CN113670758B - Spherical hinge friction and wear performance testing machine - Google Patents
Spherical hinge friction and wear performance testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113670758B CN113670758B CN202110951088.5A CN202110951088A CN113670758B CN 113670758 B CN113670758 B CN 113670758B CN 202110951088 A CN202110951088 A CN 202110951088A CN 113670758 B CN113670758 B CN 113670758B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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Abstract
The invention relates to a friction and wear performance testing machine for a spherical hinge, which comprises: the upper and lower sides of the spherical hinge clamp are respectively provided with an upper connecting structure and a lower connecting structure, and the upper connecting structure and the lower connecting structure are vertically symmetrical and are respectively fixedly connected with a spherical head screw rod of the spherical hinge to be tested; the top of the bearing seat is provided with a bearing friction surface; the loading head is used for applying downward test load to the ball seat of the ball joint to be tested, which is fixed above the ball joint clamp; the horizontal loading device is used for driving the spherical hinge clamp to move left and right in the horizontal direction; or is used for driving the spherical hinge clamp to rotate along the central axis of the spherical hinge clamp; the vertical force sensor is used for detecting the pressing force of the vertical loading device on the spherical hinge to be detected; the horizontal force sensor is used for detecting horizontal force applied to the spherical hinge clamp by the horizontal loading device. The two spherical hinges to be tested are arranged vertically symmetrically through the spherical hinge clamp, so that the horizontal loading device detects the spherical head bases of the two spherical hinges to be tested under the same test condition, and the situation of friction and abrasion is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a friction and wear performance testing machine for a spherical hinge.
Background
The spherical hinge can realize the connection between two objects with angle change, and has the advantages of simple structure, large bearing capacity, strong adaptability, long service life and the like. The ball hinge comprises a ball head seat and a ball head screw rod, and the ball head seat and the ball head screw rod form a ball joint pair which is mainly used for swinging and rotating and is also a friction pair; when the ball hinge is used, the bottom surface of the ball seat is often supported on a corresponding object to form a friction pair, and the two friction pairs are required to support weight. In the working process of the spherical hinge, friction and abrasion can occur between the ball seat and a corresponding object and between the ball and the ball seat, so that the research on the friction and abrasion performance of the spherical hinge has great significance for guaranteeing the quality of the spherical hinge.
At present, the market of the low-bearing spherical hinge is becoming larger, the application occasions are increasing, and a device which can conduct friction and wear performance test research on the spherical hinge stably, reliably and high-accurately is needed, so that the mechanical performance research and verification of the spherical hinge are perfected, the change rule of the spherical hinge in the actual service process is obtained, and the quality of the spherical hinge is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a friction and wear performance testing machine for a spherical hinge, so as to realize friction and wear performance testing of the spherical hinge.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the spherical hinge friction and wear performance testing machine provided by the invention is as follows: a ball hinge friction and wear performance testing machine comprises:
the upper and lower sides of the spherical hinge clamp are respectively provided with an upper connecting structure and a lower connecting structure, and the upper connecting structure and the lower connecting structure are vertically symmetrical and are respectively fixedly connected with a spherical head screw rod of the spherical hinge to be tested;
the supporting base is provided with a bearing seat, and the top of the bearing seat is provided with a bearing friction surface for clamping with the spherical hinge
The ball seat with the ball hinge to be measured on the upper side is matched;
the loading frame is arranged on the supporting base, a vertical loading device is arranged on the loading frame, a loading head is arranged on the vertical loading device and is used for applying downward test load to a ball seat of the ball joint to be tested, which is fixed above the ball joint clamp, and an upper friction surface is arranged at the bottom of the loading head and is used for being matched with the ball seat of the ball joint to be tested, which is arranged on the upper side of the ball joint clamp;
the horizontal loading device is used for driving the spherical hinge clamp to move left and right in the horizontal direction; or the ball joint clamp is used for driving the ball joint clamp to rotate along the central axis of the ball joint clamp so as to generate friction between a ball head of the ball joint to be tested and a ball head seat;
the vertical force sensor is used for detecting the pressing force of the vertical loading device on the spherical hinge to be detected;
and the horizontal force sensor is used for detecting horizontal force applied to the spherical hinge clamp by the horizontal loading device.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the spherical hinge friction and wear performance testing machine provided by the invention, the upper end and the lower end of the spherical hinge clamp are respectively provided with one spherical hinge to be tested, the spherical hinge to be tested at the upper end is in contact with the upper friction surface of the loading head in a pressing manner, friction is generated when the horizontal loading device loads, the spherical hinge to be tested at the lower end is in contact with the bearing friction surface of the bearing seat in a pressing manner, friction is generated when the horizontal recording device loads, and the two spherical hinges to be tested are symmetrically arranged up and down through the spherical hinge clamp, so that the spherical seats of the upper spherical hinge to be tested and the lower spherical hinge to be tested are detected under the same test condition by the horizontal loading device, the friction and wear condition is obtained, and the detection of the spherical hinge is realized.
As a further improvement, the spherical hinge clamp comprises a sleeve, the sleeve extends along the up-down direction, and the horizontal loading device is connected to the sleeve; the upper and lower ends of the sleeve are respectively fixed with an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate, and the upper connecting structure and the lower connecting structure are respectively arranged on the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate.
The beneficial effects are that: the ball hinge to be measured is installed through the mounting plate, and the manufacturing is simple.
As a further improvement, the upper mounting plate is fixed on the upper end face of the sleeve through a bolt, and the lower mounting plate is fixed on the lower end face of the sleeve through a bolt.
The beneficial effects are that: the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are connected with sleeve bolts, so that the installation is convenient.
As a further improvement, the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are provided with limit grooves towards one side of the sleeve, and two ends of the sleeve are respectively embedded into the corresponding limit grooves to realize radial positioning.
The beneficial effects are that: the limiting grooves are formed in the two ends of the sleeve in a limiting mode, and therefore the integral strength of the spherical hinge clamp is improved.
As a further improvement, the spherical hinge friction and wear performance testing machine is further provided with an environment box, the environment box is fixedly installed on the supporting base through an environment box bracket, the spherical hinge clamp is located in the environment box, the upper end of the bearing seat extends into the environment box upwards, and the loading head extends into the environment box downwards.
The beneficial effects are that: the environment box can provide a temperature-controllable test environment for the test, eliminate the interference of temperature factors and improve the test precision.
As a further improvement, a plurality of sensor mounting holes are arranged on the side wall of the environment box for mounting a plurality of temperature sensors.
The beneficial effects are that: the temperature sensors can measure the temperature of the environment box in a balanced mode, and temperature measurement errors are reduced.
As a further improvement, the bearing seat, the loading head, the ball seat of the ball hinge to be tested and the ball screw are respectively provided with corresponding temperature sensors.
The beneficial effects are that: the temperature of each part in the environment box to be measured is measured, so that the temperature measurement is more accurate, and the test precision is improved.
As a further improvement, an upper heating ring is arranged above the environment box, the loading head penetrates through the upper heating ring, and a heat insulation structure is arranged above the upper heating ring on the outer peripheral surface of the loading head; the lower heating ring is arranged below the environment box, the bearing seat penetrates through the lower heating ring, and the heat insulation structure is arranged below the lower heating ring on the outer peripheral surface of the bearing seat.
The beneficial effects are that: the arrangement of the upper heating ring and the lower heating ring can enable the temperature in the environment box to reach the temperature required by the test.
As a further improvement, a ring groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the loading head and/or the outer circumferential surface of the bearing seat, and the heat insulation structure is formed by the ring groove.
The beneficial effects are that: the sizes of the loading head and the bearing seat are reduced, so that heat transfer from the loading head, the bearing seat and the environment box to other positions is reduced.
As a further improvement, a push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the side surface of the spherical hinge clamp at the middle position in the up-down direction, and the push-pull rod extends along the horizontal direction; the side of the environment box is provided with an avoidance hole, and the push-pull rod passes through the avoidance hole and is connected with the horizontal loading device.
The beneficial effects are that: the push-pull rod drives the spherical hinge clamp to act, so that the structure is simple.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction and wear performance tester for a spherical hinge provided in example 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction and wear performance tester for a spherical hinge provided in example 2;
fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a support base; 11. a bearing seat; 111. a lower ring groove; 112. a load bearing friction surface; 12. an environmental box bracket; 13. a loading cylinder bracket; 2. a loading frame; 21. a loading head; 211. an upper ring groove; 212. an upper friction surface; 3. spherical hinge clamp; 30. a cushion layer; 31. a sleeve; 32. an upper mounting plate; 33. a lower mounting plate; 331. a limit groove; 4. a vertical loading device; 41. a vertical loading cylinder; 42. a vertical force sensor; 5. a horizontal loading device; 51. a horizontal loading cylinder; 52. a push-pull rod; 53. a horizontal force sensor; 6. ball joints to be tested; 61. a ball seat; 62. a ball screw; 7. an environmental box; 71. a sensor mounting hole; 72. a temperature sensor; 8. a column; 9. a heating ring is arranged on the upper part; 91. and a lower heating ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a depicted element.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected," as may be used broadly, and may be connected, for example, fixedly, detachably, or integrally, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art in specific cases.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the term "provided" as may occur, for example, as an object of "provided" may be a part of a body, may be separately arranged from the body, and may be connected to the body, and may be detachably connected or may be non-detachably connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art in specific cases.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1 of the spherical hinge frictional wear performance tester provided in the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the spherical hinge friction and wear testing machine comprises a loading frame 2 and a supporting base 1, wherein the loading frame 2 comprises a plurality of upright posts 8 supported on the supporting base 1, and the upper ends of the upright posts 8 are fixedly provided with supporting plates.
The supporting base 1 is provided with a bearing seat 11, an environment box bracket 12 and a loading cylinder bracket 13, and the upper surface of the bearing seat 11 forms a bearing friction surface 112 to support the spherical hinge 6 to be tested and generate friction with the spherical hinge 6 to be tested when the spherical hinge 6 to be tested moves. The environmental box bracket 12 is used for supporting and installing the environmental box 7. The loading cylinder bracket 13 is used for supporting and mounting the horizontal loading device 5.
The loading frame 2 is provided with loading head perforations for the loading heads 21 of the vertical loading devices 4 fixed on the loading frame 2 to pass through.
The top of the environmental box 7 is provided with an upper through hole for the loading head 21 of the vertical loading device 4 to penetrate, the bottom of the environmental box 7 is provided with a lower through hole for the bearing seat 11 to penetrate, the peripheral side cylinder wall of the environmental box 7 is provided with 7 sensor mounting holes 71 and 1 avoiding hole, each sensor mounting hole 71 is respectively provided with a temperature sensor 72, wherein three temperature sensors 72 are respectively used for detecting the temperatures of the ball seat 61, the ball screw 62 and the upper mounting plate 32 of the ball hinge 6 to be detected above the ball hinge clamp 3, and the other three temperature sensors 72 are respectively used for detecting the temperatures of the ball seat 61, the ball screw 62 and the lower mounting plate 32 of the ball hinge 6 to be detected below the ball hinge clamp 3, the two sets of temperature sensors are symmetrical about the central axis of the environmental box 7 in the horizontal direction, and the other temperature sensor 72 is positioned above the central axis for detecting the internal temperature of the environmental box 7. The avoidance hole allows the push-pull rod 52 to penetrate into the environment box 7. The environment box 7 is also called a high-low temperature environment box, and is used for realizing a high-low temperature test environment in the prior art, and the specific structure is not specifically described here.
The spherical hinge clamp 3 comprises a sleeve 31, the sleeve 31 extends along the up-down direction, an upper mounting plate 32 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the sleeve 31, a perforation is arranged on the upper mounting plate 32, the perforation is used as an upper connecting structure, a ball screw 62 of the spherical hinge 6 to be tested, which is positioned above the spherical hinge clamp 3, passes through the perforation, and the spherical hinge 6 to be tested is fixed on the upper mounting plate 32 through a fastening nut. The lower mounting plate 33 is also provided with a through hole as a lower connecting structure for the ball screw 62 of the ball joint 6 to be tested located below the ball joint clamp 3 to pass through, and the ball joint 6 to be tested is fixed on the lower mounting plate 33 through a fastening nut. The lower surface of the upper mounting plate 32 and the upper surface of the lower mounting plate 33 are respectively provided with a limit groove 331, and the upper end and the lower end of the sleeve 31 are respectively embedded in the limit grooves 331 of the two mounting plates.
In order to fix the two mounting plates on the sleeve 31, bolt through holes are further formed in the two mounting plates, bolt mounting holes are correspondingly formed in the two ends of the sleeve 31 in a penetrating manner, and the two mounting plates are respectively and fixedly mounted at the two ends of the sleeve 31 through penetrating bolts.
The vertical loading device 4 comprises a vertical loading cylinder 41 and a loading head 21, and the vertical loading cylinder 41 is connected with the loading frame 2 through bolts. The below of vertical loading jar 41 is equipped with vertical force transducer 42, and vertical force transducer 42 is whole discoid, and vertical force transducer 42 intermediate position is equipped with central bolt mounting hole to with vertical loading jar 41 bolt assembly for detect the compressive force that vertical loading jar 41 applyed downwards, be equipped with the bolt mounting hole of round on the vertical force transducer 42 around the circumference of this central bolt mounting hole, be used for with loading head 21 bolted connection.
The loading head 21 is of a columnar structure and extends along the up-down direction, the lower part of the loading head 21 penetrates into the environmental box 7 through an upper through hole on the environmental box 7, the bottom end face of the loading head 21 forms a loading surface, so that when the loading head 21 is driven by the vertical loading cylinder 41 to move downwards, the loading head 21 pushes against the ball joint 6 to be tested, which is positioned on the upper side of the ball joint clamp 3, to apply downward test load to the ball seat 61 of the ball joint 6 to be tested, and the loading surface is used as an upper friction surface 212 to generate friction with the ball seat 61 of the ball joint 6 to be tested.
The horizontal loading device 5 comprises a horizontal loading cylinder 51. The horizontal loading cylinder 51 is fixedly installed on the supporting base 1 through the loading cylinder bracket 13, a horizontal force sensor 53 is arranged at the left end of the horizontal loading cylinder 51, the horizontal force sensor 53 is in a disc shape as a whole, and the horizontal force sensor 53 is connected with the horizontal loading cylinder 51 through bolts so as to measure horizontal force exerted by the horizontal loading cylinder 51. The horizontal force sensor 53 is provided with a threaded hole for bolting with the push-pull rod 52.
The push-pull rod 52 extends along the left-right direction, the right end of the push-pull rod 52 is connected with the horizontal force sensor 53, the left end of the push-pull rod 52 is fixedly connected with the sleeve 31, and the connection position is positioned on the symmetry axis of the upper mounting plate 32 and the lower mounting plate 33. The push-pull rod 52 drives the sleeve 31 to move horizontally when moving horizontally, and then drives the spherical hinge 6 to be tested positioned at the two sides of the spherical hinge clamp 3 to move horizontally.
In this embodiment, in order to make the environmental chamber 7 reach the temperature required for the test, an upper heating ring 9 is disposed above the environmental chamber 7, the upper heating ring 9 is sleeved on the loading head 21, a lower heating ring 91 is disposed below the environmental chamber 7, the lower heating ring 91 is sleeved on the bearing seat 11, and the two heating rings are used for heating the environmental chamber 7. In specific implementation, the upper ring groove 211 is disposed above the upper heating ring 9 on the outer peripheral surface of the loading head 21, and the lower ring groove 111 is disposed below the lower heating ring 91 on the outer peripheral surface of the bearing seat 11, and the two ring grooves serve as heat insulation structures, so that the sizes of the loading head 21 and the bearing seat 11 are reduced, and heat transfer from the loading head 21, the bearing seat 11 and the environmental chamber 7 to other positions is reduced.
When the friction and wear test of the spherical hinge is carried out, firstly, two spherical hinges 6 to be tested are respectively arranged on an upper mounting plate 32 and a lower mounting plate 33, then a vertical loading cylinder 41 is started to enable a loading head 21 to descend, an upper friction surface 212 of the loading head 21 is in jacking contact with a ball seat 61 of the spherical hinge 6 to be tested, which is positioned on the upper side of a spherical hinge clamp 3, a bearing friction surface 112 of a bearing seat 11 is in jacking contact with a ball seat 61 of the spherical hinge 6 to be tested, which is positioned on the lower side of the spherical hinge clamp 3, and a pre-pressing load is applied; then setting the temperature of the environment box 7, monitoring the temperatures of the loading head 21, the bearing seat 11, the ball seat 61 and the ball screw 62 of the two ball hinges 6 to be tested in real time, starting the vertical loading cylinder 41 again when the temperature difference of the positions measured by the temperature sensors 72 is not more than 5 ℃, slowly and continuously and uniformly applying the test load downwards, monitoring the numerical value of the vertical force sensor 42 until the numerical value reaches a specified value F, starting the horizontal loading cylinder 51, driving the push-pull rod 52 to move horizontally by the horizontal loading cylinder 51, driving the two ball hinges 6 to be tested by the push-pull rod 52 through the sleeve 31 and the corresponding mounting plates, stopping horizontal loading by the horizontal loading cylinder 51 at the moment when the two ball hinges 6 to be tested move, and reading the numerical value F of the horizontal force sensor 53 at the moment.
Because the push-pull rod 52 overcomes the friction force between the spherical hinge 6 to be detected and the upper friction surface 212 which are positioned on the upper side of the spherical hinge clamp 3 and the friction force between the spherical hinge 6 to be detected and the bearing friction surface 112 which are positioned on the lower side of the spherical hinge clamp 3, and the upper mounting plate 32 and the lower mounting plate 33 are arranged symmetrically up and down, and the horizontal loading position is in the middle position of the sleeve 31, the friction force between the spherical hinge 6 to be detected and the upper friction surface 212 which are positioned on the upper side of the spherical hinge clamp 3 is equal to the friction force between the spherical hinge 6 to be detected and the bearing friction surface 112 which are positioned on the lower side of the spherical hinge clamp 3. Therefore, according to the friction force calculation formula f=μ s F and f=2f, the friction coefficient of the bottom surface of the ball seat 61 of the ball joint 6 to be tested in a single test can be obtained, the above process is continuously repeated five times, and the average value of the results obtained five times is obtained, namely, the friction coefficient of the bottom surface of the ball seat 61 of the ball joint 6 to be tested.
The ball joint friction and wear performance testing machine can also be used for detecting the durability of the ball joints to be tested, during testing, the horizontal loading cylinder 51 continuously and uniformly drives the push-pull rod 52 to move left and right according to the set speed, the two ball joint 6 ball joint seats 61 to be tested continuously rub against the bearing seat 11 and the loading head 21 respectively, the friction coefficient of the bottom surface of the ball joint 6 ball joint seat 61 to be tested can be continuously increased in the continuous friction process, and when the fact that the friction coefficient of the bottom surface of the ball joint 6 ball joint seat 61 to be tested exceeds the set value is detected, the failure of the ball joint 6 to be tested can be judged.
The durability of the ball joints 6 to be tested can be judged by the abrasion loss of the cushion layer 30 on the ball joints 6 to be tested in the continuous friction process between the ball joint seat 61 of the two ball joints 6 to be tested and the bearing seat 11 and the loading head 21 respectively, and the ball joints to be tested can be judged to fail when the abrasion loss of the cushion layer 30 exceeds a set value.
According to the spherical hinge friction and wear performance testing machine provided by the invention, the upper end and the lower end of the spherical hinge clamp 3 are respectively provided with one spherical hinge 6 to be tested, the spherical hinge 6 to be tested at the upper end is in contact with the upper friction surface 212 of the loading head 21 in a propping manner, friction is generated when the horizontal loading device is loaded, the spherical hinge 6 to be tested at the lower end is in contact with the bearing friction surface 112 of the bearing seat 11 in a propping manner, friction is generated when the horizontal loading device is loaded, the two spherical hinges 6 to be tested are symmetrically arranged up and down through the spherical hinge clamp 3, so that the spherical seats 61 of the two spherical hinges 6 to be tested at the upper end and the lower end are detected by the horizontal loading device 5 under the same test condition, the condition of friction and wear is obtained, and further the detection of the spherical hinge 6 to be tested is realized.
Example 2 of the spherical hinge frictional wear performance tester provided in the present invention:
the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the push-pull rod 52 extends in the left-right direction, the left end of the push-pull rod 52 is fixedly connected with the sleeve 31, the right end of the push-pull rod 52 is connected with the horizontal force sensor 53, the horizontal force sensor 53 is connected to the output end of the horizontal loading cylinder 51, and the push-pull rod is driven to move left and right when the horizontal loading cylinder is started. In this embodiment, the push-pull rod 52 extends along the front-rear direction, the horizontal force sensor is connected to the output end of the horizontal loading cylinder 51, and when the horizontal loading cylinder 51 is started, the horizontal loading cylinder 51 pushes the push-pull rod 52 to rotate along the central axis of the sleeve 31, so as to drive the sleeve 31 to rotate along the central axis thereof, and friction is generated between the ball heads of the two ball joints 6 to be tested and the ball head seat 61.
When the friction and wear test of the spherical hinge is carried out, firstly, two spherical hinges 6 to be tested are respectively arranged on an upper mounting plate 32 and a lower mounting plate 33, then a vertical loading cylinder 41 is started to enable a loading head 21 to descend, an upper friction surface 212 of the loading head 21 is in jacking contact with a ball seat 61 of the spherical hinge 6 to be tested, which is positioned on the upper side of a spherical hinge clamp 3, a bearing friction surface 112 of a bearing seat 11 is in jacking contact with a ball seat 61 of the spherical hinge 6 to be tested, which is positioned on the lower side of the spherical hinge clamp 3, and a pre-pressing load is applied; then, setting the temperature of the environment box 7, monitoring the temperatures of the loading head 21, the bearing seat 11, the ball seat 61 and the ball screw 62 of the two ball hinges 6 to be tested in real time, starting the vertical loading cylinder 41 again when the temperature difference of the positions measured by the temperature sensors 72 is not more than 5 ℃, slowly and continuously and evenly applying test load downwards, monitoring the numerical value of the vertical force sensor 42 until the numerical value reaches a specified numerical value, starting the horizontal loading cylinder 51, pushing the push-pull rod 52 to horizontally rotate by the horizontal loading cylinder 51, driving the two ball hinges 6 to be tested by the push-pull rod 52 through the sleeve 31 and the mounting plate, stopping horizontal loading by the horizontal loading cylinder 51 at the moment when the two ball hinges 6 to be tested rotate, and reading the numerical value of the horizontal force sensor 53 at the moment to be P. The push-pull rod perforation on the environment box 7 can be a long hole or a hole with larger aperture.
The push-pull rod 52 overcomes the friction force between the ball seat 61 and the ball screw 62 of the ball hinge 6 to be tested positioned on the upper side of the ball hinge clamp 3 and the friction force between the ball seat 61 and the ball screw 62 of the ball hinge 6 to be tested positioned on the upper side of the ball hinge clamp 3, and the upper mounting plate 32 and the lower mounting plate 33 are arranged symmetrically up and down, and the horizontal loading position is in the middle position of the sleeve 31, so that the friction force between the ball head and the ball seat 62 of the ball hinge 6 to be tested positioned on the upper side of the ball hinge clamp 3 is equal to the friction force between the ball head and the ball seat 62 of the ball hinge 6 to be tested positioned on the lower side of the ball hinge clamp 3. The torque of the ball joint 6 to be measured satisfies the formula m=μd k P/2, it follows that the coefficient of friction of the head seat 61 of the ball joint 6 to be tested in a single test is μ=2m Rotation /(d k P), where M Rotation P.L/2, L is the distance from the position of the push-pull rod 52 in contact with the horizontal force sensor 53 to the center of rotation of the push-pull rod 52, d k The ball diameter of the ball head of the ball joint 6 to be measured. The above process is continuously repeated for three times, and the average value of the results obtained in three times is obtained, namely the static friction coefficient between the ball head seat 61 and the ball head screw 62 of the ball joint 6 to be detected.
Example 3 of the spherical hinge frictional wear performance tester provided in the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, the spherical hinge clamp 3 includes a sleeve 31, and both ends of the sleeve 31 are connected with an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate, respectively. In this embodiment, the spherical hinge clamp is a supporting column, two ends of the supporting column are respectively connected with the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, bolt mounting holes are correspondingly formed in the two mounting plates and the supporting column, and the ball screw rods of the two spherical hinges to be tested are respectively assembled with the two mounting plates and the supporting column in a spiral manner.
Example 4 of the spherical hinge frictional wear property tester provided in the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, ball screws 62 of ball joints 6 to be tested are fixed on mounting plates at both ends of a sleeve. In this embodiment, two ends of the sleeve are fixedly connected with the upper mounting rod and the lower mounting rod respectively, and ball screw holes are formed in the two mounting rods for the ball screw of the ball hinge to be tested to pass through.
Example 5 of the spherical hinge frictional wear property tester provided in the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, the side surfaces of the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate facing the sleeve 31 are provided with a limit groove 331. In this embodiment, no limiting groove is provided on both mounting plates.
Example 6 of the spherical hinge frictional wear property tester provided in the present invention:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, an environmental tank 7 is mounted on a support base 1 by an environmental tank bracket 12. In this embodiment, the environmental box support is not provided, the environmental box is directly mounted on the support base, and a heat insulating material is provided between the environmental box and the support base.
Example 7 of the spherical hinge frictional wear test performance tester provided in the present invention:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, the spherical hinge clamp 3 is located in an environmental box 7. In this embodiment, however, no environmental box is provided.
Example 8 of the spherical hinge frictional wear property tester provided in the present invention:
the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in embodiment 2, the horizontal loading cylinder 51 drives the push-pull rod 52 to rotate, so as to drive the ball screw 62 of the ball joint 6 to be tested to rotate. In this embodiment, a motor support is arranged on the support base, a motor is arranged on the motor support, a driving gear is fixedly arranged at the output end of the motor, a driven gear is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the winding sleeve, the driving gear is connected with the driven gear through chain transmission, and a chain perforation is arranged on the side wall of the environment box. When the motor is started, the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate, and then drives the ball screw of the ball hinge to be tested to rotate.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the patent protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a ball pivot friction wear performance test machine which characterized in that includes:
the spherical hinge clamp (3) comprises a sleeve, an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate are correspondingly fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the sleeve, and upper and lower connecting structures which are vertically symmetrical are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower mounting plates and are respectively fixedly connected with a spherical head screw rod (62) of a spherical hinge (6) to be tested;
the support base (1) is provided with a bearing seat (11), and the top of the bearing seat (11) is provided with a bearing friction surface (112) which is used for being matched with a ball seat (61) of a ball hinge (6) to be detected at the lower side of the ball hinge clamp (3);
the loading frame (2) is arranged on the supporting base (1), a vertical loading device (4) is arranged on the loading frame, a loading head (21) is arranged on the vertical loading device (4) and is used for applying downward test load to the ball seat (61) of the ball hinge (6) to be tested, which is fixed above the ball hinge clamp (3), and an upper friction surface (212) is arranged at the bottom of the loading head (21) and is used for being matched with the ball seat (61) of the ball hinge (6) to be tested, which is arranged on the upper side of the ball hinge clamp (3);
the horizontal loading device (5) is used for driving the spherical hinge clamp (3) to move left and right in the horizontal direction; or the ball joint clamp (3) is driven to rotate along the central axis of the ball joint clamp, so that friction is generated between the ball head of the ball joint (6) to be tested and the ball head seat (61);
a vertical force sensor (42) for detecting the pressing force of the vertical loading device (4) on the spherical hinge (6) to be detected;
and the horizontal force sensor (53) is used for detecting the horizontal force applied by the horizontal loading device (5) to the spherical hinge clamp (3).
2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal loading device (5) is connected to the sleeve (31).
3. The machine according to claim 2, wherein the upper mounting plate (32) is fixed to an upper end surface of the sleeve (31) by a bolt, and the lower mounting plate (33) is fixed to a lower end surface of the sleeve (31) by a bolt.
4. A machine for testing frictional wear performance of a spherical hinge according to claim 3, wherein the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are provided with limit grooves (331) on one side facing the sleeve (31), and both ends of the sleeve (31) are respectively embedded into the corresponding limit grooves (331) to realize radial positioning.
5. The machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an environmental chamber (7), wherein the environmental chamber (7) is fixedly mounted on the support base (1) by an environmental chamber bracket (12), the spherical hinge clamp (3) is located in the environmental chamber (7), the upper end of the bearing seat (11) extends upward into the environmental chamber (7), and the loading head (21) extends downward into the environmental chamber (7).
6. The machine according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of sensor mounting holes (71) are provided in a side wall of the environmental chamber (7) for mounting a plurality of temperature sensors (72).
7. The machine according to claim 6, wherein the bearing seat (11), the loading head (21), and the ball seat (61) and the ball screw (62) of the ball hinge (6) to be tested are respectively provided with corresponding temperature sensors (72).
8. The machine according to claim 5, wherein an upper heating ring (9) is arranged above the environmental box (7), the loading head (21) passes through the upper heating ring (9), and a heat insulation structure is arranged above the upper heating ring (9) on the outer peripheral surface of the loading head (21); the lower heating ring (91) is arranged below the environment box (7), the bearing seat (11) penetrates through the lower heating ring (91), and a heat insulation structure is arranged below the lower heating ring (91) on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing seat (11).
9. The machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer circumferential surface of the loading head (21) and/or the outer circumferential surface of the bearing seat (11) are provided with annular grooves, and the heat insulation structure is formed by the annular grooves.
10. The friction and wear performance testing machine for the spherical hinge according to claim 5, wherein a push-pull rod (52) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the spherical hinge clamp (3) at the middle position in the up-down direction, and the push-pull rod (52) extends in the horizontal direction; the side surface of the environment box (7) is provided with an avoidance hole, and the push-pull rod (52) passes through the avoidance hole and is connected with the horizontal loading device (5).
11. The utility model provides a ball pivot friction wear performance test machine which characterized in that includes:
the spherical hinge clamp (3) comprises an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate which are correspondingly fixed at the upper end and the lower end of a support column along the support column, wherein upper and lower connecting structures which are vertically symmetrical are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower mounting plates, and are respectively fixedly connected with a spherical head screw rod (62) of a spherical hinge (6) to be tested;
the support base (1) is provided with a bearing seat (11), and the top of the bearing seat (11) is provided with a bearing friction surface (112) which is used for being matched with a ball seat (61) of a ball hinge (6) to be detected at the lower side of the ball hinge clamp (3);
the loading frame (2) is arranged on the supporting base (1), a vertical loading device (4) is arranged on the loading frame, a loading head (21) is arranged on the vertical loading device (4) and is used for applying downward test load to the ball seat (61) of the ball hinge (6) to be tested, which is fixed above the ball hinge clamp (3), and an upper friction surface (212) is arranged at the bottom of the loading head (21) and is used for being matched with the ball seat (61) of the ball hinge (6) to be tested, which is arranged on the upper side of the ball hinge clamp (3);
the horizontal loading device (5) is used for driving the spherical hinge clamp (3) to move left and right in the horizontal direction; or the ball joint clamp (3) is driven to rotate along the central axis of the ball joint clamp, so that friction is generated between the ball head of the ball joint (6) to be tested and the ball head seat (61);
a vertical force sensor (42) for detecting the pressing force of the vertical loading device (4) on the spherical hinge (6) to be detected;
and the horizontal force sensor (53) is used for detecting the horizontal force applied by the horizontal loading device (5) to the spherical hinge clamp (3).
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| CN202110951088.5A CN113670758B (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2021-08-18 | Spherical hinge friction and wear performance testing machine |
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| CN113670758B true CN113670758B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| SU970188A1 (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1982-10-30 | Предприятие П/Я В-8772 | Stand for testing ball-type joints |
| JP2001141631A (en) * | 1999-11-16 | 2001-05-25 | Takachiho Seiki Kk | Friction abrasion tester |
| CN105675425A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-15 | 宁波拓普集团股份有限公司 | Abrasion testing tool of spherical hinge |
| CN108051328A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-05-18 | 吉林大学 | A kind of multifunction friction wear testing machine secondary based on the friction of pin disk and its test method |
| CN209858207U (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-12-27 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Testing device for friction pair of ball-and-socket joint of robot |
| CN112730128A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-30 | 河南科技大学 | Low-temperature multifunctional high-precision aerospace bearing material friction performance simulation testing machine |
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2021
- 2021-08-18 CN CN202110951088.5A patent/CN113670758B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU970188A1 (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1982-10-30 | Предприятие П/Я В-8772 | Stand for testing ball-type joints |
| JP2001141631A (en) * | 1999-11-16 | 2001-05-25 | Takachiho Seiki Kk | Friction abrasion tester |
| CN105675425A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-15 | 宁波拓普集团股份有限公司 | Abrasion testing tool of spherical hinge |
| CN108051328A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-05-18 | 吉林大学 | A kind of multifunction friction wear testing machine secondary based on the friction of pin disk and its test method |
| CN209858207U (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-12-27 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Testing device for friction pair of ball-and-socket joint of robot |
| CN112730128A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-30 | 河南科技大学 | Low-temperature multifunctional high-precision aerospace bearing material friction performance simulation testing machine |
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| CN113670758A (en) | 2021-11-19 |
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