CN113659236A - Thermal management method and system for container energy storage battery - Google Patents
Thermal management method and system for container energy storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113659236A CN113659236A CN202110919646.XA CN202110919646A CN113659236A CN 113659236 A CN113659236 A CN 113659236A CN 202110919646 A CN202110919646 A CN 202110919646A CN 113659236 A CN113659236 A CN 113659236A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
- H01M10/6564—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers using compressed gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat management method and a heat management system for a container energy storage battery, which comprise three heat management branches with different operation modes; the method comprises the following steps: and acquiring environmental temperature data, opening one of the thermal management branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously. The invention solves the problems of large energy consumption, poor energy-saving effect and the like generated when the energy storage battery is used for refrigerating in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to battery thermal management, in particular to a thermal management method and system for container energy storage batteries.
Background
At present, the container energy storage system has the characteristics of large capacity, short construction period, high reliability, strong environmental adaptability and the like, and is a new development direction of new energy. Because the container energy storage system contains more electric cores, in the electric core charging and discharging process, a large amount of heat can be generated in the electric cores, and the heat can lead to the temperature rise of the electric cores in the container. Because the inside electric core of container is arranged closely, and inside air current circulation is not smooth, and different electric core charge-discharge degree are different in addition, and this can lead to electric core temperature inhomogeneous in the container, finally influences the life of electric core in the container, phenomenons such as thermal runaway appear even. Because container energy storage system size further enlarges, electric core quantity increases, and electric core energy density further improves, and this heat dissipation capacity that leads to electric core is more, relies on the air flow to carry out the heat exchange with energy storage battery natural cooling and the heat dissipation demand of electric core can not be satisfied with the forced air cooling mode. At present, air-cooled heat dissipation is gradually converted into a liquid-cooled heat dissipation mode, a heat exchange medium in a liquid-cooled heat dissipation system is cooling liquid, the cooling liquid has the advantages of large heat capacity, high heat exchange coefficient, high cooling speed and the like, and the heat exchange system is applied to a heat management system of a container energy storage battery, can effectively reduce the highest temperature of battery cores and improves the temperature difference among the battery cores.
The liquid cooling heat dissipation mode needs to take the heat in the battery package out of the container through low-temperature liquid in the pipeline, cools high-temperature liquid after heat exchange with the battery outside the container, then circulates back to the container, and cools down the battery package in cycles. The existing heat pipe technology can cool the high-temperature liquid outside the container without using a compressor, can reduce energy consumption to a certain extent, but can generate a refrigeration effect because a heat pipe system needs a large temperature difference indoors and outdoors, and the smaller the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is, the worse the refrigeration effect is, and the worse the energy-saving effect is. The heat pipe technology is applied to the north with large low-temperature weather, has good energy-saving effect, is difficult to popularize in the south of China, and the refrigeration cycle system can well solve the problem of poor refrigeration effect but increases energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a thermal management method and system for an energy storage battery of a container, and the problems of high energy consumption, poor energy-saving effect and the like generated when the energy storage battery is refrigerated in the prior art are solved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a heat management method for container energy storage batteries comprises three heat management branches with different operation modes;
the method comprises the following steps:
and acquiring environmental temperature data, opening one of the thermal management branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously.
Further, the thermal management legs for the three different operating modes include:
the first heat management branch is a liquid cooling radiator refrigeration branch, and an ATS heat dissipation system is used for cooling;
the second heat management branch is an energy-saving heat pipe refrigeration branch, and heat exchange is carried out by utilizing a liquid cooling evaporator and a second refrigerant loop;
the third heat management branch is a compressor refrigeration branch, and heat exchange is carried out by utilizing the liquid cooling evaporator and the third refrigerant loop.
Further, opening one of the cooling branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously comprises the following substeps:
and when the environmental temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature, opening the first thermal management branch, and closing the second thermal management branch and the third thermal management branch at the same time.
Further, opening one of the cooling branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously comprises the following substeps:
and when the environment temperature data is greater than the first temperature and less than the second temperature, opening the second thermal management branch and closing the first thermal management branch and the third thermal management branch.
Further, opening one of the cooling branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously comprises the following substeps:
and when the environmental temperature data is greater than or equal to a second temperature, opening the third thermal management branch and closing the first thermal management branch and the second thermal management branch at the same time.
Further, the first temperature is 5 ℃ and the second temperature is 15 ℃.
A thermal management system for a container energy storage battery includes
The water pump is used for pumping the liquid after heat exchange of the battery cores in the container energy storage battery pack into one of the heat management branches;
a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of an environment;
the first electronic three-way valve is arranged at the inlets of the three heat management branches with different operation modes and is connected to the water pump;
the second electronic three-way valve is arranged at the outlets of the three thermal management branches with different operation modes and is connected to the container energy storage battery pack;
and the control host is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first electronic three-way valve and the second electronic three-way valve according to the environment temperature data so as to open one of the heat management branches and close the other two heat management branches.
Further, the first thermal management branch comprises an ATS heat dissipation system and a fan, an inlet of the ATS heat dissipation system is connected to a first outlet of the first electronic three-way valve, and an outlet of the ATS heat dissipation system is connected to a first inlet of the second electronic three-way valve;
the second heat management branch comprises a liquid-cooled evaporator, an inlet of the liquid-cooled evaporator is connected to a second outlet of the first electronic three-way valve, and an outlet of the liquid-cooled evaporator is connected to a second inlet of the second electronic three-way valve; meanwhile, the second heat management branch is matched with a second refrigerant loop, the second refrigerant loop comprises a fluorine pump, an electronic expansion valve, the liquid-cooled evaporator, a third electronic three-way valve, a condenser, a fourth electronic three-way valve and a fluorine pump which are sequentially connected, and the fourth electronic three-way valve is connected with the fluorine pump in parallel;
the third thermal management leg is coincident with the second thermal management leg; meanwhile, the third heat management branch is matched with a third refrigerant loop, the third refrigerant loop comprises a fluorine pump, an electronic expansion valve, the liquid-cooled evaporator, a third electronic three-way valve, a compressor, a condenser, a fourth electronic three-way valve and a fluorine pump which are sequentially connected in sequence, and the fourth electronic three-way valve is connected with the fluorine pump in parallel.
In conclusion, the invention achieves the following technical effects:
1. the container energy storage battery is internally cooled by adopting a liquid cooling heat dissipation mode, so that the heat dissipation is more uniform, and the temperature difference in the energy storage battery is smaller;
2. according to the invention, three modes, namely a liquid cooling radiator mode, an energy-saving heat pipe mode and a compressor refrigeration mode, are set according to the difference of the external environment temperature of the container, the liquid cooling radiator mode or the energy-saving heat pipe mode is adopted when the outdoor environment temperature is lower in autumn and winter, and the compressor refrigeration mode is adopted when the external environment temperature is higher in summer, so that the heat dissipation form is more energy-saving and environment-friendly;
3. the energy-saving heat pipe mode and the compressor refrigeration mode are both adopted, heat in the battery cell of the energy storage container is taken away through the refrigerant, and then the heat is exchanged by the liquid cooling heat exchanger, so that the whole process is less interfered by the external environment and is more reliable;
4. the invention mainly comprises an energy storage battery pack and container external cooling equipment, and can adopt different refrigeration cycle strategies according to different external environment temperatures of the container to achieve the aim of improving the energy-saving effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooling device outside an energy storage battery of a container according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, a thermal management method for a container energy storage battery includes three thermal management branches with different operation modes, where the three thermal management branches with different operation modes include:
the first heat management branch is a liquid cooling radiator refrigeration branch, and an ATS heat dissipation system is used for cooling;
the second heat management branch is an energy-saving heat pipe refrigeration branch, and heat exchange is carried out by utilizing a liquid cooling evaporator and a second refrigerant loop;
the third heat management branch is a compressor refrigeration branch, and heat exchange is carried out by utilizing the liquid cooling evaporator and the third refrigerant loop.
The first thermal management branch is a branch independent from the container energy storage battery pack loop, the second thermal management branch is a branch independent from the container energy storage battery pack loop and the first thermal management branch, the third thermal management branch is a branch with a refrigerant loop changed on the basis of the second thermal management branch, and the third thermal management branch is overlapped to a certain extent on the second thermal management branch, which will be described later.
The heat management method comprises the following steps: and acquiring environmental temperature data, opening one of the thermal management branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously. Namely: if the temperature environment meets a certain condition, one branch meeting the condition is opened, and the other two branches not meeting the condition are closed, so that one branch and only one branch work in the same time period.
When judging whether the condition is met, the method comprises the following substeps:
when the environmental temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature t1, opening a first thermal management branch, and closing a second thermal management branch and a third thermal management branch at the same time; and the number of the first and second groups,
when the ambient temperature data is greater than the first temperature t1 and less than the second temperature t2, the second thermal management leg is opened while the first and third thermal management legs are closed, and,
and when the ambient temperature data is greater than or equal to the second temperature t2, opening the third thermal management branch, and closing the first thermal management branch and the second thermal management branch.
In this embodiment, in order to solve the influence of different ambient temperatures on the thermal management of the battery, the ambient temperature is divided into three stages, where the first temperature t1 is the first stage below, the first branch is opened at this stage, the second stage is between the first temperature t1 and the second temperature t2, the second branch is opened at this stage, and the third stage is opened at a temperature above the first temperature t 2. The method has the advantages that the environmental temperature is taken as a factor for starting a certain branch, the environmental temperature is good in measurement, conversion is not needed, and installation is convenient, temperature data can be obtained only by arranging a temperature sensor outside the battery pack, compared with a method which needs the environmental temperature and the temperature of the battery pack, the temperature data can be obtained by measuring the environmental temperature and the temperature inside the battery pack, and then the work of the certain thermal management branch can be controlled by comparing, converting and calculating the environmental temperature and the temperature of the battery pack.
During experiment and actual use, workers find that better cooling effect and energy-saving effect can be obtained by setting the first temperature to be 5 ℃ and the second temperature to be 15 ℃.
The system corresponding to the method comprises the following steps:
the water pump 2 is used for pumping the liquid after heat exchange of the battery cores in the container energy storage battery pack 1 into one of the heat management branches;
a temperature sensor 3 for detecting the temperature of the environment;
the first electronic three-way valve 4 is arranged at the inlets of the three heat management branches with different operation modes and is connected to the water pump 2;
the second electronic three-way valve 12 is arranged at the outlets of the three thermal management branches with different operation modes and is connected to the container energy storage battery pack 1;
and the control host is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first electronic three-way valve 4 and the second electronic three-way valve 12 according to the environmental temperature data so as to open one of the thermal management branches and close the other two thermal management branches.
The first thermal management branch comprises an ATS heat dissipation system 6 and a fan 7, wherein an inlet of the ATS heat dissipation system 6 is connected to a first outlet of the first electronic three-way valve 4, and an outlet of the ATS heat dissipation system 6 is connected to a first inlet of the second electronic three-way valve 12;
the second heat management branch comprises a liquid-cooled evaporator 11, an inlet of the liquid-cooled evaporator 11 is connected to a second outlet of the first electronic three-way valve 4, and an outlet of the liquid-cooled evaporator 11 is connected to a second inlet of the second electronic three-way valve 12; meanwhile, a second refrigerant loop is matched with the second heat management branch, the second refrigerant loop comprises a fluorine pump 9, an electronic expansion valve 10, a liquid-cooled evaporator 11, a third electronic three-way valve 13, a condenser 8, a fourth electronic three-way valve 14 and the fluorine pump 9 which are sequentially connected in sequence, and the fourth electronic three-way valve 14 is connected with the fluorine pump 9 in parallel;
the third thermal management branch is superposed with the second thermal management branch; meanwhile, the third thermal management branch is matched with a third refrigerant loop, the third refrigerant loop comprises a fluorine pump 9, an electronic expansion valve 10, a liquid-cooled evaporator 11, a third electronic three-way valve 13, a compressor 5, a condenser 8, a fourth electronic three-way valve 14 and a fluorine pump 9 which are sequentially connected, and the fourth electronic three-way valve 14 is connected with the fluorine pump 9 in parallel.
Therefore, the thermal management method further comprises the sub-steps of:
(1) when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 5 ℃, the first heat management branch, namely the liquid cooling radiator refrigeration branch works: the control host controls a first outlet of the first electronic three-way valve 4 to be opened, the ATS heat dissipation system 6 to be opened, a first inlet of the second electronic three-way valve 12 to be opened, the water pump 2 to be opened and the rest to be closed, liquid after heat exchange with the battery cell flows out of the container, liquid with higher temperature flows through the ATS heat dissipation system 6 through the first electronic three-way valve 4 to be cooled, and finally low-temperature liquid is conveyed into the container through the second electronic three-way valve 12 to be subjected to heat exchange with the battery cell. Because the ambient temperature is lower, the refrigeration of the heat pipe unit and the compressor is not needed at the moment, namely the second heat management branch and the third heat management branch are not needed to be opened, and the fluid in the pipeline can be reduced to the proper temperature only by the ambient temperature and the ATS heat dissipation system;
at the same time, the fan 7 is turned on for radiating heat to the ATS heat dissipation system 6.
(2) When the ambient temperature is more than 5 ℃ and less than 15 ℃, the second heat management branch, namely the energy-saving heat pipe refrigeration branch works: the control host controls a second outlet of the first electronic three-way valve 4 to be opened, a second inlet of the second electronic three-way valve 12 to be opened, the water pump 2 is opened, the liquid-cooled evaporator 11 is opened, the fluorine pump 9 is opened, the electronic expansion valve 10 is opened, the third electronic three-way valve 13 is opened, the condenser 8 is opened, the fourth electronic three-way valve 14 is opened, the rest is closed, liquid after heat exchange with the battery cell flows out of the container, liquid with higher temperature flows through the first electronic three-way valve 4 to exchange heat with the liquid-cooled evaporator 11, liquid in the pipeline is cooled to obtain low-temperature liquid, and then the low-temperature liquid is conveyed into the container through the second electronic three-way valve 12 to exchange heat with the battery cell. When the energy-saving heat pipe refrigeration mode is started, the refrigerant transmission route is as follows: fluorine pump 9 → EXV electronic expansion valve 10 → liquid cooled evaporator 11 → third electronic three-way valve 13 → condenser 8 → fourth electronic three-way valve 14 → fluorine pump 9, while the compressor 5 is off, the liquid passes through the third electronic three-way valve 13 directly to the condenser 8.
At the same time, the ATS cooling system 6 and fan 7 are turned on for cooling the condenser 8.
The ATS heat dissipation system dissipates heat from the condenser 8 at an ambient temperature of 5 c to 15 c, where the temperature of the condenser 8 is sufficient to condense the high temperature, high pressure refrigerant vapor flowing from the liquid cooled evaporator 11 into a liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant flows through the electronic expansion valve 10 through a pipeline, the liquid refrigerant with higher temperature and pressure passes through the electronic expansion valve 10, the volume is increased, the pressure and temperature are sharply reduced, and the liquid refrigerant is discharged out of the electronic expansion valve 10 in a mist shape. The electronic expansion valve 10 cross-sectional area can be dynamically adjusted to control the amount of refrigerant to ensure complete evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator.
(3) When the ambient temperature is more than or equal to 15 ℃, the third thermal management branch, namely the compressor refrigeration branch, works: the control host controls the second outlet of the first electronic three-way valve 4 to be opened, the second inlet of the second electronic three-way valve 12 to be opened, the water pump 2 is opened, the liquid-cooled evaporator 11 is opened, the fluorine pump 9 is opened, the electronic expansion valve 10 is opened, the third electronic three-way valve 13 is opened, the compressor 5 is opened, the condenser 8 is opened, the fourth electronic three-way valve 14 is opened, the rest is closed, the liquid after heat exchange with the battery cell flows out of the container, the liquid with higher temperature flows through the first electronic three-way valve 4 to exchange heat with the liquid-cooled evaporator 11, the liquid in the pipeline is cooled, so as to obtain low-temperature liquid, and then the low-temperature liquid is conveyed into the container through the second electronic three-way valve 12 to exchange heat with the battery cell.
The difference between the compressor refrigeration mode (the third thermal management branch) and the energy-saving heat pipe refrigeration mode (the second thermal management branch) is that the refrigerant transmission route is different, and the refrigerant transmission route is as follows: the fluorine pump 9 → the EXV electronic expansion valve 10 → the liquid-cooled evaporator 11 → the third electronic three-way valve 13 → the compressor 5 → the condenser 8 → the fourth electronic three-way valve 14 → the fluorine pump 9. In the case where the ambient temperature is higher than 15 c, the temperature of the condenser 8 is not sufficient to liquefy the refrigerant flowing out of the liquid-cooled evaporator 11, and an electric compressor is required. The compressor 5 operates to suck the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the liquid-cooling evaporator 11, compress the gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, discharge the gaseous refrigerant out of the compressor 5, then the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant vapor enters the condenser 8, the pressure and the temperature are both reduced, the refrigerant is changed from gaseous state to liquid state through the condenser 8, the liquid refrigerant flows through the electronic expansion valve 10 through a pipeline, the liquid refrigerant with higher temperature and pressure passes through the electronic expansion valve 10, the volume is increased, the pressure and the temperature are sharply reduced, and the liquid refrigerant is discharged out of the electronic expansion valve 10 in a mist form. The electronic expansion valve 10 cross-sectional area can be dynamically adjusted to control the amount of refrigerant to ensure complete evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator.
On the second thermal management branch and the third thermal management branch, the two share the same loop, so that components are saved, the occupied space can be reduced, the installation and use convenience is improved, and meanwhile, the weight is correspondingly reduced, and the use is convenient.
The motor and the fan blade are installed on the right opposite side of the condenser 8, the condenser 8 can exchange heat with the outside in a blowing mode, namely the fan 7 is arranged between the ATS heat dissipation system 6 and the condenser 8, the ATS heat dissipation system 6 and the condenser 8 can be considered during the working process of the fan, and the weight is reduced to a certain extent and the occupied space is reduced.
The ATS cooling system 6 employs a radiator.
The invention adopts three refrigeration modes to carry out liquid cooling heat dissipation aiming at different external environment temperatures, can effectively reduce energy consumption, and can achieve the effect of saving energy by more than 50 percent of the air conditioner all the year round by adopting the heat management system.
In the second and third thermal management branches, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 10, i.e. the cross-sectional area a of the liquid flowing through the expansion valve, is also particularly important according to the formula:
where m is the flow rate of the expansion valve, CDIs the flow coefficient, p, of the electronic expansion valve1Is the expansion valve outlet pressure, p2Is the expansion valve inlet pressure and ρ is the density of the refrigerant.
In addition, when the liquid-cooled evaporator works, the heat quantity consumed in unit time is as follows:
Q＝(T1-T2)CV,
wherein Q is the heat consumed by the liquid-cooled evaporator in 1 unit time, T1 and T2 are the temperatures of the liquid after cooling and before cooling, C is the specific heat of the refrigerant, and V is the volume of the refrigerant in 1 unit time;
since V is also the volume of the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion valve, i.e., m is V × t and t is time, m is equal to V per unit time, it can be found that:
Q＝(T1-T2)C*m，
the derivation shows:
the relationship between Q and A can be obtained;
and because: PT is Q, P is the rated power of the liquid-cooled evaporator, T is time, and Q and P are equal in value in a unit time, and therefore:
wherein, P, C, CD、ρ、p1、p2As is known, T1, T2, p1 and p2 are collected, and therefore, the cross-sectional area a at this time can be calculated.
The invention realizes the function of automatic adjustment by utilizing the control host to autonomously calculate the opening degree of the expansion valve.
The invention adopts the liquid-cooled evaporator to exchange heat with the refrigerant, and the liquid-cooled heat exchange and the air-cooled heat exchange which are commonly adopted at present have certain defects in the application process: the air-cooled heat exchange mode has small heat exchange amount and low heat exchange efficiency, and the condensing temperature of a condenser rises and the pressure of a pipeline rises in extreme high-temperature weather, so that the efficiency of the refrigerating system is reduced. In some cases, even a shutdown of the refrigeration system may result; the invention adopts the liquid cooling mode to exchange heat with the refrigerant, and has high heat exchange efficiency and good cooling effect. Compared with an air cooling heat exchange mode, the air cooling heat exchange device has stronger adaptability to severe environment and better reliability.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A thermal management method for container energy storage batteries is characterized in that: the heat management branch circuit comprises three different operation modes;
the method comprises the following steps:
and acquiring environmental temperature data, opening one of the thermal management branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously.
2. The thermal management method for the container energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermal management legs for the three different modes of operation include:
the first heat management branch is a liquid cooling radiator refrigeration branch, and an ATS heat dissipation system is used for cooling;
the second heat management branch is an energy-saving heat pipe refrigeration branch, and heat exchange is carried out by utilizing a liquid cooling evaporator and a second refrigerant loop;
the third heat management branch is a compressor refrigeration branch, and heat exchange is carried out by utilizing the liquid cooling evaporator and the third refrigerant loop.
3. The thermal management method for the container energy storage battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: opening one of the cooling branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously comprises the following substeps:
and when the environmental temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature, opening the first thermal management branch, and closing the second thermal management branch and the third thermal management branch at the same time.
4. The thermal management method for the container energy storage battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: opening one of the cooling branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously comprises the following substeps:
and when the environment temperature data is greater than the first temperature and less than the second temperature, opening the second thermal management branch and closing the first thermal management branch and the third thermal management branch.
5. The thermal management method for the container energy storage battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: opening one of the cooling branches according to the environmental temperature data, and closing the other two thermal management branches simultaneously comprises the following substeps:
and when the environmental temperature data is greater than or equal to a second temperature, opening the third thermal management branch and closing the first thermal management branch and the second thermal management branch at the same time.
6. The thermal management method for the container energy storage battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first temperature is 5 ℃ and the second temperature is 15 ℃.
7. A thermal management system for container energy storage batteries, characterized by: comprises that
The water pump (2) is used for pumping the liquid after heat exchange of the battery cores in the container energy storage battery pack (1) into one of the heat management branches;
a temperature sensor (3) for detecting the temperature of the environment;
the first electronic three-way valve (4) is arranged at the inlets of the three heat management branches with different operation modes and is connected to the water pump (2);
the second electronic three-way valve (12) is arranged at the outlets of the three thermal management branches with different operation modes and is connected to the container energy storage battery pack (1);
and the control host is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first electronic three-way valve (4) and the second electronic three-way valve (12) according to the environment temperature data so as to open one of the heat management branches and close the other two heat management branches.
8. The thermal management system for the container energy storage battery of claim 7, wherein:
the first thermal management branch comprises an ATS heat dissipation system (6) and a fan (7), wherein an inlet of the ATS heat dissipation system (6) is connected to a first outlet of the first electronic three-way valve (4), and an outlet of the ATS heat dissipation system (6) is connected to a first inlet of the second electronic three-way valve (12);
the second heat management branch comprises a liquid-cooled evaporator (11), an inlet of the liquid-cooled evaporator (11) is connected to a second outlet of the first electronic three-way valve (4), and an outlet of the liquid-cooled evaporator (11) is connected to a second inlet of the second electronic three-way valve (12); meanwhile, the second heat management branch is matched with a second refrigerant loop, the second refrigerant loop comprises a fluorine pump (9), an electronic expansion valve (10), the liquid cooling evaporator (11), a third electronic three-way valve (13), a condenser (8), a fourth electronic three-way valve (14) and a fluorine pump (9), which are sequentially connected, and the fourth electronic three-way valve (14) is connected with the fluorine pump (9) in parallel;
the third thermal management leg is coincident with the second thermal management leg; meanwhile, the third thermal management branch is matched with a third refrigerant loop, the third refrigerant loop comprises a fluorine pump (9), an electronic expansion valve (10), the liquid cooling evaporator (11), a third electronic three-way valve (13), a compressor (5), a condenser (8), a fourth electronic three-way valve (14) and a fluorine pump (9), which are sequentially connected in sequence, and the fourth electronic three-way valve (14) is connected with the fluorine pump (9) in parallel.
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