wind direction information, in Fig. 4, the radial wind speed for the light beam that third optical antenna 7 issues is Vlos3, the
The radial wind speed for the light beam that six optical antennas 10 issue is Vlos4, β expression light beam is directed toward and the angle of horizontal plane, Vlos3、Vlos4With
Corresponding horizontal wind speed Vlos3h、Vlos4hMeet following relationship: Vlos3h=Vlos3cosβ；Vlos4h=Vlos4cosβ。
V is calculated by doppler principle (i.e. embedded computer is according to Doppler frequency value)los3And Vlos4, then generation
Enter above formula to calculate separately to obtain Vlos3hAnd Vlos4h, the V that will obtainlos3hAnd Vlos4hIn (1)-(4) formula of substitution, it can be calculatedU、V、W。
Fig. 5 shows the wind speed and opposite wind-driven generator that focal position is calculated by one group of measuring beam emitted obliquely
The measurement method of group axis direction wind direction information, in Fig. 5, the radial wind speed for the measuring beam that the second optical antenna 6 issues is
Vlos5, the radial wind speed for the measuring beam that the 5th optical antenna 9 issues is Vlos6, β expression measuring beam is directed toward and the folder of horizontal plane
Angle, Vlos5、Vlos6With corresponding horizontal wind speed Vlos5h、Vlos6hMeet following relationship: Vlos5h=Vlos5cosβ；Vlos6h=
Vlos6cosβ。
V is calculated by doppler principle (i.e. embedded computer is according to Doppler frequency value)los5And Vlos6, then generation
Enter above formula to calculate separately to obtain Vlos5hAnd Vlos6h, the V that will obtainlos5hAnd Vlos6hIn (1)-(4) formula of substitution, it can be calculatedU、V、W。
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) cabin formula windfinding radar of the invention has the characteristics that light source light spectrum narrow linewidth, using the optics of high sensitivity
Coherent detection system.
(2) local oscillation signal needed for the coherent detection in the present invention utilizes the end face reflection light of photoswitch output optical fibre connector
Beam, the slave seed light source or fiber amplifier that are different from separate the traditional scheme of local oscillator light, and component used in system is less, structure
It is succinct reliable.
(3) present invention has the advantages of using logarithmic signal amplifier, the dynamic range of measuring signal can be improved.Survey wind and thunder
The echo optical signal intensity reached is related to aerosol particle concentration in environment, signal strength with aerosol particle concentration variation very
Acutely.Logarithmic signal amplifier is amplitude output signal and input signal amplitude is in the amplifying circuit of logarithmic function relationship.Its energy
So that weak signal is obtained plus and blowup, gain is then reduced for strong signal automatically, signal is avoided to be saturated.
(4) there is the present invention optical component band tail optical fiber to export, radar system structure all-fiber, mechanical rotating part
The characteristics of, structure is simple, reliable.Using photoswitch rather than mechanical focusing switching device is switched to the light for being directed toward different height
Beam has the characteristics that measure accurate wind speed and direction in front of wind power generating set in different height higher slice.
(5) present invention output laser has the characteristics that eye-safe.
(6) the characteristics of it is polarization-maintaining device that the present invention, which has all fiber optic component and devices, and radar system exports linearly polarized laser.
Above technical scheme utilizes the different focal positions of more optical antennas, and one kind may be implemented in different height higher slice
The cabin formula LDV technique for measuring accurate wind speed and direction in front of wind power generating set, is compared and existing cabin formula laser
Windfinding radar measurement wind field information more comprehensively, be more advantageous to the calibration of wind power generating set, be applicable to intelligent blower manufacture,
The application fields such as control.
According to above-described embodiment, the present invention can be realized well.It is worth noting that before based on above-mentioned design principle
It puts, to solve same technical problem, even if that makes in structure basis disclosed in this invention is some without substantive
Change is polished, and is such as increased optical antenna quantity, is changed optical antenna clear aperture, focus different distance, different days is arranged
The change such as wire clamp angle, the essence of used technical solution is still as the present invention, therefore it should also be as in protection of the invention
In range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cabin formula LDV technique characterized by comprising narrow linewidth seed light source module, radar transmit-receive optics
Anneta module and signal receiving module；
The narrow linewidth seed light source module include: export the narrow linewidth seed light source of linear polarization continuous laser, its input terminal with
The output end of the fiber amplifier of the output end connection of the narrow linewidth seed light source, input terminal and the fiber amplifier connects
The optical fiber circulator connect, and, the photoswitch that input terminal is connect with the first output end of the optical fiber circulator；
The radar transmit-receive optical antenna module is connect with the output end of the photoswitch；
The linear polarization continuous laser of the narrow linewidth seed light source output is through described in the fiber amplifier, optical fiber circulator entrance
Photoswitch, the photoswitch will enter its internal linear polarization continuous laser and be switched to any output port output, and by with
The optical antenna that the output port is correspondingly connected with is launched；
The radar transmit-receive optical antenna module includes even number root optical antenna, optical antenna described in even number root and the photoswitch
Multiple output ports connection；Every two optical antennas are one group, and the twice measuring beam that every group of optical antenna projects is with opposite
It is projected in horizontal direction at the mode of a fixed angle, the focal position that the measuring beam that each group optical antenna projects is formed arrives
The radar transmit-receive optical antenna module is mutually the same, but the vertical height on each focal position to ground is not identical；
The signal receiving module is connect with the second output terminal of the optical fiber circulator, is received from the optical fiber circulator and is closed beam
Local oscillator light and Doppler frequency shift echo-signal afterwards is believed with the wind speed and direction for calculating focal position for signal processing module
Breath.
2. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the narrow linewidth seed light source output
The linear polarization continuous laser of 1.5 mum wavelengths, spectral line width are less than 200kHz, and polarization state is linear polarization, and single-mode polarization maintaining fiber exports,
Output optical power is 1-100mW.
3. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the narrow linewidth seed light source is single
Frequency narrow linewidth semiconductor laser or DBR/DFB optical fiber laser, or the solid state laser with tail optical fiber output.
4. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber amplifier is single-mode optics
The multi-stage fiber amplifier that fiber amplifier, double-cladding fiber amplifier or both combination are constituted.
5. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optical fiber circulator is three ports
The optical fiber as the first port of optical fiber, the input terminal of the photoswitch and the optical fiber circulator is by the way of welding
It is attached；And/or
The output beam mean power of the photoswitch is greater than 400mW.
6. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal receiving module includes it
The detector that input terminal is connect with the second output terminal mouth of the optical fiber circulator,
The cabin formula LDV technique further includes the signal processing module connecting with the detector, and with the signal
The embedded computer of processing module connection；
The detector receives local oscillator light and Doppler frequency shift echo-signal after closing beam, and exports electric heterodyne signal to the letter
Number processing module；The signal processing module handles the electric heterodyne signal received, obtains Doppler frequency；It is described embedding
Enter the wind speed and direction information that formula computer calculates focal position according to obtained Doppler frequency.
7. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detector is band optical fiber FC method
Blue avalanche photodetector.
8. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the signal processing module includes going
Unit, logarithmic signal amplifier and the Doppler frequency of making an uproar calculate unit；The denoising unit is for removing the electric heterodyne signal
In random noise；The logarithmic signal amplifier is for amplifying the electric heterodyne signal after denoising；Doppler's frequency
Rate computing unit calculates Doppler's frequency according to the electric heterodyne signal of acquisition by the amplified electric heterodyne signal of multi collect
Rate.
9. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the electric heterodyne signal of the removal
Random noise, specifically:
(1) J layers of wavelet decomposition are carried out to electric heterodyne signal using wavelet transformation, obtains one group of wavelet coefficient z={ z1,z2…zn},
N is wavelet coefficient number；
(2) wavelet coefficient z is handled using threshold value, wherein thresholding functions are as follows:
In formula, z is the wavelet coefficient before denoising, and z ' is the wavelet coefficient after denoising, λ1It is upper threshold value, λ2It is bottom threshold
Value, and λ1、λ2Meet λ1=α λ2, 0 < α < 1, m, η are regulatory factor, and m > 1,0 < η < 1, sgn (f) they are sign function, when
When f is positive number, 1 is taken, when being negative, takes 0；
(3) z ' is reconstructed using wavelet inverse transformation, the electric heterodyne signal after being denoised.
10. cabin formula LDV technique according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the photoswitch and the insertion
Formula computer is connected, and it is inclined that the control signal that the photoswitch is exported by the embedded computer will enter its internal line
Vibration continuous laser is circularly switched to any output port output.
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