CN113632750A - Feed feeding method for whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots - Google Patents
Feed feeding method for whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots Download PDFInfo
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- CN113632750A CN113632750A CN202110925135.9A CN202110925135A CN113632750A CN 113632750 A CN113632750 A CN 113632750A CN 202110925135 A CN202110925135 A CN 202110925135A CN 113632750 A CN113632750 A CN 113632750A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 241000269981 Bothidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 241000157468 Reinhardtius hippoglossoides Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000269908 Platichthys flesus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000146989 Engraulis japonicus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000269907 Pleuronectes platessa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241001454694 Clupeiformes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019513 anchovy Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000269821 Scombridae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020640 mackerel Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000512310 Scophthalmus maximus Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001660838 Ammodytes Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001596894 Ammodytes personatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004859 Gamochaeta purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269982 Paralichthys Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269978 Pleuronectiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000184734 Pyrus japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001417494 Sciaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269319 Squalius cephalus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001320 hippocampus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a feed feeding method for the whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots. Feeding the special compound feed for the turbot and the plaice fishes at 06:00 for the juvenile turbot with the average weight of 8.95 +/-0.13 g; feeding flounder commercial feed twice a day (7:30, 17:30) for the turbot juvenile fish with the initial average weight of 26.04 +/-0.97 g; stage one year: feeding iced fresh fish 5d, compound feed 1d and stopping feed 1d every week, wherein the iced fresh fish are Zoarcina Peltata and Douglas fish; the daily feeding amount of the iced fresh fish is 3 to 4 percent of the mass of the fish body, and the daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 1.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the fish body; in the second instar stage: feeding iced fresh fish 5d, mixed feed 1d and stopping feed 1d every week, wherein the iced fresh fish is Zoarcinoma, Carnis Pseudosciaenae and Engraulis japonicus; the daily feeding amount of the iced fresh fish is 3 to 4 percent of the mass of the fish body, and the daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 1.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the fish body. The invention can save the feed cost and increase the feed utilization rate. The turbot has high weight gain speed and good meat quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of turbot culture, in particular to a feed feeding method for the whole growth cycle of industrial turbot culture.
Background
Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), also known as turbot, belongs to the Paralichthys family (Pleuroecthymformes), is known to have delicious meat quality and rich nutrients such as collagen, and is characterized by rapid growth, easy domestication, strong acceptance of compound feed and suitability for high-density culture, and is rapidly developed into one of the most important economic fish species in the northern China since the introduction of Scophthalmus maximus into China in 1992 from the research institute of aquatic products in the yellow sea.
In the long-term evolution process of fishes, a certain ingestion activity rule, namely ingestion rhythm, is formed due to the periodic change of environmental factors such as illumination, temperature, baits and the like. The ingestion rhythm of fish is classified into a daily ingestion rhythm, a tidal ingestion rhythm, and an annual ingestion rhythm. Most fish and shrimp have significant diurnal variation in their feeding activity. The daily feeding rhythm of fish can be divided into 3 types: day, night and morning food intake. Researches show that the ingestion rhythm of the fish has obvious influence on the growth performance of the fish, and the synchronization of the daily ingestion activity of the fish with the growth and proliferation periods of most somatic cells is an important time biology strategy, so that the yield and the benefit of aquaculture can be obviously improved. If the feeding time is consistent with the feeding activity period of the breeding objects, the utilization rate of the feed can be improved. The feeding time is determined according to the ingestion rhythm of the fish, so that better growth, improved feed utilization rate and lower water quality pollution can be obtained.
However, at the present stage, a set of complete system automatic feeding strategy is not formed on the feeding strategy of turbot cultivation, and the accurate feeding requirement of cultivation enterprises cannot be met. The invention obtains the optimal feeding mode in the turbot cultivation by accurately regulating and controlling the feeding process of the turbot cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems, the method for feeding the feed for the whole growth cycle of industrial culture of the turbot is provided. The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a feed feeding method for the whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots,
the turbot is lazy in sex, weak in activity and slow in swimming, and is easy to frighten and free, so that the light is dark when feeding, and the noise is avoided. Observation shows that the phenomenon that a large amount of pellet feed is deposited at the bottom of the pond can occur when the feeding speed is too high and the feeding amount is too large, and most of the feed deposited at the bottom of the pond is covered by the flat body type of the scophthalmus maximus, so that the feed cannot be taken; the water depth of the turbot culture is usually within 0.5m, the sinking feed sinks to the bottom of the pond in a short time, and a large amount of fed particles can only be partially ingested. Therefore, in order to allow fish to ingest as much as possible of the entire feed that is being thrown, it becomes important to develop new feeding machines and to master the optimal feeding strategy.
Feeding the special compound feed for the turbot and the plaice fishes at 06:00 for the juvenile turbot with the average weight of 8.95 +/-0.13 g;
feeding the turbot flounder commercial feed twice a day (7:30, 17:30) aiming at the turbot juvenile fish with the average weight of 26.04 +/-0.97 g;
stage one year: feeding iced fresh fish 5d, compound feed 1d and stopping feed 1d every week, wherein the iced fresh fish are Zoarcina Peltata and Douglas fish; the daily feeding amount of the iced fresh fish is 3 to 4 percent of the mass of the fish body, and the daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 1.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the fish body;
in the second instar stage: feeding iced fresh fish 5d, mixed feed 1d and stopping feed 1d every week, wherein the iced fresh fish is Zoarcinoma, Carnis Pseudosciaenae and Engraulis japonicus; the daily feeding amount of the iced fresh fish is 3 to 4 percent of the mass of the fish body, and the daily feeding amount of the matched feed is 1.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the fish body.
Further, in the first stage, the eel and the chub were fed in a ratio of 1: 1.
further, in the second stage, the feeding ratio of the small eel, the small fillet and the anchovy is 1: 1: 2.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. can save the feed cost and increase the feed utilization rate.
2. The turbot has high weight gain speed and good meat quality.
Based on the reason, the invention can be widely popularized in the technical field of turbot culture.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more fully describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a feed feeding method for the whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots,
the special compound feed for the flatfish is fed aiming at the juvenile turbot with the average weight of 8.95 +/-0.13 g, and the compound feed is fed after being fed with full food. The main nutritional components of the compound feed (produced by everlasting Quanxing nutritional supplement Co., Ltd.) are water content of 6.60%, crude protein 52.85%, crude fat of 11.76%, and ash content of 12.49%.
In the experimental process, the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate of the juvenile turbot of the 06:00 feeding group reach the highest in 3 different time points of morning (06:00), noon (12:00) and evening (18:00), wherein the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate are respectively 97.23% and 1.94%/d and are respectively obviously higher than those of the 12:00 feeding group and the 18:00 feeding group (P <0.05), and the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate of the 12:00 feeding group are also obviously higher than those of the 18:00 feeding group (P < 0.05).
Feeding flounder commercial feed twice a day (7:30, 17:30) for the turbot juvenile fish with the average weight of 26.04 +/-0.97 g; in this embodiment, the feed is a domestic commercial feed for flounder (flounder No. 5 compound feed, produced by fuzhou hippocampus feed limited), and contains the following main nutritional ingredients: 11% of water, 46% of crude protein, 10% of crude fat and 15% of crude ash. The effect of feeding frequency on the relative rate of weight gain and apparent digestibility of juvenile turbot over a forty-day experimental period is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of feeding frequency on the relative rate of weight gain and apparent digestibility of Scophthalmus maximus larvae
Different capital letters indicate significant differences between feeding frequency groups (P < 0.05). Mean. + -. standard deviation of
Stage one year: feeding chilled fish 5d, compound feed 1d, and stopping feed 1d every week, wherein the fed chilled fish is Zoarcinoma (Endriasfangi) and ammodytes (Ammodytespersonatus); the daily feeding amount of the iced fresh fish is 3 to 4 percent of the mass of the fish body, and the daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 1.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the fish body;
in the second instar stage: feeding chilled fish 5d, mixed feed 1d, and stopping feeding 1d every week, wherein the chilled fish is Zoarcina Peltata, ammodytes Persiccus, and Engraulis japonicus (Ehgaulis japonica); the daily feeding amount of the iced fresh fish is 3 to 4 percent of the mass of the fish body, and the daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 1.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the fish body.
The feeding proportion of the Zoarciform eel and the bowled croaker in the first age stage is 1: 1.
in the second-instar stage, the feeding proportion of the Zoarcinoma cell fish, the soft fish and the anchovy is 1: 1: 2.
the evaluation of the content of the general nutrient components and the nutrient value of the essential amino acids of the turbot is shown in tables 2 and 3.
General nutrient components of 21-year and 2-year scophthalmus maximus
Note: the protein, fat and ash contents are dry mass, and the moisture content is wet mass.
Evaluation of nutritional value of essential amino acids of turbot of 31-year and 2-year of surface
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A feed feeding method for the whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots, which is characterized in that,
feeding the special compound feed for the turbot and the plaice fishes at 06:00 for the juvenile turbot with the average weight of 8.95 +/-0.13 g;
feeding flounder commercial feed twice a day, specifically 7:30 and 17:30, aiming at the juvenile turbot with the average weight of 26.04 +/-0.97 g;
stage one year: feeding iced fresh fish 5d, compound feed 1d and stopping feed 1d every week, wherein the iced fresh fish are Zoarcina Peltata and Douglas fish; the daily feeding amount of the iced fresh fish is 3 to 4 percent of the mass of the fish body, and the daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 1.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the fish body;
in the second instar stage: feeding iced fresh fish 5d, mixed feed 1d and stopping feed 1d every week, wherein the iced fresh fish is Zoarcinoma, Carnis Pseudosciaenae and Engraulis japonicus; the daily feeding amount of the iced fresh fish is 3 to 4 percent of the mass of the fish body, and the daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 1.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the fish body.
2. A method of feeding a feed for industrial aquaculture of turbot for a full growth cycle in accordance with claim 1, wherein said stage of one year old, young fishes of fishes belonging to the genus pelecypus and young fishes are fed in a ratio of 1: 1.
3. the method for feeding a feed for industrial aquaculture of turbot through a whole growth cycle according to claim 1, wherein said two-year-old stage comprises feeding said eel, said mackerel and said anchovy in a ratio of 1: 1: 2.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110925135.9A CN113632750A (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2021-08-12 | Feed feeding method for whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots |
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| CN202110925135.9A CN113632750A (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2021-08-12 | Feed feeding method for whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots |
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| CN113632750A true CN113632750A (en) | 2021-11-12 |
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| CN202110925135.9A Pending CN113632750A (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2021-08-12 | Feed feeding method for whole growth cycle of industrial culture of turbots |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101695286A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Juvenile turbot culturing and feeding method |
| CN104206338A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-17 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | Artificial culture method for bastard halibuts |
| CN106509491A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-22 | 广东联淏集团有限公司 | Compound feed for scophthalmus maximus and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-08-12 CN CN202110925135.9A patent/CN113632750A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101695286A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Juvenile turbot culturing and feeding method |
| CN104206338A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-17 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | Artificial culture method for bastard halibuts |
| CN106509491A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-22 | 广东联淏集团有限公司 | Compound feed for scophthalmus maximus and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 李滑滑等: "摄食水平和投喂频率对大菱鲆幼鱼生长及生化成分的影响", 《生态学杂志》 * |
| 王艺超等: "投喂时间影响大菱鲆幼鱼的生长及类胰岛素样生长因子——Ⅰ基因的表达", 《动物营养学报》 * |
| 田甲申等: "工厂化养殖大菱鲆饵料贡献率研究及营养评价", 《水产科学》 * |
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Application publication date: 20211112 |