CN113669384B - Full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake - Google Patents
Full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake Download PDFInfo
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- CN113669384B CN113669384B CN202111223877.3A CN202111223877A CN113669384B CN 113669384 B CN113669384 B CN 113669384B CN 202111223877 A CN202111223877 A CN 202111223877A CN 113669384 B CN113669384 B CN 113669384B
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
- F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D65/84—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes
- F16D65/847—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with open cooling system, e.g. cooled by air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
- F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
- F16D66/026—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating different degrees of lining wear
- F16D66/027—Sensors therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
- F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
- F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake, which comprises a brake shell, a piston shell and a disc spring supporting cover, wherein the piston shell and the disc spring supporting cover are sequentially and fixedly arranged at the rear end of the brake shell through fasteners; a disc spring adjusting pad is arranged between the front end of the disc spring assembly and the piston, a shell adjusting pad is arranged between the brake shell and the piston shell, and the disc spring adjusting pad and the piston shell are adjusted in thickness to be suitable for compensating abrasion of the friction plate set. The invention has good integrity and high braking efficiency, can adjust the magnitude of the parking braking force in various ways according to the requirement in practical use without redesign, has simple structural design and low manufacturing cost, can adapt to different vehicle types and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, in particular to a full-disc multi-disc dry type adjustable parking brake.
Background
The parking brake, generally referred to as a hand brake installed on a motor vehicle, is used for stabilizing the vehicle after the vehicle is stopped stably, so as to avoid accidents caused by vehicle sliding when the vehicle is stopped on a slope road surface, and meanwhile, when the service braking efficiency is invalid, the parking brake can be temporarily used or matched with a service brake for emergency braking.
Most are floating type line parking clamp in the existing market, and the general structure is more complicated, and transmission part is more, and axial dimension is longer. The power and compensation mechanism is from one side, and the other side is passively attached and compensated. The full-disc multi-disc dry-type parking brake generally adopts a plurality of groups of cylindrical spiral springs to provide parking braking force, has high requirement on the consistency of the springs, and cannot adjust the size of the parking braking force after being used. For example, in chinese patent "a multi-disc dry brake" with publication number CN204900607U, multiple sets of cylindrical coil springs are used to provide parking braking force, although the parking braking force is increased, the cost is increased, and it is necessary to ensure the consistency of the sizes and the stiffness of all the springs, otherwise, the parking braking force is not stable, the parking braking force is not uniform, and the parking braking force cannot be adjusted after the design of the spring parameters is completed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake can be used for adjusting the parking braking force in various ways according to the needs without redesign, has simple structural design and low manufacturing cost, can ensure stable parking braking force, is suitable for different vehicle types and has wide application prospect.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
a full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake comprises a brake shell, a piston shell and a disc spring supporting cover, wherein the piston shell and the disc spring supporting cover are sequentially and fixedly installed at the rear end of the brake shell through fasteners; a disc spring adjusting pad is arranged between the front end of the disc spring assembly and the piston, a shell adjusting pad is arranged between the brake shell and the piston shell, the fastener penetrates through the shell adjusting pad, an opening matched with the fastener is formed in the shell adjusting pad, the fastener is unscrewed but not unscrewed, and the shell adjusting pad can be separated from the fastener through the opening; the abrasion of the friction plate set is suitable for being compensated by adjusting the thickness of the disc spring adjusting pad and/or the thickness of the shell adjusting pad; the piston shell is also provided with an adjusting bolt screwed into the disc spring supporting cover; the disc spring assembly comprises a plurality of disc springs which are mutually involutory or overlapped; and a sealing ring and a wear-resistant support ring are respectively arranged between the front part and the rear part of the piston and the piston shell, and the peripheral surface of the wear-resistant support ring is provided with an annular ring made of an elastomer material.
Furthermore, the friction plate group comprises a plurality of annular first steel plates which are uniformly distributed along the transverse direction, and a return spring is arranged between the adjacent first steel plates and is coaxially provided with an annular friction plate; one of the first steel sheet or the friction sheet is movably connected with the brake shell along the axial direction, and the inner ring of the other one is provided with a spline.
Furthermore, be equipped with first pinhole on the stopper casing, the last second pinhole that corresponds of being equipped with of piston casing, be equipped with the guide pin axle around running through on the periphery of first steel sheet or friction disc, the one end of guide pin axle is inserted in the first pinhole, and the other end inserts in the second pinhole to realize being connected of first steel sheet or friction disc and stopper casing, inject first steel sheet or friction disc simultaneously and can only follow axial displacement, guarantee braking stability.
Furthermore, the friction plate comprises a second steel sheet and friction blocks symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two sides of the second steel sheet, and the friction blocks are fixedly connected with the second steel sheet in an integral sintering or bonding mode.
Furthermore, the friction plate comprises a second steel sheet, a friction block back plate and rivets, wherein the friction block and the friction block back plate are fixedly connected through sintering or bonding and then are symmetrically riveted to two sides of the second steel sheet through the rivets.
Furthermore, an annular groove is formed in the rear portion of the piston, and the disc spring assembly is mounted in the annular groove after being pre-compressed; and the piston shell is provided with an adjusting bolt screwed into the disc spring support cover.
Further, the disc spring assembly comprises a plurality of disc springs which are mutually involutory or overlapped.
Furthermore, a plurality of abrasion monitoring ports are uniformly distributed on the disc spring supporting cover, and the abrasion monitoring ports are suitable for mounting a displacement sensor and a mechanical abrasion measuring tool or leading in a caliper.
Furthermore, the rear end face of the piston is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the abrasion monitoring port, the mechanical abrasion measuring tool adopts an identification screw rod which penetrates through the abrasion monitoring port and is screwed into the threaded hole, when the head of the other end of the identification screw rod is close to the disc spring supporting cover, the identification screw rod indicates that the abrasion reaches the limit, and the mechanical abrasion measuring tool is required to be replaced in time, so that the mechanical abrasion measuring tool is more intuitive, convenient and fast, and does not need to be stopped for measurement.
Furthermore, a plurality of square through grooves communicated with the cavity are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the brake shell.
Furthermore, the peripheral surface of the piston shell is provided with a release valve and a plurality of oil inlets which are communicated with the cavity.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts the integral piston, provides parking braking force by arranging the disc spring assembly to replace a plurality of groups of traditional cylindrical spiral springs, has good integrity, completely converts the disc spring pressing force into the parking braking force, is not consumed by other parts, has high braking efficiency, simple structural design and low manufacturing cost, and can ensure that stable and uniform parking braking force is provided; in actual use, the parking braking force can be adjusted by selecting disc spring assemblies with different rigidity and structures and friction plate groups with different numbers according to requirements without redesigning, so that the parking braking force adjusting device is suitable for different vehicle types and has wide application prospect; in addition, wear of the friction plate set is compensated by arranging the disc spring adjusting pad and the shell adjusting pad, so that the braking torque after the friction plate set is worn is changed, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the parking stability is improved.
(2) The friction plate set comprises the first steel plates and the friction plates, the return springs are arranged between the adjacent first steel plates, and when parking is relieved, the return springs push the first steel plates open, so that the friction plates are prevented from being attached to the first steel plates to cause drag grinding, the service life of the friction plate set is prolonged, and noise is avoided; meanwhile, the inner ring of the first steel sheet or the friction sheet is provided with a spline which is convenient to be fixedly connected with an output shaft of a motor of the automobile driving wheel, when the first steel sheet is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor, the friction sheet is connected with the brake shell, and when the friction sheet is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor, the first steel sheet is connected with the brake shell, so that braking is realized.
(3) The friction plate provided by the invention has two structures, different use requirements are met, the friction block is fixedly connected with the second steel sheet in an integral sintering or bonding mode to form an integral friction plate structure, the performance is stable, and the production cost is low; the friction block and the friction block back plate are sintered or bonded and then riveted on the second steel sheet to form the structure of the integral friction plate, and the integral friction plate is particularly suitable for the use requirements of the integral friction plate with limited equipment and large size although the cost is high.
(4) The rear part of the piston is provided with an annular groove which provides an installation space for the pre-compressed disc spring assembly together with the disc spring support cover; through setting up adjusting bolt, be convenient for change casing adjustment pad.
(5) The disc spring assembly comprises a plurality of disc springs, and adjacent disc springs are combined in a mutual involution or superposition mode, so that different parking brake design requirements are met, and the realization of a series of products is facilitated. When the piston stroke needs to be increased, the involution mode is adopted, and the compression amount is doubled under the condition of the same force; when the rigidity needs to be increased, the folding mode is adopted, and the rigidity is doubled under the condition of the same compression amount.
(6) The disc spring support cover is uniformly provided with a plurality of abrasion monitoring ports, the stroke of the piston can be checked by installing a displacement sensor, a mechanical abrasion measuring tool or introducing a caliper, the abrasion condition of the friction plate can be indirectly measured, and the disc spring support cover can be adjusted or replaced in time.
(7) The piston and the piston shell adopt a combined sealing structure, comprise the sealing ring and the wear-resistant support ring, have the functions of sealing and supporting, greatly reduce the axial size, have a more compact integral structure, and are suitable for occasions with limited space.
(8) The square through groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the brake shell, so that the brake shell can be used for circulating air to dissipate heat, can be emptied and ground in time, avoids unbalance loading and ensures that no clamping stagnation exists between friction pairs.
(9) The plurality of oil inlets are formed in the peripheral surface of the piston shell, so that oil inlet under different phases is guaranteed, when parking is relieved, hydraulic oil pushes the piston to press the disc spring assembly tightly, the friction pair is loosened, and the motor rotates freely.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a front view of embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of the friction plate set in accordance with embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part of the friction plate according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a disc spring assembly according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the measurement of example 1 when it is unworn;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the measurement in the presence of wear in example 1;
fig. 8 is a perspective view of a brake housing of embodiment 1;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a part of the friction plate according to embodiment 3;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a disc spring assembly according to embodiment 4;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of wear measurement of example 5.
The reference numbers in the drawings are: the brake comprises a brake shell 1, a square through groove 1-1, a fastening piece 2, a piston shell 3, a disc spring supporting cover 4, a friction plate group 5, a first steel sheet 5-1, a return spring 5-2, a friction plate 5-3, a second steel sheet 5-3-1, a friction block 5-3-2, a friction block back plate 5-3-3, a rivet 5-3-4, a piston 6, an annular groove 6-1, a disc spring assembly 7, a sealing ring 8, a wear-resisting supporting ring 9, a guide pin shaft 10, a disc spring adjusting pad 11, a shell adjusting pad 12, an adjusting bolt 13, a wear monitoring port 14, a vent valve 15, an oil inlet 16 and a wear measuring tool 17.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
(example 1)
The full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake as shown in fig. 1 to 8 includes a brake housing 1, a fastening member 2, a piston housing 3 and a disc spring support cover 4, wherein the piston housing 3 and the disc spring support cover 4 are sequentially and fixedly mounted at the rear end of the brake housing 1 through the fastening member 2, thereby forming a closed cavity. And a friction plate group 5, a piston 6 and a disc spring assembly 7 are sequentially arranged in the cavity from front to back, and when parking braking is performed, the disc spring assembly 7 pushes the piston 6 to press the friction plate group 5 to realize braking. The integral piston is adopted, the disc spring assembly 7 is arranged to replace a plurality of traditional cylindrical spiral springs to provide parking braking force, the disc spring assembly 7 is small in axial size, stable in rigidity and good in integrity, the disc spring pressing force is completely converted into the parking braking force and is not consumed by other parts, the braking efficiency is high, the structural design is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the stable and uniform parking braking force can be guaranteed; in actual use, the parking braking force can be adjusted by selecting the disc spring assemblies 7 with different rigidity and structures and the friction plate groups 5 with different numbers according to requirements without redesigning, so that the parking braking force adjusting device is suitable for different vehicle types and has wide application prospect.
Specifically, adopt combination formula seal structure between piston 6 and piston housing 3, including locating sealing washer 8 on the anterior outer peripheral face of piston 6 and the wear-resisting support ring 9 on the outer peripheral face of piston 6 rear portion, still be equipped with the annular ring that the elastomer material was made on the outer peripheral face of wear-resisting support ring 9, possess simultaneously sealed and support function, the parking brake's that significantly reduces axial dimensions, overall structure is compacter, be fit for the limited occasion in space, compared with prior art, seal structure has been simplified, manufacturing cost is reduced, sealed pressurize nature has been improved simultaneously.
The friction plate group 5 is composed of a plurality of first steel plates 5-1, return springs 5-2 and friction plates 5-3, the first steel plates 5-1 are uniformly distributed in the transverse direction, the friction plates 5-3 are coaxially arranged between the adjacent first steel plates 5-1, the return springs 5-2 are arranged between the peripheries of the adjacent first steel plates 5-1, when parking is relieved, the return springs 5-2 push the first steel plates 5-1 away, the friction plates 5-3 are prevented from being attached to the first steel plates 5-1 to cause drag grinding, the service life of the friction plate group 5 is prolonged, and noise is avoided. The first steel sheet 5-1 and the friction sheet 5-3 are both of annular structures, so that circumferential integral attachment is guaranteed during braking, braking is stable, and unbalance loading of caliper disc type braking is avoided.
In this embodiment, the first steel plate 5-1 has an outer diameter larger than that of the friction plate 5-3. The brake comprises a brake shell 1, a piston shell 3 and a first steel sheet 5-1, wherein the brake shell 1 is provided with a first pin hole, the piston shell 3 is correspondingly provided with a second pin hole, the periphery of the first steel sheet 5-1 is provided with a front guide pin shaft 10 and a rear guide pin shaft 10, one end of the guide pin shaft 10 is inserted into the first pin hole, and the other end of the guide pin shaft 10 is inserted into the second pin hole, so that the first steel sheet 5-1 is connected with the brake shell 1, and meanwhile, the first steel sheet 5-1 is limited to move only along the axial direction, and the brake stability is ensured. The inner ring of the friction plate 5-3 is provided with a spline which is convenient to be fixedly connected with an output shaft of a motor of the automobile driving wheel, so that the friction plate 5-3 rotates along with the motor.
The friction plate 5-3 comprises a second steel sheet 5-3-1 and friction blocks 5-3-2 symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two sides of the second steel sheet 5-3-1, and the friction blocks 5-3-2 are fixedly connected with the second steel sheet 5-3-1 in an integral sintering or bonding mode to form an integral friction plate structure, so that the performance is stable and the production cost is low.
The rear part of the piston 6 is provided with an annular groove 6-1 which provides an installation space for the pre-compressed disc spring assembly 7 together with the disc spring support cover 4, and the disc spring assembly 7 is installed in the annular groove 6-1 after being pre-compressed. A disc spring adjusting pad 11 is arranged between the front end of the disc spring assembly 7 and the annular groove 6-1, and a shell adjusting pad 12 is arranged between the brake shell 1 and the piston shell 3 to compensate abrasion of the friction plates 5-3, change braking torque of the friction plate set 5 after abrasion and ensure parking stability. Meanwhile, the piston shell 3 is provided with an adjusting bolt 13 screwed into the disc spring supporting cover 4, so that the shell adjusting pad 12 is convenient to replace. In the present embodiment, the disc spring assembly 7 includes a plurality of disc springs that are engaged with each other, so that the compression amount is doubled under the same force when the stroke of the piston 6 needs to be increased. In practical application, the disc springs with the same size and different rigidity can be selected to be combined to meet the use requirements of different rigidities.
Assuming that the rigidity of the single disc spring is k, the thrust of the disc spring required for parking is F, and the number of the involuted disc springs is m, the initial total compression amount of the single disc spring after involution is x = F/mk. Along with the vice continuous wearing and tearing of friction, the initial compression volume of dish spring continuously reduces, leads to dish spring thrust to reduce, and parking braking moment of torsion reduces to bring the parking potential safety hazard. At this time, the disc spring adjusting pad 11 or the shell adjusting pad 12 can be adjusted, so that the pressure of the parking brake can be adjusted. Assuming that the number of friction pairs is n, and the parking force is insufficient after each friction pair is worn by d, namely after the total wear reaches n × d, the following two adjustment methods can be adopted:
firstly, assuming that the parking brake torque exceeds the limit after the friction plates 5-3 rub against a delta on one side, in the embodiment, the initial stroke of the disc spring is increased by n x delta, because the opening matched with the fastening piece 2 is formed in the shell adjusting pad 12, in order to keep the initial stroke of the disc spring unchanged, the fastening piece 2 is unscrewed but not screwed completely, then the adjusting bolt 13 is screwed, the piston shell 3 and the disc spring supporting cover 4 are jacked open, the shell adjusting pad 12 is separated from the fastening piece 2 through the opening, and the shell adjusting pad 12 with the thickness of n x delta is taken out, so that the stroke of the disc spring can be kept unchanged.
Secondly, the disc spring support cover 4 is removed, the disc spring adjusting pad 11 with the thickness of n x delta is added, and the initial stroke of the disc spring is increased to compensate the abrasion of the friction plate 5-3.
In addition, if the stiffness of the disc spring has changed, the thickness of the disc spring adjustment pad 11 may be increased appropriately for compensating the stiffness change.
In this embodiment, three wear monitoring ports 14 are uniformly distributed on the disc spring support cover 4, so that a displacement sensor can be conveniently installed or a caliper can be introduced to check the stroke of the piston 6, the wear condition of the friction plates 5-3 can be indirectly measured, and the friction plates can be adjusted or replaced in time. In this embodiment, the caliper is inserted into the wear monitoring opening 14, which results in low manufacturing cost. Assuming that the allowable wear amount of each friction pair is a, and the number of brake friction pairs is n, the allowable total wear amount is n × a, and the stroke of the piston 6 initially pressing the friction plates 5-3 + the thickness of the disc spring support cover 4 is b, when the measured total piston stroke S = n × a + b, it indicates that the friction plate group 5 has been worn to the limit, and needs to be replaced.
Three square through grooves 1-1 communicated with the cavity are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the brake shell 1, so that heat dissipation can be realized through circulating air, evacuation and grinding can be performed in time, unbalance loading is avoided, and no clamping stagnation exists between friction pairs. Be equipped with the bleed valve 15 and two oil inlets 16 of intercommunication cavity on the outer peripheral face of piston housing 3, through setting up bleed valve 15 and come evacuation cavity body air, through setting up a plurality of oil inlets 16, guarantee oil feed under the different phases, when realizing that the parking is alleviated, hydraulic oil promotes piston 6 and compresses tightly dish spring subassembly 7 to make the friction pair loosen, the motor free rotation.
A plurality of dish springs of this embodiment are involutory to constitute dish spring subassembly 7 and provide parking braking force, and parking braking force is big and steady, and through the hydraulic oil return, the dish spring packing force is whole to be converted into parking braking force, does not have by other parts consumption, and braking efficiency is high. Through the arrangement of the abrasion monitoring port 14, the abrasion of the friction plate 5-3 can be monitored through manual measurement by a caliper or installation of a displacement sensor. In the actual use process, the adjustable parking braking force can be realized by increasing or decreasing the adjusting gaskets according to the requirements of the parking braking force, and the adjustable parking braking force can adapt to different vehicle types. When parking is relieved, the return spring 5-2 pushes the first steel sheet 5-1 open, and drag abrasion caused by the fact that the friction sheet 5-3 is attached to the first steel sheet 5-1 is avoided. The brake shell 1 is uniformly provided with a plurality of groups of square through grooves 1-1, so that heat dissipation can be realized by circulating air, evacuation grinding can be performed in time, and unbalance loading is avoided. The combined sealing structure is adopted, and the combined sealing structure has the sealing and supporting functions, so that the axial size of the brake is greatly reduced, the overall structure is compact, and the combined sealing structure is suitable for occasions with limited space. The used parts are fewer, and the cost is low.
(example 2)
The structure of the embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the outer diameter of the first steel sheet 5-1 is smaller than that of the friction sheet 5-3, the guide pin shaft 10 penetrates through the friction sheet 5-3 and is movably connected with the brake shell 1 along the axial direction, the inner ring of the first steel sheet 5-1 is provided with a spline, so that the first steel sheet 5-1 can be fixedly connected with an output shaft of an automobile driving wheel motor, the first steel sheet 5-1 can rotate along with the motor, and another structure of the friction sheet set 5 is provided for a designer to select.
(example 3)
The structure of the embodiment is similar to that of embodiment 1, except that the structure of the friction plate 5-3 is different, as shown in fig. 9, the friction plate comprises a second steel sheet 5-3-1, a friction block 5-3-2, a friction block back plate 5-3-3 and a rivet 5-3-4, the friction block 5-3-2 and the friction block back plate 5-3-3 are fixedly connected through sintering or bonding and then are symmetrically riveted to two sides of the second steel sheet 5-3-1 through the rivet 5-3-4 to form the structure of the integral friction plate, although the cost is high, the structure is particularly suitable for the use requirements of equipment limitation and integral friction plates with larger sizes, and the application range is wider.
(example 4)
The structure of this embodiment is similar to that of embodiment 1 except that the disc spring assembly 7 includes a plurality of disc springs stacked on each other as shown in fig. 10 to satisfy the need for increasing the rigidity, which is doubled in comparison with embodiment 1 under the same amount of compression.
(example 5)
The structure of this embodiment is similar to that of embodiment 1 except that the wear monitoring port 14 is provided with a mechanical wear measuring tool 17. Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, a threaded hole is formed in a position, corresponding to the wear monitoring port 14, of the rear end surface of the piston 6, a mechanical wear measuring tool 17 adopts an identification screw which penetrates through the wear monitoring port 14 and is screwed into the threaded hole, the length part of the identification screw, which is connected with the piston 6, is c, and the total length L is greater than or equal to b + c + S, when the head of the other end of the identification screw is close to the disc spring support cover 4, the wear limit is indicated, the change should be performed in time, and the mechanical wear measuring tool is more intuitive, convenient and fast and does not need to perform parking measurement.
The invention provides parking braking force through the disc spring assembly 7, and the disc spring assembly is not a rocker arm amplifying mechanism, a cam or a screw machine head and the like in the prior art, has safe and reliable power source and simple structure, does not need other force transmission parts, and can greatly save axial space; the hydraulic oil is used for relieving the brake pressure, and the brake is not a wire control, a motor or an elastic element and the like, so that the transmission is simple and reliable, the waste of brake force is avoided, the cost is saved, and the brake efficiency is high; through the combined sealing, the sealing device has excellent sealing performance and good supporting performance, is particularly suitable for occasions requiring long-term pressure maintaining, and further reduces the axial size. In practical application, the type and combination mode of the disc spring are changed to change the braking torque according to the use condition, so that serialization is facilitated; the braking torque is changed by increasing or decreasing the number of friction pairs and adjusting pads 12 of the shell or adjusting pads 11 of the disc spring; meanwhile, various production modes of the friction plate 5-3 are provided, and the application range is wide; different measuring modes can be selected to check the stroke of the piston 6 according to actual conditions, so that the abrasion condition of the friction plates 5-3 can be indirectly measured, and the adjustment or the replacement can be carried out in time; the whole brake adopts a nearly totally-enclosed structure, protects the interior of the brake to the maximum extent, can also fully dissipate heat, avoids the internal structure of the brake from aging, and prolongs the service cycle.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake is characterized in that: the brake comprises a brake shell (1), and a piston shell (3) and a disc spring supporting cover (4) which are sequentially and fixedly installed at the rear end of the brake shell (1) through a fastener (2), wherein the brake shell (1), the piston shell (3) and the disc spring supporting cover (4) form a closed cavity, a friction plate group (5), a piston (6) and a disc spring assembly (7) are sequentially installed in the cavity from front to back, and the disc spring assembly (7) is suitable for pushing the piston (6) to press the friction plate group (5) to realize braking; a disc spring adjusting pad (11) is arranged between the front end of the disc spring assembly (7) and the piston (6), a shell adjusting pad (12) is arranged between the brake shell (1) and the piston shell (3), the fastener (2) penetrates through the shell adjusting pad (12), an opening matched with the fastener (2) is formed in the shell adjusting pad (12), the fastener (2) is unscrewed but not unscrewed, and the shell adjusting pad (12) can be separated from the fastener (2) through the opening; the abrasion of the friction plate group (5) is adapted to be compensated by adjusting the thickness of the disc spring adjusting pad (11) and/or the thickness of the shell adjusting pad (12); the piston shell (3) is also provided with an adjusting bolt (13) screwed into the disc spring support cover (4); the disc spring assembly (7) comprises a plurality of disc springs which are mutually involutory or overlapped; and a sealing ring (8) and a wear-resistant supporting ring (9) are respectively arranged between the front part and the rear part of the piston (6) and the piston shell (3), and an annular ring made of an elastomer material is arranged on the peripheral surface of the wear-resistant supporting ring (9).
2. The full disc multi-disc dry type adjustable parking brake of claim 1, wherein: the friction plate group (5) comprises a plurality of annular first steel sheets (5-1) which are uniformly distributed along the transverse direction, and a return spring (5-2) is arranged between every two adjacent first steel sheets (5-1) and is coaxially provided with an annular friction plate (5-3); one of the first steel sheet (5-1) or the friction sheet (5-3) is movably connected with the brake shell (1) along the axial direction, and the inner ring of the other one is provided with a spline.
3. The full disc multi-disc dry type adjustable parking brake of claim 2, wherein: the friction plate (5-3) comprises a second steel sheet (5-3-1) and friction blocks (5-3-2) symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two sides of the second steel sheet (5-3-1), and the friction blocks (5-3-2) are fixedly connected with the second steel sheet (5-3-1) in an integral sintering or bonding mode.
4. The full disc multi-disc dry type adjustable parking brake of claim 2, wherein: the friction plate (5-3) comprises a second steel sheet (5-3-1), friction blocks (5-3-2), a friction block back plate (5-3-3) and rivets (5-3-4), and the friction blocks (5-3-2) and the friction block back plate (5-3-3) are fixedly connected through sintering or bonding and then are symmetrically riveted to two sides of the second steel sheet (5-3-1) through the rivets (5-3-4).
5. The full disc multi-disc dry type adjustable parking brake of claim 1, wherein: an annular groove (6-1) is formed in the rear portion of the piston (6), and the disc spring assembly (7) is mounted in the annular groove (6-1) after being pre-compressed.
6. The full disc multi-disc dry type adjustable parking brake of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of abrasion monitoring ports (14) are uniformly distributed on the disc spring supporting cover (4), and the abrasion monitoring ports (14) are suitable for mounting a displacement sensor and a mechanical abrasion measuring tool (17) or leading in a caliper.
7. The full disc multi-disc dry type adjustable parking brake of claim 1, wherein: the brake is characterized in that a plurality of square through grooves (1-1) communicated with the cavity are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the brake shell (1).
8. The full disc multi-disc dry type adjustable parking brake of claim 1, wherein: and the peripheral surface of the piston shell (3) is provided with a release valve (15) and a plurality of oil inlets (16) which are communicated with the cavity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111223877.3A CN113669384B (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2021-10-21 | Full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111223877.3A CN113669384B (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2021-10-21 | Full-disc multi-disc dry-type adjustable parking brake |
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| CN113669384A CN113669384A (en) | 2021-11-19 |
| CN113669384B true CN113669384B (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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| EP0038775A3 (en) * | 1980-04-23 | 1981-11-04 | Sinterwerke Grenchen AG | Vehicle disc brake |
| JPS58170919A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-07 | Komatsu Ltd | Counterpart plate for friction disc |
| JPH09257067A (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 1997-09-30 | Komatsu Ltd | Abrasion detection device for vehicular brake |
| JPH11153165A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-08 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Disc brake pad and its manufacture |
| CN201265614Y (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2009-07-01 | 荣成市黄海离合器有限公司 | Driven disc assembly of automobile clutch |
| CN101482154B (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2010-08-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Hydraulic brake |
| CN101532545A (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2009-09-16 | 山东泰山天盾矿山机械有限公司 | Real-time detection and protection device for brake shoes and disc spring of disc brake |
| CN101603573A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2009-12-16 | 一拖(洛阳)开创装备科技有限公司 | Multifunctional wet multi-disc brake |
| CN202768683U (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-03-06 | 焦作市大华能源机械有限公司 | Disc type hydraulic multi-disc brake |
| CN206754221U (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-12-15 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | A kind of freely falling body clutch |
| CN108799374A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-13 | 西安航空制动科技有限公司 | A kind of airplane wheel disk type brake wear indicating device |
| CN208831547U (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-05-07 | 盐城同济汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of vehicle stop brake mechanism for flame proof rubber tyre vehicle |
| CN213575264U (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-06-29 | 西伯瑞制动器（天津）有限公司 | Brake pad, brake and port machine equipment |
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