CN113636853A - Carbon fiber composite brake pad and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon fiber composite brake pad and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113636853A CN113636853A CN202111000740.1A CN202111000740A CN113636853A CN 113636853 A CN113636853 A CN 113636853A CN 202111000740 A CN202111000740 A CN 202111000740A CN 113636853 A CN113636853 A CN 113636853A
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-IGMARMGPSA-N silicon-28 atom Chemical group [28Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
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- C04B35/83—Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a carbon fiber composite brake pad, which comprises the following steps: s1, mixing phenolic resin, polyethylene glycol and acetone to prepare coating impregnation liquid; mixing graphite flakes, short fibers, nano silicon powder, fumed silica and phenolic resin liquid, and performing ball milling dispersion to obtain a dipping mixed solution; s2, oxidizing the surface of the carbon fiber woven fabric, and coating the carbon fiber woven fabric with the coating impregnation liquid; constructing a brake pad main body according to a required shape and then carrying out carbonization treatment; and S3, dipping the brake pad main body by using a suction dipping method to dip the dipping mixed solution, heating and shaping, and finally graphitizing in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the carbon fiber composite brake pad. The brake pad has small fluctuation of friction coefficient and wear rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon fiber composite brake pad and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of automobile braking.
Background
With the continuous development and popularization of the automobile industry, the braking performance of the automobile is more concerned by people. In the emergency braking process of an automobile, the brake pad and the brake disc/brake drum are in violent friction, so that a large amount of heat and abrasive dust are generated. If the generated heat can not be cooled in time, the local temperature of the brake pad is too high and oxidized, the braking performance of the brake pad is greatly reduced, and the driving safety is affected. In addition, under the action of contact stress, the material is easy to fatigue to generate cracks, and further damage is caused to the surface of the brake pad/brake drum.
The carbon fiber is used as a novel non-metallic material with excellent performances such as high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the field of automobile industry, and the manufactured carbon fiber brake pad has the advantages of low density, good braking performance, good wear resistance, low braking noise and the like. However, the carbon fiber composite brake pad still mainly comprises carbon element, and the instant temperature of the existing carbon fiber composite brake pad can reach 500 ℃ during high-speed emergency braking, while carbon can be carbonized when the temperature of the carbon exceeds 400 ℃ in the air, which is particularly shown in that the friction coefficient and the wear rate fluctuate greatly, thereby affecting the braking effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a carbon fiber composite brake pad and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a preparation method of a carbon fiber composite brake pad comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing phenolic resin, polyethylene glycol and acetone to prepare coating impregnation liquid; mixing graphite flakes, short fibers, nano silicon powder, fumed silica and phenolic resin liquid, and performing ball milling dispersion to obtain a dipping mixed solution;
s2, oxidizing the surface of the carbon fiber woven fabric, and coating the carbon fiber woven fabric with the coating impregnation liquid; constructing a brake pad main body according to a required shape and then carrying out carbonization treatment;
and S3, dipping the brake pad main body by using a suction dipping method to dip the dipping mixed solution, heating and shaping, and finally graphitizing in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the carbon fiber composite brake pad.
As a further improvement, the coating impregnation liquid comprises 30-40 parts of phenolic resin, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol and 50-65 parts of acetone.
As a further improvement, the impregnation mixed liquor comprises 32-35 parts of graphite flakes, 20-25 parts of short fibers, 7-10 parts of nano silicon powder, 5-13 parts of fumed silica and 28-30 parts of phenolic resin liquid.
As a further improvement, the oxidation treatment is a mixed liquid treatment of strong acid and strong oxidant.
As a further improvement, the strong acid is one or two of concentrated nitric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid; the strong oxidant is selected from potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite.
As a further improvement, the carbonization treatment is to raise the temperature to 800-1100 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5-6 ℃/min, preserve the temperature for 55-65min, and lower the temperature to room temperature at a rate of 5-6 ℃/min.
As a further improvement, the graphitization is to raise the temperature to 2500-3000 ℃ at a temperature raising speed of 3-4 ℃/min, preserve the temperature for 55-65min, lower the temperature to 950-1050 ℃ at a speed of 2-3 ℃/min, and then naturally cool the room temperature.
As a further improvement, the temperature of the heating and shaping is 65-75 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-20 min.
A carbon fiber composite material brake pad prepared by the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the carbon fiber composite material brake pad prepared by the invention has the advantages that the surface oxidation treatment of the carbon fiber woven fabric can remove surface impurities, increase the specific surface area of the fiber and effectively improve the mechanical property and the adhesive property between the carbon fiber woven fabric and a matrix. The impregnation liquid is coated to strengthen the bonding of the fiber main body, and meanwhile, polyethylene glycol is added to manufacture a hollow channel in the fiber main body. Carry out the main part flooding through the dipping mode of bleeding, can make the flooding liquid flow away along a direction for the graphite flake has directional arrangement and increases the wearability, and short-staple inserts the vacancy hole passageway, forms network structure increase main part intensity after the graphitization. Meanwhile, the nano silicon powder and the fumed silica generate high-temperature oxidation resistant materials of silicon carbide and silicon nitride under the conditions of the nano silicon powder and the fumed silica, so that the oxidation resistance is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of the suction impregnation provided in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a manufacturing process of a carbon fiber composite brake pad provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing friction coefficients at different test temperatures of the brake pads of example 1 of the present invention and the brake pad of the comparative example.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing wear rates of brake pads according to example 1 of the present invention and comparative example at different test temperatures.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a carbon fiber composite brake pad, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing phenolic resin, polyethylene glycol and acetone to prepare coating impregnation liquid; graphite flakes, short fibers, nano silicon powder, gas-phase silicon dioxide and phenolic resin liquid are mixed and then are dispersed by ball milling to form impregnation mixed liquid.
S2, oxidizing the surface of the carbon fiber woven fabric, removing surface impurities, increasing the specific surface area of the fiber, and effectively improving the mechanical property and the adhesive property between the fiber and the matrix. Coating the carbon fiber woven fabric with the coating impregnation liquid; the purpose of the coating is to enhance the bonding of the fiber body, while polyethylene glycol is added in order to create a void channel in the fiber body. And constructing the brake pad main body according to the required shape, and then carrying out carbonization treatment to obtain the brake pad main body structure with the hollow hole channel.
And S3, dipping the brake pad main body by using a suction dipping method to dip the dipping mixed solution, heating and shaping, and finally graphitizing in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the carbon fiber composite brake pad. The impregnation can be carried out by pumping, so that impregnation liquid can flow away along one direction, the graphite flake has directional arrangement and increased wear resistance, the short fibers are inserted into the hollow hole channels, a net structure is formed after graphitization to increase the strength of the main body, and meanwhile, the nano silicon powder and the fumed silica generate high-temperature oxidation-resistant materials, namely silicon carbide and silicon nitride under the conditions of the nano silicon powder and the fumed silica to increase the oxidation resistance.
As a further improvement, the coating impregnation liquid comprises 30-40 parts of phenolic resin, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol and 50-65 parts of acetone.
As a further improvement, the impregnation mixed liquor comprises 32-35 parts of graphite flakes, 20-25 parts of short fibers, 7-10 parts of nano silicon powder, 5-13 parts of fumed silica and 28-30 parts of phenolic resin liquid.
As a further improvement, the oxidation treatment is a mixed liquid treatment of strong acid and strong oxidant.
As a further improvement, the strong acid is one or two of concentrated nitric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid; the strong oxidant is selected from potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite.
As a further improvement, the carbonization treatment is to raise the temperature to 800-1100 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5-6 ℃/min, preserve the temperature for 55-65min, and lower the temperature to room temperature at a rate of 5-6 ℃/min. The carbonization treatment mainly comprises the steps of carrying out pyrolysis on phenolic resin to leave carbon elements, increasing the structural strength of the product, keeping the carbon residue rate better at the carbonization temperature, and controlling the decomposition speed and reducing the structural damage by the heating mode.
As a further improvement, the graphitization is to raise the temperature to 2500-3000 ℃ at a temperature raising speed of 3-4 ℃/min, preserve the temperature for 55-65min, lower the temperature to 950-1050 ℃ at a speed of 2-3 ℃/min, and then naturally cool the room temperature. Can better guarantee under this intensification condition that phenolic resin has moderate decomposition when decomposing, can not lead to decomposing at the excessive speed and produce a large amount of gases, destroy the structure, influence intensity, control at the cooling process simultaneously, mainly prevent that the cooling leads to the shrink too strong at the excessive speed, influence structural strength.
As a further improvement, the temperature of the heating and shaping is 65-75 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-20 min.
A carbon fiber composite material brake pad prepared by the method.
Example 1
(1) Preparing coating impregnation liquid, wherein the coating impregnation liquid comprises 40 parts of phenolic resin, 8 parts of polyethylene glycol and 52 parts of solvent acetone by weight. And preparing a dipping mixed solution which comprises 35 parts of graphite flakes, 25 parts of short fibers, 7 parts of nano silicon powder, 5 parts of gas-phase silicon dioxide and 28 parts of phenolic resin liquid by weight.
(2) Cutting and cutting the selected woven fiber cloth according to the shape of a product, placing the cut woven fiber cloth in a container for oxidation treatment, wherein the liquid-phase oxidation liquid is prepared from concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium permanganate according to the volume ratio of 1; treating at 70 ℃ for 2h at the ratio of 1:0.3, finally adding a certain amount of hydrogen peroxide, then washing with water, and drying to finish the pretreatment of the carbon fiber.
(3) Coating the carbon fiber woven fabric with the coating impregnation liquid, constructing the brake pad main body according to the shape of a product after coating, overlapping the carbon fiber woven fabric layer by layer, finally performing carbonization treatment, heating the carbon fiber woven fabric to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 60min, and cooling the carbon fiber woven fabric to room temperature at the speed of 6 ℃/min to obtain the carbon fiber composite brake pad main body with the empty hole channel.
(4) And (3) placing the carbon fiber composite material main body in a dipping die, sucking the dipping mixed liquid from one end, sucking air from the other end, stopping sucking air when the dipping mixed liquid flows to an air suction opening, finishing dipping, heating the die to 70 ℃, and preserving heat for 15min to shape the composite material main body.
(5) And graphitizing the shaped composite material main body in a nitrogen atmosphere, keeping the graphitizing temperature at the temperature of 3000 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min for 60min, cooling to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to finish the preparation of the carbon fiber composite material brake pad.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the oxidation treatment of the carbon fiber cloth was not performed, and the other example was the same as example 1.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the coating solution was not added with polyethylene glycol, and a carbon fiber composite material body without a void channel was obtained, and the other examples were the same as example 1.
Example 4
The difference from the example 1 is that the impregnation is carried out by directly pouring the impregnation solution without using the suction impregnation method, and the other steps are the same as the example 1.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the impregnation liquid mixture is poured directly into the impregnation liquid without adding short fibers, and the impregnation is performed, and the other is the same as example 1.
The friction coefficient and wear rate at different test temperatures of the brake pad of each example are shown in fig. 3 and 4. According to the results shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the carbon fiber composite brake pad prepared by the invention has small friction coefficient change at different temperatures, can better ensure the braking stability, and has small wear rate and long service life.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the carbon fiber composite brake pad is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing phenolic resin, polyethylene glycol and acetone to prepare coating impregnation liquid; mixing graphite flakes, short fibers, nano silicon powder, fumed silica and phenolic resin liquid, and performing ball milling dispersion to obtain a dipping mixed solution;
s2, oxidizing the surface of the carbon fiber woven fabric, and coating the carbon fiber woven fabric with the coating impregnation liquid; constructing a brake pad main body according to a required shape and then carrying out carbonization treatment;
and S3, dipping the brake pad main body by using a suction dipping method to dip the dipping mixed solution, heating and shaping, and finally graphitizing in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the carbon fiber composite brake pad.
2. The preparation method of the carbon fiber composite brake pad according to claim 1, wherein the coating impregnation liquid comprises 30-40 parts of phenolic resin, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol and 50-65 parts of acetone.
3. The method for preparing the carbon fiber composite brake pad according to claim 1, wherein the impregnation mixed solution comprises 32-35 parts of graphite flakes, 20-25 parts of short fibers, 7-10 parts of nano silicon powder, 5-13 parts of fumed silica and 28-30 parts of phenolic resin solution.
4. The method for preparing the carbon fiber composite brake pad according to claim 1, wherein the oxidation treatment is a mixed solution treatment of strong acid and strong oxidant.
5. The method for preparing the carbon fiber composite brake pad according to claim 4, wherein the strong acid is one or two of concentrated nitric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid; the strong oxidant is selected from potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite.
6. The method for preparing the carbon fiber composite brake pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbonization treatment comprises raising the temperature to 800-.
7. The method for preparing the carbon fiber composite brake pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphitization is to raise the temperature to 3000 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 3-4 ℃/min, preserve the temperature for 55-65min, lower the temperature to 1050 ℃ at a rate of 2-3 ℃/min, and then naturally cool the brake pad to room temperature.
8. The preparation method of the carbon fiber composite brake pad according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heating and shaping is 65-75 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-20 min.
9. A carbon fibre composite brake pad produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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