CN110701217B

CN110701217B - Separation clearance adjustable moves integrative wet brake that dwells

Info

Publication number: CN110701217B
Application number: CN201910964662.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 屈信益; 杨玉文; 赵毅慧; 马文杰; 张美荣; 尹长杰; 付晓霞
Original assignee: Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group Corp
Current assignee: Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group Corp
Priority date: 2019-10-11
Filing date: 2019-10-11
Publication date: 2021-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-11
Also published as: CN110701217A

Abstract

The invention provides a traveling and parking integrated wet brake with adjustable separation gap, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking. The brake solves the problems that the performance requirement of the brake is higher and higher due to the speed increase of a vehicle, the size is large, the function is single, a plurality of brake friction plates are not easy to separate, and the temperature of a dry brake is high, and comprises a rear shell, a middle shell, an end cover, a guide post, a return spring, a baffle plate, a disc spring, a gasket, an adjusting bolt, an internal tooth friction plate, an external tooth friction plate, a parking brake piston, an input gear shaft, a pressing plate and a service brake piston; the functions of service braking, parking braking, friction pair forced separation, friction pair separation gap adjustment, parking emergency release and the like can be realized; the service brake piston and the parking brake piston are arranged on the same part, so that the size of the brake is reduced; the brake service life of the brake can be prolonged, the stability of the brake torque is kept, and the reliability is improved.

Description

Separation clearance adjustable moves integrative wet brake that dwells

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking, and relates to a traveling and parking integrated wet brake with adjustable separation gap.

Background

Currently, brakes used in vehicles are dry brakes including drum brakes, disc brakes, multi-disc dry brakes, and the like. With the application of electric transmission technology, the vehicle speed is faster and faster, and the vehicle tonnage is larger and larger, so that the requirement on the performance of a brake is higher and higher to ensure the safety of the vehicle. The existing brakes used on the high-speed heavy-load wheeled vehicle can cause the problems of over-high temperature rise of the friction plates, difficult separation, unsuitability for the high-speed heavy-load vehicle and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a traveling and parking integrated wet brake with adjustable separation gap, which is a multifunctional wet brake for a high-speed heavy-load wheeled vehicle, and the structure of the wet brake can realize the integration of the functions of service braking and parking braking, and the forced separation of friction plates (parking release and non-operation of service braking), so that the vehicle can be stopped at high speed and the parking of the vehicle (horizontal road surface and the highest 60 percent slope) can be realized; when the friction plate is abraded to cause the increase of the separation gap, the structure can adjust the separation gap in a manual mode; through external hydraulic pressure cooling system, can guarantee that friction disc separation clearance satisfies high rotational speed requirement, in time take away the heat that produces simultaneously, satisfy the demand of heavily loaded wheeled vehicle to braking response speed and moment etc..

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a separation gap-adjustable traveling and parking integrated wet brake is characterized by comprising a rear shell, a middle shell, an end cover, a guide post, a return spring, a baffle plate, a disc spring, a gasket, an adjusting bolt, an inner tooth friction plate, an outer tooth friction plate, a parking brake piston, an input gear shaft, a pressing plate and a traveling brake piston; a traveling oil cavity and a parking oil cavity are processed on the end surface of the right side of the rear shell; the parking oil cavity and the traveling oil cavity are circumferentially distributed on the rear shell at intervals; the parking brake piston and the service brake piston are respectively arranged in the parking oil cavity and the service oil cavity; a pressing plate, a friction pair and a baffle are sequentially arranged on the right side surface of the rear shell, and the left end surface of the pressing plate is attached to the right end surface of the rear shell; the plurality of internal tooth friction plates and the plurality of external tooth friction plates are arranged in a staggered manner to form a friction pair; the outer teeth of the outer tooth friction plates are meshed with the inner teeth on the middle shell, and the inner teeth of the inner tooth friction plates are meshed with the outer teeth of the input gear shaft; a guide pin mounting hole of the pressure plate is aligned with a guide pin mounting hole on the rear shell, one end of a guide column is mounted in the guide pin mounting hole of the rear shell, the guide column penetrates through the guide pin mounting hole of the pressure plate and the middle shell, a return spring is mounted on the guide column 3), and the left end of the return spring is propped against the pressure plate; the front end of the parking brake piston extends out of the ejector rod; the outer side of the mandril 39) is a large arc surface; a plurality of semicircular retaining shoulders are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the baffle; the semicircular retaining shoulder on the baffle is aligned with the ejector rod of the parking brake piston; the front end of the parking brake piston extends out of the ejector rod and can push the baffle and compress the disc spring; a disc spring and a gasket are placed in the inner cavity on the left side of the end cover; the adjusting bolt is arranged in a threaded hole on the end face of the right side of the end cover; the adjusting bolt can support the gasket, the gasket is separated from the end cover by rotating the adjusting bolt, and the disc spring can be pushed to move towards the left side.

Furthermore, the middle shell is provided with a parking guide groove cambered surface which is attached to a large arc surface of an ejector rod of the parking brake piston.

Further, the parking release oil passage and the service brake oil passage on the rear shell and the parking release oil passage and the service brake oil passage on the middle shell 2.

Further, the device also comprises a large O-shaped ring and a large O-shaped ring; the small O-shaped ring is arranged at an oil duct between the binding surface of the rear shell and the middle shell, and the large O-shaped ring is arranged in an O-shaped ring mounting groove of the outer spigot at the left side of the end cover.

Further, the outer lane of installation components of a whole that can function independently post bearing in the hole of end cover left side, hole right side keep off the shoulder and the laminating of bearing inner race right side, install the snap ring in the left snap ring mounting groove of bearing.

Further, the intermediate housing and the end cover are fixed by fixing bolts.

Furthermore, the input gear shaft is arranged in inner holes of the oil seal and the ball bearing, and the input gear shaft is matched with the rear shell through the ball bearing and matched with the end cover through the split column bearing.

Furthermore, the left end face of a return spring installed on the guide post is attached to the right end face of the pressing plate, the right end face of the return spring is attached to the middle shell, when service braking is finished or parking is released, namely the service braking piston does not move rightwards and acts on the pressing plate or the parking braking piston pushes a baffle rightwards, the return spring enables the pressing plate to be attached to the rear shell, and the friction pair is separated.

Furthermore, the inner tooth friction plate and the outer tooth friction plate are made of C or SiC, and the working mode is a wet type.

Furthermore, 4 parking brake pistons and parking oil cavities are provided, and 3 service brake pistons and service oil cavities are provided.

The invention has the technical effects that:

(1) the invention integrates the functions of service braking, parking braking and emergency release.

(2) The service brake piston and the parking brake piston are arranged on one side, so that the size of the brake is reduced.

(3) By adopting the multi-piece friction pair, the area of the effective friction plate can be increased, the heat capacity of the friction element is increased, the temperature rise of the friction plate is reduced, and the service life, the braking torque and the reliability of the brake are improved.

(4) The left end face of a return spring 4 arranged on the guide post 3 is jointed with the right end face of the pressing plate 22, and the right end face is jointed with the middle shell 2. When the service brake is finished or the parking is released (the service brake does not work), the return spring 4 ensures that stable spring force can be provided, so that the pressure plate 22 is quickly attached to the rear shell 1, and the friction pair is separated.

(5) The wet brake scheme is adopted, heat of the friction element is taken away through continuously circulating lubricating oil, temperature rise of the friction plate is greatly reduced, and service life and reliability of the brake are further improved.

(6) The friction element is made of C/SiC, the working mode is wet type, the friction element has better thermal stability and wear resistance, the dynamic and static friction coefficients are greatly improved, and the specific pressure of the friction plate is reduced by at least 20 percent compared with the friction material such as paper base material, so that the structural size of the part can be reduced.

(7) According to actual needs, the number and arrangement mode of the service brake piston and the parking brake piston can be adjusted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the scheme of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rear housing.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the middle housing.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the end cap structure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a parking brake piston structure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a service brake piston.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressing plate.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an external tooth friction plate.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a baffle structure.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the input gear shaft structure.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an oil seal seat.

The brake device comprises a shell 1, a middle shell 2, a guide post 3, a return spring 4, a fixing bolt 5, a baffle 6, a disc spring 7, a gasket 8, an adjusting bolt 9, an end cover 10, a large O-shaped ring 11, a small O-shaped ring 12, an external tooth friction plate 13, an internal tooth friction plate 14, a parking brake piston 15, a sealing assembly 16, a clamping ring 17, an input gear shaft 18, an oil seal seat 20, a ball bearing 21, a pressing plate 22, a service brake piston 23, a clamping ring 24, a split column bearing 25, a clamping ring 26, a clamping ring 27 and a clamping ring 28.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to a traveling and parking integrated wet brake with adjustable separation gap, which comprises a rear shell 1, a middle shell 2, a guide post 3, a return spring 4, a fixing bolt 5, a baffle plate 6, a disc spring 7, a gasket 8, an adjusting bolt 9, an end cover 10, a large O-shaped ring 11, a small O-shaped ring 12, an internal tooth friction plate 13, an external tooth friction plate 14, a parking brake piston 15, a sealing assembly 16, a clamping ring 17, an input gear shaft 18, an oil seal 19, an oil seal seat 20, a ball bearing 21, a pressure plate 22, a traveling brake piston 23, a clamping ring 24, a split post bearing 25, a clamping ring 26, a clamping ring 27 and a clamping ring 28.

The method is characterized in that: the rear shell is provided with a ball bearing, a clamping ring, a parking brake piston, a service brake piston and a guide post, the rear shell integrates the service brake piston and the parking brake piston, specifically, the end surface on the right side of the rear shell 1 is provided with a service oil cavity 29, a parking oil cavity 30, a parking release oil channel 31, a service brake oil channel 32, a guide pin mounting hole 33 and a fixing bolt mounting hole 34, the end surfaces of 4

parking brake pistons

15 and 3 service brake pistons 23 are radially provided with annular grooves 35 and annular grooves 37 for mounting a sealing assembly 16, one side with a small boss 36 and a small boss 38 faces the rear shell and is mounted in the corresponding oil cavity, and a large arc surface 40 on an ejector rod 39 of the parking brake piston 15 faces the outside; the inner ring of the split column bearing 25 is arranged on the bearing mounting surface 41 on the right side of the input gear shaft 18, the left shaft shoulder is attached to the left side surface of the bearing, and the snap ring 27 is arranged in the snap ring mounting groove 42 on the right side; the ball bearing 21 is arranged in a bearing hole 43 on the rear shell 1, a bearing mounting surface 44 on the toothed side of the input gear shaft 18 is arranged in an inner hole of the ball bearing 21, a right side shaft shoulder is attached to the right end surface of the inner ring of the bearing, and the snap ring 17 and the snap ring 26 are respectively arranged in a snap ring mounting groove 45 of the rear shell 1 and a snap ring mounting groove 46 on the toothed side of the input gear shaft 18; installing a guide post 3 in an installation hole 33 of a rear shell 1, attaching the left end face of a pressure plate 22 to the right end face of the rear shell 1, aligning a guide pin installation hole 47 with the guide pin installation hole 33 on the rear shell 1, and installing a return spring 4 on the guide post; 4 pieces of inner

tooth friction plates

13 and 3 pieces of outer tooth friction plates 14 are arranged in a staggered mode to form a friction pair, the left side of the friction pair is attached to the end face of the right side of the pressing plate 22, a baffle plate 6 is arranged on the right side of the friction pair, teeth of the inner tooth friction plates 13 are meshed with teeth of the

input gear shaft

18, and 4 semicircular retaining shoulders 48 on the baffle plate 6 are aligned with ejector rods 39 of 4 parking brake pistons 15; the small O-shaped ring 12 is arranged in an O-shaped ring groove 49 of a left side oil passage of the middle shell 2, the left side end face 50 of the middle shell 2 is attached to the right side of the rear shell 1, a parking release oil passage 31, a service brake oil passage 32, a guide pin mounting hole 33 and a fixing bolt mounting hole 34 on the rear shell 1 are aligned with a parking release oil passage 52, a service brake oil passage 53, a guide pin mounting hole 54 and a fixing bolt mounting hole 55 on the middle shell 2, a parking guide groove arc face 51 is attached to a large ejector rod arc face 40 of the parking brake piston 15, and internal teeth are meshed with the teeth of the external tooth friction plate 14 and are connected and fixed through a fixing bolt 5; a large O-ring 11 is arranged in an O-ring mounting groove 56 of an outer spigot 60 on the left side of the end cover 10, an outer ring of a split column bearing 25 is arranged in an inner hole 57 on the left side, a retaining shoulder on the right side of the inner hole is attached to the right side of the outer ring of the bearing, a clamping ring 24 is arranged in a clamping ring mounting groove on the left side of the bearing, a

gasket

8 and 2 disc springs 7 are arranged in an inner cavity on the left side of the end cover 10, the end faces of the small holes of the disc springs are attached, a guide pin mounting hole 64 is aligned to a guide pin 3 and are mounted in an inner spigot 65; installing an adjusting bolt 9 in a threaded hole 62 on the end face of the right side of the end cover 10, wherein a lubricating oil inlet 66 and a lubricating oil outlet 67 are used for installing an external heat dissipation system; 2 oil seals 19 are respectively arranged in an inner hole 58 at the left side of the oil seal seat 20 and an inner hole 59 at the right side of the end cover 10, a snap ring 28 is arranged in a snap ring groove at the right side of the end cover 10, and the oil seal seat 20 with the oil seals is screwed into an internal thread 63 at the left side of the rear shell 1.

The principle of the invention is as follows:

1. a traveling and parking integrated wet brake with adjustable separation gap is arranged on each electric transmission device of a heavy-duty wheeled vehicle, and is used for bearing the work of normal service braking, emergency braking and parking braking under the action of a control system and a hydraulic system, so that the torque for stopping the vehicle from the maximum speed can be provided, and the vehicle can be kept on a 60% slope. The loading mode of the service brake of the multifunctional wet brake is that a brake piston 23 is driven by pressure oil service, the service brake piston 23 acts on a pressure plate 22), a friction pair is pressed, and the purpose of deceleration or stopping is realized by friction; the parking release loading mode is that the parking brake piston 15 is pressed, the ejector rod 39 extends out of the front end of the parking brake piston 15 to push the baffle 6, the disc spring 7 is compressed through the baffle 6 until the baffle 6 is attached to the end cover 10, and the parking release is carried out (the parking brake piston 15 does not act on a pressing plate); the parking brake loading mode is to remove pressure oil released during parking, the diaphragm spring compresses the friction plate, and the purpose of parking brake is realized through friction.

2. The original installation state of the walking and parking integrated wet brake with adjustable separation gap is the brake parking state, and the vehicle should be released from the parking function before starting; during the running process of the vehicle (in the running process, the vehicle is stopped without using a parking brake function in principle), a driver operates a brake pedal according to needs to enable control oil of a corresponding brake oil path (a normal brake oil path or an emergency brake oil path) to be injected into a service brake oil chamber, a service brake piston acts → a pressure plate 22 moves → a friction plate moves (a separation gap is eliminated) → friction pair pressing (an input gear shaft spline is connected with an input gear of a wheel edge reducer) → separation (the pressure plate 22 is returned by means of extension of 4 return springs in a compressed state).

3. The adjustment mode of the brake is that 3 adjusting bolts 9 are rotated to separate the gasket 8 from the end cover 10, and the disc spring 7 and the baffle 6 are pushed to move towards the left side, so that the clearance of the friction pair is adjusted.

Brief description of the assembly of the invention:

the upper surface of the rear shell 1 is provided with a ball bearing 21, a snap ring 26, a parking brake piston 15, a service brake piston 23 and a guide post 3, a return spring 4 is respectively arranged on the guide post 3, an input gear shaft 18 is arranged in inner holes of an oil seal 19 and the ball bearing 21, the middle shell 2 is arranged on the rear shell 1 through a fixing bolt 5, and a small O-shaped ring 12 is arranged at an oil duct between the binding surface of the rear shell 1 and the middle shell 2; a pressure plate 22, a friction pair (4 pieces of inner

tooth friction plates

13 and 3 pieces of outer tooth friction plates 14 are installed in a staggered mode) and a baffle 6 are sequentially installed on the right side face of the rear shell 1, outer teeth of the outer tooth friction plates 14 are meshed with inner teeth on the middle shell 2, and inner teeth of the inner tooth friction plates 13 are meshed with outer teeth of the input gear shaft 18; the inner ring of the split column bearing 25 is arranged on the bearing mounting surface 41 on the right side of the input gear shaft 18 and is fixed by a snap ring 27; the gasket 8, the disc spring 7 and the outer ring of the split cylindrical bearing 25 are respectively arranged at the corresponding positions on the left side of the end cover 10, the outer ring of the split cylindrical bearing 25 is fixed by a snap ring 24, and the split cylindrical bearing and the snap ring are arranged on the right side of the middle shell 2 and fixed by a fixing bolt 5; finally, 2 oil seals 19 are respectively installed in the installation hole 59 on the right side of the end cover 10 and the installation hole 58 of the oil seal seat 20, the oil seals are fixed in the end cover 10 by a clamping ring 28, and the oil seal seat 20 with the oil seals 19 is installed in the internal thread 63 on the left side of the rear shell 1; finally, the adjusting bolt 9 is installed.

Claims

1. A separation gap-adjustable traveling and parking integrated wet brake comprises a rear shell (1), a middle shell (2), an end cover (10), a return spring (4), a disc spring (7), an adjusting bolt (9), an inner tooth friction plate (13), an outer tooth friction plate (14), a parking brake piston (15), an input gear shaft (18) and a traveling brake piston (23);

a traveling oil cavity (29) and a parking oil cavity (30) are processed on the end surface of the right side of the rear shell; the parking brake piston (15) and the service brake piston (23) are respectively arranged in a parking oil cavity (30) and a service oil cavity (29);

a pressure plate (22) and a friction pair are sequentially arranged on the right side surface of the rear shell (1), and a plurality of internal tooth friction plates (13) and a plurality of external tooth friction plates (14) are arranged in a staggered mode to form the friction pair; the outer teeth of the outer tooth friction plates (14) are meshed with the inner teeth on the middle shell (2), and the inner teeth of the inner tooth friction plates (13) are meshed with the outer teeth of the input gear shaft (18);

it is characterized by also comprising a guide post (3), a baffle plate (6), a pressure plate (22) and a gasket (8),

the parking oil chamber (30) and the traveling oil chamber (29) are circumferentially distributed on the rear shell at intervals;

a pressing plate (22), a friction pair and a baffle (6) are sequentially arranged on the right side surface of the rear shell (1), and the left side end surface of the pressing plate is attached to the right side end surface of the rear shell;

a guide pin mounting hole (47) of the pressure plate is aligned with a guide pin mounting hole (33) on the rear shell, one end of a guide column (3) is mounted in the guide pin mounting hole (33) of the rear shell, the guide column penetrates through the guide pin mounting hole of the pressure plate and the middle shell (2), a return spring (4) is mounted on the guide column (3), and the left end of the return spring (4) is propped against the pressure plate;

the front end of the parking brake piston (15) extends out of a mandril (39); the outer side of the ejector rod (39) is provided with a large arc surface (40); a plurality of semicircular retaining shoulders (48) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the baffle (6);

a semicircular retaining shoulder (48) on the baffle (6) is aligned with a mandril (39) of the parking brake piston (15); the front end of the parking braking piston (15) extends out of a mandril (39) and can be used for propping against the baffle (6) and compressing the disc spring (7);

a disc spring (7) and a gasket (8) are placed in an inner cavity on the left side of the end cover (10); the adjusting bolt (9) is arranged in a threaded hole (62) on the right end face of the end cover (10); the adjusting bolt (9) can support the gasket (8), the gasket (8) is separated from the end cover (10) by rotating the adjusting bolt (9), and the disc spring (7) can be pushed to move towards the left side.

2. The traveling and parking integrated wet brake with the adjustable separation gap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle shell is provided with a parking guide groove arc surface which is attached to a large arc surface of a push rod of the parking brake piston.

3. The traveling and parking integrated wet brake with the adjustable separation gap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parking release oil passage and the service brake oil passage on the rear housing and the parking release oil passage and the service brake oil passage on the middle housing 2 are provided.

4. The traveling and parking integrated wet brake with the adjustable separation gap as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a large O-ring, a large O-ring; the small O-shaped ring is arranged at an oil duct between the binding surface of the rear shell and the middle shell, and the large O-shaped ring is arranged in an O-shaped ring mounting groove of the outer spigot at the left side of the end cover.

5. The traveling and parking integrated wet brake with the adjustable separation gap as claimed in claim 1, wherein an outer ring of the split column bearing is mounted in an inner hole in the left side of the end cover, a retaining shoulder on the right side of the inner hole is attached to the right side of the outer ring of the bearing, and a snap ring is mounted in a snap ring mounting groove in the left side of the bearing.

6. The traveling and parking integrated wet brake with adjustable separation gap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle housing and the end cover are fixed by fixing bolts.

7. The traveling and parking integrated wet brake with the adjustable separation gap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input gear shaft is mounted in an inner hole of the oil seal and a ball bearing, and the input gear shaft is matched with the rear housing through the ball bearing and matched with the end cover through a split column bearing.

8. The separation gap adjustable traveling and parking integrated wet brake as claimed in claim 1, wherein a return spring mounted on the guide post has a left end surface engaged with a right end surface of the pressure plate and a right end surface engaged with the intermediate housing, when the traveling brake is finished or the parking is released, the traveling brake piston does not move rightwards and acts on the pressure plate or the parking brake piston pushes the baffle plate rightwards, the return spring causes the pressure plate to engage with the rear housing, and the friction pair is separated.

9. The traveling and parking integrated wet brake with the adjustable separation gap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner tooth friction plate and the outer tooth friction plate are made of C or SiC, and the operation mode is wet.

10. The traveling and parking integrated wet brake with adjustable separation gap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the parking brake piston and the parking oil chamber is 4, and the number of the service brake piston and the service oil chamber is 3.