CN113636727A - 一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统及方法 - Google Patents
一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统及方法,包括养殖池、过滤设备、固液分离池、厌氧发酵池、沉淀池、潜流湿地池、微生物净化池、Ⅰ级过滤坝、Ⅱ级过滤坝、Ⅲ级过滤坝和蓄水池,所述的沉淀池、Ⅰ级过滤坝、潜流湿地池、Ⅱ级过滤坝、微生物净化池、Ⅲ级过滤坝和蓄水池按水流方向依次设置,蓄水池的上清液通过管道与养殖池的进水系统连通。本发明能对养殖尾水进行多层级有效处理,大大提高了养殖尾水处理和资源化利用效率,降低养殖过程中的用水量和水质调控成本,提高养殖效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水产循环水养殖技术领域,具体是一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统及方法。
背景技术
在水产养殖行业,流水养殖、网箱养殖等方式是传统的养殖方式,传统养殖方式面临着较多的问题,如单位面积产量低、劳动强度大、工作环境差、从业人员素质偏低、人工成本高,养殖水体富营养化、发病率高、养殖尾水污染周边生态环境等,不利于环境友好,不符合产业绿色高质量发展要求。
面对传统养殖方式的诸多问题,人们开始探索集约化的循环水养殖方法,循环水养殖系统作为现代集约化水产养殖模式,已经具备了养殖密度高、不受季节限制、节水省地、环境可控等优势,与传统的流水养殖模式和网箱养殖相比,陆基循环水设备自动化程度较高,占地面积小,单位水体产量高;更接近市场,保证产品新鲜度的同时,还可以大幅度降低运输成本;投喂、密度等把控更加精准,生产稳定,缩短养殖周期,提高生产效率,当前绝大多数循环水养殖系统都存在需要定时、定期排污及养殖对象捕获后一次性排放尾水的情况,为实现全封闭式循环水养殖,达到真正的零排放,不对周边的环境产生污染,增强循环水养殖的竞争力,需要一种实用的循环水养殖尾水处理系统。
发明内容
针对现有技术中出现的问题,本发明提供一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统及方法,能够充分将养殖尾水进行资源化利用、通过多级净化处理实现循环利用。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:提供一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统,包括养殖池、过滤设备、固液分离池、厌氧发酵池、沉淀池、潜流湿地池、微生物净化池、Ⅰ级过滤坝、Ⅱ级过滤坝、Ⅲ级过滤坝和蓄水池,所述养殖池的底部为漏斗状,养殖池设置进水系统和排水系统,排水系统包括用于收集中上层水的收集管以及连接于漏斗底端的底污排管,收集管进水端连通于养殖池的中部,收集管的出水端延伸出养殖池并与过滤设备连接,过滤设备的滤液通过管道与沉淀池连通,过滤设备的滤渣通过管道与厌氧发酵池连通;所述的底污排管与固液分离池连通,固液分离池的固体沉淀物通过管道与厌氧发酵池连通,固液分离池的上清液通过管道与过滤设备连接;所述的沉淀池、Ⅰ级过滤坝、潜流湿地池、Ⅱ级过滤坝、微生物净化池、Ⅲ级过滤坝和蓄水池按水流方向依次设置,蓄水池的上清液通过管道与养殖池的进水系统连通。
作为本技术方案的优选,所述养殖池的进水系统包括进水管和增氧机,增氧机的氧气出口连通进水管,进水管与池壁形成一定角度,通过进水冲力和氧气流的推力,使养殖池的水形成适当的环流,利鱼运动,高效排污。
作为本技术方案的优选,所述的系统还包括智能监测系统,智能监测系统包括中央控制系统、监控摄像头和水质检测传感器,中央控制系统设置断电报警模块,增氧机、监控摄像头和水质检测传感器均和中央控制系统连接。
作为本技术方案的优选,所述的沉淀池内设有水生植物、螺贝类和滤食性鱼类。
作为本技术方案的优选,所述的潜流湿地池内铺设滤料和曝气装置。
作为本技术方案的优选,所述的微生物净化池内投放滤食性鱼类、水生植物、藻类和微生物。
本发明还提供了一种陆基圆池循环水养殖尾水处理方法,包括以下步骤:
1)养殖池内养殖水产品时,进水和增氧形成池水环流,漩涡中心集污,通过收集管将养殖池内的中上层水排放至过滤设备,过滤设备对中上层水进行过滤;养殖池内的底污通过底污排管排放至固液分离池进行固液分离;
2)中上层水过滤后的滤液排放至沉淀池内,滤渣排放至厌氧发酵池内进行发酵;底污在固液分离池内固液分离后的固定沉淀物排放至厌氧发酵池内进行发酵,固液分离池的上清液进入过滤设备进行过滤,过滤的滤渣进入厌氧发酵池内进行发酵,过滤的滤液进入沉淀池内;
3)厌氧发酵池发酵后形成的肥料用于植物施肥;
4)进入沉淀池内的滤液进行沉淀,沉淀池内培育有水生植物、螺贝类和滤食性鱼类;沉淀池的上清水通过Ⅰ级过滤坝进入潜流湿地池,入潜流湿地池的上清水通过Ⅱ级过滤坝进入微生物净化池,微生物净化池内养殖水生植物、滤食性鱼类、藻类和微生物,微生物净化池通过Ⅲ级过滤坝进入蓄水池内,蓄水池上清水进入养殖池的进水系统,实现养殖尾水的循环。
本发明陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统及方法能对养殖尾水进行多层级有效处理,大大提高了养殖尾水处理和资源化利用效率,降低养殖过程中的用水量和水质调控成本,提高养殖效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做详细的说明。
如图1所示,本发明一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统,包括养殖池、过滤设备、固液分离池、厌氧发酵池、沉淀池、潜流湿地池、微生物净化池、Ⅰ级过滤坝、Ⅱ级过滤坝、Ⅲ级过滤坝和蓄水池,养殖池的底部为漏斗状,养殖池设置进水系统和排水系统,排水系统包括用于收集中上层水的收集管以及连接于漏斗底端的底污排管,收集管进水端连通于养殖池的中部,收集管的出水端延伸出养殖池并与过滤设备连接,过滤设备的滤液通过管道与沉淀池连通,过滤设备的滤渣通过管道与厌氧发酵池连通;底污排管与固液分离池连通,固液分离池的固体沉淀物通过管道与厌氧发酵池连通,固液分离池的上清液通过管道与过滤设备连接;沉淀池、Ⅰ级过滤坝、潜流湿地池、Ⅱ级过滤坝、微生物净化池、Ⅲ级过滤坝和蓄水池按水流方向依次设置,蓄水池的上清液通过管道与养殖池的进水系统连通。
本发明在具体实施时,收集管进水端以及养殖池的漏斗底端设置筛网,防止养殖的水产品进入,管道上设置水泵,增加水输送的动力,水泵可以设在收集管上也可以设在各段的管道上,也可以使用虹吸效应进行水的输送。养殖池的进水系统包括进水管和增氧机,增氧机的氧气出口连通进水管,进水管与池壁形成一定角度,通过进水冲力和氧气流的推力,使养殖池的水形成适当的环流,利鱼运动,高效排污。处理系统还包括智能监测系统,智能监测系统包括中央控制系统、监控摄像头和水质检测传感器,中央控制系统设置断电报警模块,增氧机、监控摄像头和水质检测传感器均和中央控制系统连接,水质检测传感器的检测参数包括温度、ORP、电导率、溶解氧、铵离子、硝酸根离子、PH值。过滤设备采用的是微滤机。
沉淀池内设有水生植物、螺贝类和滤食性鱼类,潜流湿地池内铺设滤料和曝气装置,微生物净化池内投放滤食性鱼类、水生植物、藻类和微生物。
本发明还提供一种陆基圆池循环水养殖尾水处理方法,包括以下步骤:
1)养殖池内养殖水产品时,进水和增氧形成池水环流,漩涡中心集污,通过收集管将养殖池内的中上层水排放至过滤设备,过滤设备对中上层水进行过滤;养殖池内的底污通过底污排管排放至固液分离池进行固液分离;
2)中上层水过滤后的滤液排放至沉淀池内,滤渣排放至厌氧发酵池内进行发酵;底污在固液分离池内固液分离后的固定沉淀物排放至厌氧发酵池内进行发酵,固液分离池的上清液进入过滤设备进行过滤,过滤的滤渣进入厌氧发酵池内进行发酵,过滤的滤液进入沉淀池内;
3)厌氧发酵池发酵后形成的肥料用于植物施肥;
4)进入沉淀池内的滤液进行沉淀,沉淀池内培育有水生植物、螺贝类和滤食性鱼类;沉淀池的上清水通过Ⅰ级过滤坝进入潜流湿地池,入潜流湿地池的上清水通过Ⅱ级过滤坝进入微生物净化池,微生物净化池内养殖水生植物、滤食性鱼类、藻类和微生物,微生物净化池通过Ⅲ级过滤坝进入蓄水池内,蓄水池上清水进入养殖池的进水系统,实现养殖尾水的循环。
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明,但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例,不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明范围所作的均等变化与改进等,均应仍归属于本专利涵盖范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统,其特征在于:包括养殖池、过滤设备、固液分离池、厌氧发酵池、沉淀池、潜流湿地池、微生物净化池、Ⅰ级过滤坝、Ⅱ级过滤坝、Ⅲ级过滤坝和蓄水池,所述养殖池的底部为漏斗状,养殖池设置进水系统和排水系统,排水系统包括用于收集中上层水的收集管以及连接于漏斗底端的底污排管,收集管进水端连通于养殖池的中部,收集管的出水端延伸出养殖池并与过滤设备连接,过滤设备的滤液通过管道与沉淀池连通,过滤设备的滤渣通过管道与厌氧发酵池连通;所述的底污排管与固液分离池连通,固液分离池的固体沉淀物通过管道与厌氧发酵池连通,固液分离池的上清液通过管道与过滤设备连接;所述的沉淀池、Ⅰ级过滤坝、潜流湿地池、Ⅱ级过滤坝、微生物净化池、Ⅲ级过滤坝和蓄水池按水流方向依次设置,蓄水池的上清液通过管道与养殖池的进水系统连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统,其特征在于:所述养殖池的进水系统包括进水管和增氧机,增氧机的氧气出口连通进水管,,进水管与池壁形成一定角度,通过进水冲力和氧气流的推力,使养殖池的水形成适当的环流,利鱼运动,高效排污。
3.根据权利要求2所述的陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统,其特征在于:所述的系统还包括智能监测系统,智能监测系统包括中央控制系统、监控摄像头和水质检测传感器,中央控制系统设置断电报警模块,增氧机、监控摄像头和水质检测传感器均和中央控制系统连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统,其特征在于:所述的沉淀池内设有水生植物、螺贝类和滤食性鱼类。
5.根据权利要求1所述的陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统,其特征在于:所述的潜流湿地池内铺设滤料和曝气装置。
6.根据权利要求1所述的陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理系统,其特征在于:所述的微生物净化池内投放滤食性鱼类、水生植物、藻类和微生物。
7.一种陆基圆池循环养殖尾水处理方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)养殖池内养殖水产品时,进水和增氧形成池水环流,漩涡中心集污,通过收集管将养殖池内的中上层水排放至过滤设备,过滤设备对中上层水进行过滤;养殖池内的底污通过底污排管排放至固液分离池进行固液分离;
2)中上层水过滤后的滤液排放至沉淀池内,滤渣排放至厌氧发酵池内进行发酵;底污在固液分离池内固液分离后的固定沉淀物排放至厌氧发酵池内进行发酵,固液分离池的上清液进入过滤设备进行过滤,过滤的滤渣进入厌氧发酵池内进行发酵,过滤的滤液进入沉淀池内;
3)厌氧发酵池发酵后形成的肥料用于植物施肥;
4)进入沉淀池内的滤液进行沉淀,沉淀池内培育有水生植物、螺贝类和滤食性鱼类;沉淀池的上清水通过Ⅰ级过滤坝进入潜流湿地池,入潜流湿地池的上清水通过Ⅱ级过滤坝进入微生物净化池,微生物净化池内养殖水生植物、滤食性鱼类、藻类和微生物,微生物净化池通过Ⅲ级过滤坝进入蓄水池内,蓄水池上清水进入养殖池的进水系统,实现养殖尾水的循环。
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