CN217768486U - Thermal management system of energy storage container - Google Patents

Thermal management system of energy storage container Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217768486U
CN217768486U CN202221652828.1U CN202221652828U CN217768486U CN 217768486 U CN217768486 U CN 217768486U CN 202221652828 U CN202221652828 U CN 202221652828U CN 217768486 U CN217768486 U CN 217768486U
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energy storage
storage container
loop
temperature
battery
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谭柏川
胡昊
覃旗开
杨金辉
吴贵超
张继鑫
张俊芳
胡攀
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South Air International Co Ltd
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South Air International Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The utility model relates to a thermal management system of energy storage container belongs to energy storage battery container field. The system comprises a cooling water loop and a refrigerant loop, wherein the refrigerant loop comprises a compressor, a fluorine pump, a four-way valve, a condenser, an expansion valve, a second stop valve, a battery cooler, a first stop valve, an evaporator, an electronic fan, a gas-liquid separator, a third stop valve and a fourth stop valve, and pipelines of the refrigerant loop are connected with all parts. The cooling water loop comprises a water pump, a three-way valve with two branches of an energy storage battery pack, a high-pressure PTC and a low-temperature radiator. The utility model discloses can carry out high-efficient accurate management to energy storage container battery temperature, satisfy economic environmental protection's requirement, extend energy storage container's use scene, increase of service life simultaneously.

Description

Thermal management system of energy storage container
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to energy storage battery container field relates to a thermal management system of energy storage container.
Background
In recent years, energy storage power stations have been promoted to develop opportunities due to various factors such as domestic green environmental protection requirements, implementation of peak-valley electricity price policies, new energy power generation rise, and requirements of productive enterprises for stable power utilization. However, in battery energy storage power stations, especially in battery energy storage containers, such as devices with high energy density and closed structures, due to the characteristics of high heat dissipation capacity, full-season operation and the like, accurate management of the battery pack temperature and long-term stable operation of an air conditioning system are required, and meanwhile, the air conditioning system needs to be as economical and energy-saving as possible in operation, which provides a new challenge for the air conditioning system of the battery energy storage container.
Each module laminating of energy storage battery is inseparable in the energy storage container, container inner space is narrow and small, simultaneously because of its energy density is big, factor of safety requires highly, need carry out accurate management to the heat that gives off in battery measurement and the storage process, avoid too big because of battery temperature variation, lead to the internal resistance of battery to increase the life who harms the battery and then influence energy storage equipment, can arouse even when serious that battery thermal unbalance leads to spontaneous combustion, explosion to take place. In cold weather places, the battery capacity is reduced due to the increase in the flow resistance of positive and negative ions because the activity of the internal substances of the battery in the energy storage container is reduced due to the low-temperature environment. At the moment, the battery needs to be subjected to heating and heat preservation treatment, so that the condition that the function of the energy storage container is weakened or invalid due to the fact that the power failure at low temperature exceeds the standard in the electric quantity storage process is avoided; or in the early charging and discharging stage of the energy storage battery, the activity of ions in the battery is reduced due to low temperature, so that the charging and discharging efficiency does not meet the requirement of quick charging and quick discharging. Therefore, in cold weather, it becomes very important to heat up, preserve heat and insulate the energy storage battery. At present, the environment protection, energy conservation and emission reduction are advocated, and how to make the heat management of the energy storage container more economic and environment-friendly and prolong the service life of the energy storage container is very important.
The existing energy storage container mainly has two modes of wind cooling and liquid cooling for heat management. The air duct and the air volume distribution device occupying a large space in the air-cooled heat management method can extrude the storage space of the battery in the container to reduce the capacity of the battery, and the method is high in energy consumption, low in energy efficiency, high in difficulty in accurate management of the temperature of the battery and high in development difficulty. The existing liquid cooling system has the defects of single function, low COP energy efficiency and poor economic and environmental protection performance.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims to provide a thermal management system of energy storage container carries out high-efficient accurate management to energy storage container battery temperature, satisfies economic environmental protection's requirement, extends energy storage container's use scene, increase of service life simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
a thermal management system for an energy storage container, comprising;
the first loop comprises an energy storage battery pack, a three-way valve, a low-temperature radiator and a water pump which are sequentially arranged, and the first loop is connected to the energy storage battery pack in a return mode;
the second loop is communicated to the battery cooler and sequentially comprises an evaporator, a first stop valve and a second stop valve;
the third loop is communicated with the four-way valve and sequentially comprises a gas-liquid separator, a third stop valve and a fluorine pump;
the first loop is a cooling water loop, and the second loop and the third loop are refrigerant loops.
Optionally, the three-way valve is connected with a first branch, and the first branch is connected in parallel with the low-temperature radiator; the first branch includes a battery cooler and a PTC in a direction away from the three-way valve.
Optionally, the second loop is connected to a second branch, the second branch sequentially includes a four-way valve, a condenser and an expansion valve, and the second branch is connected in parallel to the evaporator and the first cut-off valve.
Optionally, a third branch is connected to the third loop, and the third branch sequentially includes a fourth stop valve and a compressor.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the utility model discloses under the battery pack heat dissipation demand condition of energy storage battery at different ambient temperature and difference, a novel liquid cooling type energy storage container battery thermal management system has been developed. The system adopts different modes to carry out accurate heat management, meets the temperature management requirement of the battery with the lowest energy consumption, and simultaneously improves the reliability of the heat management system. The system has the advantages that the system is low in energy consumption, high in COP value, capable of reducing the frequency of frequent starting and stopping of a refrigerant loop and capable of improving the running reliability of the system, and various heat dissipation scenes are developed in a targeted mode according to different heat dissipation grade conditions of the battery pack in the energy storage container.
The utility model discloses having extended the application environment of energy storage container, under low temperature environment, adopting two kinds of combination scenes of economic and energy-conserving air conditioning system heat pump system and PTC heating element to satisfy heat preservation and intensification demand under the different work condition of group battery in the energy storage container, reduce the influence of low temperature environment to battery capacity, energy storage container function weakening or the unable high efficiency that leads to of falling the electricity of the battery of avoiding low temperature factor to arouse charges. Under the condition that the battery pack of the energy storage container needs to be insulated and heated, the heat pump working mode of the air conditioning system is fully utilized to reduce energy consumption, so that low-carbon economy and environmental protection are realized. In consideration of the possible insufficient heating capacity, the water cooling system is connected with a high-voltage PTC with adjustable power in series to meet the requirements of different levels of heating capacity. Through the combined mode, the effects of rapid temperature rise of the battery pack in the early stage and low energy consumption and continuous heat preservation in the heat pump mode in the later stage can be achieved, and the optimal balance is achieved between economy and functionality.
The utility model discloses when the inside humidity of energy storage container is great, use air conditioner refrigeration dehumidification mode, reduce humid air to the adverse effect of the inside electronic circuit of energy storage container, prolong energy storage container electrical component's life, reinforcing energy storage container operation process gets stability and reliability. Under the environment of high humidity, the moisture in the air is easy to accelerate the internal corrosion of the equipment facilities of the energy storage container, thereby shortening the service life of the energy storage container; and secondly, the electric devices in the energy storage container are easy to cause faults such as short circuit, spark, unstable operation and the like due to high-humidity air, so that the reliability of the system is reduced. Can carry out dehumidification processing through dehumidification mode to inside air this moment, complete inner loop can be accomplished through control air door to this kind of mode, does not trade wind or dispel the heat outward, guarantees the stability of the inside air temperature of energy storage container and humidity.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and/or combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first cooling mode of operation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the second cooling mode operation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a third cooling mode of operation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fourth cooling mode of operation;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the first heating mode;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a second heating mode;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the dehumidification mode operation.
Reference numerals: the system comprises a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a condenser 3, an expansion valve 4, a first stop valve 5, an evaporator 6, a second stop valve 7, a battery cooler 8, a fan 9, a gas-liquid separator 10, a third stop valve 11, a fourth stop valve 12, a fluorine pump 13, a PTC14, a water pump 15, an energy storage battery pack 16, a three-way valve 17 and a low-temperature radiator 18.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples can be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention, the figures are shown in schematic form and not in pictorial form; for a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the terms according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a heat management system for an energy storage container is shown, in which a refrigerant circuit includes a compressor 1, a fluorine pump 13, a four-way valve 2, a condenser 3, an expansion valve 4, a second stop valve 7, a battery cooler 8, a first stop valve 5, an evaporator 6, an electronic fan 9, a gas-liquid separator 10, a third stop valve 11, and a fourth stop valve 12, and pipelines of the refrigerant circuit are connected to each component. The cooling water circuit components are a water pump 15, an energy storage battery pack 16, a flow-adjustable three-way valve 17 with two branches 171 and 172, a high-pressure PTC14 and a low-temperature radiator 18, and a plurality of cooling water circuit pipelines are connected with each component. The coolant loop and the cooling water loop are associated by a battery cooler 8 for heat transfer and thermal management. The low temperature radiator 18, the condenser 3, the evaporator 6 and the electronic fan 9 are sealed by an air duct and controllable air doors, and the functions of air suction or air blowing inside or outside the container can be realized by controlling the operation and combination of different air doors. The system uses environment-friendly and safe refrigerants such as R134a, R410A, R22 and the like. The whole system can be integrated into a heat management cabinet with a compact structure which can be embedded in an energy storage container, the output interface of the container is only an inlet and outlet pipe of a water path and a control panel with control and display functions, and the external environment is mainly a window for exchanging air and heat with a heat exchanger.
In the charging, discharging and electric power storage heat preservation processes when the energy storage container is connected with a power grid, different heat dissipation or heat preservation requirements are met for batteries, and the operation working conditions of the heat management system of the energy storage container are complex due to the difference of environmental temperatures.
And in the first refrigeration mode, when the external environment temperature is lower than the temperature range required by the work of the battery and the temperature difference meet certain conditions, the refrigerant loop is closed, and the low-energy-consumption cooling water loop is opened. As shown in fig. 2, the operation logic of the cooling water loop is that low-temperature cooling water is pumped into the energy storage battery 16 by the water pump 15, the antifreeze solution after absorbing the heat of the energy storage battery pack enters the low-temperature radiator 18 by the branch 171 of the three-way valve 17, and the radiator discharges the low-temperature antifreeze solution after running through the electronic fan 9 and convecting with air, and then circulates into the water pump 15; the working mode reduces the working energy consumption of the refrigerant loop, is environment-friendly and energy-saving, and prolongs the service life of the refrigerant system.
In the second refrigeration mode, when the external environment temperature is close to the temperature range required by the battery work and the temperature difference meet certain conditions, the refrigeration mode 1 is started, the water flow or the air volume is simply increased, the heat dissipation effect of the low-temperature radiator is not ideal, and the refrigerant fluorine pump refrigeration mode is started at the moment. In this case, the refrigerant in the refrigerant loop is pumped into the four-way valve 2 by the running fluorine pump 13, is regulated to enter the condenser 3 to form a medium-temperature high-pressure liquid, is circulated to enter the expansion valve to expand to form a low-temperature low-pressure liquid, the refrigerant entering the battery cooler 8 is subjected to heat exchange to form a low-temperature low-pressure gas, is regulated by the four-way valve 2 to enter the gas-liquid separator 10, and the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separator is circulated to enter the fluorine pump 13 by the opened third stop valve 11. In the water circuit, the high-temperature antifreeze solution flowing out of the energy storage battery module 16 is adjusted by the three-way valve 17 to enter the battery cooler 8 to be cooled into low-temperature antifreeze solution, and then circularly flows into the PTC14 in the non-operating state, and then circularly enters the energy storage battery pack 16 by the water pump to cool the battery pack, as shown in detail in fig. 3. The energy-saving effect of the mode is obvious compared with the running working condition of the electric compressor with low rotating speed, and meanwhile, the compressor is prevented from being started and stopped frequently, so that the service life of the compressor is prolonged.
And in the third refrigeration mode, when the external environment temperature is lower than the temperature range required by the battery work and the temperature difference meets a certain condition, the first refrigeration mode and the second refrigeration mode, namely the low-temperature heat dissipation cycle and the fluorine pump refrigeration cycle, are started simultaneously. The operation logic of the cooling water loop is that low-temperature cooling water is pumped into the energy storage battery module 16 by the water pump 15, the antifreeze heated by absorbed heat is adjusted by the three-way valve 17 and simultaneously enters the low-temperature radiator 18 and the battery cooler 8 for cooling, and the cooled low-temperature antifreeze is collected and circulated into the water pump 15. The refrigerant loop operation line is that the refrigerant is pumped into the four-way valve 2 by the operating fluorine pump 13, is regulated to enter the condenser 3 for heat convection and cooling with wind, then circularly enters the expansion valve 4 for expansion to form low-temperature low-pressure liquid, the refrigerant entering the battery cooler 8 is subjected to heat exchange to form low-temperature low-pressure gas, the low-temperature low-pressure gas is regulated by the four-way valve 2 to enter the gas-liquid separator 10, and the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separator 10 is circulated into the fluorine pump 13 through the opened third stop valve 11, as shown in detail in fig. 4.
And the fourth refrigeration mode is used for starting the refrigeration cycle when the external environment temperature is higher and the refrigeration capacity demand of the battery module cannot be met by starting the third refrigeration mode. In the water loop circulating system, antifreeze which flows out of the energy storage battery module 16 and absorbs heat to raise temperature is adjusted by a three-way valve 17 to enter the battery cooler 8 to be cooled into low-temperature antifreeze, and flows into the high-voltage PTC14 which is not started in a circulating mode, and then flows into the energy storage battery pack 16 in a circulating mode through a water pump 15 to start cooling the energy storage battery pack 16. The refrigerant in the refrigerant loop is pressurized by the running electric compressor 1 to form a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, then circularly enters the four-way valve 2 to be adjusted and enters the condenser 3 to form a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid, then enters the expansion valve 4 to be expanded to form a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid, the refrigerant entering the battery cooler 8 absorbs heat to form a low-temperature and low-pressure gas, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas is adjusted by the four-way valve 2 to enter the gas-liquid separator 10, and the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separator 10 is circularly entered into the electric compressor 1 by the opened stop valve 12, which is shown in detail in fig. 5.
The first heating mode is that when the battery pack in the energy storage container needs to be heated to keep a reasonable working temperature range, the four-way valve 2 loop is adjusted to start the working condition mode of the refrigerant loop heat pump. The operation principle diagram is shown in fig. 6. The refrigerant loop operation flow is that the refrigerant is pressurized by the running electric compressor 1 to form a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, then circularly enters the four-way valve 2 to be regulated, enters the battery cooler 8 to be cooled to form medium-temperature high-pressure liquid, then enters the expansion valve 4 to form low-temperature low-pressure liquid, enters the condenser 3 to form low-temperature low-pressure gas through air convection heat absorption, circularly enters the gas-liquid separator 10 through the four-way valve 2 to be regulated, and the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separator 10 is circularly sucked into the electric compressor 1 through the opened stop valve 12. In the water loop circulation, the antifreeze solution flowing into the battery cooler 8 at a low temperature absorbs heat removed by the refrigerant to form high-temperature antifreeze solution, the antifreeze solution flows into the water pump 15 through the high-pressure PTC14 which is not started, is pressurized and then pumped into the energy storage battery pack 16, and the antifreeze solution after heat release circulates through the three-way valve 17 and is regulated to flow into the battery cooler 8 again through the branch 172 to form complete circulation.
A second heating mode, where the high voltage PTC14 is enabled during the first heating mode cycle when the ambient temperature is low while the energy storage container battery pack requires more heat to ensure a reasonable temperature range for the battery. The high-voltage PTC14 can adjust the heating power according to the grade of the battery heat preservation and temperature rise requirements to meet different requirements of rapid temperature rise and heat preservation, and the operation principle diagram is shown in figure 7.
And in the efficient dehumidification mode, when the air humidity is higher, the air needs to be dehumidified and treated due to harsh working environment requirements of a plurality of electrical elements in the energy storage container. When the control system detects the input signal, the dehumidification mode of the refrigerant loop is started. The operation principle diagram is shown in fig. 8, the refrigerant is pressurized by the started electric compressor 1 to form a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, then the refrigerant circularly enters the four-way valve 2 to be regulated and enters the condenser 3 to form medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid, then enters the expansion valve 4 to be expanded to form low-temperature and low-pressure liquid, the refrigerant entering the evaporator 6 through the first stop valve 5 absorbs heat to form low-temperature and low-pressure gas, the gas is regulated by the four-way valve 2 to enter the gas-liquid separator 10, and the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separator 10 is circularly entered into the electric compressor 1 through the opened stop valve 12 to form complete refrigerant circulation. Meanwhile, when the system operates, the air in the container is pressurized by the fan, then passes through the evaporator 6 and the condenser 3 in sequence and returns to the interior of the container through the control air door, when the air passes through the evaporator 6, the dew point temperature is reduced due to the reduction of the temperature of the air, and moisture separated out from the air passing through the evaporator 6 is discharged to the exterior of the container through the pipeline. The system is repeatedly operated until the humidity of the internal air meets a certain standard and then the mode is closed.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or substituted by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A thermal management system for an energy storage container, comprising;
the first circuit comprises an energy storage battery pack (16), a three-way valve (17), a low-temperature radiator (18) and a water pump (15) which are arranged in sequence and connected back to the energy storage battery pack;
a second circuit which is communicated with the battery cooler and sequentially comprises an evaporator (6), a first stop valve (5) and a second stop valve (7);
a third loop which is communicated with the four-way valve and sequentially comprises a gas-liquid separator (10), a third stop valve (11) and a fluorine pump (13);
the first loop is a cooling water loop, and the second loop and the third loop are refrigerant loops.
2. The energy storage container thermal management system of claim 1, wherein: the three-way valve (17) is connected with a first branch which is connected with a low-temperature radiator (18) in parallel; the first branch comprises a battery cooler (8) and a PTC (14) in a direction away from the three-way valve.
3. The energy storage container thermal management system of claim 1, wherein: the second loop is connected with a second branch which sequentially comprises a four-way valve (2), a condenser (3) and an expansion valve (4), and the second branch is connected with the evaporator and the first cut-off valve in parallel.
4. The energy storage container thermal management system of claim 1, wherein: and a third branch is connected to the third loop and sequentially comprises a fourth stop valve (12) and a compressor (1).
CN202221652828.1U 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 Thermal management system of energy storage container Active CN217768486U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115000541A (en) * 2022-06-28 2022-09-02 南方英特空调有限公司 A thermal management system and method for an energy storage container
CN116190847A (en) * 2023-02-22 2023-05-30 南京艾科美热能科技有限公司 Phase change temperature control system and control method for energy storage battery
CN119029407A (en) * 2024-09-13 2024-11-26 青岛海信网络能源股份有限公司 Energy storage battery thermal management system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115000541A (en) * 2022-06-28 2022-09-02 南方英特空调有限公司 A thermal management system and method for an energy storage container
CN115000541B (en) * 2022-06-28 2025-08-15 南方英特空调有限公司 Thermal management system and method for energy storage container
CN116190847A (en) * 2023-02-22 2023-05-30 南京艾科美热能科技有限公司 Phase change temperature control system and control method for energy storage battery
CN119029407A (en) * 2024-09-13 2024-11-26 青岛海信网络能源股份有限公司 Energy storage battery thermal management system

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