CN113654503A - Real-time online automatic monitoring system for tunnel in construction period - Google Patents
Real-time online automatic monitoring system for tunnel in construction period Download PDFInfo
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- CN113654503A CN113654503A CN202111003809.6A CN202111003809A CN113654503A CN 113654503 A CN113654503 A CN 113654503A CN 202111003809 A CN202111003809 A CN 202111003809A CN 113654503 A CN113654503 A CN 113654503A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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Abstract
The invention provides a real-time online automatic monitoring system for a tunnel in a construction period, which comprises a three-dimensional displacement sensor, a data collector and a cloud platform, wherein the three-dimensional displacement sensor is connected with the data collector; the data acquisition unit is connected with the three-dimensional displacement sensor, acquires displacement change information of the monitoring point through the three-dimensional displacement sensor, and stores and sends the information to the cloud platform. The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the optimized structural design, the rapid and simple installation of the tunnel surrounding rock convergence monitoring equipment is realized, and meanwhile, the recyclable design of the system is beneficial to saving the cost; the high-precision real-time on-line monitoring of tunnel construction period surrounding rock convergence is realized through a three-axis displacement sensor which is researched and developed on the basis of a three-axis acceleration sensor with high precision, low power consumption and low drift, various wireless transmission technologies and cloud technologies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel convergence monitoring in a construction period, and particularly relates to a real-time online automatic monitoring system for a tunnel in the construction period.
Background
In the tunnel construction operation, because the geological conditions of the engineering are complicated and changeable, particularly the geological information of the long and large tunnel is difficult to master, the construction conditions are much worse than those of the ground building, and the lives and properties of constructors are greatly threatened, therefore, in the tunnel construction period, a series of observation and test methods are needed to obtain the convergence information of the tunnel and feed the convergence information back to the design and construction so as to modify the construction parameters, adjust the construction measures and analyze, predict and dispose the construction deformation.
In the current tunnel convergence monitoring, a precise leveling measurement method and a triangle elevation rigidity method are mainly used for manual monitoring. The method needs to measure only under the condition that the tunnel stops construction, and cannot realize continuous monitoring, so that the real-time state of tunnel convergence cannot be reflected, and accidents cannot be prevented in time; when the monitoring result exceeds the early warning value, the measurement frequency needs to be increased, and the labor intensity of observation is increased besides a certain influence on the construction progress. In addition, the tunnel construction environment contains a large amount of dust, noise and other pollution, so that certain influence can be caused on physical and psychological health of observers.
In view of the above problems, no effective automatic monitoring solution has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a real-time online automatic monitoring system for a tunnel in a construction period, which solves the technical problems of low working efficiency, small data volume, failure to perform timely early warning on an accident and the like caused by manual convergence measurement on tunnel surrounding rock, and the problem of influence of a tunnel construction environment on physical and mental health of human observers.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a real-time online automatic monitoring system for a tunnel in a construction period comprises a three-dimensional displacement sensor, a data collector and a cloud platform;
the data acquisition unit is connected with the three-dimensional displacement sensor, acquires displacement change information of the monitoring point through the three-dimensional displacement sensor, and stores and sends the information to the cloud platform.
The device further comprises a sensor fixing device, wherein the three-dimensional displacement sensor is arranged on the tunnel surrounding rock to be monitored through the sensor fixing device;
the sensor fixing device comprises a mounting plate and a sensor clip, and the sensor clip is fixed on the tunnel surrounding rock through the mounting plate;
the sensor clamp comprises two clamping jaws, and a clamping part for fixing the sensor is formed between the two clamping jaws;
two the jack catch inboard is equipped with spacing arch.
Furthermore, at least one three-dimensional displacement sensor is arranged and fixed on the tunnel surrounding rock through a sensor clip;
the three-dimensional displacement sensors are connected with the data acquisition unit through data lines.
Furthermore, the three-dimensional displacement sensor comprises a power LDO voltage reduction chip, an RS485 conversion chip, a 32-bit ARM embedded processor, a sensor reference voltage stabilization chip, an MEMS three-dimensional sensor chip, a waterproof explosion-proof shell and a waterproof aviation plug.
Further, the data acquisition unit comprises an RS485 interface and an RS232 interface, and is connected with the digital output sensor to read information acquired by the displacement sensor;
the system also comprises a 32-bit ARM embedded processor which integrates, processes and sends and reports the read data;
the real-time clock module is used for providing a real-time clock function for the processor and is also used for reporting data to the server at regular time;
the data storage module is used for storing the setting parameters and the collected historical data information through an SD card and/or Nand Flash.
Further, the data acquisition unit also comprises wireless transmission equipment, and the wireless transmission equipment is used for sending the data acquired by the data acquisition unit to the cloud platform;
the wireless transmission equipment comprises a WIFI module and is used for remotely checking data and setting parameters;
the collector has the functions of self-networking and relaying, and realizes the short-distance multi-sampling-point combined collection function through the Zigbee wireless module;
the collector is connected with the Internet through a 4G network and reports the data to the server cloud platform in real time.
Further, the cloud platform is used for receiving the data reported by the data collector and storing, analyzing, displaying, early warning and disposing the data.
Compared with the prior art, the real-time online automatic monitoring system for the tunnel construction period has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, through an optimized structural design, the rapid and simple installation of the tunnel surrounding rock convergence monitoring equipment is realized, and meanwhile, the recyclable design of the system is beneficial to saving the cost;
(2) according to the invention, the high-precision real-time online monitoring of tunnel construction period surrounding rock convergence is realized through the three-axis displacement sensor which is researched and developed on the basis of the high-precision, low-power-consumption and low-drift three-axis acceleration sensor, various wireless transmission technologies and cloud technologies;
(3) the invention monitors the tunnel surrounding rock in a brand-new measuring mode, is on-line in real time and unattended in all weather, and can timely and accurately enable monitoring personnel to know the actual situation of the tunnel; especially under the bad circumstances of weather environment, when surveying personnel can't get into the building site, play very big effect, protected construction surveying personnel's life and property safety to a certain extent.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a real-time online automatic monitoring system for tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sensor fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional displacement sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a node MCU according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a node sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a data center MCU according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a Nand Flash principle of a data center according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a data center SD card according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a data center real-time clock principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a 485 circuit of a data center according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit of a data center 232 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an ADC circuit of a data center according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating the interface principle of a 4G module of a data center according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of a Zigbee module interface of a data center according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a data center WIFI module interface principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a sensor fixation device; 11-a mounting plate; 12-a sensor clip; 13-a limit bump; 2-a three-dimensional displacement sensor; and 3, data lines.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 5, in the node, the MCU communicates with the MEMS acceleration sensor through the SPI bus, reads acceleration values from the sensor, and performs filtering and data packing operations on the collected values.
As shown in fig. 6, the MEMS acceleration sensor is used to collect the acceleration value of the object to be measured, and is connected to the MCU through the SPI bus, and when the MCU inquires, the collected data is transmitted to the MCU.
As shown in fig. 7, in the data center, the MCU is mainly responsible for data acquisition, communication, data processing, timing, and the like; and respectively connected with each chip to realize related operations.
As shown in fig. 8, the NandFlash chip is a solid-state memory chip of a data center, and is equivalent to a solid-state hard disk of a computer. Through SPI bus and MCU communication, can carry out long-time save to the data of gathering.
As shown in fig. 9, the SD card communicates with the MCU through the SPI bus, so that the user can use the SD card to derive data information in the data center, and can also perform operations such as local SD card program upgrade.
As shown in fig. 10, the real-time clock chip provides a precise real-time clock for the data center, and communicates with the MCU through the IIC bus. The real-time clock function can stamp the data and provide time counting for the timing reporting function of the data center.
As shown in fig. 11, the 485 communication circuit is connected with the MCU through a serial port to provide physical layer protocol conversion for the MUC, thereby facilitating access to various 485 communication type sensors and devices.
As shown in fig. 12, the 232 communication circuit is connected to the MCU through a serial port to provide physical layer protocol conversion for the MUC, facilitating access to various 232 communication type sensors and devices.
As shown in fig. 13, the rail-to-rail amplifying circuit may also adjust the operational amplification factor according to the requirement, and access the ADC interface of the MCU to provide a signal amplifying function for the ADC of the data center.
As shown in fig. 14, the MCU is connected to the 4G module through a serial port to implement a remote data transmission function.
As shown in fig. 15, the MCU is connected to the Zigbee module via a serial port to implement a short-distance data transmission function.
As shown in fig. 16, the MCU is connected to the WIFI module via a serial port to connect to a tablet or a mobile phone for controlling setting and reading of data center parameters.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a system of a real-time online automatic monitoring system for a tunnel during a setup period is provided, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: sensor fixing device 110, three-dimensional displacement sensor 220, data collector 30 and cloud platform 40.
Wherein, the sensor fixing device 110 is used for fixing the sensor on the surrounding rock of the tunnel; the three-dimensional displacement sensor 220 is used for acquiring displacement change information of a monitoring point; the data acquisition unit 30 is connected with the three-dimensional displacement sensor 2 and the cloud platform and used for acquiring, storing and sending data; and the cloud platform 40 is used for storing, analyzing, displaying, early warning, disposing and the like of data.
Specifically, the three-dimensional displacement sensor 220 is fixed on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock through the sensor fixing device 110, the data collector 30 is connected with the three-dimensional displacement sensor 220, receives data transmitted back by the three-dimensional displacement sensor 220, stores and sends the data to the cloud platform 40, the cloud platform 40 processes the data, the data are displayed to the PC end or the mobile end in forms of a table, a line graph and the like in real time, early warning is carried out on information exceeding an early warning value, and the problems that manual observation frequency is low, labor intensity is high, and extreme environments cannot be measured are solved.
As shown in fig. 2, the sensor fixing device 110 includes: a mounting plate 11 and a sensor clip 12. The mounting plate 11 is fixed to the tunnel surrounding rock using a nail gun and a nail, and the sensor clip 12 is fixed to the mounting plate 11 using a screw.
As shown in figure 3, the three-dimensional displacement sensor 2 is rapidly fixed through the sensor clip 12, the protrusions on the sensor clip 12 correspond to the grooves on the three-dimensional displacement sensor 2, the limiting and rotation preventing effects are achieved, each section of the three-dimensional displacement sensor 2 is connected through a connecting wire, each sensor is connected in series to form a chain shape, and the chain shape is arranged on the surface of the whole tunnel surrounding rock.
Specifically, the three-dimensional displacement sensor 2 is a high-precision, low-power-consumption and low-drift triaxial MEMS acceleration sensor.
As shown in fig. 4, the data acquisition device 30 includes: digital-to-analog conversion circuit, digital communication interface, real-time clock module, memory module, wireless communication module.
The digital communication interface is connected with the three-dimensional displacement sensor 220 and is used for reading information acquired by the sensor and further processing data; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the digital communication interface and converts the read analog signals into digital signals; the real-time clock module provides a real-time clock function for the processor and can report the real-time clock function to the server at regular time; and the storage module has the double storage functions of an SD card and a Nand Flash and can store information such as setting parameters, historical data and the like.
The above system further includes a wireless transmission module, the wireless transmission module including: the WIFI module can be communicated with the smart phone, and data and set parameters are checked through the smart phone or the tablet computer; the Zigbee wireless module has the functions of self-networking and relaying and realizes the short-distance communication between the equipment; the 4G wireless module is used for enabling the equipment to access the Internet and sending data to the server or processing commands of the server.
As shown in fig. 4, the cloud platform 40 includes: the early warning module is used for displaying the work point information with early warning; the section display module is mainly used for displaying information such as work areas and work points to which all sections belong, section mileage, section first measurement time, section states (on-measurement and off), section early warning levels, section alarm levels and the like; the measuring point display module is mainly used for displaying information such as a work area, a work point and a section to which all measuring points belong, mileage of the section to which the measuring points belong, measuring point types (vault settlement and peripheral convergence), initial measuring time of the measuring points, states (on-measuring and off) of the measuring points, early warning levels of the measuring points, warning levels of the measuring points and the like; the statistical information module is mainly used for counting the information of the measured quantity, the closed quantity, the early warning quantity, the alarming quantity and the like of the lower section of the work area; and in the authority management module, users in different work areas can only see the information of the section measuring point in the work area, and only an administrator user can perform alarm processing and addition and modification of the section measuring point.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and method steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of clearly illustrating the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed method and system may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above described division of elements is merely a logical division, and other divisions may be realized, for example, multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. The units may or may not be physically separate, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A real-time online automatic monitoring system for tunnel in construction period is characterized in that: the system comprises a three-dimensional displacement sensor (2), a data acquisition unit and a cloud platform;
the data acquisition unit is connected with the three-dimensional displacement sensor (2), acquires displacement change information of the monitoring point through the three-dimensional displacement sensor (2), and stores and sends the information to the cloud platform.
2. A real-time on-line automated monitoring system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device is characterized by also comprising a sensor fixing device (1), wherein the three-dimensional displacement sensor (2) is arranged on the tunnel surrounding rock to be monitored through the sensor fixing device (1);
the sensor fixing device (1) comprises a mounting plate (11) and a sensor clip (12), wherein the sensor clip (12) is fixed on the tunnel surrounding rock through the mounting plate (11);
the sensor clamp (12) comprises two clamping jaws, and a clamping part for fixing the sensor is formed between the two clamping jaws;
and limiting bulges (13) are arranged on the inner sides of the two claws.
3. A real-time on-line automated monitoring system for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: at least one three-dimensional displacement sensor (2) is arranged, and at least one three-dimensional displacement sensor (2) is fixed on the tunnel surrounding rock through a sensor clamp (12);
the three-dimensional displacement sensors (2) are connected with the data acquisition unit after being connected through the data lines (3).
4. A real-time on-line automated monitoring system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-dimensional displacement sensor (2) comprises a power LDO voltage reduction chip, an RS485 conversion chip, a 32-bit ARM embedded processor, a sensor reference voltage stabilization chip, an MEMS three-dimensional sensor chip, a waterproof explosion-proof shell and a waterproof aviation plug.
5. A real-time on-line automated monitoring system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data acquisition unit comprises an RS485 interface and an RS232 interface, and is connected with the digital output sensor to read information acquired by the displacement sensor;
the system also comprises a 32-bit ARM embedded processor which integrates, processes and sends and reports the read data;
the real-time clock module is used for providing a real-time clock function for the processor and is also used for reporting data to the server at regular time;
the data storage module is used for storing the setting parameters and the collected historical data information through an SD card and/or Nand Flash.
6. A real-time on-line automated monitoring system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data acquisition unit also comprises wireless transmission equipment, and the wireless transmission equipment is used for transmitting the data acquired by the data acquisition unit to the cloud platform;
the wireless transmission equipment comprises a WIFI module and is used for remotely checking data and setting parameters;
the collector has the functions of self-networking and relaying, and realizes the short-distance multi-sampling-point combined collection function through the Zigbee wireless module;
the collector is connected with the Internet through a 4G network and reports the data to the server cloud platform in real time.
7. A real-time on-line automated monitoring system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cloud platform is used for receiving the data reported by the data collector and storing, analyzing, displaying, early warning and disposing the data.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111003809.6A CN113654503A (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Real-time online automatic monitoring system for tunnel in construction period |
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| CN202111003809.6A CN113654503A (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Real-time online automatic monitoring system for tunnel in construction period |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117232451A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-12-15 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Track 3D geometric form high-frequency monitoring system and method |
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| CN105136115A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2015-12-09 | 北京中力智研物联科技有限公司 | Method and device for automatic measurement of tunnel section deformation |
| CN109405758A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-01 | 四川大学 | A kind of tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method and its monitoring system |
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2021
- 2021-08-30 CN CN202111003809.6A patent/CN113654503A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105136115A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2015-12-09 | 北京中力智研物联科技有限公司 | Method and device for automatic measurement of tunnel section deformation |
| CN109405758A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-01 | 四川大学 | A kind of tunnel wall rock deformation monitoring method and its monitoring system |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117232451A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-12-15 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Track 3D geometric form high-frequency monitoring system and method |
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