Testing device for automobile hub bearing load friction torque
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing testing, in particular to a device for testing the load friction torque of an automobile hub bearing.
Background
At present, the friction torque of an automobile hub bearing is a part which has a large influence on the energy-saving performance of the whole automobile, and the friction torque change condition of the hub bearing in the bearing and running of the whole automobile cannot be reflected by a conventional friction torque detection method without a load, so a testing device with the load is needed.
In the prior art, the device generally comprises an experimental bearing tool, a driving shaft for driving the experimental bearing, a radial load assembly and a detection piece for detecting friction torque, wherein an inner ring of the experimental bearing is arranged on the driving shaft, an outer ring of the experimental bearing tool is connected with a shell of the experimental bearing tool, the radial load of the bearing pushes a lower bottom plate connected with a radial load sensor through a radial loading cylinder, and an air floatation block is arranged on the lower bottom plate and drives the upper bottom plate to apply force to the shell of the tool; the friction coefficient of the contact between the upper bottom plate and the air flotation block is far smaller than that of the hub bearing unit, when a driving shaft (a bearing inner ring) rotates, the friction force of a bearing rolling body and a sealing ring drives an outer ring (an outer flange) arranged on the outer diameter of a tool shell to rotate together, a force arm pull wire is arranged on the tool shell and connected with a force sensor, the force is measured, and the friction torque is calculated according to the force arm.
The above prior art has the disadvantages of 1) not being able to apply an axial load; 2) the connection coaxiality error of the tool shell and the bearing outer ring influences the measurement result; 3) the contact position of the tool shell and the upper bottom plate reduces the sensitivity and precision of measurement due to elastic contact deformation or generated plastic deformation; 4) the diameter of the tool shell is not equal to that of the wheel, and the axial component force (bending moment) generated when radial load is applied is different from the actual working condition of the bearing, so that real simulation cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for testing the load friction torque of an automobile hub bearing, which can apply radial load and axial load, accurately measure the characteristic of the friction torque of the hub bearing under the simulation working condition of an automobile hub bearing unit, and has reasonable tool structure design, so that the product model can be conveniently and quickly replaced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a testing device for automobile hub bearing load friction torque comprises a bearing tool to be tested, a driving assembly for driving the bearing to be tested, a radial load assembly, a detection piece for detecting the friction torque, and an axial load assembly, wherein the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a mandrel, a radial air bearing, an axial bearing seat and a mandrel seat, the axial bearing seat and the bearing tool to be tested are respectively connected with two ends of the mandrel, the axial air bearing is arranged on the axial bearing seat, the mandrel seat is wrapped on the outer side of the periphery of the mandrel, the radial air bearing is arranged between the mandrel and the mandrel seat, the driving motor and the mandrel are connected through a coupler and a torque sensor which are arranged between the axial bearing seat and the mandrel seat to form linkage arrangement, a torque sensor forms the detection piece, a loading connector is arranged on the side edge of the bearing tool to be tested, and the radial load assembly and the axial, the loading connector is connected with the bearing tool to be tested through the bearing to be tested.
In the technical scheme, an inner ring of a bearing to be tested is connected with a mandrel through a bearing tool to be tested, an outer ring of the bearing to be tested is connected with a loading connector, a radial load assembly and an axial load assembly are both connected with the loading connector, the radial load assembly and the axial load assembly apply load to the bearing to be tested through the loading connector, a mandrel seat wraps the outer side of the periphery of the mandrel and is used for fixing a radial air bearing, the radial direction of the mandrel is supported by the radial air bearing, the axial direction of the mandrel is supported by the axial air bearing, a machine base is arranged below the mandrel and is used for installing various components, the mandrel seat can be arranged on a base, a driving motor, a coupler, a torque sensor and the mandrel are sequentially connected, the driving motor drives the mandrel to rotate, the mandrel drives the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to rotate, and the generated additional torque can be ignored due to the small friction coefficient of, the defect that only radial load can be applied in the prior art is overcome, the measurement result is influenced by the connection coaxiality error of the tool shell and the bearing outer ring to be measured in the prior art, and the sensitivity and the precision of measurement are reduced at the contact position of the tool shell and the upper base plate due to elastic contact deformation or generated plastic deformation.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the radial air bearing is an arc air bearing, and the axial air bearing is a plane air bearing.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, arc air supporting bearing and the laminating of the outer peripheral face of dabber, axial air supporting bearing sets up on the axial bearing seat, reduces the dabber at radial and ascending additional power in the axial, avoids influencing the friction torque of the bearing that awaits measuring and detects, improves and detects the precision.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the axial air bearing sets are respectively arranged on two end faces of the axial bearing block facing the driving motor and the mandrel to form axial air bearing sets, at least two axial air bearing sets are arranged on the axial bearing block, the radial air bearing sets are at least formed by uniformly distributing two radial air bearing sets along the circumferential direction of the mandrel, and at least two radial air bearing sets are arranged on the mandrel.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, axial air bearing sets up the both sides at the axial bearing frame, and preferred radial air bearing is two sets of, and every group includes four radial air bearing, and axial air bearing is two sets of, and every group includes two axial air bearing does, makes the dabber can bear radial and two-way axial load, reasonable in design, improves and detects the precision.
As a further arrangement of the present invention, the axial load assembly includes an axial loading cylinder, a spoke type weighing sensor, an axial loading seat and an axial loading arm, the axial loading cylinder is connected to the spoke type weighing sensor, the spoke type weighing sensor is connected to the axial loading seat through a sensor connecting member, and the axial loading seat is connected to the loading connecting body through the axial loading arm.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, simple structure, convenient connection and loading make the transmission of power more accurate.
As a further arrangement of the invention, a connecting shaft penetrates through one end of the axial loading seat, a joint bearing is arranged between the connecting shaft and the axial loading seat, the inner ring and the outer ring of the joint bearing are respectively in interference fit with the connecting shaft and the axial loading seat, one end of the sensor connecting piece is connected with the spoke type weighing sensor, two gaps for erecting the connecting shaft are arranged at the other end of the sensor connecting piece, and pressing plates for preventing the connecting shaft from falling off the gaps are arranged at the two corresponding sides of the sensor connecting piece.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, joint bearing's inside and outside circle is connected in order to eliminate the clearance with connecting axle and axial loading seat interference fit respectively, during the installation, arranges the both ends of connecting axle in the breach, then utilizes the clamp plate to prevent that the connecting axle from deviating from the breach, and joint bearing installation clearance has been eliminated in this design, can eliminate because the vibration that the clearance caused to improve the control accuracy of testing machine, it is more convenient to assemble, tear open.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the pressure plates are rotatably arranged on the sensor connecting piece, the two pressure plates are connected through a hinge shaft penetrating through the sensor connecting piece, an annular groove is arranged at the position, corresponding to the pressure plates, of the hinge shaft, a check ring for preventing the pressure plates from being separated from the hinge shaft is sleeved on the annular groove, and an adjusting bolt for limiting the rotating angle of the pressure plates is also arranged on the sensor connecting piece.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, clamp plate and sensor connecting piece normal running fit, the setting of retaining ring can prevent that the clamp plate from deviating from along the axial of articulated shaft, adjusting bolt's tip and the turned angle of clamp plate butt restriction clamp plate, when adjusting bolt screwed up, clamp plate and connecting axle butt avoid the connecting axle to fall out from the breach, the breach can be with the semicircular groove of connecting axle adaptation, when needs are dismantled, unscrew adjusting bolt, make the clamp plate rotate, make things convenient for the connecting axle to dismantle, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, simple to operate.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the pressing plate is positioned on the circumferential side edge of the connecting shaft, a concave cavity matched with the connecting shaft is arranged on the side surface of the pressing plate facing the connecting shaft, the inner wall of the concave cavity can be abutted against the end surface and the upper circumferential surface of the connecting shaft, and a clamping cavity for placing the connecting shaft is formed between the inner wall of the concave cavity and the inner wall of the notch.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, loosen adjusting bolt, put into the breach of sensor connecting piece with the connecting axle, then tighten adjusting bolt, make the cavity cover establish on the connecting axle, connect stably, simple structure.
As a further arrangement of the invention, at least two strip-shaped holes are arranged at the other end of the axial loading seat, the two strip-shaped holes are symmetrically and vertically arranged, the axial loading seat and the axial loading arm are connected through screws penetrating through the strip-shaped holes, and the screws can guide and move along the strip-shaped holes.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of bar hole is for the relative position between convenient regulation axial loading seat and the axial loading arm, removes to the position that needs after, through the screw-up fixed, avoids axial load subassembly to apply radial additional force to the loading connector, makes the detection accuracy higher.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the axial loading seat is connected with an adjusting screw, one end of the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the axial loading seat, the other end of the adjusting screw penetrates through a stop block fixed on the axial loading arm to form a rotating end, the rotating end is provided with two convex rings, the two convex rings are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the stop block to realize axial limiting matching of the adjusting screw and the stop block, and the rotation of the adjusting screw can drive the axial loading seat to move along the strip-shaped hole in a guiding manner.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, adjusting screw's setting is for the position of conveniently adjusting axial loading seat, and the dog forms the spacing cooperation of circumferential direction cooperation and axial with adjusting screw, utilizes keeping away from of lead screw, and it is convenient to adjust, simple structure.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the loading connector comprises an upper connector connected with the radial load assembly and a lower connector connected with the axial load assembly, the upper connector and the lower connector are hinged, the upper connector or the lower connector is connected with a connecting plate connected with an outer ring of the bearing to be tested, and the connecting plate and the upper connector or the lower connector form a detachable connection.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, but go up connector and lower connector relative rotation, and the connector is cavity setting, the installation of the bearing that awaits measuring of convenience like this, during the installation, the bearing that awaits measuring passes the well cavity of connector, makes its inner circle be connected with the bearing frock that awaits measuring, then the connecting plate passes through the screw to be connected with the outer lane of the bearing that awaits measuring, the connecting plate passes through the screw again and is connected with lower connector, realize the purpose that the connector is connected with the outer lane of the bearing that awaits measuring, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, save.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic partial structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a partial block diagram of an axial load assembly in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of an axial loading seat in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a sensor connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial block diagram of an axial load assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1-7, a device for testing the load friction torque of an automobile hub bearing, comprises a bearing tool 1 to be tested, a driving component 2 for driving the bearing to be tested, a radial load component 3, a detection piece 4 for detecting the friction torque, and an axial load component 5, wherein the driving component 2 comprises a driving motor 21, a mandrel 22, a radial air bearing 23, an axial air bearing 24, an axial bearing seat 25 and a mandrel seat 26, the axial bearing seat 25 and the bearing tool 1 to be tested are respectively connected at two ends of the mandrel 22, the axial air bearing 24 is arranged on the axial bearing seat 25, the mandrel seat 26 is wrapped at the outer side of the periphery of the mandrel 22, the radial air bearing 23 is positioned between the mandrel 22 and the mandrel seat 26, the driving motor 21 and the mandrel 22 are connected through a coupler 27 and a torque sensor 4 arranged between the two and form linkage arrangement, the torque sensor 4 constitutes the detection piece 4, the side of the bearing frock 1 that awaits measuring is provided with the loading connector 6, and radial load subassembly 3 and axial load subassembly 5 all are connected with the loading connector 6, and the loading connector 6 is connected through the bearing that awaits measuring with the bearing frock 1 that awaits measuring. An inner ring of a bearing to be tested is connected with a mandrel 22 through a bearing tool 1 to be tested, an outer ring of the bearing to be tested is connected with a loading connector 6, a radial load component 3 and an axial load component 5 are both connected with the loading connector 6, the radial load component 3 and the axial load component 5 apply load to the bearing to be tested through the loading connector 6, a mandrel seat 26 is wrapped on the outer side of the periphery of the mandrel 22 and used for fixing a radial air bearing 23, the radial direction of the mandrel 22 is supported by the radial air bearing 23, the axial direction of the mandrel 22 is supported by an axial air bearing 24, a machine base 01 is arranged below the mandrel 22 and used for installing various components, the mandrel seat 26 can be installed on a base, a driving motor 21, a coupler 27, a torque sensor 4 and the mandrel 22 are sequentially connected, the driving motor 21 drives the mandrel 22 to rotate, the mandrel 22 drives the inner, the additional moment that produces can be ignored, therefore the friction moment of the bearing that awaits measuring can be directly surveyed by torque sensor 4 through dabber 22, the shortcoming that can only apply radial load among the prior art has been overcome, it will influence the measuring result to have the frock shell among the prior art and the bearing outer lane connection axiality error that awaits measuring, frock shell and upper plate contact department, because contact elastic deformation or the plastic deformation who produces will reduce measuring sensitivity and precision, various defects of prior art have been overcome completely in this design, complete machine design is rational in infrastructure, can simulate the live of the work of the bearing that awaits measuring, it is more accurate to detect.
The radial air bearing 23 is an arc air bearing, and the axial air bearing 24 is a plane air bearing. The arc-shaped air bearing is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 22, the axial air bearing 24 is arranged on the axial bearing seat 25, the additional force of the mandrel 22 in the radial direction and the axial direction is reduced, the friction torque detection of the bearing to be detected is prevented from being influenced, and the detection precision is improved.
The axial air-floating bearings 24 are respectively arranged on two end faces of the axial bearing seat 25 facing the driving motor 21 and the mandrel 22 to form an axial air-floating bearing group, at least two axial air-floating bearing groups are arranged on the axial bearing seat 25, the radial air-floating bearings 23 are at least two radial air-floating bearing groups which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the mandrel 22, and at least two radial air-floating bearing groups are arranged on the mandrel 22. The axial air bearings 24 are arranged on two sides of the axial bearing seat 25, the preferred radial air bearings 23 are two groups, each group comprises four radial air bearings 23, the axial air bearings 24 are two groups, and each group comprises two axial air bearings 24, so that the mandrel 22 can bear radial and bidirectional axial loads, the design is reasonable, and the detection precision is improved.
The axial load assembly 5 comprises an axial loading cylinder 51, a spoke type weighing sensor 52, an axial loading seat 53 and an axial loading arm 54, wherein the axial loading cylinder 51 is connected with the spoke type weighing sensor 52, the spoke type weighing sensor 52 is connected with the axial loading seat 53 through a sensor connecting piece 55, and the axial loading seat 53 is connected with the loading connecting body 6 through the axial loading arm 54. Simple structure, convenient connection and loading make the transmission of power more accurate.
A connecting shaft 531 is arranged at one end of the axial loading seat 53 in a penetrating manner, a joint bearing 532 is arranged between the connecting shaft 531 and the axial loading seat 53, the inner ring and the outer ring of the joint bearing 532 are respectively in interference fit with the connecting shaft 531 and the axial loading seat 53, one end of the sensor connecting piece 55 is connected with the spoke type weighing sensor 52, two notches 551 for erecting the connecting shaft 531 are arranged at the other end of the sensor connecting piece 55, and pressing plates 552 for preventing the connecting shaft 531 from dropping from the notches 551 are arranged at the two corresponding sides of the sensor connecting piece 55. The inner ring and the outer ring of the knuckle bearing 532 are respectively connected with the connecting shaft 531 and the axial loading seat 53 in an interference fit mode to eliminate gaps, during installation, two ends of the connecting shaft 531 are placed in the notch 551, then the connecting shaft 531 is prevented from being separated from the notch 551 through the pressing plate 552, the installation gap of the knuckle bearing 532 is eliminated through the design, vibration caused by the gaps can be eliminated, the control precision of the testing machine is improved, and the assembly and disassembly are more convenient.
The pressure plate 552 is rotatably disposed on the sensor connector 55, the two pressure plates 552 are connected by a hinge shaft 553 passing through the sensor connector 55, an annular groove is disposed at a position on the hinge shaft 553 corresponding to the pressure plate 552, a retainer ring 554 preventing the pressure plate 552 from coming off the hinge shaft 553 is sleeved on the annular groove, and an adjusting bolt 555 for limiting a rotation angle of the pressure plate 552 is further disposed on the sensor connector 55. Pressing plate 552 and sensor connector 55 normal running fit, setting up of retaining ring 554 can prevent that pressing plate 552 from deviating from along the axial of articulated shaft 553, adjusting bolt 555's tip and pressing plate 552 butt restriction pressing plate 552 turned angle, when adjusting bolt 555 screws up, pressing plate 552 and connecting axle 531 butt, avoid connecting axle 531 to fall out from breach 551, breach 551 can be with the semicircular groove of connecting axle 531 adaptation, when needs are dismantled, unscrew adjusting bolt 555, make pressing plate 552 can rotate, make things convenient for connecting axle 531 to dismantle, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, high durability and convenient installation.
The pressing plate 552 is located on the circumferential side edge of the connecting shaft 531, a concave cavity 5521 matched with the connecting shaft 531 is formed in the side face, facing the connecting shaft 531, of the pressing plate 552, the inner wall of the concave cavity 5521 can be abutted to the end face and the upper circumferential face of the connecting shaft 531, and a clamping cavity for placing the connecting shaft 531 is formed between the inner wall of the concave cavity 5521 and the inner wall of the notch 551. The adjusting bolt 555 is loosened, the connecting shaft 531 is placed in the notch 551 of the sensor connecting piece 55, and then the adjusting bolt 555 is screwed, so that the cavity 5521 is covered on the connecting shaft 531, the connection is stable, and the structure is simple.
At least two strip-shaped holes 533 are formed in the other end of the axial loading base 53, the two strip-shaped holes 533 are symmetrically and vertically arranged, the axial loading base 53 and the axial loading arm 54 are connected through a screw 534 penetrating through the strip-shaped holes 533, and the screw 534 can move along the strip-shaped holes 533 in a guiding manner. The strip-shaped hole 533 is arranged to facilitate adjustment of the relative position between the axial loading seat 53 and the axial loading arm 54, and after the axial loading seat is moved to a required position, the axial loading seat is fixed by tightening the screw 534, so that the axial loading assembly 5 is prevented from applying a radial additional force to the loading connector 6, and the detection precision is higher.
The axial loading seat 53 is connected with an adjusting screw 535, one end of the adjusting screw 535 is in threaded connection with the axial loading seat 53, the other end of the adjusting screw 535 penetrates through a stop 541 fixed on the axial loading arm 54 to form a rotating end 5351, the rotating end 5351 is provided with two convex rings 5352, the two convex rings 5352 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the stop 541 to realize the axial limiting fit of the adjusting screw 535 and the stop 541, and the rotation of the adjusting screw 535 can drive the axial loading seat 53 to move along the strip-shaped hole 533 in a guiding manner. The adjusting screw 535 is arranged to adjust the position of the axial loading seat 53 conveniently, the stopper 541 and the adjusting screw 535 form circumferential rotation fit and axial limit fit, and the adjustment is convenient and simple in structure by utilizing the distance of the screw rod.
The loading connector 6 comprises an upper connector 61 connected with the radial load component 3 and a lower connector 62 connected with the axial load component 5, the upper connector 61 and the lower connector 62 are hinged, a connecting plate 63 connected with an outer ring of a bearing to be tested is connected to the upper connector 61 or the lower connector 62, and the connecting plate 63 and the upper connector 61 or the lower connector 62 form detachable connection. But go up connector 61 and lower connector 62 relative rotation, and the connector is cavity setting, the installation of the bearing that awaits measuring of convenience like this, during the installation, the bearing that awaits measuring passes the well cavity of connector, makes its inner circle be connected with the bearing frock 1 that awaits measuring, then connecting plate 63 passes through the screw and is connected with the outer lane of the bearing that awaits measuring, connecting plate 63 rethread screw is connected with lower connector 62, realize the purpose that the connector is connected with the outer lane of the bearing that awaits measuring, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, save the assemble duration, and the detection.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in other embodiments according to the disclosure of the present invention, or make simple changes or modifications on the design structure and idea of the present invention, and fall into the protection scope of the present invention.