CN113627654B - Urban ecological corridor construction method and device based on fitness and connectivity - Google Patents

Urban ecological corridor construction method and device based on fitness and connectivity Download PDF

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CN113627654B
CN113627654B CN202110805129.XA CN202110805129A CN113627654B CN 113627654 B CN113627654 B CN 113627654B CN 202110805129 A CN202110805129 A CN 202110805129A CN 113627654 B CN113627654 B CN 113627654B
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张浪
仲启铖
张桂莲
张瑞
凌芝
王云才
邢璐琪
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Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning
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Abstract

The application relates to a city ecological corridor construction method and device based on suitability and connectivity. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining city geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in a city area to be planned, and land utilization types and plaque areas corresponding to each landscape plaque; determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system; determining candidate urban ecological galleries according to land utilization types corresponding to all landscape plagues, plaque areas corresponding to all landscape plagues, urban geographic information corresponding to all landscape units and a preset urban ecological gallery planning strategy; and determining a candidate urban ecological corridor meeting a preset suitability condition according to the suitability degree corresponding to each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes, and taking the candidate urban ecological corridor as a target urban ecological corridor. By adopting the method and the device, the construction of the urban ecological corridor can be realized.

Description

Urban ecological corridor construction method and device based on fitness and connectivity
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of urban ecological planning and construction, in particular to a method and a device for constructing an urban ecological corridor based on suitability and connectivity.
Background
At present, the acceleration of the urban process continuously damages the biological habitat, and the landscape crushing of the biological habitat is aggravated. Along with the urban process of China entering a new historical period, how to reasonably protect and utilize ecological space in a region with scarce land resources, meet the multi-element ecological and humane demands of urban citizens, and realize the sustainable development of the toughness of the cities becomes a new challenge. Whereby an urban ecological corridor is created.
The urban ecological corridor mainly refers to a banded or linear ecological space set with certain width and connectivity, wherein the banded or linear ecological space set is formed by green lands, woodlands, grasslands, wetlands, water areas, garden lands, cultivated lands and other land spaces with remarkable ecological functions in an urban area. The urban ecological corridor not only can provide habitat and migration channels for wild animals and plants in the city, but also can play ecological functions of conserving water sources, regulating microclimate, retaining pollutants and the like, and provide high-quality and continuous leisure and recreation space for urban residents. Therefore, there is a need for a city ecological corridor construction method based on fitness and connectivity.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a method and a device for constructing an urban ecological corridor based on suitability and connectivity.
In a first aspect, there is provided a method for constructing an urban ecological corridor based on suitability and connectivity, the method comprising:
obtaining city geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in a city area to be planned, and land utilization types and plaque areas corresponding to each landscape plaque;
determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system;
determining candidate urban ecological galleries according to land utilization types corresponding to all landscape plagues, plaque areas corresponding to all landscape plagues, urban geographic information corresponding to all landscape units and a preset urban ecological gallery planning strategy;
and determining a candidate urban ecological corridor meeting a preset suitability condition according to the suitability degree corresponding to each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes, and taking the candidate urban ecological corridor as a target urban ecological corridor.
As an optional implementation manner, the suitability evaluation system comprises influence factors and weights corresponding to the influence factors, each influence factor comprises an index factor and a weight corresponding to the index factor, and each index factor comprises a corresponding relation between index factor grading and suitability; determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system, wherein the determining comprises the following steps:
Inquiring the suitability of each landscape unit in the index factors according to the corresponding urban geographic information of the landscape unit and the corresponding relationship between the index factor classification and the suitability of each index factor;
for each influence factor, determining the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor according to the weight corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor;
and determining the suitability of the landscape unit according to the weight corresponding to each influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor.
As an optional implementation manner, the urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape unit at least comprises one or more of population density, distance from residential points, distance from a boundary of a building area, ground slope, distance from a water body, land utilization type, vegetation coverage, distance from a large habitat patch and distance from one or two ecological red lines;
the influence factors at least comprise one or more of human influence factors, physical influence factors and biological influence factors, wherein the human influence factors at least comprise one or more of population density index factors, distance index factors from residential points and distance index factors from boundaries of a building area, the physical influence factors at least comprise one or more of ground slope index factors, distance index factors from water bodies and land utilization type index factors, and the biological influence factors at least comprise one or more of vegetation coverage index factors, distance index factors from large habitat patches and distance index factors from one or more ecological red lines.
As an optional implementation manner, the determining, according to the suitability of each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes, the candidate urban ecological corridor that meets the preset suitability condition as the target urban ecological corridor includes:
according to the suitability of each landscape unit, determining the ratio of the number of landscape units with the suitability as the target suitability to the total number of landscape units passing through in the landscape units passing through the candidate urban ecological corridor;
and if the ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold, determining the candidate urban ecological corridor as a target urban ecological corridor.
As an optional implementation manner, the determining the candidate urban ecological corridor according to the land utilization type corresponding to each landscape patch, the patch area corresponding to each landscape patch, the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and the preset urban ecological corridor planning strategy includes:
in each landscape patch, determining the land use type as a target land use type, and determining the landscape patch with the patch area larger than or equal to a preset first patch area threshold as a candidate ecological source land;
Determining a connectivity importance index corresponding to the candidate ecological source land according to a preset connectivity algorithm, and determining the candidate ecological source land with the connectivity importance index being greater than or equal to a preset connectivity importance index threshold and the plaque area being greater than or equal to a preset second plaque area threshold as a target ecological source land;
determining a resistance value corresponding to each landscape unit according to urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset resistance surface evaluation system;
determining an urban ecological corridor between any two target ecological origins according to a preset minimum accumulated resistance model based on resistance values corresponding to the landscape units;
according to a preset gravity model, determining the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground in the urban ecological corridor, and determining the urban ecological corridor with the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground being greater than or equal to a preset interaction force threshold as a candidate urban ecological corridor.
As an optional implementation manner, the formula corresponding to the connectivity algorithm is:
therein, dPC i Representing the connection degree importance index corresponding to the ith candidate ecological source, PC represents the connection degree importance index corresponding to all candidate ecological sources, PC remove,i Indicating removal of the ith candidate ecologyThe connection degree importance indexes corresponding to all other candidate ecological source places after the source place, i represents the ith candidate ecological source place, j represents the jth candidate ecological source place, n represents the total number of the candidate ecological source places, A represents the total area of the urban area to be planned, and a i Represents the plaque area corresponding to the ith candidate ecological origin, a j Represents the plaque area and p corresponding to the j candidate ecological source * ij Representing the greatest likelihood of species spreading between the ith candidate ecological source and the jth candidate ecological source.
As an alternative embodiment, the resistance surface evaluation system comprises resistance factors and weights of the resistance factors, each resistance factor comprising a correspondence of a resistance factor class and a resistance value, the resistance factors comprising a land use type and a distance from a boundary of a building area.
As an alternative embodiment, the minimum cumulative resistance model MCR is:
wherein i represents the ith landscape unit, j represents the jth target ecological source land, m represents the total number of landscape units, n represents the total number of target ecological source lands, D ij Representing the spatial distance between the jth target ecological source and the ith landscape unit, R i And f represents the positive correlation of the minimum accumulated resistance and the ecological process.
As an alternative embodiment, the gravity model corresponds to the formula:
wherein G is ij Representing the interaction force between the ith target ecological source and the jth target ecological source, N i Weight value representing ith target ecological source and N j The weight value of the j-th target ecological source and the D ij Representing standard resistance value, P, of urban ecological corridor between ith target ecological source and jth target ecological source i Represents the resistance value, P, of the ith target ecological origin j Represents the resistance value of the jth target ecological source land, S i Represents the plaque area of the ith target ecological origin, S j Represents the plaque area of the jth target ecological source land, L ij Representing the accumulated resistance value, L, of the urban ecological corridor between the ith target ecological source and the jth target ecological source max Representing the maximum cumulative resistance value in each urban ecological corridor.
In a second aspect, there is provided an urban ecological corridor building apparatus based on fitness and connectivity, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in the urban area to be planned, and land utilization types and plaque areas corresponding to each landscape plaque;
The first determining module is used for determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system;
the second determining module is used for determining candidate urban ecological galleries according to land utilization types corresponding to the landscape patches, patch areas corresponding to the landscape patches, urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape units and a preset urban ecological gallery planning strategy;
and the third determining module is used for determining the candidate urban ecological corridor meeting the preset suitability condition according to the suitability degree corresponding to each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes, and taking the candidate urban ecological corridor as the target urban ecological corridor.
As an optional implementation manner, the suitability evaluation system comprises influence factors and weights corresponding to the influence factors, each influence factor comprises an index factor and a weight corresponding to the index factor, and each index factor comprises a corresponding relation between index factor grading and suitability; the first determining module is specifically configured to:
inquiring the suitability of each landscape unit in the index factors according to the corresponding urban geographic information of the landscape unit and the corresponding relationship between the index factor classification and the suitability of each index factor;
For each influence factor, determining the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor according to the weight corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor;
and determining the suitability of the landscape unit according to the weight corresponding to each influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor.
As an optional implementation manner, the urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape unit at least comprises one or more of population density, distance from residential points, distance from a boundary of a building area, ground slope, distance from a water body, land utilization type, vegetation coverage, distance from a large habitat patch and distance from one or two ecological red lines;
the influence factors at least comprise one or more of human influence factors, physical influence factors and biological influence factors, wherein the human influence factors at least comprise one or more of population density index factors, distance index factors from residential points and distance index factors from boundaries of a building area, the physical influence factors at least comprise one or more of ground slope index factors, distance index factors from water bodies and land utilization type index factors, and the biological influence factors at least comprise one or more of vegetation coverage index factors, distance index factors from large habitat patches and distance index factors from one or more ecological red lines.
As an alternative embodiment, the third determining module is specifically configured to:
according to the suitability of each landscape unit, determining the ratio of the number of landscape units with the suitability as the target suitability to the total number of landscape units passing through in the landscape units passing through the candidate urban ecological corridor;
and if the ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold, determining the candidate urban ecological corridor as a target urban ecological corridor.
As an alternative embodiment, the second determining module is specifically configured to:
in each landscape patch, determining the land use type as a target land use type, and determining the landscape patch with the patch area larger than or equal to a preset first patch area threshold as a candidate ecological source land;
determining a connectivity importance index corresponding to the candidate ecological source land according to a preset connectivity algorithm, and determining the candidate ecological source land with the connectivity importance index being greater than or equal to a preset connectivity importance index threshold and the plaque area being greater than or equal to a preset second plaque area threshold as a target ecological source land;
determining a resistance value corresponding to each landscape unit according to urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset resistance surface evaluation system;
Determining an urban ecological corridor between any two target ecological origins according to a preset minimum accumulated resistance model based on resistance values corresponding to the landscape units;
according to a preset gravity model, determining the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground in the urban ecological corridor, and determining the urban ecological corridor with the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground being greater than or equal to a preset interaction force threshold as a candidate urban ecological corridor.
As an alternative embodiment, the resistance surface evaluation system comprises resistance factors and weights of the resistance factors, each resistance factor comprising a correspondence of a resistance factor class and a resistance value, the resistance factors comprising a land use type and a distance from a boundary of a building area.
In a third aspect, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method steps according to the first aspect when the computer program is executed.
In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method steps according to the first aspect.
The application provides a city ecological corridor construction method and device based on suitability and connectivity. The method comprises the following steps: the computer equipment acquires city geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in a city area to be planned, and land utilization types and plaque areas corresponding to each landscape plaque. Then, the computer equipment determines the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system, and determines candidate urban ecological galleries according to the land utilization types corresponding to each landscape patch, the patch areas corresponding to each landscape patch, the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset urban ecological gallery planning strategy. And finally, the computer equipment determines the candidate urban ecological corridor which meets the preset suitability condition according to the suitability degree corresponding to each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes, and takes the candidate urban ecological corridor as the target urban ecological corridor. Thus, the construction of the urban ecological corridor based on the suitability and the connectivity is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a city ecological corridor construction method based on fitness and connectivity provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a city ecological corridor construction method based on fitness and connectivity provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a city ecological corridor construction method based on fitness and connectivity provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a graph showing a suitability of human influence factors of a city ecological corridor in Shanghai city, provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a graph showing a fitness distribution diagram of physical influence factors of urban ecological galleries in Shanghai city, provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing a suitability of biological influence factors of urban ecological galleries in Shanghai city areas provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a diagram showing a suitability profile of an urban ecological corridor in a Shanghai city, according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a diagram of urban ecological corridor distribution in Shanghai city, which is provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a diagram of an ecological corridor distribution of an Shanghai voxian region candidate city provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a diagram of a target city ecological corridor distribution in an Shanghai voxian area provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
The city ecological corridor construction method based on the fitness and connectivity provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 101, obtaining city geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in a city area to be planned, and land utilization types and plaque areas corresponding to each landscape plaque.
In the implementation, before planning an urban ecological corridor, technicians can collect and prepare land utilization data, social economic information, natural geographic information, urban overall planning, urban functional partitions, ecological red lines, biological diversity key protection area distribution diagrams, water and soil environment quality and other layer data of an urban area to be planned, and develop remote sensing interpretation of vegetation coverage, vegetation index diagrams, habitat fragmentation distribution diagrams and other related layer data, so as to establish an urban geographic information database. Then, when planning the urban ecological corridor, the computer equipment can acquire urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in the urban area to be planned, land utilization type and plaque area corresponding to each landscape plaque from the urban geographic information database.
Step 102, determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system.
In practice, technicians may also build fitness evaluation systems prior to the construction of the urban ecological corridor. The suitability evaluation system will be described in detail later, and will not be described here again. After the computer equipment acquires the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit, the suitability of each landscape unit can be further determined according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system. The processing procedure of determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the city geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and the preset suitability evaluation system by the computer equipment will be described in detail later, and will not be described here again.
And step 103, determining candidate urban ecological galleries according to land utilization types corresponding to the landscape plagues, plaque areas corresponding to the landscape plagues, urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape units and a preset urban ecological gallery planning strategy.
In implementation, the computer device may determine the candidate urban ecological corridor according to the land utilization type corresponding to each landscape patch, the patch area corresponding to each landscape patch, the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit, and the preset urban ecological corridor planning policy, and detailed description will be made later in the specific processing procedure, which will not be repeated here.
And 104, determining a candidate urban ecological corridor which meets the preset suitability condition according to the suitability degree corresponding to each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes, and taking the candidate urban ecological corridor as a target urban ecological corridor.
In implementation, after the computer equipment obtains the candidate urban ecological corridor, the candidate urban ecological corridor meeting the preset suitability condition can be determined as the target urban ecological corridor according to the suitability degree corresponding to each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes. The computer equipment determines candidate urban ecological galleries meeting preset suitability conditions, and can be various as target urban ecological galleries, and the embodiment of the application provides a feasible implementation mode; and if the ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold, determining the candidate urban ecological corridor as a target urban ecological corridor.
As an alternative embodiment, the suitability evaluation system includes influence factors and weights corresponding to the influence factors, each influence factor includes an index factor and a weight corresponding to the index factor, and each index factor includes a correspondence between index factor classification and suitability. As shown in fig. 2, the computer device determines the suitability of each landscape unit according to the city geographic information and the preset suitability evaluation system corresponding to each landscape unit as follows:
Step 201, for each landscape unit in each landscape unit, inquiring the suitability of the landscape unit corresponding to each index factor according to the corresponding urban geographic information of the landscape unit and the corresponding relationship between the index factor classification and the suitability of each index factor.
Step 202, for each influence factor, determining the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor according to the weight corresponding to each index factor included in the influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit in each index factor included in the influence factor.
And 203, determining the suitability of the landscape unit according to the weight corresponding to each influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor.
In implementation, based on the suitability evaluation system, the computer device may query, for each of the landscape units, the suitability of the landscape unit in each index factor according to the city geographic information corresponding to the landscape unit and the correspondence between the index factor classification and the suitability included in each index factor. Then, for each influence factor, the computer device determines the suitability of the landscape element in the influence factor according to the weight corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor and the suitability of the landscape element corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor. And then, the computer determines the suitability of the landscape unit according to the weight corresponding to each influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factors.
As an optional implementation manner, the urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape unit at least comprises one or more of population density, distance from residential points, distance from a border of a built-up area, ground gradient, distance from water body, land utilization type, vegetation coverage, distance from a large habitat patch and distance from one-class and two-class ecological red lines. The influence factors at least comprise one or more of human influence factors, physical influence factors and biological influence factors, the human influence factors at least comprise one or more of population density index factors, distance index factors from residential points and distance index factors from boundaries of a building area, the physical influence factors at least comprise one or more of ground slope index factors, distance index factors from water bodies and land utilization type index factors, and the biological influence factors at least comprise one or more of vegetation coverage index factors, distance index factors from large habitat patches and distance index factors from one or two ecological red lines.
In the implementation, as shown in the first table, a suitability evaluation system is constructed by integrating three aspects of human influence factors, physical influence factors and biological influence factors on the basis of the principles of scientificity, feasibility, multiple, pertinence and conciseness. The human influence factors are 3 index factors selected from population density, distance from residential points and distance from the boundary of the building area; the physical influence factors are 3 index factors of ground gradient, distance from the water body and land utilization type; the biological influence factors select vegetation coverage, distance from large ecological patches and 3 index factors from first class ecological red lines.
The suitability of an urban ecological corridor is influenced by the population of urban residents and their distribution locations, and in general, the suitability of human activities for an urban ecological corridor is negatively influenced. Wherein, the lower population density, the higher fitness. Population density includes 4 index factor classifications: the fitness is 5, 4, 3 and 1 respectively for 0-500 person/km 2, 500-800 person/km 2, 800-1200 person/km 2 and 1200 person/km 2. Buffer analysis is performed by using GIS (Geographic Information System ) software from the distance between the buffer and the residential points, and the suitability is higher as the distance between the buffer and the residential points is longer. The distance from the residents comprises 3 index factor grades: 100m, 400m and greater than 400m, the fitness is 1, 3 and 5, respectively. The buffer area analysis is carried out by utilizing a GIS software distance tool from the boundary of the building area, and the longer the distance from the boundary of the building area is, the higher the suitability is. The distance from the border of the building area comprises 5 index factor grades: 500m, 1000m, 1500m, 2000m and greater than 2000m, with fitness levels of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively.
The suitability of the urban ecological corridor is also affected by the physical environment. Wherein, the larger the ground gradient, the lower the suitability. The ground gradient includes 5 index factor classifications: 0-5%, 5-10%, 10-15%, 15-25% and 25% or more, the fitness is 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The farther from the body of water, the lower the fitness. The distance from the water body comprises 5 index factor grades: 50m, 100m, 300m, 800m and greater than 800m, with fitness levels of 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1, respectively. The larger the land development and utilization intensity is, the worse the habitat quality is, and the lower the suitability is. Land use type includes 5 index factor classifications: the suitability of woodland and garden land, wetland (water area), other unused land, cultivated land and construction land is 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1, respectively.
The fitness of the urban ecological corridor is also influenced by the living beings. The vegetation coverage reflects the ratio of the vertical projection area of vegetation (including forests, bushes, grasslands and crops) on the ground to the total area of a statistical area, and is quantified by using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, normalized vegetation index) (range 0-1), and the higher the coverage, the higher the suitability. Vegetation coverage includes 5 index factor classifications: 0 to 0.2, 0.2 to 0.4, 0.4 to 0.6, 0.6 to 0.8 and 0.8 to 1, the fitness is 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. The distance from the large habitat patch is analyzed by using a GIS software distance tool, and the longer the distance from the large habitat patch is, the lower the suitability is. The plaque distance from the macro habitat includes 5 index factor rankings: 200m, 400m, 800m, 1000m and more than 1000m, the fitness is 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The distances from the first and second ecological red lines are analyzed by a GIS software distance tool through a buffer area, and the suitability is lower as the distances from the first and second ecological red lines are longer. The farther the distance from the first class ecological red line, the more the 3 index factor grades are included: 1000m, 3000m and more than 3000m, the fitness is 5, 3 and 1 respectively.
List one
As shown in table two, the weights of the influence factors and the index factors in the suitability evaluation system are determined by using an analytic hierarchy process in combination with a delta film process. The specific operation flow is to construct a hierarchical structure model; constructing a judgment matrix according to the relative importance judgment result of the index factor pairwise comparison; calculating to obtain the weight of the index factor; and (5) consistency inspection.
The analytic hierarchy process is combined with the Delphi method to conduct investigation in a questionnaire form, 30 professionals, professors and students are invited to score according to an importance judgment matrix scale table, influence factors and index factor judgment matrixes of a suitability evaluation system are established by analyzing the relative importance degrees of 9 index factors, and weights of different influence factors and index factors are obtained through calculation.
Watch II
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the computer device determines the candidate urban ecological corridor according to the land utilization type corresponding to each landscape patch, the patch area corresponding to each landscape patch, the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and the preset urban ecological corridor planning strategy, and the processing procedure is as follows:
in step 301, in each landscape patch, determining a landscape patch with a land use type being a target land use type and a patch area being greater than or equal to a preset first patch area threshold as a candidate ecological source land.
In an implementation, the computer device extracts all landscape patches using land utilization data of the urban area to be planned. The computer device then treats the landscape patches of the land use type that is the target land use type (such as woodland and garden land) as candidate landscape patches. And then, the computer equipment can utilize GIS software to carry out aggregation treatment and layer merging on the candidate landscape patches with smaller areas in the distribution set. Finally, the computer device selects a plaque area from the candidate landscape plaque that is greater than or equal to a preset first plaque area threshold (e.g., 1hm 2 ) As a candidate ecological source.
Step 302, determining a connectivity importance index corresponding to the candidate ecological source land according to a preset connectivity algorithm, and determining the candidate ecological source land with the connectivity importance index being greater than or equal to a preset connectivity importance index threshold and the plaque area being greater than or equal to a preset second plaque area threshold as a target ecological source land.
In implementation, the identification of ecological origin is taken as a primary link for constructing an urban ecological corridor, and the accuracy is extremely important. The landscape patch with high connectivity importance index can realize its ecological functions more efficiently. Therefore, the connectivity importance index of the landscape patch is one of key indexes for evaluating the importance degree of the landscape patch. The greater the connectivity importance index of a landscape patch, the greater the contribution of that landscape patch to maintaining the overall connectivity level of the landscape of the urban area to be planned, the more important that landscape patch. The smaller the connectivity importance index of a landscape patch, the lower the contribution of that landscape patch to maintaining the overall connectivity level of the landscape of the urban area to be planned, and the less important that landscape patch. The calculation of the connectivity importance index is based on GIS software. The Conefor inputs.10x plug-in extracts urban area connection data to be planned, and introduces the generated node file and distance file into software Conefor2.6 to perform landscape patch connectivity calculation to obtain the connection degree importance index of each landscape patch.
Optionally, the formula corresponding to the connectivity algorithm is:
therein, dPC i Representing the connection degree importance index corresponding to the ith candidate ecological source, PC represents the connection degree importance index corresponding to all candidate ecological sources, PC remove,i Indicating the connection degree importance index corresponding to all other candidate ecological source lands except the ith candidate ecological source land, i indicating the ith candidate ecological source land, j indicating the jth candidate ecological source land, n indicating the total number of candidate ecological source lands, A indicating the total area of the urban area to be planned, a i Represents the plaque area corresponding to the ith candidate ecological origin, a j Represents the plaque area and p corresponding to the j candidate ecological source * ij Representing the greatest likelihood of species spreading between the ith candidate ecological source and the jth candidate ecological source.
As shown in table three, the computer equipment selects plaque area and connectivity importance index as screening indexes of the target ecological source land, and establishes an ecological source land importance evaluation system. Then, based on the importance evaluation system of the ecological source land, the computer selects a candidate ecological source land with a certain area scale (namely, the plaque area is larger than or equal to a preset second plaque area threshold value), and simultaneously has important significance (namely, the connectivity importance index is larger than or equal to a preset connectivity importance index threshold value) for maintaining the landscape integrity of the urban area to be planned, solving the problem of landscape fragmentation and integrating regional ecological resources, so that the candidate ecological source land can exert the maximum ecological benefit.
Watch III
Importance of dPC≥0.2 0.2≥dPC≥0.02 dPC≤0.02
S≥30hm 2 Is of great importance Important is Medium importance
30hm 2 ≥S≥10hm 2 Important is Medium importance Is of general importance
10hm 2 ≥S≥1hm 2 Medium importance Is of general importance Less important
Step 303, determining the resistance value corresponding to each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset resistance surface evaluation system.
In practice, a technician may build a resistance surface evaluation system prior to planning the urban ecological corridor. After the computer equipment acquires the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit, the resistance value corresponding to each landscape unit can be further determined according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset resistance surface evaluation system.
Optionally, the resistance surface evaluation system includes resistance factors and weights for the resistance factors, each resistance factor including a correspondence of a resistance factor classification to a resistance value. Wherein the resistance factor includes land use type and distance from the boundary of the building area.
In implementation, the establishment of a resistance surface evaluation system is a key link for planning the urban ecological corridor, and the selection of different resistance factors and resistance values has great influence on the extraction process of the urban ecological corridor. As shown in table four, in the embodiment of the present application, according to the actual situation of the urban area, two resistance factors, namely, the land utilization type and the distance from the building area, are selected to construct a resistance surface evaluation system. Meanwhile, the resistance value is set between 1 and 50. Land use types include 6 resistance factor classifications: construction land (including other construction land, town land, rural residential land and industrial storage land), transportation land, cultivated land, other unused land, wetland (water area) and woodland and garden land, the resistance values are 50, 40, 30, 20, 10 and 1, respectively. The distance from the collection area comprises 5 resistance factor classifications: 0-500m, 500-1000m, 1000-1500m, 1500-2000m and more than or equal to 2000m, the resistance values are 50, 40, 30, 20 and 1 respectively.
Table four
Step 304, determining an urban ecological corridor between any two target ecological origins according to a preset minimum accumulated resistance model based on the resistance values corresponding to the landscape units.
In the implementation, after the computer equipment obtains the resistance value corresponding to each landscape unit, the urban ecological corridor between any two target ecological sources can be determined according to the preset minimum accumulated resistance model.
As an alternative embodiment, the minimum cumulative resistance model MCR (Minimum Cumulative Resistance) is:
wherein i represents the ith landscape unit, j represents the jth target ecological source land, m represents the total number of landscape units, n represents the total number of target ecological source lands, D ij Representing the spatial distance between the jth target ecological source and the ith landscape unit, R i And f represents the positive correlation of the minimum accumulated resistance and the ecological process.
Step 305, determining the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground in the urban ecological corridor according to the preset gravity model, and determining the urban ecological corridor with the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground being greater than or equal to the preset interaction force threshold as the candidate urban ecological corridor.
In practice, in planning urban ecological galleries, the urban ecological galleries are relatively redundant due to preliminary generation. Therefore, it is necessary to judge the relative importance of the urban ecological corridor. Based on the accumulated resistance values of the target ecological origins obtained in the step 303 and the step 304, the interaction force between every two target ecological origins is calculated by adopting a gravity model, and then the importance degree of the urban ecological corridor is judged. In general, the greater the interaction force between every two target ecological sources, the greater the connection degree of the urban ecological corridor, the greater the possibility of species migration and diffusion, and the more important the urban ecological corridor. Based on the above, after the computer equipment obtains the urban ecological corridor, the interaction force between the target ecological source and the ground in the urban ecological corridor can be further determined according to the preset gravity model. Optionally, the formula corresponding to the gravity model is:
wherein G is ij Representing the interaction force between the ith target ecological source and the jth target ecological source, N i Weight value representing ith target ecological source and N j The weight value of the j-th target ecological source and the D ij Representing standard resistance value, P, of urban ecological corridor between ith target ecological source and jth target ecological source i Represents the resistance value, P, of the ith target ecological origin j Represents the resistance value of the jth target ecological source land, S i Represents the plaque area of the ith target ecological origin, S j Represents the plaque area of the jth target ecological source land, L ij Representing the accumulated resistance value, L, of the urban ecological corridor between the ith target ecological source and the jth target ecological source max Representing the maximum cumulative resistance value in each urban ecological corridor.
In implementation, after determining the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground in the urban ecological corridor, the computer equipment can determine the urban ecological corridor with the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground being greater than or equal to a preset interaction force threshold as a candidate urban ecological corridor.
The embodiment of the application provides a planning example of an urban ecological corridor, and the example is introduced by taking urban ecological corridor planning in Shanghai e sagitta region as an example. The Shanghai voxian region is positioned at the south end of Shanghai city, the north shore of Hangzhou Bay region is between 121 DEG 21 'and 121 DEG 46', and the north latitude is between 30 DEG 47 'and 31 DEG 01', which is an important component of urban and rural space of the suburban area of Shanghai city, belongs to the development new region of Shanghai city, and is the only city auxiliary center of the urban south area.
A technician collects and prepares space data such as land utilization type vector data, forest land vector data, city development boundary vector data, ecological red line vector data, digital elevation data (Dem data), NDVI index and the like of a Shanghai municipal sagitta region; and related planning, reporting and statistical data such as forest resource dynamic monitoring reports, wetland resource investigation reports, environmental condition gazettes, land utilization overall planning (2017-2035), voxian district biodiversity protection planning, voxian district statistics annual inspection and the like are established to establish a city geographic information database.
And the computer equipment reclassifies population density raster data of the Shanghai voxian region, raster data of the distance from the boundary of the collection region and raster data of the distance from the residential point after rasterizing relevant vector data by utilizing GIS software according to a suitability evaluation system, so that the suitability of the 3 index factors is respectively obtained. Then, the computer equipment obtains a human influence factor fitness distribution map of the urban ecological corridor of the Shanghai dedicated and dedicated area through weighted superposition calculation, as shown in fig. 4. And the computer equipment reclassifies land utilization type raster data, ground gradient raster data and distance raster data from the water body in the Shanghai dedicated field by utilizing GIS software according to a suitability evaluation system, so as to respectively obtain the suitability of the 3 index factors. Then, the computer equipment obtains a suitability distribution map of the physical environment influence factors of the urban ecological corridor in the Shanghai dedicated area through weighted superposition calculation, as shown in fig. 5. And the computer equipment reclassifies the NDVI raster data of the Shanghai voxian region, the plaque distance raster data from the large habitat and the second class ecological red line distance raster data from the first class ecological red line according to a suitability evaluation system by utilizing GIS software to respectively obtain the suitability of the 3 index factors. And then, the computer equipment obtains a suitability distribution map of biological influence factors of the urban ecological corridor in the Shanghai dedicated region through weighted superposition calculation. As shown in fig. 6. The computer equipment obtains a city ecological corridor suitability distribution map of the Shanghai voxian area by carrying out weighted superposition calculation on each influence factor by using GIS software according to a suitability evaluation system, as shown in figure 7. Wherein, the area of the area with higher planning suitability of the urban ecological corridor in the Shanghai voxian area is about 316.45 square kilometers, and the area of the area is 43.15 percent of the whole area; the area of the less suitable area is about 219.83 square kilometers and accounts for 29.97 percent of the whole area; the medium suitable area is about 197.11 square kilometers and is 26.88% of the total area.
The computer equipment extracts all land landscape patches and land landscape patches of which the land utilization types are forest land and garden land types from land utilization data of the voxian area of Shanghai city. Then the computer equipment utilizes GIS software to carry out polymerization treatment on the small woodland landscape patches and the garden land landscape patches which are concentrated in distribution, carries out graph layer combination on the garden land landscape patches and the woodland landscape patches, and screens out the area of 1hm 2 The above woodland landscape patches and garden land landscape patches are used as candidate ecological source lands. And then, the computer equipment determines a connectivity importance index corresponding to the candidate ecological source land according to a preset connectivity importance index algorithm, and determines the candidate ecological source land with the connectivity importance index being greater than or equal to a preset connectivity importance index threshold (0.02) and the plaque area being greater than or equal to a preset second plaque area threshold (10 hm < 2 >) as a target ecological source land. As shown in Table five, the Shanghai city is a candidate ecological source land for the sagitta region.
TABLE five
Sequence number Landscape plaque Jurisdictional region Area (m) 2 ) dPC
1 1 Green village and town 1917512 33.52
2 180 Village and town, feng Tong 3946222 49.24
3 194 Modern agricultural park 3476619 14.46
4 196 Jin Huizhen 1421758 2.14
5 199 Fengshen town 559657 1.36
6 201 Fengshen town 452506 1.02
7 204 Western-style street 732601 2.24
8 205 South bridge town 1065034 3.92
9 267 Bay town 928904 0.78
10 268 Western-style street 413553 0.21
11 272 Green village and town 664544 3.83
12 58 Zhuang Hangzhen 219581 0.19
13 210 Four-ball ballast 175680 0.03
14 161 Chemical region, cudrania tricuspidata Lin Zhen 660115 0.65
15 77 Bay town 9006396 27.82
And the computer equipment reclassifies land utilization type data and distance data from the integrated area of the Shanghai voxian area by utilizing GIS software according to a resistance surface evaluation system, and obtains a resistance distribution diagram (resistance value of each landscape unit) of the urban ecological corridor of the Shanghai voxian area through weighted superposition calculation. After the computer equipment determines the target ecological source and land, based on the resistance distribution diagram, the MCR model is used to determine the urban ecological corridor between any two target ecological source and land, and further, the repeated paths are deleted through the accumulated resistance values of the extracted paths and the paths with relatively low accumulated resistance values of the same two source and land are connected, so that the urban ecological corridor distribution diagram is obtained, as shown in fig. 8.
After the computer equipment calculates the accumulated resistance value of each urban ecological corridor by using GIS software, calculating the interaction force between every two target ecological source lands according to a gravity model, and determining the urban ecological corridor with the interaction force between the target ecological source lands being greater than or equal to a preset interaction force threshold as a candidate urban ecological corridor. The total length of 23 candidate urban ecological galleries in Shanghai city is about 265.916km. Optionally, the computer equipment calculates the interaction force between the target ecological source and the ground by using a gravity model, and further divides the candidate urban ecological corridor into an important urban ecological corridor and a general urban ecological corridor, wherein the total length of the important urban ecological corridor is 14, and the total length is about 124.418km; the total length of the general urban ecological corridor is about 141.498km, which is shown in fig. 9.
The computer equipment determines the ratio of the number of landscape units with the suitability as the target suitability to the total number of landscape units passing through in the landscape units passing through the candidate urban ecological corridor according to the suitability corresponding to each landscape unit; and if the ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold, determining the candidate urban ecological corridor as a target urban ecological corridor. Alternatively, the high, medium and low suitability may be classified according to the size of the ratio. Meanwhile, as shown in table six, for the case where the candidate urban ecological corridor is divided into the important urban ecological corridor and the general urban ecological corridor, it may be further divided from the perspective of suitability into primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary candidate urban ecological corridor, and primary and secondary candidate urban ecological corridor is selected as the target ecological corridor among the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary candidate urban ecological corridor, as shown in fig. 10.
TABLE six
High suitability for Moderate suitability for Low suitability for
Important ecological corridor First level Second-level Three stages
General ecological corridor Second-level Three stages Four-stage
The embodiment of the application provides a city ecological corridor construction method based on suitability and connectivity. The computer equipment acquires city geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in a city area to be planned, and land utilization types and plaque areas corresponding to each landscape plaque. Then, the computer equipment determines the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system, and determines candidate urban ecological galleries according to the land utilization types corresponding to each landscape patch, the patch areas corresponding to each landscape patch, the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset urban ecological gallery planning strategy. And finally, the computer equipment determines the candidate urban ecological corridor which meets the preset suitability condition according to the suitability degree corresponding to each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes, and takes the candidate urban ecological corridor as the target urban ecological corridor. Thus, the construction of the urban ecological corridor is realized.
The embodiment of the application also provides a city ecological corridor constructing device based on the suitability and the connectivity, as shown in fig. 11, the device comprises:
an obtaining module 1110, configured to obtain urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in a city area to be planned, a land utilization type corresponding to each landscape patch, and a patch area;
the first determining module 1120 is configured to determine, according to city geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system, suitability corresponding to each landscape unit;
a second determining module 1130, configured to determine a candidate urban ecological corridor according to a land utilization type corresponding to each landscape patch, a patch area corresponding to each landscape patch, urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit, and a preset urban ecological corridor planning policy;
a third determining module 1140, configured to determine, as the target urban ecological corridor, a candidate urban ecological corridor that meets a preset suitability condition according to the suitability of each landscape unit and the landscape unit through which the candidate urban ecological corridor passes.
As an optional implementation manner, the suitability evaluation system comprises influence factors and weights corresponding to the influence factors, each influence factor comprises an index factor and a weight corresponding to the index factor, and each index factor comprises a corresponding relation between index factor grading and suitability; the first determining module 1120 is specifically configured to:
Inquiring the suitability of each landscape unit in the index factors according to the corresponding urban geographic information of the landscape unit and the corresponding relationship between the index factor classification and the suitability of each index factor;
for each influence factor, determining the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor according to the weight corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor;
and determining the suitability of the landscape unit according to the weight corresponding to each influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor.
As an optional implementation manner, the urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape unit at least comprises one or more of population density, distance from residential points, distance from a border of a built-up area, ground gradient, distance from water body, land utilization type, vegetation coverage, distance from a large-scale habitat patch and distance from a first-class ecological red line and a second-class ecological red line;
the influence factors at least comprise one or more of human influence factors, physical influence factors and biological influence factors, the human influence factors at least comprise one or more of population density index factors, distance index factors from residential points and distance index factors from boundaries of a building area, the physical influence factors at least comprise one or more of ground slope index factors, distance index factors from water bodies and land utilization type index factors, and the biological influence factors at least comprise one or more of vegetation coverage index factors, distance index factors from large habitat patches and distance index factors from one or two ecological red lines.
As an alternative embodiment, the third determining module 1140 is specifically configured to:
according to the corresponding fitness of each landscape unit, determining the ratio of the number of landscape units with the fitness being the target fitness to the total number of landscape units passing through in the landscape units passing through the candidate urban ecological corridor;
and if the ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold, determining the candidate urban ecological corridor as a target urban ecological corridor.
As an alternative embodiment, the second determining module 1130 is specifically configured to:
among the landscape patches, determining the land use type as a target land use type and the landscape patches with the patch areas larger than or equal to a preset first patch area threshold as candidate ecological source lands;
determining a connectivity importance index corresponding to the candidate ecological source land according to a preset connectivity algorithm, and determining the candidate ecological source land with the connectivity importance index being greater than or equal to a preset connectivity importance index threshold and the plaque area being greater than or equal to a preset second plaque area threshold as a target ecological source land;
determining a resistance value corresponding to each landscape unit according to urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset resistance surface evaluation system;
Determining an urban ecological corridor between any two target ecological sources based on the resistance values corresponding to the landscape units according to a preset minimum accumulated resistance model;
according to a preset gravity model, determining the interaction force between the target ecological source and the ground in the urban ecological corridor, and determining the urban ecological corridor with the interaction force between the target ecological source and the ground being greater than or equal to a preset interaction force threshold value as a candidate urban ecological corridor.
As an alternative embodiment, the resistance surface assessment system comprises resistance factors and weights of the resistance factors, each resistance factor comprises a correspondence of a resistance factor class and a resistance value, and the resistance factors comprise a land utilization type and a distance from a boundary of the building area.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, as shown in fig. 12, and includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program that can be executed on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method for constructing an urban ecological corridor based on suitability and connectivity.
In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described fitness and connectivity-based urban ecological corridor building method.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the various embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (9)

1. The city ecological corridor construction method based on the suitability and the connectivity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining city geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in a city area to be planned, and land utilization types and plaque areas corresponding to each landscape plaque;
determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system;
Determining candidate urban ecological galleries according to land utilization types corresponding to all landscape plagues, plaque areas corresponding to all landscape plagues, urban geographic information corresponding to all landscape units and a preset urban ecological gallery planning strategy;
and determining the suitability as the ratio of the number of landscape units with the target suitability to the total number of landscape units passing through in the landscape units passing through the candidate urban ecological corridor according to the suitability corresponding to each landscape unit, and determining the candidate urban ecological corridor as the target urban ecological corridor if the ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the suitability assessment system comprises influence factors and weights corresponding to the influence factors, each influence factor comprising an index factor and weights corresponding to the index factors, each index factor comprising a correspondence of index factor rankings to suitability; determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system, wherein the determining comprises the following steps:
inquiring the suitability of each landscape unit in the index factors according to the corresponding urban geographic information of the landscape unit and the corresponding relationship between the index factor classification and the suitability of each index factor;
For each influence factor, determining the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor according to the weight corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit corresponding to each index factor contained in the influence factor;
and determining the suitability of the landscape unit according to the weight corresponding to each influence factor and the suitability of the landscape unit in the influence factor.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape unit includes at least one or more of population density, distance from a populated point, distance from a border of a building area, ground slope, distance from a body of water, land utilization type, vegetation coverage, distance from a macro habitat patch, and distance from a first and second class ecological red line;
the influence factors at least comprise one or more of human influence factors, physical influence factors and biological influence factors, wherein the human influence factors at least comprise one or more of population density index factors, distance index factors from residential points and distance index factors from boundaries of a building area, the physical influence factors at least comprise one or more of ground slope index factors, distance index factors from water bodies and land utilization type index factors, and the biological influence factors at least comprise one or more of vegetation coverage index factors, distance index factors from large habitat patches and distance index factors from one or more ecological red lines.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the candidate urban ecological corridor according to the land utilization type corresponding to each landscape patch, the patch area corresponding to each landscape patch, the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit, and the preset urban ecological corridor planning strategy comprises:
in each landscape patch, determining the land use type as a target land use type, and determining the landscape patch with the patch area larger than or equal to a preset first patch area threshold as a candidate ecological source land;
determining a connectivity importance index corresponding to the candidate ecological source land according to a preset connectivity algorithm, and determining the candidate ecological source land with the connectivity importance index being greater than or equal to a preset connectivity importance index threshold and the plaque area being greater than or equal to a preset second plaque area threshold as a target ecological source land;
determining a resistance value corresponding to each landscape unit according to urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit and a preset resistance surface evaluation system;
determining an urban ecological corridor between any two target ecological origins according to a preset minimum accumulated resistance model based on resistance values corresponding to the landscape units;
According to a preset gravity model, determining the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground in the urban ecological corridor, and determining the urban ecological corridor with the interaction force between the target ecological sources and the ground being greater than or equal to a preset interaction force threshold as a candidate urban ecological corridor.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the connectivity algorithm corresponds to the formula:
therein, dPC i The importance index of the connection degree corresponding to the ith candidate ecological sourceThe number, PC, represents the connection degree importance index corresponding to all candidate ecological sources, PC remove,i Indicating the connection degree importance index corresponding to all other candidate ecological source lands except the ith candidate ecological source land, i indicating the ith candidate ecological source land, j indicating the jth candidate ecological source land, n indicating the total number of candidate ecological source lands, A indicating the total area of the urban area to be planned, a i Represents the plaque area corresponding to the ith candidate ecological origin, a j Represents the plaque area and p corresponding to the j candidate ecological source * ij Representing the greatest likelihood of species spreading between the ith candidate ecological source and the jth candidate ecological source.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the resistance surface evaluation system comprises resistance factors and weights for the resistance factors, each resistance factor comprising a resistance factor classification versus resistance value correspondence, the resistance factors comprising land use type and distance from a boundary of a collection area.
7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the minimum cumulative resistance model MCR is:
wherein i represents the ith landscape unit, j represents the jth target ecological source land, m represents the total number of landscape units, n represents the total number of target ecological source lands, D ij Representing the spatial distance between the jth target ecological source and the ith landscape unit, R i And f represents the positive correlation of the minimum accumulated resistance and the ecological process.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the gravity model corresponds to the formula:
wherein G is ij Representing the interaction force between the ith target ecological source and the jth target ecological source, N i Weight value representing ith target ecological source and N j The weight value of the j-th target ecological source and the D ij Representing standard resistance value, P, of urban ecological corridor between ith target ecological source and jth target ecological source i Represents the resistance value, P, of the ith target ecological origin j Represents the resistance value of the jth target ecological source land, S i Represents the plaque area of the ith target ecological origin, S j Represents the plaque area of the jth target ecological source land, L ij Representing the accumulated resistance value, L, of the urban ecological corridor between the ith target ecological source and the jth target ecological source max Representing the maximum cumulative resistance value in each urban ecological corridor.
9. An urban ecological corridor construction device based on fitness and connectivity, the device comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in the urban area to be planned, and land utilization types and plaque areas corresponding to each landscape plaque;
the first determining module is used for determining the suitability of each landscape unit according to the urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape unit and a preset suitability evaluation system;
the second determining module is used for determining candidate urban ecological galleries according to land utilization types corresponding to the landscape patches, patch areas corresponding to the landscape patches, urban geographic information corresponding to the landscape units and a preset urban ecological gallery planning strategy;
and the third determining module is used for determining the ratio of the number of landscape units with the suitability as the target suitability to the total number of the landscape units passing through in the landscape units passing through the candidate urban ecological corridor according to the suitability corresponding to each landscape unit, and determining the candidate urban ecological corridor as the target urban ecological corridor if the ratio is greater than or equal to a preset ratio threshold value.
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