CN113647374A - Layered transverse separation device and method for dry and wet soil animals - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a layered transverse separating device for dry and wet soil animals, which comprises a dry growing device, a wet growing device, a soil adding device, a separating device and a receiving device. The dry-growing device, the wet-growing device and the soil adding device are all detachably and independently arranged at the upper end of the separating device, and the lower end of the separating device is provided with a receiving device; the lower end of the dry-growing device is provided with an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer of dry-growing heat insulation wall; the upper end of the wetland device is provided with an outer layer pressing device, a middle layer pressing device and an inner layer pressing device, the lower end of the pressing device is provided with a connecting structure, the lower end of the connecting structure is provided with a water storage device, the water storage device is in conduction connection with the pressing device, and the outer side of the pressing device is provided with a water feeder; the separating device is provided with an outer layer separating component, a middle layer separating component and an inner layer separating component. According to the invention, a soil sample is divided into three layers and separated at the same time, so that the time required for separating soil animals is shortened by times; the horizontal separation structure makes soil particles difficult to fall into the receiving container, and improves the separation quality.

Description

Layered transverse separation device and method for dry and wet soil animals

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of extraction of dry and wet soil animals, in particular to a layered transverse separation device and method for the dry and wet soil animals.

Background

With the increasing research on the regional distribution and ecological functions of soil animals, how to separate soil animals from soil by using a separation device is an important first step in the relevant research. Whether soil animals can be separated out quickly or not directly influences the carrying efficiency of related research, whether high-quality soil animal samples can be separated out or not determines the difficulty degree of follow-up observation.

The principle of the existing separation and insect drying equipment is mainly that strong light is added on the upper part of soil by utilizing the negative phototaxis and high temperature resistance of soil animals, the temperature of the equipment reaches a certain temperature, the soil animals move, and the animals are separated from the soil by utilizing the influence of gravity.

The main structure of the common insect drying device is a bulb, a funnel, a soil sample sieve and a receiving container. The general working principle is as follows: the funnel is provided with a soil sample sieve, the soil sample is placed in the soil sample sieve, and the soil animals are forced to move downwards and pass through the soil sample sieve by utilizing the illumination and heat provided by the bulb above the funnel, and finally fall into the receiving container. The insect drying device is simple in device, and can perform certain soil animal separation work, but has the following defects: when soil animals are separated, soil particles in the soil sample sieve easily fall into the receiving container, so that the separation quality is reduced; the temperature and the illumination intensity required for separation are provided only by the bulb, so that the working efficiency is low; the open device also makes during operation easily attract some phototaxis insects to fly into or impurity gets into the receiving container, influences experimental data.

The prior separation and insect drying equipment has a portable insect drying device and an insect drying box which can separate a large amount of soil animals in a laboratory, but in experimental use, the separation and insect drying equipment has the following problems:

1. the conventional separation and drying device takes a long time to separate soil animals.

2. The common separation and insect drying equipment only supports separation of dry soil animals or wet soil animals and has a single function.

3. In the process of carrying out soil animal separation experiments by using common separation and insect drying equipment, soil particles with small particle sizes are carried by soil animals passing through a soil sample sieve and fall into a receiving container together due to the action of gravity, so that the experimental observation is influenced by the existence of the soil animals and the soil particles in the receiving container.

4. Conventional separation and drying apparatus requires relatively frequent alcohol addition by laboratory personnel to the receiving vessel when separating the dried soil animals.

5. The temperature required for drying the insects is mainly provided by heating of the bulbs, and the temperature of the soil is difficult to meet the optimal value required for drying the insects in different seasons and different environments.

6. In a common insect separating and drying device or an insect drying box, the required light source is provided by independent bulbs, and the efficiency is low.

7. Ordinary separation and dry by fire worm device simple structure and mostly be the semi-open type, lack stability during the experiment, if the collision appears or rock, make soil sample sieve in soil impurity fall into receiving container or soil sample spill device easily.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a (one beneficial effect) solution to achieve the above object, and the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the layered transverse separating device for dry and wet soil animals comprises a dry growing device, a wet growing device, a soil adding device, a separating device and a receiving device. The dry-growing device, the wet-growing device and the soil adding device are all detachably and independently arranged at the upper end of the separating device, and the lower end of the separating device is provided with a receiving device;

the lower end of the dry-growing device is provided with an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer of dry-growing heat insulation wall; the upper end of the wetland device is provided with an outer layer pressing device, a middle layer pressing device and an inner layer pressing device, the lower end of the pressing device is provided with a connecting structure, the lower end of the connecting structure is provided with a water storage device, the water storage device is in conduction connection with the pressing device, and the outer sides of the pressing devices are provided with water feeders;

the dry heat insulation wall, the water storage device and the water feeder are all in annular columnar structures, and the separation device is provided with an outer layer separation assembly, a middle layer separation assembly and an inner layer separation assembly; the receiving device is provided with a funnel and a receiving vessel, the funnel is arranged below the separating device, and the receiving vessel is arranged below the funnel.

Further, it is outer, in, interior three-layer separation subassembly all includes high-power fluorescent tube, the inboard of high-power fluorescent tube is provided with water bath heater, water bath heater's inboard is provided with soil and holds the recess, soil holds the inboard of recess and is provided with the layer that drops, water storage device and do give birth to the thermal-insulated wall and all insert and establish the corresponding in situ that drops, water storage device's the outside and the inboard that soil held the recess all set up to the separation filter screen, water storage device's inboard is provided with transparent wet heat insulation wall, wet heat insulation wall and connection structure fixed connection, high-power fluorescent tube, water bath heater, soil holds the recess and wet heat insulation wall all is annular columnar structure.

Furthermore, the outer layer separating assembly, the middle layer separating assembly and the inner layer separating assembly are respectively provided with a low-power lamp tube, the low-power lamp tubes are of annular columnar structures, and the low-power lamp tubes are arranged on the inner side of the falling layer.

Furthermore, a wet heat insulation wall is arranged between the low-power lamp tube and the water storage device, the wet heat insulation wall is fixedly connected with the water storage device, and a separated heat insulation wall is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the low-power lamp tube.

Furthermore, the dry heat insulation wall and the water storage device are closely attached to the soil containing groove.

Furthermore, a fixing part of the dry-growing device, a fixing part of the wet-growing device and a fixing part of the soil adding device are arranged on the dry-growing device, the wet-growing device and the soil adding device respectively, and the fixing part of the dry-growing device, the fixing part of the wet-growing device and the fixing part of the soil adding device are clamped and fixed with the separating device respectively.

Furthermore, the receiving device also comprises a storage table and an alcohol adder, the receiving vessel is fixedly arranged on the storage table, and the storage table protrudes out of the side wall of the receiving device; the alcohol adder is arranged at the upper end of the receiving device and is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the funnel; the alcohol adder includes control switch, alcohol automatic flow export and liquid level inductor, and alcohol automatic flow export sets up on the lateral wall of funnel upper end, and the liquid level inductor sets up on the lateral wall of receiving the household utensils, is electric connection between control switch, alcohol automatic flow export, the liquid level inductor and the power.

Furthermore, a plurality of springs for pressing and resetting are arranged on the pressing device.

Provided is a method for separating dried soil animals, which comprises the following steps:

s1: the soil adding device is arranged at the upper end of the separating device, the soil adding device and the separating device are clamped and fixed through a soil adding device fixing piece, a soil sample is added into the soil containing groove through a soil adding opening in the soil adding device, and then the soil adding device is taken down;

s2: a drying device is arranged at the upper end of the separation device, the drying device and the separation device are clamped and fixed through a drying device fixing part, a drying heat insulation wall of the drying device is inserted into a falling layer corresponding to the separation device, the soil containing groove is sealed, a sealed space is generated in the soil containing groove, oxygen in the sealed space is consumed through the respiration of animals in the soil sample, and an oxygen-deficient space is generated;

s3: after a set time T1, taking down the drying device to make air enter the falling layer;

s4: the main switch and the control switch are turned on, the high-power lamp tube, the water bath heater, the low-power lamp tube and the alcohol adder start to work, under the combined action of illumination generated by the high-power lamp tube and heat generated by the water bath heater, the dry soil animals move to the separation filter screen and enter the falling layer due to high temperature resistance, negative phototaxis and certain phototaxis, and then fall into a receiving vessel through a funnel below the falling layer, and the alcohol adder can automatically add alcohol into the receiving vessel, wherein the low-power lamp tube utilizes the negative phototaxis of the dry soil animals to prevent the dry soil animals from being attached to the inner side of the falling layer;

s5: and after a set time T2, closing the main switch and the control switch, pulling out the containing table, and taking out the receiving vessel on the containing table to obtain the dry soil animal sample.

There is provided a method for the isolation of wet soil animals comprising the steps of:

a1: the soil adding device is arranged at the upper end of the separating device, the soil adding device fixing piece is used for clamping and fixing the soil adding device and the separating device, a soil sample is added into the soil containing groove through a soil adding opening of the soil adding device, and the soil adding device is taken down;

a2: the upper end of the separating device is provided with a wet generating device, and the wet generating device and the separating device are clamped and fixed through a wet generating device fixing piece;

a3: the water storage device on the wetland device is inserted into the falling layer corresponding to the separation device, so that the soil containing groove and the water storage device are closed;

a4: pressing down a piston of the water feeder, and immersing water into the water storage device through the soil sample and the separation filter screen after the water enters the soil containing groove through a water outlet of the water feeder;

a5: the main switch is turned on, the high-power lamp tube, the water bath heater and the low-power lamp tube start to work, and under the combined action of illumination generated by the high-power lamp tube and heat generated by the water bath heater, the hygrophytic soil animals move to the separation filter screen and enter the water storage device due to high temperature avoidance and negative phototaxis, wherein the low-power lamp tube prevents the hygrophytic soil animals from being attached to the inner side of the water storage device by utilizing the negative phototaxis of the hygrophytic soil animals;

a6: after a set time T3, pressing down the pressing device to extrude the water in the water storage device and the wet soil animals together, so that the water and the wet soil animals finally fall into a receiving vessel through a funnel, pressing down the piston of the water feeder again, and after a set time T4, pressing down the pressing device to further separate the wet soil animals;

a7: and closing the main switch, pulling out the containing platform, and taking out the receiving vessel on the containing platform to obtain the sample of the hygrophytic soil animal.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention can be used for separating dry soil animals and wet soil animals, one soil sample is divided into three layers for separation simultaneously during separation, the time for separating the soil animals is shortened by times, and meanwhile, the soil particles with smaller particle size are difficult to fall into a receiving container due to the transverse separation structure, so that the separation quality is improved.

2. The water bath heater can control the temperature required during separation, and compared with the traditional insect drying device, the water bath heater can more accurately control the temperature during separation; the annular arrangement of the high-power lamp tubes is that the separating device provides a light source, so that the illumination is more sufficient, and the negative phototaxis of soil animals is fully utilized.

3. When the dry-living soil animals are separated, the dry-living soil animals in the falling layer can be attached to the inner side of the falling layer, the installation of the low-power lamp tube can avoid the attachment of the dry-living soil animals to the inner side of the falling layer when the combined action of the illumination generated by the high-power lamp tube and the heat generated by the water bath heater on the dry-living soil animals is extremely small, and the separation quality is improved.

4. The wet heat insulation wall isolates light and heat emitted by the low-power lamp tube, and wet soil animals and water fall into the receiving vessel together, so that the soil animals are difficult to attach to the inner side of the falling layer, the separation efficiency can be improved to a certain extent by isolating the light and the heat emitted by the low-power lamp tube, the wet heat insulation wall occupies a certain space of the falling layer, the volume of the water storage device is reduced, and the water consumption for separating the wet soil animals is reduced; the separating and heat insulating wall separates the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer separating assembly, so that the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer separating assembly are not influenced by each other.

5. Airtight cooperation makes soil hold the recess and has produced an inclosed space, because soil animal's respiration makes certain oxygen deficiency condition appear in the soil sample for when the separation, soil animal is not only under the effect of self burden phototaxis and keeping away the high temperature, still under the drive of self certain phototaxis, strides skin, middle level, inlayer separation filter screen, realizes the separation, has improved separation efficiency to a certain extent.

6. The fixing part of the dry-growing device, the fixing part of the wet-growing device and the fixing part of the soil adding device are clamped and fixed with the separating device, and the limiting and fixing effects are achieved.

7. The object holding table is convenient for taking and placing the receiving vessel, and the alcohol adding device can automatically add alcohol into the receiving vessel. The experiment can be continued even if the experimenter is absent.

8. The spring enables the pressing device to realize automatic reset after being pressed.

9. The method for separating the dry soil animals from the wet soil animals has reasonable steps, effectively utilizes the characteristics of high temperature resistance and negative phototaxis of the dry soil animals for separation, simultaneously creates a closed space for the dry soil animals by using a dry device, utilizes certain phototaxis of the dry soil animals during separation, and improves the separation efficiency to a certain extent; the wetland device creates a closed space for the wetland soil animals during separation, and the influence of factors such as external illumination, temperature and the like on the separation is isolated; the receiving device has high automation degree, and the receiving vessel is convenient to take and place.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a separating apparatus with a wet growth apparatus mounted thereon.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the separator with the wet-growth device mounted thereon.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a wet-grown device.

Fig. 4 is a front view of a fixture for a hydrophyte device.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the water adder.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a desiccation device.

Fig. 7 is a front view of a drylaid device fixture.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the earther.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an earthmoving apparatus.

Fig. 10 is a front view of an earther fixture.

Fig. 11 is a connection diagram of an internal circuit.

Wherein, 1, the wet-growing device, 2, the separating device, 3, the receiving device, 4, the outer soil containing groove, 5, the middle soil containing groove, 6, the inner soil containing groove, 7, the outer water bath heater, 8, the middle water bath heater, 9, the inner water bath heater, 10, the outer high-power lamp tube, 11, the middle high-power lamp tube, 12, the inner high-power lamp tube, 13, the outer low-power lamp tube, 14, the middle low-power lamp tube, 15, the inner low-power lamp tube, 16, the outer separating heat-insulating wall, 17, the middle separating heat-insulating wall, 18, the alcohol adding port, 19, the alcohol storage tank, 20, the control switch, 21, the alcohol automatic outflow port, 23, the liquid level sensor, 24, the funnel, 25, the receiving vessel, 26, the object containing table, 27, the wet-growing device fixing part, 28, the dry-growing device, 29, the soil adding device, 30, An outer layer presser, 31, a middle layer presser, 32, an inner layer presser, 33, an outer layer spring, 34, a middle layer spring, 35, an inner layer spring, 36, an outer layer connecting structure, 37, a middle layer connecting structure, 38, an inner layer connecting structure, 39, an outer layer water storage device, 40, a middle layer water storage device, 41, an inner layer water storage device, 42, an outer layer wet heat insulation wall, 43, a middle layer wet heat insulation wall, 44, an inner layer wet heat insulation wall, 45, an outer layer water filler, 46, a middle layer water filler, 47, an inner layer water filler, 48, a piston, 49, a water storage tank, 50, a water outlet, 51, an outer layer dry heat insulation wall, 52, a middle layer dry heat insulation wall, 53, an inner layer dry heat insulation wall, 54, a soil filling port, 55, an outer layer soil filling port, 56, a middle layer soil filling port, 57, an inner layer soil filling port, 58, a power supply, 59, a total switch, 61, an outer layer heater, 62, a heater, 63, a heater, a water storage tank, inner heater, 64, the outer layer that drops, 65, the middle level layer that drops, 66, the inner layer that drops, 67, outer filter screen, 68, the middle level filter screen, 69, the inner filter screen, 70, outer separation filter screen, 71, the middle level separation filter screen, 72, the inner separation filter screen, 73, separator mounting, 74, do living the device, 75, add native device.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the layered transverse separation device for the dry and wet soil animals in the scheme comprises a dry growing device 74, a wet growing device 1, a soil adding device 75, a separation device 2 and a receiving device 3. The dry growing device 74, the wet growing device 1 and the soil adding device 75 are all detachably and independently arranged at the upper end of the separating device 2, and the receiving device 3 is arranged at the lower end of the separating device 2.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a tapered dry generator fixing member 28 for engaging and fixing with the separator 2 is provided at the upper end of the dry generator 74, and an outer dry heat insulating wall 51, an intermediate dry heat insulating wall 52, and an inner dry heat insulating wall 53 are provided at the lower end of the dry generator 74 from the outside to the inside. The outer, middle and inner three layers of dry heat insulation walls are all in annular columnar structures and are all concentrically arranged.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, a conical wet growth device fixing member 27 for being engaged and fixed with the separating device 2 is arranged at the upper end of the wet growth device 1, an outer layer presser 30, a middle layer presser 31 and an inner layer presser 32 are respectively arranged at the upper end of the wet growth device 1 from outside to inside in a clearance manner, the outer layer presser 31 and the middle layer presser 31 are both in an annular columnar structure, and the inner layer presser 32 is in a cylindrical structure; the outer, middle and inner three layers of pressing devices are respectively and correspondingly provided with a plurality of outer layer springs 33, middle layer springs 34 and inner layer springs 35 for pressing and resetting, the lower ends of the outer, middle and inner three layers of pressing devices are respectively provided with an outer layer connecting structure 36, a middle layer connecting structure 37 and an inner layer connecting structure 38, the lower ends of the outer, middle and inner three layer connecting structures are respectively provided with an outer layer water storage device 39, a middle layer water storage device 40 and an inner layer water storage device 41, the outer side walls of the outer, middle and inner three layer water storage devices are respectively provided with an outer layer separating filter screen 70, a middle layer separating filter screen 71 and an inner layer separating filter screen 72, the outer, middle and inner three layer separating filter screens can play a role of storing water and temporarily containing soil animals when separating wet soil animals, the outer, middle and inner three layer water storage devices are respectively communicated and connected with the corresponding outer, middle and inner three layers of pressing devices, and the outer, middle and inner three layers of pressing devices are pressed, the corresponding outer, middle and inner three layers of water storage devices lose the functions of water storage and temporary accommodation of soil animals; the outer sides of the outer layer presser, the middle layer presser and the inner layer presser are respectively provided with an outer layer water feeder 45, a middle layer water feeder 46 and an inner layer water feeder 47, and the outer layer presser, the middle layer presser and the inner layer water feeder are respectively composed of a piston 48, a water storage tank 49 and a water outlet 50; the outer, middle and inner water storage devices and the water feeder are all in annular columnar structures.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the upper end of the soil adding device 75 is provided with a conical soil adding device fixing member 29 for being fastened and fixed with the separation device 2, the soil adding device 75 is provided with a soil adding port 54, and the soil adding port 54 comprises an outer soil adding port 55, a middle soil adding port 56 and an inner soil adding port 57.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the outer layer separating assembly, the middle layer separating assembly and the inner layer separating assembly are respectively arranged on the separating device 2 from outside to inside in a clearance manner, the outer layer separating assembly, the middle layer separating assembly and the inner layer separating assembly are connected through a separating device fixing member 73, and the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer dry heat insulation wall and the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer water storage device can be respectively and independently inserted into the corresponding outer layer separating assembly, middle layer separating assembly and inner layer separating assembly; the outer, middle and inner three-layer separating assemblies are respectively provided with an outer layer high-power lamp tube 10, a middle layer high-power lamp tube 11 and an inner layer high-power lamp tube 12, the inner sides of the outer, middle and inner three-layer high-power lamp tubes are respectively provided with an outer layer water bath heater 7, a middle layer water bath heater 8 and an inner layer water bath heater 9, the inner sides of the outer, middle and inner three-layer water bath heaters are respectively provided with an outer layer soil containing groove 4, a middle layer soil containing groove 5 and an inner layer soil containing groove 6, the outer, middle and inner three-layer water feeders are correspondingly arranged at the upper ends of the outer, middle and inner three-layer soil containing grooves, and water can be added into the corresponding outer, middle and inner three-layer soil containing grooves by pressing pistons 48 of the outer, middle and inner three-layer water feeders; the outer side walls of the outer, middle and inner three-layer soil containing grooves 6 are respectively provided with an outer layer filter screen 67, a middle layer filter screen 68 and an inner layer filter screen 69, the inner side walls of the outer, middle and inner three-layer soil containing grooves are respectively provided with an outer layer separation filter screen 70, a middle layer separation filter screen 71 and an inner layer separation filter screen 72, in particular, the outer, middle and inner three-layer filter screens all adopt 14-mesh filter screens, the outer, middle and inner three-layer separation filter screens all adopt 60-mesh filter screens, the inner sides of the outer, middle and inner three-layer soil containing grooves are respectively provided with an outer layer falling layer 64, a middle layer falling layer 65 and an inner layer falling layer 66, the outer, middle and inner three-layer dry heat insulation walls and water storage devices can be arranged in the corresponding outer, middle and inner three-layer falling layers, and the outer side walls of the outer, middle and inner three-layer dry heat insulation walls and the water storage devices are respectively attached to the inner side walls of the corresponding outer, middle and inner three-layer soil containing grooves, the inner sides of the outer, middle and inner three-layer water storage devices are respectively provided with a transparent outer layer wet-growing heat insulation wall 42, a middle layer wet-growing heat insulation wall 43 and an inner layer wet-growing heat insulation wall 44, the outer, middle and inner three-layer wet-growing heat insulation walls are fixedly connected with the corresponding outer, middle and inner three-layer connecting structures, and the outer, middle and inner three-layer high-power lamp tubes, the water bath heater, the soil containing groove and the wet-growing heat insulation walls are all in annular columnar structures.

The outer layer small-power lamp tube 13, the middle layer small-power lamp tube 14 and the inner layer small-power lamp tube 15 are respectively arranged on the outer layer separating component, the middle layer separating component and the inner layer separating component, the outer layer small-power lamp tube, the middle layer small-power lamp tube and the inner layer small-power lamp tube are all in an annular columnar structure, and the outer layer small-power lamp tube, the middle layer small-power lamp tube and the inner layer small-power lamp tube are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the outer layer dropping layer, the middle layer dropping layer and the inner layer dropping layer. In the later period of separating the dry soil animals, the dry soil animals can be attached to the inner side of the falling layer, and the low-power lamp tube is arranged to avoid the attachment of the dry soil animals, so that the separation quality is improved. As shown in fig. 11, a plurality of outer layer heaters 61, middle layer heaters 62 and inner layer heaters 63 are respectively arranged in the outer layer water bath heater, the middle layer water bath heater and the inner layer water bath heater, the outer layer heater, the middle layer water bath heater and the inner layer heater are all in block structures, and the outer layer heater, the middle layer heater, the inner layer heater, the outer layer high-power lamp tube, the middle layer high-power lamp tube and the inner layer high-power lamp tube are connected in parallel with each other, then are electrically connected with a power supply 58 and are controlled by a main switch 59.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, transparent outer layer wet heat insulation wall 42, middle layer wet heat insulation wall 43 and inner layer wet heat insulation wall 44 are respectively arranged between the outer layer water storage device, middle layer water storage device and inner layer small power lamp tube, the outer layer wet heat insulation wall, middle layer wet heat insulation wall and inner layer wet heat insulation wall are fixedly connected with the corresponding outer layer connecting structure, middle layer connecting structure and inner layer connecting structure, and the purpose of arranging the outer layer wet heat insulation wall, middle layer wet heat insulation wall and inner layer wet heat insulation wall is to isolate a small amount of light and heat emitted by the small power lamp tube; the inner sides of the outer layer small-power lamp tube 14 and the middle layer small-power lamp tube 14 are respectively and fixedly provided with an outer layer separating heat-insulating wall 16 and a middle layer separating heat-insulating wall 17, and the outer layer separating heat-insulating wall 17 and the middle layer separating heat-insulating wall 17 are arranged to separate the outer layer separating component, the middle layer separating component and the inner layer separating component, so that the outer layer separating component, the middle layer separating component and the inner layer separating component are not influenced by each other.

Outer, in, interior three-layer does give birth to thermal-insulated wall and outer, in, interior three-layer water storage equipment all holds the airtight cooperation of recess with corresponding outer, in, interior three-layer soil, make soil hold the recess and produced an inclosed space, because soil animal's respiration, certain oxygen deficiency condition appears in making the soil sample, make when the separation, soil animal is not only under self burden phototaxis and keep away the effect of high temperature, still under the drive of self certain phototaxis nature, stride outer, in, interior three-layer separation filter screen, realize the separation, separation efficiency has been improved to a certain extent.

As shown in fig. 2, the receiving device 3 is provided with a funnel 24, a receiving vessel 25, a holding platform 26 and an alcohol adder, the funnel 24 is arranged below the separating device 2, the receiving vessel 25 is arranged below the funnel 24, the receiving vessel 25 is fixedly arranged on the holding platform 26, and the holding platform 26 protrudes out of the side wall of the receiving device 3, so that the holding platform 26 is convenient to take and place; the alcohol adder is arranged at the upper end of the receiving device 3 and is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the funnel 24, the alcohol adder comprises an alcohol adding port 18, an alcohol storage tank 19, a control switch 20, an alcohol automatic flow outlet 21 and a liquid level sensor 23, the alcohol adding port 18 is arranged at the upper end of the alcohol storage tank 19, the alcohol automatic flow outlet 21 is arranged on the side wall of the upper end of the funnel 24, the liquid level sensor 23 is arranged on the side wall of the receiving vessel 25, and the control switch 20, the alcohol automatic flow outlet 21, the liquid level sensor 23 and the power supply 58 are all electrically connected.

The method for separating the dry soil animals comprises the following steps:

s1: installing an earth adding device 75 at the upper end of the separating device 2, clamping and fixing the earth adding device 75 and the separating device 2 through an earth adding device fixing piece 29, adding a soil sample into the soil containing groove by utilizing an earth adding opening 54 on the earth adding device 75, and then taking down the earth adding device 75;

s2: the dry-growing device 74 is arranged at the upper end of the separating device 2, the dry-growing device 74 and the separating device 2 are clamped and fixed through the dry-growing device fixing part 28, the dry-growing heat insulation wall of the dry-growing device 74 is inserted into the corresponding falling layer of the separating device 2, the soil containing groove is sealed, a sealed space is generated in the soil containing groove, and oxygen in the sealed space is consumed through the respiration of animals in the soil sample to generate an anoxic space;

s3: after a set time T1, the dryout device 74 is removed, allowing air to enter the falling layer;

s4: the main switch 59 and the control switch 20 are turned on, the high-power lamp tube, the water bath heater, the low-power lamp tube and the alcohol adder start to work, under the combined action of illumination generated by the high-power lamp tube and heat generated by the water bath heater, the dry soil animals move to the separation filter screen and enter the falling layer due to high temperature resistance, negative phototaxis and certain phototaxis, and then fall into the receiving vessel 25 through the funnel 24 below the falling layer, and the alcohol adder can automatically add alcohol into the receiving vessel 25, wherein the low-power lamp tube utilizes the negative phototaxis of the dry soil animals to prevent the dry soil animals from being attached to the inner side of the falling layer;

s5: after a set time T2, the main switch 59 and the control switch 20 are closed, the containing platform 26 is pulled out, and the receiving vessel 25 on the containing platform 26 is taken out to obtain a dry soil animal sample.

The method for separating the wet soil animals comprises the following steps:

a1: installing a soil adding device 75 at the upper end of the separation device 2, clamping and fixing the soil adding device 75 and the separation device 2 by a soil adding device fixing part, adding a soil sample into the soil containing groove by utilizing the soil adding port 54 of the soil adding device 75, and taking down the soil adding device 75;

a2: the wet growth device 1 is arranged at the upper end of the separation device 2, and the wet growth device 1 and the separation device 2 are clamped and fixed through a wet growth device fixing part 27;

a3: the water storage device on the wetland device 1 is inserted into the falling layer corresponding to the separation device 2, so that the soil containing groove and the water storage device are closed;

a4: pressing down a piston 48 of the water feeder, and immersing water into the water storage device through the soil sample and the separation filter screen after the water enters the soil containing groove through a water outlet 50 of the water feeder;

a5: the main switch 59 is turned on, the high-power lamp tube, the water bath heater and the low-power lamp tube start to work, and under the combined action of illumination generated by the high-power lamp tube and heat generated by the water bath heater, the hygrophytic soil animals move to the separation filter screen and enter the water storage device because of high temperature resistance and negative phototaxis resistance, wherein the low-power lamp tube prevents the hygrophytic soil animals from being attached to the inner side of the water storage device by utilizing the negative phototaxis resistance of the hygrophytic soil animals;

a6: after a set time T3, pressing the pressing device to extrude the water in the water storage device and the wet soil animals together, enabling the water to finally fall into the receiving vessel 25 through the funnel 24, pressing the piston 48 of the water feeder again, and after a set time T4, pressing the pressing device to further separate the wet soil animals;

a7: the master switch 59 is closed, the holding platform 26 is pulled out, and the receiving vessel 25 on the holding platform 26 is taken out, so that the sample of the hygrophytic soil animal is obtained.

The method for separating the dry soil animals from the wet soil animals has reasonable steps, effectively utilizes the characteristics of high temperature resistance and negative phototaxis of the dry soil animals for separation, simultaneously builds a closed space for the dry soil animals by the dry device 74, utilizes certain phototaxis of the dry soil animals during separation, and improves the separation efficiency to a certain extent; the wetland device 1 creates a closed space for the wetland soil animals during separation, and isolates the influence of factors such as external illumination, temperature and the like on the separation; the receiving device 3 has high automation degree, and the receiving vessel 25 is convenient to take and place.

Claims (10)

1. A layered transverse separating device for dry and wet soil animals is characterized by comprising a dry growing device, a wet growing device, a soil adding device, a separating device and a receiving device. The dry-growing device, the wet-growing device and the soil adding device are all detachably and independently arranged at the upper end of the separating device, and the lower end of the separating device is provided with a receiving device;

the lower end of the dry-growing device is provided with an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer of dry-growing heat insulation wall; the upper end of the wet-growing device is provided with an outer layer pressing device, a middle layer pressing device and an inner layer pressing device, the lower ends of the outer layer pressing device, the middle layer pressing device and the inner layer pressing device are all provided with connecting structures, and the lower ends of the connecting structures are provided with water storage devices; the water storage device is communicated with the pressing device, and a water feeder is arranged on the outer side of the pressing device;

the water storage device, the water feeder and the dry heat insulation wall are all in annular columnar structures, and the separation device is provided with an outer layer separation assembly, a middle layer separation assembly and an inner layer separation assembly; the receiving device is provided with a funnel and a receiving vessel, the funnel is arranged below the separating device, and the receiving vessel is arranged below the funnel.

2. The stratified type transverse separating device for the dry and wet soil animals according to claim 1, wherein the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer of the separating components comprise high-power lamp tubes, water bath heaters are arranged on the inner sides of the high-power lamp tubes, soil containing grooves are formed in the inner sides of the water bath heaters, falling layers are arranged on the inner sides of the soil containing grooves, the water storage device and the dry heat insulation wall are respectively inserted into the falling layers, separating filter screens are arranged on the outer sides of the water storage device and the inner sides of the soil containing grooves, transparent wet heat insulation walls are arranged on the inner sides of the water storage device, the wet heat insulation walls are fixedly connected with the connecting structure, and the high-power lamp tubes, the water bath heaters, the soil containing grooves and the wet heat insulation walls are all in an annular columnar structure.

3. The stratified lateral separating apparatus for dry and wet soil animals as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer, middle and inner layers of the separating members are provided with low power lamps, the low power lamps are in annular column structure, and the low power lamps are arranged at the inner side of the falling layer.

4. The stratified dry-wet soil animal separating device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a wet-wet heat insulation wall is arranged between the low-power lamp tube and the water storage device, the wet-wet heat insulation wall is fixedly connected with the water storage device, and a separating heat insulation wall is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the low-power lamp tube.

5. The stratified lateral separation apparatus for dry and wet soil animals according to claim 2, wherein the outer, middle and inner layers of dry heat insulation wall and water storage device are closely attached to the soil containing groove.

6. The stratified lateral separation device for dry and wet soil animals according to claim 2, wherein a dry device fixing member, a wet device fixing member and an earth adding device fixing member are respectively arranged on the dry device, the wet device and the earth adding device, and the dry device fixing member, the wet device fixing member and the earth adding device fixing member are respectively fixed with the separation device in a clamping manner.

7. The layered transverse separation device for the dry and wet soil animals according to claim 1, wherein the receiving device further comprises a storage table and an alcohol adding device, the receiving vessel is fixedly arranged on the storage table, and the storage table protrudes out of the side wall of the receiving device; the alcohol adder is arranged at the upper end of the receiving device and is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the funnel; the alcohol adder includes control switch, alcohol automatic flow export and liquid level inductor, alcohol automatic flow export sets up on the lateral wall of funnel upper end, the liquid level inductor sets up on the lateral wall of receiving the household utensils, be electric connection between control switch, alcohol automatic flow export, the liquid level inductor and the power.

8. The stratified lateral separation apparatus for dry and wet soil animals according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of springs for pressing and returning are arranged on the pressing device.

9. A method of separating dry soil animals using the stratified dry and wet soil animal separation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

s1: the soil adding device is arranged at the upper end of the separating device, the soil adding device and the separating device are clamped and fixed through a soil adding device fixing piece, a soil sample is added into the soil containing groove through a soil adding opening in the soil adding device, and then the soil adding device is taken down;

s2: a drying device is arranged at the upper end of the separation device, the drying device and the separation device are clamped and fixed through a drying device fixing part, a drying heat insulation wall of the drying device is inserted into a falling layer corresponding to the separation device, the soil containing groove is sealed, a sealed space is generated in the soil containing groove, oxygen in the sealed space is consumed through the respiration of animals in the soil sample, and an oxygen-deficient space is generated;

s3: after a set time T1, taking down the drying device to make air enter the falling layer;

s4: the main switch and the control switch are turned on, the high-power lamp tube, the water bath heater, the low-power lamp tube and the alcohol adder start to work, under the combined action of illumination generated by the high-power lamp tube and heat generated by the water bath heater, the dry soil animals move to the separation filter screen and enter the falling layer due to high temperature resistance, negative phototaxis and certain phototaxis, and then fall into a receiving vessel through a funnel below the falling layer, and the alcohol adder can automatically add alcohol into the receiving vessel, wherein the low-power lamp tube utilizes the negative phototaxis of the dry soil animals to prevent the dry soil animals from being attached to the inner side of the falling layer;

s5: and after a set time T2, closing the main switch and the control switch, pulling out the containing table, and taking out the receiving vessel on the containing table to obtain the dry soil animal sample.

10. A method for separating wet soil animals by using the layered lateral separation apparatus for dry and wet soil animals according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

a1: the soil adding device is arranged at the upper end of the separating device, the soil adding device fixing piece is used for clamping and fixing the soil adding device and the separating device, a soil sample is added into the soil containing groove through a soil adding opening of the soil adding device, and the soil adding device is taken down;

a2: the upper end of the separating device is provided with a wet generating device, and the wet generating device and the separating device are clamped and fixed through a wet generating device fixing piece;

a3: the water storage device on the wetland device is inserted into the falling layer corresponding to the separation device, so that the soil containing groove and the water storage device are closed;

a4: pressing down a piston of the water feeder, and immersing water into the water storage device through the soil sample and the separation filter screen after the water enters the soil containing groove through a water outlet of the water feeder;

a5: the main switch is turned on, the high-power lamp tube, the water bath heater and the low-power lamp tube start to work, and under the combined action of illumination generated by the high-power lamp tube and heat generated by the water bath heater, the hygrophytic soil animals move to the separation filter screen and enter the water storage device due to high temperature avoidance and negative phototaxis, wherein the low-power lamp tube prevents the hygrophytic soil animals from being attached to the inner side of the water storage device by utilizing the negative phototaxis of the hygrophytic soil animals;

a6: after a set time T3, pressing down the pressing device to extrude the water in the water storage device and the wet soil animals together, so that the water and the wet soil animals finally fall into a receiving vessel through a funnel, pressing down the piston of the water feeder again, and after a set time T4, pressing down the pressing device to further separate the wet soil animals;

a7: and closing the main switch, pulling out the containing platform, and taking out the receiving vessel on the containing platform to obtain the sample of the hygrophytic soil animal.

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