CN113651772B - 一种盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylbutane-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(C(=O)C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- FLNXBVJLPJNOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-[(4-chlorophenyl)-phenylmethoxy]ethyl]piperidine Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)OCCN1CCCCC1 FLNXBVJLPJNOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 4-chlorodiphenyl chloroethyl ether Chemical compound 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethanol Chemical compound OCCCl SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- AJYOOHCNOXWTKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Chlorobenzhydrol Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 AJYOOHCNOXWTKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GPTVQTPMFOLLOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-ethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCCl GPTVQTPMFOLLOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PTHDBHDZSMGHKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-piperidin-2-ylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1CCCCN1 PTHDBHDZSMGHKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNRWEBKEQARBKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-chloroethyl)piperidine Chemical compound ClCCN1CCCCC1 WNRWEBKEQARBKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UNPLRYRWJLTVAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cloperastine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)OCCN1CCCCC1 UNPLRYRWJLTVAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous methyl chloride Natural products ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001387 anti-histamine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001460 carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950010560 clopidogrel hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- XIHVAFJSGWDBGA-RSAXXLAASA-N methyl (2s)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(6,7-dihydro-4h-thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-5-yl)acetate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1([C@H](N2CC=3C=CSC=3CC2)C(=O)OC)=CC=CC=C1Cl XIHVAFJSGWDBGA-RSAXXLAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D295/084—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
- C07D295/088—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
Abstract
一种盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,将式(Ⅵ)和式(Ⅲ)置于溶剂或无溶剂,经过缩合或醚化反应,分离得到1‑[2‑[(4‑氯‑α苯基苄基)氧]乙基]哌啶(Ⅱ);1‑[2‑[(4‑氯‑α苯基苄基)氧]乙基]哌啶在溶剂中与氯化氢或盐酸成盐得到盐酸氯哌丁。本发明工艺条件温和,操作方便、简单,适用于大规模工业化生产,生产得到的目标产品纯度达到99.7%以上,且单个杂质小于0.1%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药领域,特别涉及一种盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法。
背景技术
盐酸氯哌丁化学名为1-[2-[(4-氯-α苯基苄基)氧]乙基]哌啶盐酸盐,主要用于抑制咳嗽中枢而镇咳,也有微弱的抗组胺作用,无依赖性及耐受性。盐酸氯哌丁是由日本田边三菱制药株式会社研制,1965年5月10日开始在日本上市,我国从上世纪70年代开始生产使用。
盐酸氯哌丁报道的合成路线很少,专利CN104327014B报道以4-氯二苯基甲醇为原料,先与2-氯乙醇在浓硫酸的催化下反应得到4-氯二苯基氯乙基醚,然后在与哌啶在缚酸剂的作用下发生缩合反应到1-[2-[(4-氯-α苯基苄基)氧]乙基]哌啶(Ⅱ),合成路线如下:
该路线需要两步反应才能够制备得到化合物Ⅱ,为直线式合成法。这种合成方法的缺陷是总收率偏低,不如汇聚式合成法收率高,且2-氯乙醇与2-氯乙醇在浓硫酸的作用下也可以发生醚化反应,导致氯乙醇的利用率降低,同时增加了副产物2-氯乙醚,2-氯乙醚与哌啶也可以发生反应生成副产物,导致目标产物收率降低、杂质增加,分离纯化困难,需要多次精制才能制得符合质量要求的产品,增加企业生产成本。
因此,如何设计一种简单、高效的盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,是本领域技术人员亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,其工艺条件温和,操作方便、简单,适用于大规模工业化生产,生产得到的目标产品纯度达到99.7%以上,且单个杂质小于0.1%。
本发明的技术方案是:一种盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)取化合物Ⅳ和化合物Ⅲ,加入第一溶剂和缚酸剂进行缩合反应,或加入第二溶剂和醚化试剂进行醚化反应,至反应结束,分离得到化合物Ⅱ;
2)化合物Ⅱ溶于第二溶剂中,加入HCl,成盐得到盐酸氯哌丁;
所述化合物Ⅳ的结构式为其中,R1为羟基、卤素或磺酸酯,所述化合物Ⅲ的结构式为/>R2为羟基、卤素或磺酸酯,所述化合物Ⅱ的结构式为/>
也即,本发明的合成方程通式为:
其中,第一类合成方程式为:
,
第二类合成方程式为:
第三类合成方程式为:
进一步的,步骤1)化合物Ⅳ和化合物Ⅲ的摩尔比为1:0.8~10,所述第一溶剂和第二溶剂为非质子溶剂。
优选的,步骤1)所述第一溶剂为二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃的任一种或几种混合。
优选的,步骤1)所述缚酸剂为碳酸钠、氢氧化钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、三乙胺的任一种或几种混合,缩合反应温度为-20~150℃,醚化反应时间为1~72h,更优选的,缩合反应温度为10~100℃,缩合反应时间为1~16h。
优选的,步骤1)所述第二溶剂为甲苯、正庚烷、正己烷、环己烷的任一种或几种混合。
优选的,步骤1)所述醚化试剂为氯化氢、硫酸、磷酸的任一种或几种混合,醚化反应温度为-20~150℃,缩合反应时间为1~72h。
优选的,步骤2)所述第三溶剂为二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙腈、四氢呋喃、异丙醇的任一种或几种混合,
优选的,步骤2)成盐温度为-20~80℃,成盐时间为0~72h。
进一步的,步骤2)所述HCl为氯化氢气体或盐酸。
优选的,步骤2)所述HCl与化合物Ⅱ的摩尔比≥1:1。
采用上述技术方案具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明制备方法合成路线中的工艺参数温和,采用常规的设备即可满足工艺参数要求,耗能低且安全可靠,能有效降低生产成本,利于大规模工业化生产。2、本发明制备方法的原料通过缩合或醚化后得到中间产物,且在缩合或醚化过程中通过缚酸剂或醚化试剂的作用,具体为,缚酸剂将缩合反应过程中产生的氯化氢中和掉,有利于反应的进行,醚化试剂将化合物Ⅳ的醇在质子作用下,先失去一分子水,形成稳定的碳正离子,然后与化合物Ⅲ迅速反应,再失去质子得醚即化合物Ⅱ,最后经成盐得到目标产品,合成步骤少,能有效避免副产物(杂质)的生成,提高了目标产品的质量,此外,还减少了精制过程,提高了目标产品的收率,极大降低了目标产物的生产成本,同时,还减少环境污染。
3、本发明制备方法制备得到的盐酸氯哌丁纯度达到99.8%以上,单个杂质小于0.1%,质量符合药典和ICH标准。对产物进行简单分离即可得到高纯度的目标产品,还可有效降低目标产品的损失量,提高原料的利用率,降低目标产物的提取成本。
下面结合具体实施例作进一步的说明。
附图说明
图1为实施例1得到的盐酸氯哌丁的HPLC谱图;
图2为实施例1得到的盐酸氯哌丁的质谱图谱图;
图3为实施例1得到的盐酸氯哌丁的1H NMR谱图;
图4为实施例1得到的盐酸氯哌丁的13C NMR谱图。
具体实施方式
本发明中,使用的原料均为化学纯。
实施例1
步骤1:向三口反应瓶中,依次加入4-氯二苯基氯甲烷20g(84.7mmol)、2-哌啶乙醇10.9g(84.7mmol)和80mL二氯甲烷,搅拌下加入三乙胺10.3g(101mmol),然后在20~30℃反应3小时,TLC检测原料反应完毕。反应液用水洗涤两次,有机相旋干得到油状物化合物(Ⅱ),直接用于下一步。
步骤2:将上一步得到的油状物溶于乙酸异丙酯60mL中,在20~30℃通入氯化氢气体,直至pH小于2后停止,继续20~30℃搅拌1小时,然后降温至0~5℃搅拌1小时,抽滤,滤饼用乙酸异丙酯洗涤,湿品减压干燥得到白色粉末28.2g,收率91.2%,纯度99.8%,最大单个杂质0.05%。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):1.340~1.361(1H,m),1.6513(1H,m),1.750~1.814(4H,m),2.906~2.926(2H,m),3.282~3.290(2H,t),3.373~3.393(2H,m),3.770~3.778(2H,t),5.587(1H,s),7.270(1H,t),7.350(2H,t),7.382~7.418(6H,d),10.824(6H,brs);13C-NMR(DMSO-d6):141.37、140.90、131.99、128.48、128.45、128.37、127.63、126.59、81.92、62.89、55.08、52.38、22.10、21.20;MS-ES(m/z):[M+H]+=330.16(M为盐酸氯哌丁游离碱的分子量)。IR(KBr):2947、2500、1487、1453、1091、1071、1013、757cm-1。
实施例2
步骤1:向三口反应瓶中,依次加入4-氯二苯基甲醇20g(91.7mmol)、N-(2-氯乙基)哌啶13.5g(91.7mmol)、四丁基碘化铵0.2g和80mL二氯甲烷,搅拌下加入三乙胺11.2g(111mmol),然后在30~40℃反应5小时,TLC检测原料反应完毕。降温至30℃用水洗涤两次旋干得到油状物化合物(Ⅱ),直接用于下一步。
步骤2:将上一步得到的油状物溶于乙酸乙酯60mL中,在20~30℃通入氯化氢气体,直至pH小于2后停止,继续20~30℃搅拌1小时,然后降温至0~5℃搅拌1小时,抽滤,滤饼用乙酸乙酯洗涤,湿品减压干燥得到白色粉末30.1g,收率89.8%,纯度99.8%,最大单个杂质0.06%。
实施例3
步骤1:向三口反应瓶中,依次加入4-氯二苯基甲醇20g(91.7mmol)、2-哌啶乙醇11.8g13.5g(91.7mmol)和80mL甲苯中,搅拌下加入浓硫酸5.4g(55.1mmol),然后在100~110℃反应7小时,TLC检测原料反应完毕。降温至0~5℃析晶1小时,抽滤,使用碱液(碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐)调节pH至碱性,加入60mL乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相用洗涤一次,直接用于下一步成盐。
步骤2:将上一步得到的乙酸乙酯化合物(Ⅱ)溶液,在20~30℃通入氯化氢气体,直至pH小于2后停止,继续20~30℃搅拌1小时,然后降温至0~5℃搅拌1小时,抽滤,滤饼用乙酸异乙酯洗涤,湿品减压干燥得到白色粉末28.3g,收率84.6%,纯度99.7%,最大单杂0.08%。
Claims (7)
1.一种盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)取化合物Ⅳ和化合物Ⅲ,加入溶剂和醚化试剂进行醚化反应,至反应结束,分离得到化合物Ⅱ,所述溶剂为甲苯、正庚烷、正己烷、环己烷的任一种或几种混合,所述醚化试剂为氯化氢、硫酸、磷酸的任一种或几种混合;
2)化合物Ⅱ溶于第三溶剂中,加入HCl,成盐得到盐酸氯哌丁;
所述化合物Ⅳ的结构式为,其中,R1为羟基、卤素,所述化合物Ⅲ的结构式为,R2为羟基,所述化合物Ⅱ的结构式为/>。
2.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)化合物Ⅳ和化合物Ⅲ的摩尔比为1:0.8~10。
3.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)醚化反应温度为-20~150℃,醚化反应时间为1~72h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)所述第三溶剂为二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙腈、四氢呋喃、异丙醇的任一种或几种混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)成盐温度为-20~80℃,成盐时间为0~72h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)所述HCl为氯化氢气体或盐酸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸氯哌丁的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)所述HCl与化合物Ⅱ的摩尔比≥1:1。
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CN104327014A (zh) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-04 | 重庆市恒安化工有限公司 | 一种左旋氯哌斯汀芬地柞酸的制备方法 |
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