CN113659031A - Solar cell string, photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solar cell string, photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113659031A CN113659031A CN202110741855.XA CN202110741855A CN113659031A CN 113659031 A CN113659031 A CN 113659031A CN 202110741855 A CN202110741855 A CN 202110741855A CN 113659031 A CN113659031 A CN 113659031A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar cell string, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: arranging the solar cells at intervals, electrically connecting the front grid lines and the back grid lines which are respectively positioned on two adjacent solar cells through welding strips, and forming a buffer gap between the end part of each solar cell and the overlapped area of the welding strips; arranging a light-reflecting pad strip comprising an adhesive film section and a light-reflecting section, wherein the adhesive film section is filled in the buffer gap, and the light-reflecting section is positioned in the sheet gap to form a solar cell string; laminating and laminating to form a photovoltaic module, the adhesive segments being meltable during the laminating process. The preparation method provided by the invention can reduce the risk of process fragments and improve the efficiency of components; the operation is simple, and the automatic production is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, in particular to a solar cell string, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The multi-slicing technology is a method of cutting a whole cell into a plurality of equal-number slices by laser, and then connecting the cut cells in series or in series and parallel by welding strips to form a circuit.
In order to reduce the production cost, the thickness of the conventional solar cell is thinner and thinner, and generally, referring to fig. 1, the connection manner between the cell slices in the multi-slice technology is as follows: the front main grid and the back main grid of the two battery slices are welded by the welding strips, but the connection mode greatly increases the local thickness of the main grid area, and the stress borne by the welding strip area of the battery in the circulation and lamination process is also obviously higher than that of other areas, which greatly increases the risk of process fragments.
Therefore, although the multi-slice technology can greatly enrich the circuit design structure of the photovoltaic module, for example, the photovoltaic module with adjustable output electrical parameter can be flexibly designed, so that the application of the photovoltaic module is more free, but the power of the module is reduced greatly, the conversion efficiency is low, and the hidden crack risk is high when the module is directly manufactured by the battery slice formed by the conventional multi-slice technology at present.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a method for manufacturing a solar cell string, which can reduce the stress on the cells in the solder strip region during the conventional transfer and lamination processes, and has a low risk of process fragments; the operation is simple, the automatic production is convenient, and the method is suitable for mass production and popularization;
another object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell string with high conversion efficiency and low risk of cracking;
it is a further object of the present invention to provide a photovoltaic module laminated with the solar cell strings, which has a high density and a low risk of subfissure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of solar cells at intervals, and electrically connecting front grid lines and back grid lines which are respectively positioned on two adjacent solar cells through welding strips, wherein a buffer gap is formed between the end part of each solar cell and the overlapping area of the welding strips;
s2, arranging a light-reflecting pad strip on at least one side surface of the welding strip so as to form a solar cell string, wherein the light-reflecting pad strip comprises a glue film section and a light-reflecting section, the glue film section is filled in the buffer gap, and the light-reflecting section is positioned in the sheet gap;
s3, laminating and laminating the solar cell strings to form the photovoltaic module;
the adhesive segments may melt during lamination.
As an implementable manner, in S2, in the extending direction of the solder ribbon, a part of the adhesive film segment is located in the buffer gap, and the rest is bent to the end face of the solar cell;
as a further possibility, the size of the film segment in the direction of extension of the solder strip is greater than the size of the damping gap.
As another practical manner, in S2, the light reflecting section includes a light reflecting layer and an adhesive film layer disposed below the light reflecting layer, and the adhesive film layer can be melted during a laminating process.
As another practicable manner, the grammage of the adhesive film layer is smaller than the grammage of the adhesive film segment.
As another practical manner, in S3, the back sheet, the rear encapsulant film, the solar cell string, the front encapsulant film, and the cover glass are sequentially stacked.
As another practical way, the solar cell is a 1/n slice solar cell of a full-sheet solar cell, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
A string of solar cells, comprising:
the solar cell structure comprises a plurality of solar cells, a plurality of solar cells and a plurality of solar cells, wherein the solar cells are arranged in series, and a sheet gap is formed between every two adjacent solar cells;
the welding strips are arranged corresponding to the sheet gaps one by one and used for electrically connecting the front grid lines and the back grid lines which are respectively positioned on the two adjacent solar cells; wherein a buffer gap is formed between the solder strip and the overlapping region of the end part of each solar cell;
the reflecting filler strip, set up in weld the at least one side of area the buffering clearance and with in the piece clearance that the buffering clearance is linked together, including gluing the membrane section and reflecting light section, it is in to glue the membrane section to fill in the buffering clearance, reflecting light section lay with in the piece clearance that the buffering clearance is linked together.
As an implementable manner, in S2, in the extending direction of the solder ribbon, a part of the adhesive film segment is located in the buffer gap, and the rest is bent to the end face of the solar cell;
as a further possibility, the size of the film segment in the direction of extension of the solder strip is greater than the size of the damping gap.
As another practical way, the width of the sheet gap is 0-1.0 mm.
As another practical mode, the thickness of the welding strip is 0.05 mm-0.25 mm.
As another practicable way, the gram weight of the adhesive film section is 50g/m2～200g/m2。
As another practical way, the thickness of the adhesive film segment is equal to that of the light reflecting segment; the reflecting section comprises a reflecting layer and an adhesive film layer, and the adhesive film layer is used for fixing the reflecting layer on the surface of the welding strip.
As a practical matter, the width of the light-reflecting segments is not greater than the width of the chip gaps.
As an implementation mode, the materials of the glue film section and the glue film layer are both polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers or co-extrusion thermoplastic elastomers of polyolefin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
As one practicable mode, the solar cell is a sliced cell, and the sliced cell is a 1/n slice of a full cell, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
A photovoltaic module comprises cover plate glass, a front packaging adhesive film, a solar cell array, a rear packaging adhesive film and a back plate which are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, wherein the solar cell array is formed by connecting a plurality of groups of solar cell strings through junction strips.
As a practical way, the surface of the bus bar is provided with a light reflecting structure; preferably, the light reflecting structure is a groove structure arranged in an array.
As an implementable manner, a string gap is formed between any two adjacent solar cell strings in the solar cell array, and a reflective coating is arranged on the back plate at a position corresponding to the string gap, wherein the reflective coating avoids the position of the orthographic projection of the reflective filler strip on the back plate; preferably, a gap is formed between the end portions of two adjacent solar cell strings, a reflective coating is also arranged on the back plate at a position corresponding to the gap, and the reflective coating avoids the position of the orthographic projection of the reflective filler strip on the back plate; preferably, the light reflecting coating is enamel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the preparation process of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the invention, the solar cells are arranged at intervals, namely, the sheet gaps are arranged between two adjacent solar cells, and then the solar cells are connected through the solder strips. When the solar cells are connected by the welding strips, a buffer gap is reserved between the end part of each solar cell and each welding strip, namely, the welding position of each welding strip and each solar cell is away from the end part of each solar cell by a certain distance. Wherein the piece clearance is divided into upper and lower two parts by the welding strip to one side, the buffering clearance that corresponds to piece clearance both ends communicates with the corresponding piece clearance after being cut apart respectively, then, sets up the reflection of light filler strip in at least one side of welding strip, and the glued membrane section of reflection of light filler strip is put into the buffering clearance, and the reflection of light section then covers on the surface of welding strip corresponding to the piece clearance. In the subsequent lamination process, the adhesive film section in the buffer gap can be heated and melted so as to buffer the stress between the solder strip and the end part of the solar cell in the lamination process and reduce the risk of fragments. And moreover, a light reflecting structure is also arranged in a sheet gap between two adjacent solar cells in the cell string in the obtained photovoltaic module, so that the light utilization rate is effectively improved, and the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention, when the light reflecting filler strip is arranged, one part of the width direction of the adhesive film section is positioned in the buffer gap, and the rest part of the width direction of the adhesive film section is bent to the end surface of the solar cell to form a support for the light reflecting section, so that the light reflecting section can be kept horizontal with the surface of the solar cell in the finally obtained photovoltaic module, and the light reflecting effect is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell connected by solder ribbons according to the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention after being connected by a solder ribbon;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective gasket according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of solar cells connected by solder strips and inserted with light-reflecting gaskets according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell string formed after lamination according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a back plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a bus bar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10. cover plate glass; 20. packaging the glue film before; 30. a solar cell array; 31. a first cell piece; 31a, a first cell piece end; 32. a second cell piece; 32a, a second cell piece end; 33. welding a strip; 34. a first light-reflecting filler strip; 35. a second light-reflecting filler strip; 36. a glue film section; 37. a light reflecting section; 37a, a glue film layer; 37b, a light-reflecting layer; 40. a bus bar; 50. packaging the adhesive film; 60. a back plate; 61. a light reflecting coating.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of solar cells at intervals, arranging solder strips at the positions corresponding to the sheet gaps of two adjacent solar cells, and electrically connecting front grid lines and back grid lines on the two adjacent solar cells respectively through the solder strips, wherein a buffer gap is formed between the end part of each solar cell and the overlapping area of the solder strips;
referring to fig. 2, taking two solar cells connected in series as an example, the left solar cell in fig. 2 is set as a first cell 31, the right solar cell is set as a second cell 32, a grid line on the back surface of the first cell 31 is connected to a grid line on the front surface of the second cell 32 through a solder strip 33, and a cell gap exists between the first cell 31 and the second cell 32; buffer gaps are formed between the end of the first cell piece 31 and the overlapping region of the solder ribbon 33 (i.e., the upper surface of the solder ribbon 33), and between the end of the second cell piece 32 and the overlapping region of the solder ribbon 33 (i.e., the lower surface of the solder ribbon 33). Specifically, when the solar cell is serially welded, the solder strip is connected with the surface of the solar cell through a plurality of solder points, a certain distance exists between the solder point closest to the end of the solar cell and the end of the solar cell, namely the solder strip is close to the end of the solar cell, the solder strip and the solar cell can be separated to form a certain gap, and the gap is the buffer gap.
S2, disposing a light-reflecting pad strip on at least one side of the solder strip, so as to form a solar cell string, referring to fig. 3, the light-reflecting pad strip includes a glue film segment 36 and a light-reflecting segment 37, the glue film segment 36 is filled in the buffer gap, and the light-reflecting segment 37 is located in the sheet gap.
The adhesive film section 36 can be melted in the subsequent photovoltaic module lamination process, and the arrangement of the adhesive film section 36 can buffer the stress between the cell and the solder strip in the lamination process. The material of the adhesive film section 36 may be the same as that of the packaging adhesive film in the photovoltaic module, and may be, for example, a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer or a co-extruded thermoplastic elastomer of polyolefin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
In a possible implementation mode, the whole light-reflecting pad strip is in a cuboid shape, one part of the light-reflecting pad strip is a glue film section, and the other part of the light-reflecting pad strip is a light-reflecting section in the direction along the width of the cuboid.
The size (hereinafter referred to as length) of the light reflecting filler strip may be equal to the side length of the solar cell, etc., in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the solder ribbon (e.g., a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in fig. 1). For silicon-based solar cells, the width of the light reflecting filler strip may be the same as the side length of the silicon wafer.
In a direction extending along the solder strip (for example, a left-right direction in fig. 1), a size (hereinafter, referred to as a width) of the adhesive film segment of the light reflecting filler strip may be the same as, smaller than, or larger than a width of the buffer gap; the width of the light reflecting section of the light reflecting gasket strip can be the same as the sheet gap or slightly smaller than the sheet gap.
In a possible implementation manner, the light reflecting filler strip may be laid on the surface of the solder strip, or as shown in fig. 5, in the extending direction along the solder strip, a part of the adhesive film segment 36 is located in the buffer gap, and the remaining part (upward or downward) is bent to the end surface of the solar cell, that is, the adhesive film segment 36 is bent into an approximately L shape, so that a certain gap is left between the light reflecting segment and the solder strip.
If the light-reflecting section 37 is in surface contact with the solder ribbon 33, then an oblique angle (similar to the solder ribbon 33 located in the inter-chip gap) will exist between the light-reflecting section 37 and the surface of the solar cell in the resulting photovoltaic module. By adopting the bending mode, a certain gap is reserved between the reflection section 37 and the surface of the welding strip 33, the adhesive film section 36 in the buffer gap and the adhesive film section 36 of the bending part can flow into the gap between the reflection section 37 and the welding strip 33 after being melted during subsequent lamination, a certain supporting effect is exerted on the reflection section 37, and in the obtained photovoltaic module, the reflection section 37 is kept horizontal with the surface of the solar cell as far as possible, so that the reflection effect of light is improved. When the width of the adhesive film section 36 is greater than the width of the buffer gap, the adhesive film section 36 can be bent to the end face of the battery piece while filling the buffer gap, so that the adhesive film section can play a good buffer role, and the reflective section 37 can be kept horizontal with the surface of the battery piece.
For a single glass photovoltaic module (i.e., only the cover plate is glass), the reflective backing strip may be provided only on the front side (i.e., the side facing the light source) of the solder strip 33. For a dual-glass photovoltaic module (i.e. when the cover plate and the back plate are both made of glass), reflective filler strips may be disposed on both sides of the solder strip 33, for example, please refer to fig. 5, a first reflective filler strip 34 is disposed between the solder strip 33 and the end 31a of the first cell 31, a second reflective filler strip 35 is disposed between the solder strip 33 and the end 32a of the second cell 32, and the reflective filler strips are disposed corresponding to the positions of the sheet gap and the buffer gap. The adhesive film section of the first light-reflecting backing strip 34 is bent upward, and the adhesive film section of the second light-reflecting backing strip 35 is bent downward.
And S3, laminating and laminating the solar cell strings.
Referring to fig. 7, the back sheet 60, the rear encapsulant film 50, the solar cell string 30, the front encapsulant film 20, and the cover glass 10 are sequentially stacked, wherein referring to fig. 8, the solar cell string 30 may also be connected by the bus bar 40 to form a solar cell array, and the solar cell array is stacked. In the lamination process, referring to fig. 6, as described above, the adhesive film segments 36 of the first and second light-reflecting backing strips 34 and 35 are melted, partially distributed in the buffer gap to form a buffer portion, and partially extruded into the sheet gap between the light-reflecting segment 37 and the solder strip 33 to form a support portion, which makes the light-reflecting segment 37 parallel to the surface of the first or second battery sheet 31 or 32, thereby forming the photovoltaic module.
In this embodiment, the solar cell may be a single-sided cell or a double-sided cell; the solar cell may be a full-sheet solar cell, or may be a 1/n-slice solar cell of a full-sheet solar cell, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, such as an 1/2-slice solar cell, a 1/3-slice solar cell, a 1/4-slice solar cell, a 1/5-slice solar cell, a 1/6-slice solar cell, and the like.
In this embodiment, the light reflecting section of the light reflecting pad strip may be formed of a material with high reflectivity, and the surface thereof may be formed into a concave-convex structure. The shape of the protrusion may be triangular. The thickness of the adhesive film section may be equal to the thickness of the light reflecting section. The thickness of the light-reflecting section is the distance between the bottom surface of the light-reflecting section and the highest point of the projection.
In this embodiment, the gram weight of the adhesive film segment may be 50g/m2～200g/m2For example 50g/m2、60g/m2、70g/m2、80g/m2、90g/m2、100g/m2、110g/m2、120g/m2、130g/m2、140g/m2、150g/m2、160g/m2、170g/m2、180g/m2、190g/m2、2000g/m2And the like.
Example 2
Different from the embodiment 1, referring to fig. 4, the structure of the reflective section 37 in this embodiment includes a reflective layer 37b and an adhesive layer 37a disposed below the reflective layer 37b, the adhesive layer 37a is used for melting in the lamination process to supplement the supporting portion, wherein the gram weight of the adhesive layer 37a may be smaller than that of the adhesive layer 36, which shows thatBy way of example: the thickness of the adhesive film section 36 is equal to that of the reflective section 37, and the gram weight of the buffer adhesive film section 36 is 100g/m2The gram weight of the adhesive film layer 37a is 40g/m2In this embodiment, the reflective layer 37b of the first reflective backing strip 34 covers the upper surface of the solder strip 33, the reflective layer 37b of the second reflective backing strip 35 covers the lower surface of the solder strip 33, the width of the reflective layer 37 of the first reflective backing strip 34 and the second reflective backing strip 35 is 1mm, and the light utilization rate of the dual-glass assembly can be effectively increased by the arrangement of the reflective layer 37.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a solar cell string, the solar cell string is formed by connecting a plurality of solar cells in series through solder strips 33, wherein a sheet gap is formed between two adjacent solar cells, the solder strips 33 are correspondingly disposed in each sheet gap one by one, and are used for electrically connecting front grid lines and back grid lines respectively located on the two adjacent solar cells, wherein a buffer gap is formed between the solder strips and an overlapping region of an end portion of each solar cell; as shown in fig. 2 by way of example, in fig. 2, a solar cell on the left side is taken as a first cell 31, a solar cell on the right side is taken as a second cell 32, wherein the first cell 31 and the second cell 32 are both 1/6-sliced double-sided cells, a cell gap between the first cell 31 and the second cell 32 is not greater than 1mm, and is set to be 1mm in this embodiment, if the cell gap is too large, although the crack problem is reduced, the density is low, the light utilization rate is low, if the cell gap is not set, the crack problem is serious, the risk of process fragments is increased, grid lines on the back side of the first cell 31 and grid lines on the front side of the second cell 32 are connected through solder strips 33, the solder strips 33 are strip-shaped, the thickness of the solder strips 33 may be 0.05mm to 0.25mm, the solder strips 33 diagonally bisect the cell gap, the sheet gap above the solder strip 33 communicates with the buffer gap below the first battery sheet 31 to form a first filling portion, and the sheet gap below the solder strip 33 communicates with the buffer gap above the second battery sheet 32 to form a second filling portion. In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 5, the first filling portion and the second filling portion are both provided with reflective stripsCorresponding to first filling portion in set up first reflection of light backing strip 34, corresponding to second filling portion in set up second reflection of light backing strip 35, it can be understood that, first reflection of light backing strip 34 and second reflection of light backing strip 35 set up in pairs in the both sides of welding tape 33, wherein first reflection of light backing strip 34 is the same with the structure of second reflection of light backing strip 35, all includes glued membrane section 36 and reflection of light section 37, glued membrane section 36 is compressed and is filled in the buffer gap, reflection of light section 37 is used for extending to in the piece clearance that is linked together with the buffer gap. The reflective strips of the present embodiment have two types, and the difference is mainly the structure of the reflective section 37, for example, referring to fig. 3, the reflective section 37 is a strip structure with reflective function as shown in embodiment 1, that is, the reflective section 37 and the adhesive film section 36 are arranged in equal thickness, and the adhesive film section 36 has a grammage of 50g/m2～200g/m2The width of the light reflecting section 37 is not more than the width of the sheet gap and is as close as possible to the width of the sheet gap so as to improve the light utilization rate of the solar cell string, and the light reflecting section 37 is mainly used for filling the sheet gap to improve the light utilization rate of the cell string; of course, the structure can also be the structure shown in embodiment 2, please refer to fig. 4, that is, the reflective section 37 and the adhesive film section 36 are arranged in the same thickness, the reflective section 37 is composed of two layers, including an upper reflective layer 37b and a lower adhesive film layer 37a, the adhesive film layer 37a can support the reflective layer 37b to a certain extent, and the existence of the reflective layer 37b can also ensure the light utilization rate of the inter-piece gap, wherein the adhesive film section 36 and the adhesive film layer 37a are both made of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers or co-extrusion thermoplastic elastomers of polyolefin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 7, the photovoltaic module includes a cover glass 10, a front encapsulant film 20, a solar cell array, a rear encapsulant film 50, and a back sheet 60, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, and referring to fig. 8, the solar cell array is formed by connecting a plurality of solar cell strings 30 by a bus bar 40, where the solar cell string 30 used herein is the structure shown in embodiment 3.
The material of the back plate 60 may be glass, or may be polymer material such as TPT, KPF, or the like.
Referring to fig. 9, a string gap is formed between any two adjacent solar cell strings in the solar cell array, and a gap is formed between the ends of the two adjacent solar cell strings, in order to further improve the light utilization rate of the photovoltaic module, a reflective coating 61 is disposed on the back sheet 60 in the embodiment at a position corresponding to the string gap, wherein the reflective coating 61 avoids the position of the orthographic projection of the reflective filler strip (34, 35) on the back sheet 60; of course, in order to improve the light utilization rate of the photovoltaic module to the maximum extent, the position of the back plate 60 corresponding to the gap is also provided with the reflective coating 61, and the reflective coating 61 is avoided from the position of the orthographic projection of the reflective filler strips (34, 35) on the back plate 60. The reason that the reflective coating 61 and the reflective filler strip are not repeated is that reflective materials can be saved, and the form of the reflective coating 61 can be white porcelain glaze; referring to fig. 10, a light reflecting structure is further disposed on the surface of the bus bar 40, and the light reflecting structure may be a groove structure arranged in an array to increase the refraction of light.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of solar cells at intervals, and electrically connecting front grid lines and back grid lines which are respectively positioned on two adjacent solar cells through welding strips, wherein a buffer gap is formed between the end part of each solar cell and the overlapping area of the welding strips;
s2, arranging a light-reflecting pad strip on at least one side surface of the welding strip so as to form a solar cell string, wherein the light-reflecting pad strip comprises a glue film section and a light-reflecting section, the glue film section is filled in the buffer gap, and the light-reflecting section is positioned in the sheet gap;
s3, laminating and laminating the solar cell strings to form the photovoltaic module;
the adhesive segments may melt during lamination.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S2, in the extending direction of the solder strip, a part of the adhesive film segment is located in the buffer gap, and the rest is bent to the end face of the solar cell;
preferably, the size of the film segment is larger than the size of the buffer gap in the extending direction of the welding strip.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the retroreflective segment of S2 includes a retroreflective layer and an adhesive layer disposed under the retroreflective layer, and the adhesive layer is meltable during lamination.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar cell is a 1/n-slice solar cell of a full-sheet solar cell, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
5. A solar cell string, comprising:
the solar cell structure comprises a plurality of solar cells, a plurality of solar cells and a plurality of solar cells, wherein the solar cells are arranged in series, and a sheet gap is formed between every two adjacent solar cells;
the welding strips are arranged corresponding to the sheet gaps one by one and used for electrically connecting the front grid lines and the back grid lines which are respectively positioned on the two adjacent solar cells; wherein a buffer gap is formed between the solder strip and the overlapping region of the end part of each solar cell;
the reflecting filler strip, set up in weld the at least one side of area the buffering clearance and with in the piece clearance that the buffering clearance is linked together, including gluing the membrane section and reflecting light section, it is in to glue the membrane section to fill in the buffering clearance, reflecting light section lay with in the piece clearance that the buffering clearance is linked together.
6. The solar cell string according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, in the extending direction of the solder strip, a part of the adhesive film segment is located in the buffer gap, and the rest is bent to the end face of the solar cell;
preferably, the size of the film segment is larger than the size of the buffer gap in the extending direction of the welding strip.
7. The solar cell string according to claim 5, wherein the width of the sheet gap is 0-1.0 mm;
or the thickness of the welding strip is 0.05 mm-0.25 mm;
or the gram weight of the adhesive film section is 50g/m2～200g/m2；
Or the thickness of the adhesive film section is equal to that of the light reflecting section, and the width of the light reflecting section is not larger than that of the sheet gap.
8. The string of solar cells according to any one of claims 5-8, wherein the light-reflecting section comprises a light-reflecting layer and an adhesive layer;
preferably, the glue film section and the glue film layer are both made of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer or co-extrusion thermoplastic elastomer of polyolefin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Preferably, the solar cell is a sliced cell, and the sliced cell is a 1/n slice of a full cell, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
9. A photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising a cover plate glass, a front packaging adhesive film, a solar cell array, a rear packaging adhesive film and a back plate which are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, wherein the solar cell array is formed by connecting a plurality of groups of solar cell strings as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 9 through a bus bar;
preferably, a light reflecting structure is arranged on the surface of the bus bar;
preferably, a string gap is formed between any two adjacent solar cell strings in the solar cell array, and a reflective coating is arranged on the back plate at a position corresponding to the string gap, wherein the reflective coating avoids the position of the orthographic projection of the reflective filler strip on the back plate; preferably, a gap is formed between the end portions of two adjacent solar cell strings, a reflective coating is also arranged at the position of the back plate corresponding to the gap, and the reflective coating avoids the position of the orthographic projection of the reflective filler strip on the back plate.
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