CN113669155B - Combined power system and commercial vehicle - Google Patents
Combined power system and commercial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113669155B CN113669155B CN202110979431.7A CN202110979431A CN113669155B CN 113669155 B CN113669155 B CN 113669155B CN 202110979431 A CN202110979431 A CN 202110979431A CN 113669155 B CN113669155 B CN 113669155B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/32—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the fuel cells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
- H01M2250/407—Combination of fuel cells with mechanical energy generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a combined power system and a commercial vehicle, wherein the combined power system comprises a diesel engine system, a fuel cell system, an air inlet system, an exhaust system and a heat exchange system; the air inlet system comprises an air inlet assembly and a first control valve, the air inlet assembly is respectively communicated with the atmosphere and a first port of the first control valve, a second port of the first control valve is communicated with the diesel engine system, and a third port of the first control valve is communicated with the fuel cell system; the exhaust system comprises an exhaust assembly and a second control valve, wherein the exhaust assembly is communicated with a first exhaust port of the second control valve and the atmosphere respectively. The invention can reduce the structural complexity of the combined power system, is convenient for the coordinated control of the power system, reduces the control difficulty, can avoid the starting of the fuel cell under the working condition of lower temperature, and prolongs the service life of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a combined power system and a commercial vehicle.
Background
Commercial trucks often pollute the atmosphere due to excessive emissions, and the power system of the commercial vehicle has become a trend along with the promotion of environmental governance work. At present, the power system of the commercial vehicle mainly comprises: diesel engines, electric motors, fuel cells, etc. The diesel engine technology is mature, the system is safe and reliable, but the problems of limitation of oil consumption and emission regulations exist; the pure electric mode of the motor is quick in acceleration and zero in emission, but has the problems of endurance mileage and charging; the fuel cell has the advantages of high efficiency, zero emission and long mileage, but the hydrogenation facilities are few, and the technology is relatively immature.
The single commercial vehicle power system can not meet the multi-scene vehicle-mounted application due to the technical bottleneck of the single commercial vehicle power system, and the combination of the multiple power systems gradually becomes a trend, but the combination of the multiple power systems in the prior art is generally a simple combination of various single power systems, the system structure is complex due to the adoption of the multiple power systems, the coordination control among the power systems is difficult, and in the system combining the fuel cell and the diesel engine, the fuel cell needs to be started under the working condition with lower temperature sometimes, so that the service life of the fuel cell can be shortened.
Therefore, a combined power system and commercial vehicle is needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined power system, which can reduce the structural complexity of the combined power system, is convenient for the coordinated control of the power system, reduces the control difficulty, can avoid the starting of a fuel cell under the working condition of lower temperature, and prolongs the service life of the fuel cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a combined power system comprising:
the diesel engine system is used for providing power for the whole vehicle;
the fuel cell system is used for providing power for the whole vehicle;
the air inlet system comprises an air inlet assembly and a first control valve, the air inlet assembly is respectively communicated with the atmosphere and a first port of the first control valve, a second port of the first control valve is communicated with the diesel engine system, and a third port of the first control valve is communicated with the fuel cell system;
the first control valve is capable of controlling the first port to communicate with the second port and/or the third port;
the exhaust system comprises an exhaust assembly and a second control valve, the exhaust assembly is respectively communicated with a first exhaust port of the second control valve and the atmosphere, and a second exhaust port of the second control valve is respectively communicated with the diesel engine system and the fuel cell system;
the heat exchange system is arranged between the diesel engine system and the fuel cell system and is used for converting heat generated by the operation of the diesel engine system to the fuel cell system;
the diesel engine system comprises a diesel engine body and a first cooling water tank, the diesel engine body is communicated with the second port and the second exhaust port, and the first cooling water tank is arranged between the diesel engine body and the heat exchange system.
Optionally, the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell body, a hydrogen supply assembly and a cooling assembly, the fuel cell body is communicated with the third port and the second exhaust port, the hydrogen supply assembly is communicated with the fuel cell, and the cooling assembly is disposed between the fuel cell body and the heat exchanging system.
Optionally, the hydrogen supply assembly includes a gas tank, a gas inlet pipeline, a gas pump and a gas return pipeline, the gas inlet pipeline is respectively communicated with the gas tank and the fuel cell body, the gas return pipeline is respectively communicated with the gas tank and the fuel cell body, and the gas pump is arranged on the gas return pipeline.
Optionally, the hydrogen supply assembly further comprises a gas supply pipeline, the gas supply pipeline is respectively communicated with the gas return pipeline and the diesel engine system, and the gas supply pipeline is provided with a switch valve.
Optionally, the hydrogen supply assembly further includes a pressure relief pipeline, the pressure relief pipeline is respectively communicated with the air inlet pipeline and the air return pipeline, and a pressure relief valve is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline.
Optionally, the cooling assembly includes a second cooling water tank and a circulating water pump, and the second cooling water tank, the heat exchange system, the circulating water pump and the cooling pipeline of the fuel cell body are sequentially communicated to form a closed loop.
Optionally, the air intake assembly includes a compressor and an intercooler which are sequentially communicated, the intercooler is communicated with the first port, and the compressor is communicated with the atmosphere.
Optionally, the air supply assembly further comprises an EGR cooler, the EGR cooler is respectively communicated with the third exhaust port of the second control valve and the diesel engine system, and the second control valve can control the second exhaust port to be communicated with the third exhaust port.
The invention also aims to provide a commercial vehicle, and the invention adopts the following technical scheme for achieving the aim:
a commercial vehicle comprising a combined power system as claimed in the preceding paragraph.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the combined power system comprises a diesel engine system and a fuel cell system, wherein the diesel engine system and the fuel cell system share an air inlet system and an air outlet system through a first control valve and a second control valve; the gas supply of the diesel engine system and/or the fuel cell system can be realized by controlling the first control valve, so that three modes of independent work of the diesel engine system, independent work of the fuel cell system and work of the diesel engine system and the fuel cell system are realized, the coordination control of the power system is facilitated, and the control difficulty is reduced; through set up heat transfer system between diesel engine system and fuel cell system, can be with the heat conversion that diesel engine system work produced to fuel cell system department, because the diesel engine starts to be very mature technique at low temperature, the heat that utilizes diesel engine system work to produce heats fuel cell system, thereby make fuel cell avoid starting under the lower operating mode of temperature, prevent that fuel cell from freezing at low temperature, accelerate fuel cell system's cold start speed, reduce the electric current of cold start, promote fuel cell's life.
The commercial vehicle provided by the invention comprises the combined power system, the structural complexity of the combined power system can be reduced, the coordinated control of the power system is facilitated, the control difficulty is reduced, the fuel cell can be prevented from being started under the working condition of low temperature, and the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined power system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing NOx emissions test results for a combined power system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a test of the thermal efficiency of a diesel engine system in a combined power system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of soot emissions testing of a diesel engine system in a combined power system according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a diesel engine system; 11. a diesel engine body; 12. a first cooling water tank; 2. a fuel cell system; 21. A gas tank; 22. a pressure regulating valve; 221. a pressure relief valve; 23. a gas flow meter; 24. a fuel cell body; 25. a moisture separator; 26. an air pump; 27. switching the control valve; 28. a second cooling water tank; 29. a water circulating pump; 3. an air intake system; 31. a first control valve; 32. a compressor; 33. an intercooler; 34. an intake air flow meter; 4. an exhaust system; 41. a second control valve; 42. a turbine; 43. a motor; 5. an EGR cooler; 6. a heat exchange system.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings and the embodiment. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the features relevant to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Commercial trucks often pollute the atmosphere due to excessive emissions, and the transformation of a power system of a commercial vehicle becomes a trend along with the propulsion of environmental governance work. In the prior art, different power devices are integrated together, so that the advantages of the different power devices are well exerted, and the respective disadvantages are avoided. However, the existing combined system is complex in structure, and in a combined power system with the fuel cell, the service life of the fuel cell is shortened due to the fact that the fuel cell is used for a long time under a cold starting working condition.
In order to reduce the structural complexity of the combined power system, facilitate the coordinated control of the power system, reduce the control difficulty, avoid the starting of the fuel cell under the working condition of lower temperature and prolong the service life of the fuel cell, as shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a combined power system. This combination driving system includes: the system comprises a diesel engine system 1, a fuel cell system 2, an air inlet system 3, an exhaust system 4 and a heat exchange system 6.
The diesel engine system 1 and the fuel cell system 2 are used for providing power for the whole vehicle; the air intake system 3 comprises an air intake assembly and a first control valve 31, the air intake assembly is respectively communicated with the atmosphere and a first port of the first control valve 31, a second port of the first control valve 31 is communicated with the diesel engine system 1, and a third port of the first control valve 31 is communicated with the fuel cell system 2; the first control valve 31 is capable of controlling the first port to communicate with the second port and/or the third port; the exhaust system 4 comprises an exhaust assembly and a second control valve 41, the exhaust assembly is respectively communicated with a first exhaust port of the second control valve 41 and the atmosphere, and a second exhaust port of the second control valve 41 is respectively communicated with the diesel engine system 1 and the fuel cell system 2; the heat exchanging system 6 is disposed between the diesel engine system 1 and the fuel cell system 2, and is used for transferring heat generated by the operation of the diesel engine system 1 to the fuel cell system 2.
The diesel engine system 1 and the fuel cell system 2 share the air inlet system 3 and the exhaust system 4 through the first control valve 31 and the second control valve 41, the coupling performance of the diesel engine system 1 and the fuel cell system 2 can be improved through the arrangement, the original mutually independent air inlet system 3 and the original mutually independent exhaust system 4 are designed into a shared form, the structure of a power system is simplified, and the structural complexity of a combined power system is reduced; the gas supply to the diesel engine system 1 and/or the fuel cell system 2 can be realized by controlling the first control valve 31, so that three modes of independent work of the diesel engine system 1, independent work of the fuel cell system 2 and work of the diesel engine system 1 and the fuel cell system 2 are realized, the coordination control of a power system is facilitated, and the control difficulty is reduced. An intake air flow meter 34 is provided on a pipe for intake air of the fuel cell system 2 for detecting the amount of air taken into the fuel cell system 2.
Through set up heat transfer system 6 between diesel engine system 1 and fuel cell system 2, can be in the place of fuel cell system 2 with the heat conversion that diesel engine system 1 work produced, because the diesel engine starts to be very mature technique at low temperature, utilize the heat that diesel engine system 1 work produced to heat fuel cell system 2, on the one hand, the temperature of diesel engine system 1 has been reduced, on the other hand, fuel cell avoids starting under the lower operating mode of temperature, prevent fuel cell from freezing at low temperature, accelerate fuel cell system 2's cold start speed, reduce the electric current of cold start, promote fuel cell's life.
Optionally, the diesel engine system 1 includes a diesel engine body 11 and a first cooling water tank 12, the diesel engine body 11 is communicated with the second port and the second exhaust port, and the first cooling water tank 12 is disposed between the diesel engine body 11 and the heat exchanging system 6. The diesel engine is cooled through the first cooling water tank 12 when the diesel engine works, heat is transferred to the heat exchange system 6 through the heat exchange system 6, the temperature of the heat exchange system 6 is improved, and the temperature of the diesel engine is reduced while the temperature of the heat exchange system is improved through heat exchange between the first cooling water tank 12 and the heat exchange system 6, so that the length of refrigerating the diesel engine is prolonged. In order to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the diesel engine, a fan is optionally disposed beside the first cooling water tank 12, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the first cooling water tank 12 is accelerated by the fan.
Alternatively, the fuel cell system 2 includes a fuel cell body 24, the fuel cell body 24 communicating with both the third port and the second exhaust port, a hydrogen gas supply assembly communicating with the fuel cell, and a cooling assembly provided between the fuel cell body 24 and the heat exchanging system 6. The hydrogen gas required by the reaction is supplied to the fuel cell body 24 through the hydrogen gas supply assembly, the hydrogen gas and the oxygen in the atmosphere chemically react under the action of the catalyst to generate electric energy, and the cooling assembly is used for dissipating heat generated in the reaction process of the fuel cell body 24. In a low-temperature environment, the heat from the heat exchange system 6 can be absorbed to heat the fuel cell body 24, so that the cold start speed of the fuel cell is accelerated.
Specifically, the hydrogen supply assembly includes a gas tank 21, a gas inlet line communicating with the gas tank 21 and the fuel cell body 24, a gas pump 26, and a gas return line communicating with the gas tank 21 and the fuel cell body 24, respectively, the gas pump 26 being provided on the gas return line. In this embodiment, the gas supply line is provided with an on-off control valve 27, a pressure regulating valve 22, and a gas flow meter 23, the supply of hydrogen gas is controlled by controlling the on-off of the on-off control valve 27, the supply pressure of hydrogen gas can be regulated by the pressure regulating valve 22, and the flow rate of hydrogen gas supply can be monitored by the gas flow meter 23. After hydrogen reacted in fuel cell body 24, there was partial hydrogen to carry the aqueous vapor of reaction and escaped, set up air pump 26 on the gas return line, can accelerate the speed of reflux of the hydrogen of escape, avoid the waste of hydrogen, be provided with moisture separator 25 on the gas return line in addition, can separate the vapor and the hydrogen of escape, guarantee to enter into the purity of the hydrogen in the gas pitcher 21.
Optionally, the hydrogen supply assembly further includes an air supply line, the air supply line is respectively communicated with the air return line and the diesel engine system 1, and the air supply line is provided with a switch valve. Specifically, hydrogen remaining from the operation of the fuel cell body 24 passes through the water-gas separator 25, a part of the hydrogen returns to the hydrogen tank 21 through the air pump 26, and a part of the hydrogen enters the air inlet channel of the diesel engine system 1 through the switch valve. FIG. 3 is a test result of thermal efficiency improvement of a diesel engine after hydrogen loading, and FIG. 4 is a test result of soot emission of the diesel engine after hydrogen loading. When the fuel cell does not work, the switch control valve 27 is opened, the pressure regulating valve 22 is closed, and hydrogen is taken from the hydrogen tank 21 into the cylinder of the diesel engine through the air pump 26, so that the same purpose can be achieved. The conclusion is that whether the fuel cell works or not, partial hydrogen can be discharged into the diesel engine, the heat efficiency of the diesel engine is improved, and the soot emission is reduced.
Optionally, the hydrogen supply assembly further includes a pressure relief pipeline, the pressure relief pipeline is respectively communicated with the air inlet pipeline and the air return pipeline, and a pressure relief valve 221 is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline. Through setting up relief valve 221, when pressure regulating valve 22 became invalid or hydrogen pressure was too big, hydrogen entered into the return air pipe way by the air inlet pipeline through relief valve 221 on the return air pipe way, the effect through air pump 26 was again with highly compressed hydrogen discharge to gas pitcher 21 in, guaranteed that air inlet pipeline atmospheric pressure is unlikely to too high to when guaranteeing the air feed security, even partial hydrogen is too high because of pressure, also can recycle once more, avoid the waste of hydrogen.
Optionally, the cooling assembly comprises a second cooling water tank 28 and a circulating water pump 29, and the cooling pipelines of the second cooling water tank 28, the heat exchange system 6, the circulating water pump 29 and the fuel cell body 24 are communicated in sequence to form a closed loop. Specifically, deposit the deionized water in the second cooling water tank 28, can guarantee to carry out effective cooling to fuel cell body 24, prevent to cause the corruption to fuel cell body 24 simultaneously, through circulating water pump 29 with higher speed the water flow, through communicating with heat transfer system 6, can heat fuel cell in the cooling line of fuel cell body 24 with the heat transfer that diesel engine work produced.
Alternatively, the air intake assembly includes a compressor 32 and an intercooler 33 in series communication, the intercooler 33 being in communication with the first port, the compressor 32 being in communication with the atmosphere. The diesel engine system 1 and the fuel cell system 2 adopt the same air inlet system 3, so that the integration level of the combined power system can be improved, and the use of parts is reduced.
Further, the system design realizes that the fuel cell and the diesel engine share one set of air inlet system 3 and exhaust system 4, which comprises the air compressor 32, the motor 43 and the turbine 42, and can realize air pressurization and waste gas energy recovery of the diesel engine. The exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell is introduced into a high-pressure EGR system of the diesel engine, and a set of exhaust system 4 is omitted. The remaining exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell body 24 can be discharged through the exhaust system 4 of the diesel engine.
Optionally, the combined power system further comprises an air supply assembly, the air supply assembly comprises an EGR cooler 5, the EGR cooler 5 is respectively communicated with the third exhaust port of the second control valve 41 and the diesel engine system 1, and the second control valve 41 can control the second exhaust port to be communicated with the third exhaust port. Through the arrangement, clean waste gas with low oxygen content and high humidity generated by the reaction of the fuel cell body 24 can be mixed with fresh air through the second control valve 41 and the EGR cooler 5 and enter the cylinder of the diesel engine body 11, and because the latent heat of vaporization of water is large, the combustion temperature in the cylinder can be effectively reduced when the high-humidity waste gas enters the cylinder of the diesel engine, and a low-temperature oxygen-poor state is created. The generation mechanism of the NOx is high-temperature oxygen enrichment, and the NOx emission of the diesel engine can be effectively reduced by adopting the mode. Fig. 2 shows the test results of this mode, wherein CC represents clean, low temperature (cold) exhaust gas produced by the fuel cell, DH represents dirty, high temperature (hot) exhaust gas in the diesel high pressure EGR scheme, and DC represents dirty, low temperature (cold) exhaust gas in the diesel low pressure EGR scheme, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The test results show that compared with the DH scheme, the NOx of the CC scheme is obviously reduced, the effect of the CC scheme is basically consistent with that of the DC scheme, but the CC scheme can effectively prolong the service life of an EGR system due to the cleanness of exhaust gas, and the DC scheme has the influence on the service life of an impeller of the supercharger compressor 32 due to HC and other corrosive substances in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine body 11.
The embodiment also provides a commercial vehicle, which comprises the combined power system as the right, can reduce the structural complexity of the combined power system, is convenient for the coordinated control of the power system, reduces the control difficulty, can avoid the fuel cell from being started under the working condition of lower temperature, and prolongs the service life of the fuel cell.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A combined power system, comprising:
the diesel engine system (1) is used for providing power for the whole vehicle;
the fuel cell system (2) is used for providing power for the whole vehicle;
an air intake system (3) comprising an air intake assembly and a first control valve (31), the air intake assembly being in communication with the atmosphere and a first port of the first control valve (31), respectively, a second port of the first control valve (31) being in communication with the diesel engine system (1), a third port of the first control valve (31) being in communication with the fuel cell system (2);
the first control valve (31) being capable of controlling the first port to communicate with the second port and/or the third port;
an exhaust system (4) comprising an exhaust assembly and a second control valve (41), the exhaust assembly being in communication with a first exhaust port of the second control valve (41) and the atmosphere, respectively, and a second exhaust port of the second control valve (41) being in communication with the diesel engine system (1) and the fuel cell system (2), respectively;
the heat exchange system (6) is arranged between the diesel engine system (1) and the fuel cell system (2) and is used for converting heat generated by the operation of the diesel engine system (1) to the fuel cell system (2);
the diesel engine system (1) comprises a diesel engine body (11) and a first cooling water tank (12), the diesel engine body (11) is communicated with the second port and the second exhaust port, and the first cooling water tank (12) is arranged between the diesel engine body (11) and the heat exchange system (6).
2. A combined power system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell system (2) includes a fuel cell body (24), a hydrogen gas supply assembly, and a cooling assembly, the fuel cell body (24) communicating with both the third port and the second exhaust port, the hydrogen gas supply assembly communicating with the fuel cell, the cooling assembly being provided between the fuel cell body (24) and the heat exchange system (6).
3. A combined power system according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydrogen supply assembly comprises a gas tank (21), an intake line communicating with the gas tank (21) and the fuel cell body (24), respectively, an air pump (26), and a gas return line communicating with the gas tank (21) and the fuel cell body (24), respectively, the air pump (26) being provided on the gas return line.
4. The combined power system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hydrogen supply assembly further comprises a gas supply line, the gas supply line is communicated with the gas return line and the diesel engine system (1), respectively, and an on-off valve is disposed on the gas supply line.
5. The combined power system according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogen supply assembly further comprises a pressure relief pipeline, the pressure relief pipeline is respectively communicated with the air inlet pipeline and the air return pipeline, and a pressure relief valve (221) is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline.
6. The combined power system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the cooling assembly comprises a second cooling water tank (28) and a circulating water pump (29), and the cooling pipelines of the second cooling water tank (28), the circulating water pump (29), the heat exchange system (6) and the fuel cell body (24) are communicated in sequence to form a closed loop.
7. The combined power system as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the air intake assembly comprises a compressor (32) and an intercooler (33) in communication in series, the intercooler (33) being in communication with the first port, the compressor (32) being in communication with the atmosphere.
8. The combined power system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an air make-up component, wherein the air make-up component comprises an EGR cooler (5), the EGR cooler (5) is respectively communicated with the third exhaust port of the second control valve (41) and the diesel engine system (1), and the second control valve (41) can control the second exhaust port to be communicated with the third exhaust port.
9. A commercial vehicle comprising the combined power system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| JP6222050B2 (en) * | 2014-11-15 | 2017-11-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system and control method of fuel cell system |
| DE102016220978A1 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-04-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | fuel cell device |
| CN108346842A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-31 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of automobile power cell low temperature assisted heating device using phase change heat accumulator |
| CN109291830B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-12-20 | 吉林大学 | Fuel cell automobile thermal management system and control method thereof |
| CN109860664A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-07 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Fuel battery cathode with proton exchange film side gas humidity regulating system and its method |
| CN111933977A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-11-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Fuel cell-turbocharged internal combustion engine hybrid power generation system |
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