CN113659976A - Differential signal bidirectional isolation communication circuit and method - Google Patents
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- H03K19/0175—Coupling arrangements; Interface arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
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- H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a bidirectional isolation communication circuit and a method for differential signals, wherein the circuit comprises a first detection circuit, a second detection circuit and a third detection circuit, wherein the first detection circuit is used for receiving a first differential signal from a first direction, converting the first differential signal into a first level signal and inhibiting common mode interference; the second detection circuit is used for receiving a second differential signal from a second direction, converting the second differential signal into a second level signal and suppressing common mode interference; the isolation adjusting circuit is arranged between the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit and used for carrying out communication isolation; and the watchdog circuit is used for awakening according to the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal and enabling the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode from a low-current working mode so as to carry out communication isolation.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of electronic differential communication, in particular to a differential signal bidirectional isolation communication circuit and a differential signal bidirectional isolation communication method.
Background
In order to enable the electronic differential communication of the automobile to have stronger anti-jamming capability, the information is bidirectionally transmitted by using differential signals like a CAN bus, a daisy chain and the like. In a new energy automobile or other new energy high-voltage energy storage systems, because the voltage of a battery is as high as 400V or more, isolation measures are required for communication between ECUs or communication between partial circuits with different voltage levels in the ECUs due to the requirements of high-voltage safety and communication quality.
Various devices are available on the market to realize isolated communication, such as a magnetic coupling isolation chip or a capacitive coupling isolation special chip, which has a certain electromagnetic interference suppression capability and CAN realize single-level signal isolation, but cannot be applied to differential signal isolation such as CAN and daisy chain. Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) is a high speed interface commonly used in higher performance converters and high bandwidth FPGAs or ascii/O. Differential signal transmission has strong inhibition capability on external electromagnetic interference (EMI), but the input differential amplitude of a similar isolation chip is lower, generally below 0.5V, and the input voltage range is lower than 2.5V, and a differential amplifier is designed into a circuit with low swing and low current for realizing high-speed communication of the similar chip, so that the differential amplifier cannot be adapted to CAN and daisy chain within the input voltage range of 4.5V-5V. Another common approach to isolation measures like differential signaling is to use passive devices such as communication transformers or high voltage capacitors. Because the capacitor is short-circuited in the hot plug process, devices such as the battery core management chip and the like bear higher electrical stress, and because of energy limitation, the communication distance is limited, and only in-board communication application is recommended. The communication transformer which is commonly used for inter-board communication isolation is limited in the current process level, mass automatic production cannot be realized, and the failure rate of the communication transformer is much higher than that of other electronic components, so that the system function is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a circuit and a method for bi-directional isolation communication of differential signals, which overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
The embodiment of the application provides a two-way isolation communication circuit of difference signal, includes: the first detection circuit is used for receiving a first differential signal from a first direction, converting the first differential signal into a first level signal and suppressing common mode interference; the second detection circuit is used for receiving a second differential signal from a second direction, converting the second differential signal into a second level signal and suppressing common mode interference; the isolation adjusting circuit is arranged between the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit and used for carrying out communication isolation; and the watchdog circuit is used for awakening according to the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal and enabling the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode from a low-current working mode so as to carry out communication isolation.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the isolation adjustment circuit includes: a first drive circuit for driving the first detector circuit in accordance with an input signal from a second direction; a second drive circuit for driving the second detector circuit in accordance with an input signal from a first direction; a first adjusting circuit, connected to the first detector circuit, for converting the first level signal into a first high frequency signal; a second adjusting circuit, connected to the second detector circuit, for converting the second level signal into a second high frequency signal; the third adjusting circuit is used for being connected with the first driving circuit and converting a third level signal input into the first driving circuit into a third high-frequency signal; a fourth adjusting circuit, which is connected to the second driving circuit and converts a fourth level signal inputted to the second driving circuit into a fourth high frequency signal; a first isolation device for connecting between the first adjustment circuit and the fourth adjustment circuit; a second isolation device for connection between the second adjustment circuit and the third adjustment circuit.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: and the wake-up circuit is used for obtaining power supply in a low-current working mode and waking up the watchdog circuit.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: and the third isolating device is connected between the second differential signal and the wake-up circuit, and awakens the watchdog circuit through the wake-up circuit when the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal exist.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the first isolation component and/or the second isolation component and/or the third isolation component are high voltage isolation.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: and the power supply device is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit normally to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode when the watchdog circuit is awakened, and otherwise, supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit with low power consumption to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a low-current working mode.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the power supply apparatus includes: the wide-input linear voltage regulator is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit normally so as to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode; and the low-power-consumption linear voltage regulator is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit in a low-power-consumption mode so as to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a low-current working mode.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the power supply device further includes: and the secondary side circuit module is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit on the other side of the bidirectional isolation communication circuit.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: a first resistor connected between two input terminals of the first detector circuit, and forming a first differential signal at the two input terminals of the first detector circuit; and a second resistor connected between the two input terminals of the second detector circuit, and forming a second differential signal at the two input terminals of the second detector circuit.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the first detector circuit and/or the second detector circuit is a two-stage differential amplifier circuit, and the two-stage differential amplifier circuit includes a two-follower circuit composed of a first amplifier and a second amplifier, a bias circuit, and an operational amplifier, and outputs a differential signal after subtraction.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a method for bidirectional isolation communication of differential signals, including: receiving a first differential signal from a first direction, converting the first differential signal into a first level signal, and suppressing common mode interference; receiving a second differential signal from a second direction, converting the second differential signal into a second level signal, and suppressing common mode interference; and according to the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal, awakening, and entering a normal working mode from a low-current working mode to perform communication isolation on the input signal.
In the embodiments of the present application, the first detector circuit and the second detector circuit receive the first differential signal from the first direction and the second differential signal from the second direction, respectively, and convert the first differential signal into the first level signal and convert the second differential signal into the second level signal, respectively, thereby suppressing the common mode interference. According to the embodiment of the application, the level characteristics such as frequency, amplitude and the like of signals are not changed at the input end and the output end, and bidirectional awakening and bidirectional transmission of communication can be realized.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail hereinafter by way of illustration and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical high voltage battery management system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a distributed system isolation communication circuit according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an on-board level isolated communication application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a differential signal bidirectional isolation communication circuit;
FIG. 5 is a power diagram of the first direction side differential signal bidirectional isolation communication circuit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a differential circuit architecture of the detector circuit;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a distributed system isolated communication method according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Generally, a high-voltage battery management system is shown in fig. 1, and mainly monitors and manages a system in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series. ICn is a cell voltage acquisition chip, and isoICn is a semiconductor isolating device. The differential signals are passed stage by stage through the isoICn. In a distributed system, 2 isoicns are required for inter-board communication to ensure the battery compatibility of a single board, such as the isolated communication application of the distributed system shown in fig. 2. For a centralized system ICn and ICn +1, only one isolation device is required, as in the on-board level isolation communication application of fig. 3.
For systems for on-board level isolated communication applications, the isolated chip power may be provided separately by isolated two-sided power supplies. The power supply for the isolated communication of the distributed system can be provided by a vehicle-mounted storage battery and a side onboard power supply in a unified manner. The on-board level power supply may be 5V, which may be provided by the AFE in the battery management system. The vehicle-mounted battery is usually a 12V or 24V power supply. The LDO at one side of the isolation chip is in a wide voltage range and is suitable for 5V/12V/24V power supply.
The following further describes specific implementation of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
An embodiment of the present application provides a differential signal bidirectional isolation communication circuit, as shown in fig. 4, the circuit includes: the first detection circuit U1 is configured to receive a first differential signal from a first direction, convert the first differential signal into a first level signal, and suppress common mode interference. And a second detection circuit U5, for receiving the second differential signal from the second direction, converting the second differential signal into a second level signal, and suppressing common mode interference. And an isolation adjustment circuit 1 provided between the first detector circuit U1 and the second detector circuit U5 for performing communication isolation. And the watchdog circuit U12 is used for waking up according to the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode from a low-current working mode for communication isolation.
According to the embodiment of the application, the level characteristics such as frequency, amplitude and the like of signals are not changed at the input end and the output end, and bidirectional awakening and bidirectional transmission of communication can be realized.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the isolation adjustment circuit 1 includes: and a first driving circuit U8 for driving the first detector circuit U1 according to an input signal from a second direction. And a second driving circuit U4 for driving the second detector circuit U5 according to an input signal from the first direction. And a first adjusting circuit U2, connected to the first detector circuit U1, for converting the first level signal into a first high frequency signal. And a second adjusting circuit U6 connected to the second detector circuit U5 for converting the second level signal into a second high frequency signal. And a third adjusting circuit U7, connected to the first driving circuit U2, for converting the third level signal inputted to the first driving circuit U8 into a third high frequency signal. And a fourth adjusting circuit U3, connected to the second driving circuit U4, for converting the fourth level signal inputted to the second driving circuit U4 into a fourth high frequency signal. A first isolation device U9 for connecting between the first regulation circuit U2 and the fourth regulation circuit U3. A second isolation device U10 for connecting between the second adjusting circuit U6 and the third adjusting circuit U7.
The embodiment of the application realizes bidirectional awakening and bidirectional transmission through the driving circuit, the adjusting circuit and the isolating device, and the driving circuit, the adjusting circuit and the isolating device, the detection circuit and the door closing dog are all realized by adopting semiconductor isolating devices. The semiconductor isolating device adopted by the embodiment of the application replaces a communication transformer or a capacitor, electronic elements with many manual production links are eliminated, the failure rate of a circuit is obviously improved, and the yield and the reliability of products can be obviously improved. The semiconductor isolating device adopted by the embodiment of the application can avoid the impact of surge current in the hot plugging process on the chip and peripheral devices, and obviously improves the reliability of products. Compared with the existing scheme of the isolating device, the differential signal transmission such as daisy chain can be realized, and the system power supply scheme can be simplified. The invention realizes differential signal transmission by using the semiconductor isolating device with smaller volume, and is beneficial to the miniaturization and thinning of products.
In another specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application further includes a wake-up circuit U16, configured to obtain power supply in a low-current operating mode, and wake up the watchdog circuit U12.
The wake-up circuit U16 of the embodiment of the application is convenient for accurately executing the wake-up operation, and isolation communication failure caused by untimely wake-up operation is avoided.
In another specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application further includes: a third isolation device U13 for connecting between the second differential signal and the wake-up circuit U16, when the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal is present, the watchdog circuit U12 is woken up by the wake-up circuit U16.
According to the embodiment of the application, the third isolation device U13 is used for isolating the second differential signal and the first differential signal transmitted by the wake-up circuit, so that the effect of bidirectional transmission and isolation is further ensured.
Specifically, the first isolation unit U9 and/or the second isolation unit U10 and/or the third isolation unit U13 are high voltage isolation. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to high voltage isolation, but may be capacitive or magnetic isolation circuit modules.
In another specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application further includes: and the power supply device 2 is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit normally to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode when the watchdog circuit is awakened, and otherwise, supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit with low power consumption to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a low-current working mode.
Specifically, the power supply device 2 described with reference to fig. 5 includes:
and the wide-input linear voltage regulator U14 is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit normally so as to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode. And the low-power-consumption linear voltage regulator U11 is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit in a low-power-consumption mode so as to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a low-current working mode.
Specifically, the low-power linear voltage regulator U11 only charges the watchdog circuit U12 in the low-current operating mode, so that the maximum output current is small, and the low-power design is easily implemented.
When the watchdog circuit U12 is awakened by the awakening circuit U16, the wide input linear voltage regulator U14 is controlled by the control switch to normally supply power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit so that the bidirectional isolation communication circuit enters a normal working mode, otherwise, the watchdog circuit U12 is controlled by the control switch to enable the low power consumption linear voltage regulator U11 to perform low power consumption power supply to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit so that the bidirectional isolation communication circuit enters a low current working mode.
Specifically, the power supply device 2 further includes:
and the secondary side circuit module U15 is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit on the other side of the bidirectional isolation communication circuit.
Compared with the structure optimization of the existing isolation device on the power module circuit, the embodiment of the application can realize low standby power consumption and bidirectional awakening.
The embodiment of the application further comprises:
and a first resistor R1 for connection between the two input terminals of the first detector circuit, and forming a first differential signal at the two input terminals of the first detector circuit. And a second resistor R2 for connection between the two input terminals of the second detector circuit, and forming a second differential signal at the two input terminals of the second detector circuit.
In still another specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 6, the first detector circuit and/or the second detector circuit in the embodiment of the present application are two-stage differential amplifier circuits, and the two-stage differential amplifier circuit includes a two-follower circuit formed by a first amplifier AMP1 and a second amplifier AMP2, a BIAS circuit BIAS, and an operational amplifier AMP3, which outputs a differential signal after subtraction for input of the regulator circuit.
In order to adapt to differential signals with different voltage amplitudes and driving currents, the external of the isolation circuit can be connected with resistors at the ends R1 and R2 in series and in parallel for adjusting the maximum amplitude of the output voltage. So as to adapt to the level amplitude adjustment of different differential input circuits.
The related differential signal bidirectional isolation communication circuit is prepared into a semiconductor device for implementation. A multi-chip module structure (MCM) is adopted to respectively prepare a circuit and an isolating device, then the two modules are electrically connected through lead bonding, and a single semiconductor device is prepared through packaging.
Corresponding to the above circuit, the present application further provides a method for bidirectional isolated communication of differential signals, referring to fig. 7, where the method includes:
s1, receiving a first differential signal from a first direction, converting the first differential signal into a first level signal, and suppressing common mode interference;
s2, receiving a second differential signal from a second direction, converting the second differential signal into a second level signal, and suppressing common mode interference;
and S3, waking up according to the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal, and entering a normal working mode from a low-current working mode to perform communication isolation on the input signal.
According to the embodiment of the application, the level characteristics such as frequency, amplitude and the like of signals are not changed at the input end and the output end, and bidirectional awakening and bidirectional transmission of communication can be realized.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, all the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus and system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, they are described in a relatively simple manner, and reference may be made to some of the descriptions of the method embodiments for related points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts suggested as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only one specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (11)
1. A differential signal bidirectional isolation communication circuit, comprising:
the first detection circuit is used for receiving a first differential signal from a first direction, converting the first differential signal into a first level signal and suppressing common mode interference;
the second detection circuit is used for receiving a second differential signal from a second direction, converting the second differential signal into a second level signal and suppressing common mode interference;
the isolation adjusting circuit is arranged between the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit and used for carrying out communication isolation;
and the watchdog circuit is used for awakening according to the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal and enabling the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode from a low-current working mode so as to carry out communication isolation.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the isolation adjustment circuit comprises:
a first drive circuit for driving the first detector circuit in accordance with an input signal from a second direction;
a second drive circuit for driving the second detector circuit in accordance with an input signal from a first direction;
a first adjusting circuit, connected to the first detector circuit, for converting the first level signal into a first high frequency signal;
a second adjusting circuit, connected to the second detector circuit, for converting the second level signal into a second high frequency signal;
the third adjusting circuit is used for being connected with the first driving circuit and converting a third level signal input into the first driving circuit into a third high-frequency signal;
a fourth adjusting circuit, which is connected to the second driving circuit and converts a fourth level signal inputted to the second driving circuit into a fourth high frequency signal;
a first isolation device for connecting between the first adjustment circuit and the fourth adjustment circuit;
a second isolation device for connection between the second adjustment circuit and the third adjustment circuit.
3. The circuit of claim 2, further comprising: and the wake-up circuit is used for obtaining power supply in a low-current working mode and waking up the watchdog circuit.
4. The circuit of claim 3, further comprising: and the third isolating device is connected between the second differential signal and the wake-up circuit, and awakens the watchdog circuit through the wake-up circuit when the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal exist.
5. The circuit of claim 4, wherein the first isolation component and/or the second isolation component and/or the third isolation component is a high voltage isolation.
6. The circuit of claim 5, further comprising:
and the power supply device is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit normally to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode when the watchdog circuit is awakened, and otherwise, supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit with low power consumption to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a low-current working mode.
7. The circuit of claim 6, wherein the power supply means comprises:
the wide-input linear voltage regulator is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit normally so as to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a normal working mode;
and the low-power-consumption linear voltage regulator is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit in a low-power-consumption mode so as to enable the bidirectional isolation communication circuit to enter a low-current working mode.
8. The circuit of claim 7, wherein the power supply means further comprises:
and the secondary side circuit module is used for supplying power to the bidirectional isolation communication circuit on the other side of the bidirectional isolation communication circuit.
9. The circuit of claim 8, further comprising:
a first resistor connected between two input terminals of the first detector circuit, and forming a first differential signal at the two input terminals of the first detector circuit;
and a second resistor connected between the two input terminals of the second detector circuit, and forming a second differential signal at the two input terminals of the second detector circuit.
10. The circuit of claim 9,
the first detection circuit and/or the second detection circuit is a two-stage differential amplification circuit, and the two-stage differential amplification circuit comprises two follower circuits consisting of a first amplifier and a second amplifier, a bias circuit and an operational amplifier, and outputs a differential signal after subtraction operation.
11. A method for bi-directional differential signal isolation communication, comprising:
receiving a first differential signal from a first direction, converting the first differential signal into a first level signal, and suppressing common mode interference;
receiving a second differential signal from a second direction, converting the second differential signal into a second level signal, and suppressing common mode interference;
and according to the first differential signal and/or the second differential signal, awakening, and entering a normal working mode from a low-current working mode to perform communication isolation on the input signal.
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