CN113649669A - 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame and welding process thereof - Google Patents
2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame and welding process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113649669A CN113649669A CN202110869813.4A CN202110869813A CN113649669A CN 113649669 A CN113649669 A CN 113649669A CN 202110869813 A CN202110869813 A CN 202110869813A CN 113649669 A CN113649669 A CN 113649669A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/0026—Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy manufacturing, and particularly discloses a 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen production rack and a welding process thereof. The oxygen generation frame adopts 2A12 aluminum alloy, has high frame strength, controls the temperature of a molten pool in a lower range in the welding process, has higher welding speed, can effectively avoid hot cracks and stress cracks in the welding process, and simultaneously effectively avoids the defects of incomplete penetration and incomplete fusion by adjusting welding parameters and a welding sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy manufacturing, in particular to a 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making rack and a welding process thereof.
Background
Aluminum is easy to oxidize during welding in air, and the generated aluminum oxide (Al2O3) has high melting point and is very stable and difficult to remove. The oxide film has a large specific gravity and is not easy to float out of the surface, and defects such as slag inclusion, incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration and the like are easily generated. The surface oxide film of the aluminum material absorbs a large amount of moisture, so that the welding seam is easy to generate air holes.
The 2A12 oxygen making machine frame is assembled and welded in an angle joint mode, welding deformation is strictly controlled, and defects such as air holes, cracks, incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion and the like are avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making frame and a welding process thereof, which can solve the problems of incomplete penetration and incomplete fusion in the welding process of the existing 2A12 oxygen making frame.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A2A 12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame comprises the following materials by mass percent: si: not more than 0.50%, Cu 3.8-4.9%, Mn: 0.30-0.9%, Mg: 1.2% -1.8% of Ti: less than or equal to 0.15 percent, Ni: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Fe: less than or equal to 0.500 percent, Fe + Ni: less than or equal to 0.600 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other impurities, less than or equal to 0.10 percent in total, and the balance of Al.
A welding process of a 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a weld groove of the workpiece: setting a welding seam position of a workpiece to be welded as a V-shaped groove;
s2, workpiece cleaning: cleaning and degreasing a workpiece material to be welded after machining and forming;
s3, cleaning an oxide layer: cleaning an oxide layer of the workpiece at a welding point of the workpiece by using a 304 stainless steel wire brush, wherein the cleaning width is 5cm, then cleaning the periphery of the welding line by using a cleaning agent, and completing assembly welding within 4 hours after the workpiece is cleaned;
s4, welding process assessment: welding seams of workpieces are welded by TIG double pulses, welding process evaluation is carried out before welding, the welding process evaluation meets the national process evaluation test standard GB/T19869.2-2012, and welding process parameters are adjusted according to the weather environment change of a process evaluation parameter set for welding after the welding process parameters are qualified;
s5, setting a welding tool: adopting a special tool for fixing and welding, reserving welding shrinkage, cooling a to-be-welded seam, then removing the tool, and cleaning the welding part of the workpiece contacted with the welding platform again according to the requirement;
s6, workpiece pretreatment: putting the workpiece into an oven, heating and preserving heat for two hours, setting the temperature at 110-120 ℃, and preserving heat of the welding wire at the same temperature for 15 minutes;
s7, selecting welding materials: adopting a multi-element rare earth tungsten electrode, controlling the extension length of the tungsten electrode within 3 mm, controlling the distance between the tungsten electrode and a molten pool within 3 mm, and simultaneously selecting a proper gas protective cover;
s8, workpiece welding sequence: welding a large support by adopting an adjacent angle welding method, welding an inner side welding seam in the welding process, mechanically back chipping the outer side welding seam after all welding is finished, clamping and fixing a tool again, starting welding from the outer side welding seam between the reinforcing rib and the upright post, and finally welding an outer side welding seam between the top cover and the upright post; then welding the small bracket, firstly welding the inner side welding seam between the upright post and the reinforcing rib of the small bracket, after the welding is finished, mechanically removing the root of the outer side welding seam, and clamping the tool again for fixed welding; after the large bracket and the small bracket are welded respectively, assembling and welding the small bracket and the large bracket, and then welding the small bracket and the large bracket with the base;
s9, overall assembly: after the integral welding is finished, final assembly is required, vibration aging treatment is carried out, and redundant welding stress is eliminated;
s10, polishing the welding seam: after the whole welding of the frame is finished, polishing the welding line, wherein the roughness of the welding line is not more than 6.4;
s11, flaw detection: and carrying out nondestructive flaw detection on the frame after welding and polishing, and checking whether the frame has the defects of air holes, cracks, incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion and the like.
Further, in the step S1, the groove angle is not less than 70 degrees, and the groove depth is 2.5 mm.
Further, acetone is adopted as the workpiece material cleaning agent in the step S2.
Further, in the step S7, the tungsten electrode should be polished to a shape with a large taper and a spherical end, and is smooth and uniform; during welding, a molten pool and a welding wire cannot touch tungsten, and if the tungsten touch occurs, the welding can be continued only after an alloy tool is used for cleaning and re-grinding a tungsten electrode; in the welding process, the transverse and longitudinal angles of the welding gun are ensured to be stable, the welding is carried out at a constant speed, and the welding aluminum alloy is prevented from swinging arc so as to avoid forming disorder of gas protection flow and avoid causing the quality reduction of welding seams.
Further, in the step S7, the welding is performed by Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), an inverter type ac/dc pulsed argon arc welding machine, Hs331 aluminum alloy welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 2.4mm, the welding current is 110-.
Further, in step S8, the temperature of the molten pool during welding of the workpiece is controlled to be within 800 degrees, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be within 120 degrees, and the temperature is maintained for more than 15 minutes at 150 degrees after welding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the oxygen making machine frame adopts 2A12 aluminum alloy, and has high frame strength, tensile strength sigma b (MPa): 410 or more, elongation delta 5 (%): not less than 120; the temperature of a molten pool is controlled in a lower range in the welding process, the welding speed is higher, thermal cracks and stress cracks can be effectively avoided in the welding process, and meanwhile, the defects of incomplete penetration and incomplete fusion are effectively avoided through the adjustment of welding parameters and a welding sequence.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
A2A 12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame comprises the following materials by mass percent: si: not more than 0.50%, Cu 3.8-4.9%, Mn: 0.30-0.9%, Mg: 1.2% -1.8% of Ti: less than or equal to 0.15 percent, Ni: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Fe: less than or equal to 0.500 percent, Fe + Ni: less than or equal to 0.600 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other impurities, less than or equal to 0.10 percent in total and the balance of Al.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) completely preparing a workpiece to be welded on a rack, setting a welding seam position of the workpiece to be welded as a V-shaped groove, prefabricating the groove with an angle not less than 70 degrees and a depth of the groove of 2.5mm, and then cleaning and degreasing a workpiece material to be welded after machining and forming; the cleaning can be carried out by adopting acetone;
after cleaning, cleaning an oxide layer of the workpiece at a welding point of the workpiece by using a 304 stainless steel wire brush, wherein the cleaning width is 5cm, then cleaning the periphery of a welding line by using a cleaning agent, and completing assembly welding within 4 hours after the workpiece is cleaned;
welding seams of workpieces are welded by TIG double pulses, welding process evaluation is carried out before welding, the welding process evaluation meets the national process evaluation test standard GB/T19869.2-2012, and welding process parameters are adjusted according to the weather environment change of a process evaluation parameter set for welding after the welding process parameters are qualified;
adopting a special tool for fixing and welding, reserving welding shrinkage, cooling a to-be-welded seam, then removing the tool, and cleaning the welding part of the workpiece contacted with the welding platform again according to the requirement;
putting the workpiece into an oven, heating and preserving heat for two hours, setting the temperature at 110-120 ℃, and preserving heat of the welding wire at the same temperature for 15 minutes; adopting a multi-element rare earth tungsten electrode, controlling the extension length of the tungsten electrode within 3 mm, controlling the distance between the tungsten electrode and a molten pool within 3 mm, and simultaneously selecting a proper gas protective cover; adopting tungsten electrode argon arc welding (TIG), an inverter type alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine and an Hs331 aluminum alloy welding wire, wherein the diameter of the welding wire is 2.4mm, the welding current is 110-120A, and the voltage is 15.5-15.8V, wherein the protective argon sprayed out of a nozzle of the welding gun is up to 99.9995 percent standard, the preheating temperature is 110-120 ℃, and a tungsten electrode is ground into a shape with large taper and a round end and is smooth and uniform; during welding, a molten pool and a welding wire cannot touch tungsten, and if the tungsten touch occurs, the welding can be continued only after an alloy tool is used for cleaning and re-grinding a tungsten electrode; during welding, the transverse and longitudinal angles of the welding gun are ensured to be stable, the welding is carried out at a constant speed, the welding aluminum alloy avoids swing arc, so that the disorder of gas protection flow is avoided, and the quality reduction of welding seams is avoided
In the welding process, the temperature of a molten pool is controlled within 800 ℃ in the workpiece welding process, the interlayer temperature is controlled within 120 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for more than 15 minutes at 150 ℃ after welding, a large support is welded firstly, an adjacent angle welding method is adopted for the large support, an inner side welding seam is welded firstly in the welding process, the outer side welding seam is subjected to mechanical back gouging treatment after all welding is finished, the fixture is clamped and fixed again, the welding is started from the outer side welding seam between the reinforcing rib and the upright post, and finally the outer side welding seam between the top cover and the upright post is welded; then welding the small bracket, firstly welding the inner side welding seam between the upright post and the reinforcing rib of the small bracket, after the welding is finished, mechanically removing the root of the outer side welding seam, and clamping the tool again for fixed welding; after the large bracket and the small bracket are welded respectively, assembling and welding the small bracket and the large bracket, and then welding the small bracket and the large bracket with the base;
scratch and collision of the surface of a material are avoided in the welding process, welding lines are smooth, beautiful, smooth and free of defects, and the quality of the welding line is required to reach the national II-level welding line standard; and (3) performing spot check by professional staff in the welding process, performing comprehensive detection after welding, performing repair welding repair if quality defects are found, only allowing repair once, and if the quality defects are not qualified after repair, replacing related base metals and re-processing.
After the integral welding is finished, final assembly is required, vibration aging treatment is carried out, and redundant welding stress is eliminated; after the whole welding of the frame is finished, polishing the welding line, wherein the roughness of the welding line is not more than 6.4; and carrying out nondestructive flaw detection on the frame after welding and polishing, and checking whether the frame has the defects of air holes, cracks, incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion and the like.
The oxygen making machine frame of the embodiment adopts 2A12 aluminum alloy, and has high frame strength, tensile strength sigma b (MPa): 410 or more, elongation delta 5 (%): not less than 120; thermal cracks and stress cracks are generated in the welding process, and meanwhile, the defects of incomplete penetration and incomplete fusion are effectively avoided through the adjustment of welding parameters and a welding sequence.
Reference throughout this specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described generally in this application. The appearances of the same phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the scope of the invention to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame is characterized in that the material mass percent is as follows: si: not more than 0.50%, Cu 3.8-4.9%, Mn: 0.30-0.9%, Mg: 1.2% -1.8% of Ti: less than or equal to 0.15 percent, Ni: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Fe: less than or equal to 0.500 percent, Fe + Ni: less than or equal to 0.600 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other impurities, less than or equal to 0.10 percent in total, and the balance of Al.
2. The welding process of the 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a weld groove of the workpiece: setting a welding seam position of a workpiece to be welded as a V-shaped groove;
s2, workpiece cleaning: cleaning and degreasing a workpiece material to be welded after machining and forming;
s3, cleaning an oxide layer: cleaning an oxide layer of the workpiece at a welding point of the workpiece by using a 304 stainless steel wire brush, wherein the cleaning width is 5cm, then cleaning the periphery of the welding line by using a cleaning agent, and completing assembly welding within 4 hours after the workpiece is cleaned;
s4, welding process assessment: welding seams of workpieces are welded by TIG double pulses, welding process evaluation is carried out before welding, the welding process evaluation meets the national process evaluation test standard GB/T19869.2-2012, and welding process parameters are adjusted according to the weather environment change of a process evaluation parameter set for welding after the welding process parameters are qualified;
s5, setting a welding tool: adopting a special tool for fixing and welding, reserving welding shrinkage, cooling a to-be-welded seam, then removing the tool, and cleaning the welding part of the workpiece contacted with the welding platform again according to the requirement;
s6, workpiece pretreatment: putting the workpiece into an oven, heating and preserving heat for two hours, setting the temperature at 110-120 ℃, and preserving heat of the welding wire at the same temperature for 15 minutes;
s7, selecting welding materials: adopting a multi-element rare earth tungsten electrode, controlling the extension length of the tungsten electrode within 3 mm, controlling the distance between the tungsten electrode and a molten pool within 3 mm, and simultaneously selecting a proper gas protective cover;
s8, workpiece welding sequence: welding a large support by adopting an adjacent angle welding method, welding an inner side welding seam in the welding process, mechanically back chipping the outer side welding seam after all welding is finished, clamping and fixing a tool again, starting welding from the outer side welding seam between the reinforcing rib and the upright post, and finally welding an outer side welding seam between the top cover and the upright post; then welding the small bracket, firstly welding the inner side welding seam between the upright post and the reinforcing rib of the small bracket, after the welding is finished, mechanically removing the root of the outer side welding seam, and clamping the tool again for fixed welding; after the large bracket and the small bracket are welded respectively, assembling and welding the small bracket and the large bracket, and then welding the small bracket and the large bracket with the base;
s9, overall assembly: after the integral welding is finished, final assembly is required, vibration aging treatment is carried out, and redundant welding stress is eliminated;
s10, polishing the welding seam: after the whole welding of the frame is finished, polishing the welding line, wherein the roughness of the welding line is not more than 6.4;
s11, flaw detection: and carrying out nondestructive flaw detection on the frame after welding and polishing, and checking whether the frame has the defects of air holes, cracks, incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion and the like.
3. The welding process of the 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the step S1, the angle of the prefabricated groove is not less than 70 degrees, and the depth of the groove is 2.5 mm.
4. The welding process of the 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the workpiece material cleaning agent in the step S2 adopts acetone.
5. The welding process of the 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S7, the tungsten electrode is ground into a shape with large taper and a round ball end, and is smooth and uniform; during welding, a molten pool and a welding wire cannot touch tungsten, and if the tungsten touch occurs, the welding can be continued only after an alloy tool is used for cleaning and re-grinding a tungsten electrode; in the welding process, the transverse and longitudinal angles of the welding gun are ensured to be stable, the welding is carried out at a constant speed, and the welding aluminum alloy is prevented from swinging arc so as to avoid forming disorder of gas protection flow and avoid causing the quality reduction of welding seams.
6. The welding process of the 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S7, the welding adopts Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), an inverter type AC/DC pulse argon arc welding machine, Hs331 aluminum alloy welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 2.4mm, the welding current is 110-120A, the voltage is 15.5-15.8V, wherein the protective argon sprayed out of a nozzle of the welding gun is up to 99.9995% of the standard, and the preheating temperature is 110-120 ℃.
7. The welding process of the 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S8, the temperature of a molten pool is controlled within 800 ℃ in the welding process of the workpiece, the interlayer temperature is controlled within 120 ℃, and the temperature is kept for more than 15 minutes at 150 ℃ after welding.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110869813.4A CN113649669A (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame and welding process thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110869813.4A CN113649669A (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | 2A12 aluminum alloy oxygen making machine frame and welding process thereof |
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| CN113649669A true CN113649669A (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114633039A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-17 | 重庆数码模车身模具有限公司 | New energy automobile aluminum alloy part welding method |
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2021
- 2021-07-30 CN CN202110869813.4A patent/CN113649669A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114633039A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-17 | 重庆数码模车身模具有限公司 | New energy automobile aluminum alloy part welding method |
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Application publication date: 20211116 |