CN113639662A - Pipe ring roundness measuring device and method - Google Patents

Pipe ring roundness measuring device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113639662A
CN113639662A CN202110982715.1A CN202110982715A CN113639662A CN 113639662 A CN113639662 A CN 113639662A CN 202110982715 A CN202110982715 A CN 202110982715A CN 113639662 A CN113639662 A CN 113639662A
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Prior art keywords
distance
detection unit
pipe ring
angle
box body
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Inventor
覃旭
林海荣
吴小燕
汪慧琴
朱涛
刘超
胡倩
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Shanghai M&d Technical Measurement Co ltd
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Shanghai M&d Technical Measurement Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G01B11/2408—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring roundness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring roundness of a pipe ring, wherein the device comprises a box body and a base, wherein a driving device is arranged on the base and is used for driving the box body to do circular motion relative to the base; a first distance detection unit and a second distance detection unit are mounted on the surface of the box body, and a first angle exists between the measurement direction of the first distance detection unit and the measurement direction of the second distance detection unit; the box body is also provided with an angle detection unit; the first distance detection unit, the second distance detection unit and the angle detection unit are respectively connected with a calculation device, and the calculation device calculates the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method. The invention can stably and accurately detect the roundness of the pipe ring.

Description

Pipe ring roundness measuring device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipe ring roundness measurement, in particular to a pipe ring roundness measurement device and a pipe ring roundness measurement method.
Background
In the shield method construction, the tunnel support adopts the mode of splicing lining by precast concrete pipe segments, and because a ring pipe ring is formed by connecting a plurality of pipe segments through bolts, the quality of a formed tunnel is influenced because the whole ellipse of the pipe ring is affected by improper splicing or deformation, and the roundness of the pipe ring is one of the acceptance indexes and long-term monitoring contents of the shield tunnel.
The roundness measurement of the pipe ring can be divided into two links according to the construction process: current ring measurement, periodic monitoring of the formed pipe ring. The current ring measurement is the roundness measurement of the pipe rings which are just spliced after each pushing is finished, and in actual construction, because the current ring position is the position of the shield tunneling splicing machine, the ideal channel measurement is poor due to narrow space and difficulty in channel measurement. The periodic monitoring of the formed pipe ring is to periodically monitor the pipe ring tunnel which is not in the range of the shield trolley, a manual measurement mode is usually adopted, a total station or a scanner is used for section measurement, the manual workload is large, the instrument cost is high, and the measurement frequency is low.
In addition, whether the measured section is perpendicular to the axis of the pipe ring when the roundness of the pipe ring is measured is an important reason for influencing the measurement precision, and the connection line from the center point of the measurement point to the point to be measured is difficult to ensure to be perpendicular to the axis of the pipe ring when the single-point measurement is carried out. How to stably and practically detect the roundness of the pipe ring under various scenes while ensuring the measurement precision is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the roundness of a pipe ring, which can stably and accurately detect the roundness of the pipe ring.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the pipe ring roundness measuring device comprises a box body and a base, wherein a driving device is arranged on the base and is used for driving the box body to do circular motion relative to the base; a first distance detection unit and a second distance detection unit are mounted on the surface of the box body, a first angle exists between the measurement direction of the first distance detection unit and the measurement direction of the second distance detection unit, the first distance detection unit is used for detecting a first distance from the first distance detection unit to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be detected, and the second distance detection unit is used for detecting a second distance from the second distance detection unit to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be detected; the box body is also provided with an angle detection unit, and the angle detection unit is used for detecting a second angle of the box body relative to the horizontal plane; the first distance detection unit, the second distance detection unit and the angle detection unit are respectively connected with a calculation device, and the calculation device calculates the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method based on the first distance, the second distance, the first angle and the second angle.
The computing device includes: the vertical distance calculation unit is used for calculating the vertical distance from the pipe ring roundness measurement device to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be measured based on the first distance and the second distance obtained under the plurality of second angles and the first angle; the coordinate acquisition unit is used for carrying out one-to-one correspondence on the plurality of vertical distances and the plurality of second angles obtained by the vertical distance calculation unit to obtain coordinate data of the plurality of detection points; and the roundness calculation unit is used for calculating the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method based on the coordinate data of the plurality of detection points.
The vertical distance calculating unit is provided with
Figure BDA0003229756320000021
Calculating the vertical distance from the pipe ring roundness measuring device to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be measured, wherein SLiIs a first distance, SR, at the ith second angleiIs the second distance at the ith second angle and alpha is the first angle.
The first distance detection unit and the second distance detection unit are both laser range finders.
The angle detection unit is an inclinometer.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the pipe ring roundness measuring device comprises the following steps:
(1) arranging the pipe ring roundness measuring device at any position in the pipe ring to be measured, so that the box body is aligned to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be measured;
(2) the driving device drives the box body to rotate, the first distance detection unit and the second distance detection unit perform distance measurement every time the box body rotates by a fixed angle, meanwhile, the angle detection unit records the angle of the box body relative to the horizontal plane, and after the box body rotates by 360 degrees, data measured by the first distance detection unit, the second distance detection unit and the angle detection unit are transmitted to the computing device;
(3) the calculating device calculates the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method based on the data measured by the first distance detecting unit, the second distance detecting unit and the angle detecting unit.
Advantageous effects
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: the measuring device and the measuring method have the advantages that the cost is low, the measuring accuracy is improved, the roundness of the pipe ring can be reflected more truly, and in addition, the integral roundness error caused by the deviation of the measuring position per se can be avoided through the measurement of the vertical distance. By using the device to monitor the pipe ring for a long time, the convergence deformation information of the pipe ring can be reflected by the roundness of the pipe ring in different periods, and the requirement of pipe ring convergence monitoring can be met. Meanwhile, the invention is suitable for fixed installation and automatic detection, also meets the requirements of manual and portable measurement, and has convenient use and wide application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a pipe ring roundness measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of measurements made using an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a pipe ring roundness measuring device, which comprises a box body 1 and a base 2, wherein a driving device 6 is installed on the base 2, and the driving device 6 is used for driving the box body 1 to perform circular motion relative to the base 2. In the present embodiment, the driving device 6 is implemented by a dc motor. The surface mounting of box 1 has first distance detecting element 3 and second distance detecting element 4, there is first angle alpha between first distance detecting element 3's the direction of measurement and second distance detecting element 4's the direction of measurement, first distance detecting element 3 is used for detecting first distance detecting element 3 is to the first distance of the interior anchor ring of the pipe ring that awaits measuring, second distance detecting element 4 is used for detecting the second is apart from detecting element 4 to the second distance of the interior anchor ring of the pipe ring that awaits measuring. In the present embodiment, the first distance detecting unit 3 and the second distance detecting unit 4 are implemented by using a laser range finder. The box body 1 is further provided with an angle detection unit 5, and the angle detection unit 5 is used for detecting a second angle theta of the box body 1 relative to the horizontal plane. In the present embodiment, the angle detection unit 5 is implemented by an inclinometer. The first distance detection unit 3, the second distance detection unit 4 and the angle detection unit 5 are respectively connected with a calculation device, and the calculation device calculates the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method based on the first distance, the second distance, the first angle and the second angle.
The computing device includes: a vertical distance calculating unit for calculating a vertical distance based on the angle at a plurality of second angles thetaiFirst distance SL obtained belowiAnd a second distance SRiAnd the first angle alpha can calculate the vertical distance from the pipe ring roundness measuring device to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be measured through the cosine law, and the specific calculation mode is as follows:
Figure BDA0003229756320000031
wherein SLiIs a first distance, SR, at the ith second angleiIs the second distance at the ith second angle and alpha is the first angle. A coordinate obtaining unit for obtaining the plurality of vertical distances H obtained by the vertical distance calculating unitiTo a plurality of second angles thetaiCorresponding one to obtain coordinate data P of multiple detection pointsi(Hi,θi) (ii) a A roundness calculation unit for calculating a roundness of the detected point based on the coordinate data P of the detected pointsi(Hi,θi) And calculating the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method. The computing device in the embodiment can be realized by adopting an industrial personal computer.
The following describes in detail the roundness measurement of the pipe ring by using the pipe ring roundness measurement device, and specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, as shown in fig. 2, the pipe ring roundness measuring apparatus according to the above embodiment is installed at any position in the pipe ring to be measured, so that the measurement direction of the pipe ring roundness measuring apparatus is approximately aligned with the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be measured.
Step 2, the measurement can be started under the condition of no shielding, the box body 1 is driven to rotate through the direct current motor 6, and the first laser range finder 3 carries out distance measurement every time the box body 1 rotates for a certain angle to obtain SL1,SL2，…,SLNThe second laser range finder 4 measures the distance to obtain the SR1,SR2，…,SRNSimultaneously, the inclinometer 5 records the angle of the box body 1 relative to the horizontal plane after each rotation to obtain theta1,θ2,…,θNAnd sequentially and rotationally measuring a circle, wherein N is the number of times required by the rotation of the box body 1 by 360 degrees, the more the number of times, the more accurate the finally measured data is, and the data are transmitted to the industrial personal computer through the interface.
Step 3, according to the data returned by the pipe ring roundness measuring device, the first angle alpha of the first laser range finder 3 and the second laser range finder 4 is fixed and known, so that the distance SL measured by the first laser range finder 3 isiThe distance SR measured with the second laser rangefinder 4iCan calculate the measuring device after each rotationVertical distance H from center point to inner ring surface of pipe ringiThe calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003229756320000041
obtaining the vertical distance H under N second angles1,H2,…,HN. The data of one circle is measured as the measured data of the inner circle of the pipe ring, and the included angle theta between the box body and the horizontal plane output by the inclinometer is matched with the measured data every timeiThe first detected point coordinate P can be obtained1(H1,θ1) Second detected point coordinate P2(H2,θ2) The third coordinate of the detected point P3(H3,θ3) … …, Nth detection point coordinate PN(HN,θN). And based on the coordinates of the N detection points, the roundness of the pipe ring can be calculated by a least square circle fitting method.
The measuring device and the measuring method have the advantages that the cost is low, the measuring accuracy is improved, the roundness of the pipe ring can be reflected more truly, and in addition, the integral roundness error caused by the deviation of the measuring position per se can be avoided through the measurement of the vertical distance. Meanwhile, the invention is suitable for fixed installation and automatic detection, also meets the requirements of manual and portable measurement, and has convenient use and wide application.

Claims (6)

1. The pipe ring roundness measuring device is characterized by comprising a box body and a base, wherein a driving device is arranged on the base and used for driving the box body to perform circular motion relative to the base; a first distance detection unit and a second distance detection unit are mounted on the surface of the box body, a first angle exists between the measurement direction of the first distance detection unit and the measurement direction of the second distance detection unit, the first distance detection unit is used for detecting a first distance from the first distance detection unit to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be detected, and the second distance detection unit is used for detecting a second distance from the second distance detection unit to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be detected; the box body is also provided with an angle detection unit, and the angle detection unit is used for detecting a second angle of the box body relative to the horizontal plane; the first distance detection unit, the second distance detection unit and the angle detection unit are respectively connected with a calculation device, and the calculation device calculates the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method based on the first distance, the second distance, the first angle and the second angle.
2. A pipe ring roundness measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the calculation means includes: the vertical distance calculation unit is used for calculating the vertical distance from the pipe ring roundness measurement device to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be measured based on the first distance and the second distance obtained under the plurality of second angles and the first angle; the coordinate acquisition unit is used for carrying out one-to-one correspondence on the plurality of vertical distances and the plurality of second angles obtained by the vertical distance calculation unit to obtain coordinate data of the plurality of detection points; and the roundness calculation unit is used for calculating the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method based on the coordinate data of the plurality of detection points.
3. The pipe ring roundness measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the vertical distance calculating unit passes
Figure FDA0003229756310000011
Calculating the vertical distance from the pipe ring roundness measuring device to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be measured, wherein SLiIs a first distance, SR, at the ith second angleiIs the second distance at the ith second angle and alpha is the first angle.
4. The pipe ring roundness measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first distance detecting unit and the second distance detecting unit are both laser range finders.
5. The pipe ring roundness measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the angle detecting unit is an inclinometer.
6. A pipe ring roundness measuring method using the pipe ring roundness measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) arranging the pipe ring roundness measuring device at any position in the pipe ring to be measured, so that the box body is aligned to the inner ring surface of the pipe ring to be measured;
(2) the driving device drives the box body to rotate, the first distance detection unit and the second distance detection unit perform distance measurement every time the box body rotates by a fixed angle, meanwhile, the angle detection unit records the angle of the box body relative to the horizontal plane, and after the box body rotates by 360 degrees, data measured by the first distance detection unit, the second distance detection unit and the angle detection unit are transmitted to the computing device;
(3) the calculating device calculates the roundness of the pipe ring by adopting a least square circle fitting method based on the data measured by the first distance detecting unit, the second distance detecting unit and the angle detecting unit.
CN202110982715.1A 2021-08-25 2021-08-25 Pipe ring roundness measuring device and method Pending CN113639662A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110982715.1A CN113639662A (en) 2021-08-25 2021-08-25 Pipe ring roundness measuring device and method

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116561475A (en) * 2022-01-27 2023-08-08 重庆科创职业学院 Computer-based horizontal oil tank oil storage capacity calculation method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116561475A (en) * 2022-01-27 2023-08-08 重庆科创职业学院 Computer-based horizontal oil tank oil storage capacity calculation method
CN116561475B (en) * 2022-01-27 2024-05-14 重庆科创职业学院 Computer-based horizontal oil tank oil storage capacity calculation method

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