CN113654774A - Intravascular stent fatigue test equipment - Google Patents
Intravascular stent fatigue test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113654774A CN113654774A CN202110738323.0A CN202110738323A CN113654774A CN 113654774 A CN113654774 A CN 113654774A CN 202110738323 A CN202110738323 A CN 202110738323A CN 113654774 A CN113654774 A CN 113654774A
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Abstract
The invention provides a fatigue test device for a vascular stent, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and comprises: loading device, collection and control system, drive arrangement, circulating line and temperature control system. The fatigue test equipment for the vascular stent is characterized in that a test software is used for operating an acquisition and control system, controlling a simulation loading device and a temperature control device, applying mechanical load similar to a physiological environment to a stent in a compliance fatigue blood vessel, simulating the mechanical environment of the stent after being implanted into a human body, simulating the near physiological mechanical load and physiological temperature of the stent such as near physiological pulsating flow shear force, periodic compression, tension force and the like, and accelerating the fatigue test of the stent, accelerating the fatigue stress of the stent, accelerating the degradation speed of the degradable stent and the like by accelerating the loading frequency and increasing the fluid temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a fatigue testing device for a vascular stent.
Background
The cardiovascular stent intervention is a minimally invasive surgery therapy, and has the advantages of simple operation, small wound and quick postoperative recovery. But serious adverse reactions such as myocardial infarction and the like of a patient can be caused after the stent fails due to fatigue. Therefore, fatigue life analysis of cardiovascular stents is very important.
In the existing commercial fatigue testing equipment, a worker closes a simulated blood vessel so as to achieve higher pressure change frequency.
However, in this method, the liquid in the simulated blood vessel hardly flows, and the near-physiological mechanical load and the physiological temperature such as the near-physiological pulsating flow shear force, the periodic compression, the tensile stress, the physiological temperature, and the like in the real environment cannot be simulated, so that the use environment of the vascular stent cannot be accurately simulated, and the measurement result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that the liquid in the simulated blood vessel hardly flows, so that the using environment of the blood vessel stent cannot be accurately simulated, and the measuring result is inaccurate in the prior art, thereby providing the fatigue testing equipment for the blood vessel stent.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a fatigue testing device for a vascular stent, which comprises:
the loading device is internally provided with a test cavity; the test cavity is internally provided with a simulated blood vessel; the inside of the simulated blood vessel is suitable for arranging a stent to be tested;
the driving device is communicated with the simulated blood vessel in the loading device through a circulating pipeline; the driving device drives the simulation liquid to flow in the circulating pipeline and the simulation blood vessel;
the acquisition and control system is connected with the driving device and the sensor;
the driving device can provide near-physiological pulsating flow for the circulating pipeline, so that the pressure and flow waveforms at the inlet of the loading device are similar to the physiological state.
Preferably, the loading device comprises a loading body; the carrier includes:
a body having a test chamber therein; a plurality of pipeline interfaces are oppositely arranged at the two ends;
and the top cover is covered on the main body.
Preferably, the carrier is made of organic glass.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the temperature control system is arranged inside the loading device; the temperature control system is used for detecting and regulating the temperature in the test cavity and the simulated blood vessel.
Preferably, the simulated blood vessel has a plurality of blood vessels, and the plurality of blood vessels are arranged in the test cavity side by side.
Preferably, the loading device is a pulsating loading device; a detection section for placing a stent to be detected is arranged in the simulated blood vessel; the detection section is arranged in the test cavity of the loading body;
the pressure in the test chamber has a first state in which the pressure is greater than the pressure in the human blood vessel to cause the simulated blood vessel to contract and a second state in which the pressure is less than the pressure in the human blood vessel to cause the simulated blood vessel to contract and relax.
As a preferred scheme, a connecting interface is arranged on one surface of the main body opposite to the top cover; a reciprocating pump is arranged on the connecting interface; the reciprocating pump is communicated with the test cavity of the loading body.
As a preferred scheme, the loading device is a composite loading device; in the composite loading device, the simulated blood vessel includes:
an inner skin layer in a cylindrical shape; the inner skin layer is internally provided with a first cavity;
a vessel wall layer in a cylindrical shape; the vascular wall layer is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner skin layer; a second cavity is formed between the endothelial layer and the blood vessel wall layer;
the bracket to be detected is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner skin layer;
the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively communicated with a circulating pipeline and are circulated with simulation liquid.
Preferably, the material of the endothelial layer has a greater compliance than the material of the vessel wall layer; the compliance of the material of the vessel wall layer is the same as the compliance of the human blood vessels.
Preferably, the simulated fluid is water, physiological saline, a buffer solution or a glycerol solution.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a fatigue test device for a vascular stent, which comprises a loading device, a driving device and a collecting and controlling system; implanting a stent to be tested into a simulated blood vessel, assembling the simulated blood vessel into a test cavity of a loading device, communicating the simulated blood vessel with a circulating pipeline to form a loop, injecting simulated liquid, and driving the simulated liquid to flow under the driving of a driving device; the test cavity of the loading device is filled with liquid to form a closed cavity with the outside of the simulated blood vessel, the liquid in the closed cavity is subjected to high-frequency pressurization/depressurization through a reciprocating pump, so that the simulated blood vessel is subjected to periodic contraction and relaxation under the external variable pressure, and a high-frequency periodic mechanical load is applied to the internally loaded stent; the temperature in the test cavity and the circulating pipeline of the loading device is adjusted by the temperature control system, so that a real human body physiological temperature environment can be simulated, and the loading device can be suitable for accelerated fatigue degradation of the degradable support at a higher temperature; the device can achieve the aim of accelerating the fatigue stress of the bracket.
2. According to the fatigue test equipment for the vascular stent, when the loading device is a pulsating loading device, the pressure change at two ends of the test cavity is monitored through the acquisition and control device, the liquid resistance and the compliance in the pipeline system are fed back and adjusted, and the pressure waveform in the circulating pipeline is adjusted together by matching with the driving device, so that a near-physiological pulsating flow waveform is generated in the circulating pipeline, the problem of near-physiological pulsating loading of fatigue detection of the vascular stent is solved, and the fatigue detection of the vascular stent is more scientific and reliable.
3. When the loading device is a composite loading device, the simulated blood vessel comprises an endothelial layer and a blood vessel wall layer; through the arrangement of the endothelial layer and the cooperation of the reciprocating pump to adjust the pressure change in the test cavity, the simulated blood vessel in which the stent to be tested is arranged can periodically contract and relax under the action of pressure difference, the endothelialization of the vascular stent after being implanted into the blood vessel can be completely simulated, and the fatigue performance test of the stent to be tested is more accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fatigue testing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the carrier of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the main body of the loading body of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pulsating loading device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated blood vessel in the composite loading device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a loading device; 2. a collection and control system; 3. a drive device; 4. simulating a blood vessel; 5. a circulation line; 6. loading a carrier; 7. a main body; 8. a top cover; 9. a pipeline interface; 10. connecting an interface; 11. a temperature control system; 12. a reciprocating pump; 13. a first pressure detection module; 14. a detection section; 15. a test chamber; 16. an inner skin layer; 17. a vascular wall layer; 18. and (5) a support to be tested.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The fatigue testing device for the intravascular stent provided by the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a loading device 1, an acquisition and control system 2 and a driving device 3; implanting a to-be-tested bracket 18 into a simulated blood vessel 4, assembling the simulated blood vessel 4 into a test cavity 15 of a loading device 1, communicating the simulated blood vessel 4 with a circulating pipeline 5 to form a loop, injecting a simulated liquid, flowing the simulated liquid under the driving of a driving device 3, and adjusting the pressure intensity in the whole pipeline through an acquisition and control system to enable the pressure intensity to be close to the human environment; the device can enable the simulation liquid to flow in the simulated blood vessel 4, accurately simulate the use environment of the blood vessel stent and ensure the accuracy of the measurement result.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the loading device 1 has a loading body 6, and the loading body 6 includes a main body 7 and a top cover 8; the loading body 6 is made of high-strength organic glass, and the transparent material is convenient for observing the working state in the testing cavity 15, ensures the strength and rigidity of the whole body and meets the requirement of frequent and rapid change of the pressure in the testing cavity 15;
the lower surface of the top cover 8 adopts an upper concave structure, and the highest point is a pressure sensor interface, so that the internal exhaust operation of the cavity is convenient before the experiment begins; the top cover 8 and the main body 7 are in threaded connection, so that the installation of the simulated blood vessel 4 is facilitated, and meanwhile, the sealing property in the test cavity 15 is ensured;
the central point of main part 7 is test cavity 15, and the both sides side of main part 7 is provided with pipeline interface 9 symmetrically, inserts simulation blood vessel 4 between the inboard of two sets of pipeline interfaces 9, and the outside of pipeline interface 9 is connected with circulation pipeline 5.
The temperature control system 11 is arranged in the loading device 1, the temperature control system 11 is provided with the temperature sensor and the heating rod, the temperature in the test cavity 15 and the simulated blood vessel 4 is detected and adjusted through the temperature control system 11, and the purposes of accelerating fatigue test such as accelerating fatigue stress of the support 18 to be tested, accelerating degradation speed of the support 18 to be tested and the like can be achieved by improving the temperature in the simulated blood vessel 4 and the test cavity 15.
A plurality of simulated blood vessels 4 can be connected in parallel in the test cavity 15, and 2-4 test stents can be placed in each simulated blood vessel 4, so that the fatigue test equipment can be expected to simultaneously carry out accelerated simulation test on 38 stents to be tested 18; if a plurality of fatigue test devices are simultaneously performed, high-throughput simulation of the fatigue test of the to-be-tested support 18 can be realized.
The acquisition and control system 2, the loading device 1 and the temperature control system 11 are operated by a software system, mechanical loads (compression force, tension force, fluid shearing force and temperature) similar to physiological environments are applied to the stent 18 to be tested in the simulated blood vessel 4, and the mechanical environment of the stent 18 to be tested after being implanted into a human body is simulated; meanwhile, in some positions of the device, pressure, flow and pipe diameter sensors are arranged to measure parameters in a fluid loop in the testing process, and the parameters are fed back to testing software through a data acquisition system, so that closed-loop control is realized.
The invention realizes the near-physiological mechanical loads such as near-physiological pulsating flow shearing force, periodic compression, tensile stress, physiological temperature and the like through the mode, and can also achieve the purposes of accelerating fatigue stress of the bracket, accelerating degradation speed of the degradable bracket and the like and accelerating fatigue test by accelerating loading frequency and increasing fluid temperature.
Specifically, the loading device 1 may be a pulsating loading device 1 or a composite loading device 1, and two loading modes are described below.
In the pulsation loading device 1, as shown in fig. 4, a simulated blood vessel 4 is assembled in a test chamber 15 in a loading body 6, a simulated liquid flows through the inside of the simulated blood vessel 4, a detection section 14 is provided on the simulated blood vessel 4, and a stent 18 to be tested is placed in the detection section 14; during installation, the test section 14 simulating the blood vessel 4 should be arranged inside the test cavity 15 of the carrier 6.
A connecting interface 10 is arranged on the main body 7 of the loading body 6, a reciprocating pump 12 is arranged on the connecting interface 10, and the reciprocating pump 12 is communicated with the test cavity 15; the pressure in the test chamber 15 can be changed through the process of pumping air by the reciprocating pump 12, when the pressure in the test chamber 15 is higher than the pressure in the simulated blood vessel 4, the simulated blood vessel 4 is in a contraction state, and when the pressure in the test chamber 15 is lower than the pressure in the simulated blood vessel 4, the simulated blood vessel 4 is in a relaxation state;
when the support 18 to be tested is subjected to fatigue testing, the pressure in the testing cavity 15 is changed through the reciprocating pump 12, so that the compliance simulation blood vessel 4 in which the support 18 to be tested is arranged is subjected to periodic contraction and relaxation under the action of pressure difference.
A first pressure detection module 13 is arranged on the loading body 6; the first pressure detection module 13 is provided with a first pressure sensor arranged in a test cavity 15 of the loading body 6, in the test process, the reciprocating pump 12 can continuously adjust the pressure in the test cavity 15, pressure data is collected in real time through a probe of the first pressure sensor, pressure waveforms are read, processed and displayed through software on an upper computer, approximately physiological pulse waveforms are observed through a waveform curve, data are stored, and the work of the reciprocating pump 12 is controlled in a feedback mode.
In the composite loading device 1, as shown in fig. 5, the simulated blood vessel 4 includes: the endothelial layer 16 and the vascular wall layer 17; the inner skin layer 16 is cylindrical; the inner skin layer 16 has a first cavity therein; the blood vessel wall layer 17 is also cylindrical; the blood vessel wall layer 17 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner skin layer 16; a second cavity is formed between the inner skin layer 16 and the vessel wall layer 17; the endothelial layer 16 is used for simulating the endothelialization of the stent 18 to be tested after being implanted into a blood vessel in a fatigue test; the blood vessel wall layer 17 is used for simulating the blood vessel wall of the stent 18 to be tested after being implanted in a fatigue test;
the compliance of the material of the blood vessel wall layer 17 is similar to that of the blood vessel, so that the environment of the stent 18 to be tested after being implanted into the blood vessel can be simulated.
The endothelial layer 16 is made of a material with high compliance, which is higher than that of the vessel wall layer 17, so as to simulate the endothelial action of the stent 18 to be tested after being implanted into a vessel. Meanwhile, the stent 18 to be tested is arranged between the vascular wall layer 17 and the endothelial layer 16 with different conformability, so that the condition that the stent 18 to be tested expands and deforms along with the endothelial layer 16 due to the effect of the inner wall when the blood pressure rises and extrudes the vascular wall layer 17 to generate expansion and deformation can be simulated; when the blood pressure is reduced, the blood vessel wall layer 17 rebounds to apply a compressive force to the stent 18 to be tested. So as to form the periodic tension and compression force composite loading on the stent 18 to be tested according to the blood pulsation.
The material of the endothelial layer 16 and the vessel wall layer 17 is silica gel or other elastic materials; silica gel is preferred in this embodiment; however, the compliance of the materials chosen for both is different.
In a fatigue test, the composite loading device 1 is placed in fatigue test equipment, and the endothelialization of the blood vessel 4 stent after being implanted into a blood vessel is completely simulated through the arrangement of the endothelial layer 16, so that the fatigue performance test of the stent 18 to be tested is more accurate; through the effect of different conformability of the blood vessel wall layer 17 and the inner cortex layer 16, the periodical tension and compression force loading of the blood vessel on the stent 18 to be tested generated after the stent 18 to be tested is implanted can be simulated.
A first cavity in the loading device 1 is communicated with a first circulating pipeline 5 on the fatigue testing equipment; under the drive of the driving device 3, the first simulation liquid in the first circulating pipeline 5 flows in the first cavity at a certain flow rate and amplitude to generate a pulse wave, so that the first simulation liquid can simulate the pulse wave generated by real blood flow in a blood vessel as much as possible;
the second cavity is communicated with a second circulating pipeline 5 on the fatigue testing equipment; under the driving of the driving device 3, the second simulation liquid in the second circulation pipeline 5 flows in the second cavity at a certain flow velocity, so that the fluid shear force generated by the blood flow on the bracket 18 to be tested is simulated. Simulating the real stress situation of the stent 18 to be tested after implantation. Aiming at the degradable stent, the simulation liquid flowing in the second cavity provides a degradation environment for the stent 18 to be tested; thereby realizing the degradation process of the bracket 18 to be tested after the simulation implantation in the blood vessel.
In summary, the device can simulate the near-physiological mechanical loads such as the near-physiological pulsating flow shear force, the periodic compression, the tensile stress, the physiological temperature and the like on the support 18 to be tested, and can also achieve the purposes of accelerating the fatigue stress of the support, accelerating the degradation speed of the degradable support and the like through accelerating the loading frequency and increasing the fluid temperature.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vascular stent fatigue testing device, comprising:
a loading device (1) having a test chamber (15) therein; the test cavity (15) is internally provided with a simulated blood vessel (4); the simulated blood vessel (4) is internally suitable for arranging a stent (18) to be tested;
the driving device (3) is communicated with the simulated blood vessel (4) in the loading device (1) through a circulating pipeline (5); the driving device (3) drives the simulation liquid to flow in the circulating pipeline (5) and the simulation blood vessel (4);
the acquisition and control system (2) is connected with the driving device (3) and the sensor;
the driving device (3) can provide near-physiological pulsating flow for the circulating pipeline, so that the pressure and flow waveforms at the inlet of the loading device (1) are similar to the physiological state.
2. Vessel support fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading means (1) comprises a loading body (6); the carrier (6) comprises:
a body (7) having a test chamber (15) therein; a plurality of pipeline interfaces (9) are oppositely arranged at the two ends; two ends of the simulated blood vessel (4) are respectively connected with the pipeline interfaces (9) which are arranged oppositely;
and the top cover (8) is covered on the main body (7).
3. Vessel support fatigue testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the carrier (6) is made of plexiglass.
4. The vessel stent fatigue testing device of claim 1, further comprising:
a temperature control system (11) arranged inside the loading device (1); the temperature control system (11) is used for detecting and controlling the temperature in the test cavity (15) and the simulated blood vessel (4).
5. Vessel support fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the simulated vessel (4) has a plurality of vessels, arranged side by side in the testing chamber (15).
6. Vessel support fatigue testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the loading means (1) is a pulsating loading means (1); a detection section (14) for placing a stent (18) to be detected is arranged in the simulated blood vessel (4); the detection section (14) is arranged in a test cavity (15) of the loading body (6);
the pressure in the test chamber (15) has a first state in which it is greater than the pressure in the simulated blood vessel, causing the simulated blood vessel (4) to contract, and a second state in which it is less than the pressure in the human blood vessel, causing the simulated blood vessel (4) to contract and expand.
7. The fatigue testing device for the blood vessel stent according to claim 6, wherein a connecting interface (10) is arranged on one surface of the main body (7) opposite to the top cover (8); a reciprocating pump (12) is arranged on the connecting interface (10); the reciprocating pump (12) is communicated with the testing cavity (15) of the loading body (6).
8. The vessel stent fatigue testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the loading device (1) is a composite loading device (1); in the composite loading device (1), the simulated blood vessel (4) comprises:
an inner skin layer (16) having a cylindrical shape; the inner skin layer (16) is internally provided with a first cavity;
a vessel wall layer (17) having a cylindrical shape; the blood vessel wall layer (17) is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner skin layer (16); a second cavity is formed between the inner skin layer (16) and the vessel wall layer (17);
the bracket (18) to be tested is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner skin layer (16);
the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively communicated with a circulating pipeline (5) and are respectively communicated with simulation liquid.
9. Vessel support fatigue testing device according to claim 8, wherein the compliance of the material of the endothelial layer (16) is greater than the compliance of the material of the vessel wall layer (17); the compliance of the material of the vessel wall layer (17) is the same as that of the human blood vessel.
10. The vessel stent fatigue testing device of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the simulated fluid is water, saline, a buffer solution, or a glycerol solution.
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| CN202110738323.0A CN113654774B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Vascular stent fatigue test equipment |
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| CN202110738323.0A CN113654774B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Vascular stent fatigue test equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116718494A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 天津大学 | High-frequency pulse type artificial implant fatigue tester |
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