CN111241624A - Green and environment-friendly urban landscape design method - Google Patents
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a green environment-friendly city landscape design method in the city construction field, which is used for changing agricultural land into residential land and restoring the residential land into a sustainable ecological residential area. Compared with the prior art of ecological city design, the technical scheme has the advantages that different living or activity areas are established and divided through the construction adaptability evaluation of GIS evaluation land, the sponge city is constructed to realize coupled human and natural systems, and the human and animals are helpful to the metabolic reaction between the society and the ecology through interaction, and the possibility of diversity of the ecological system is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of urban construction, and particularly relates to a green and environment-friendly urban landscape design method.
Background
Currently, the global environment is further deteriorated, the deterioration is mainly caused by the transformation and exploitation of the earth, at present, agricultural lands have the defects of excessive pollution and excessive use of cultivated land, the agricultural lands or the cultivated land are generally used as construction lands after being purchased along with the rapid development of urbanization, but the polluted or excessive use lands are loose in structure, the construction can become soil-free and vegetation-free lands after being poured by concrete, and the lands absorb a large amount of heat energy and have small heat capacity, so that the environment and the climate are damaged.
In order to improve the morphological structure of these soils and land-based construction facilities, a branch of architecture has been introduced, i.e., urban landscape, which is basically defined as a complex organism in a city, building construction should be the subject of its construction, the urban landscape is an organic combination of buildings and the environment by reasonably arranging and organizing the relationship between the buildings and other relevant factors by applying the basic principles of ecology, building technology science, modern scientific technical means and the like, meanwhile, the indoor climate conditioning and outdoor climate conditioning device has good indoor climate conditions and strong outdoor climate conditioning capacity, so that the environment of people living is comfortable, a benign circulation system is formed among people, buildings and natural ecological environment, and the restoration and reconstruction of agricultural land by the technology are not mentioned.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to improve the habitability of agricultural land and construct a green and environment-friendly urban landscape design method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a green environment-friendly urban landscape design method is based on agricultural land, a GIS is utilized to construct an suitability evaluation system, positive factors of the suitability evaluation system comprise traffic grids, negative factors of the suitability evaluation system comprise soil erosion degree, slope evaluation, agricultural cost evaluation, river cost evaluation and vegetation coverage rate evaluation, patches with the highest suitability are used as residential communities and business centers after evaluation, and other areas are used as urban green land.
After the scheme is adopted, the following beneficial effects are realized: 1. compared with the prior art of carrying out vegetation planting on an office building by adopting a green frame, the technical scheme combines the corrosion condition of the divided cultivated land with the laying condition of the traffic grids to establish and divide different living or activity areas.
2. Compared with the prior art of dividing the area by adopting the traffic grid, the technical scheme integrates positive factors and negative factors of other adaptability, and the integrated score is used as a residential area and a commercial area.
Further, comprising the following steps;
s1, coordinating the urban traffic network, reorganizing the road network for land use, and making adjustments according to the terrain;
s2, carrying out catchment areas according to terrains by referring to local precipitation, and designing rainfall flood management facilities;
s3, selecting proper vegetation to plant according to the rain flood management facilities and the water quality purification requirements, and distinguishing urban parks and wild animal habitats;
s4, building residential communities and business centers in the areas with the optimal suitability, and building open space galleries, ecological galleries, city parks and wild animal habitats in the residential communities and the business centers to build ecological corridors;
and S5, monitoring the air quality and the water pollution degree by using wild animals and plants, and carrying out environmental evaluation.
Has the advantages that: 1. compared with the prior art of multi-level classification, the technical scheme is characterized in that the main trunk road and the transportation channel of the original planting area are used as the basis, and the mode of adding the secondary trunk road is used for connecting all areas, so that the space is reasonably utilized.
2. Compared with the prior art which reasonably utilizes the space, the rainfall lifting condition is distinguished in the technical scheme, and different management facilities are established.
3. Compared with the technical scheme of adopting precipitation to distinguish and establish, the technical scheme utilizes the rainwater flow direction to plant proper vegetation, and reasonably utilizes the drainage channel and the water flow channel.
4. Compared with the prior art of constructing a drainage channel, the technical scheme has the advantages that the ecological corridor is constructed in the commercial area, and the environmental protection performance is improved.
Further, the vegetation in S3 is japanese maple, dogwood and sugary maple, the ecological galleries in S4 are juncus effuses, gladiolus and sedge, and the vegetation in the wild animal habitat in S4 is maple, pseudomaple, montmorillonitum, douglas fir and yew.
Has the advantages that: 1. compared with other vegetation adopted technical schemes, the vegetation adopted in the technical scheme has good effect of absorbing excessive fertilizers for cultivated land, and the maple tree crown has large coverage and high survival rate.
2. Compared with the prior art of other green plants, the technical scheme utilizes the flexible plants to cover and protect the animals and plants and provides food sources for herbivorous animals.
3. The tree-shaped plants are used for tightly grabbing soil in a water and soil watershed, so that water and soil loss is avoided, and the range of a water boundary is limited by a tree-shaped structure.
Further, the adaptive calculation method in step 4 is that for the index with a value greater than l, the ratio of l to the index value is taken; for indexes with the numerical value smaller than l, taking the ratio of the numerical value l;
the normalized value is calculated as:
the first step is as follows: relatizing, namely, the index relative value is (index minimum value-index value)/index minimum value;
the second step is that: standardizing, namely, the index standard value is equal to the index relative value/the maximum index relative value, and the standard value is equal to O when the index relative value is zero or negative;
for the abnormal value, the value is 1 when the abnormal value is greater than l, and the value is 0 when the abnormal value is less than 0.
Further, the method for setting the rainfall flood management facility in the S3 includes the steps that sponge facilities are built at the intersection of each catchment area of the terrain, each sponge facility comprises a water collecting pool and a grass planting ditch, the water collecting pools belong to small ecological wetlands, surface runoff is gathered to the sponge facilities through the terrain design, a water collecting basin is built at the intersection of any area, the pool portion of the water collecting basin adopts a structure of slowing down underground water flow, the ecological wetlands are built around the pool bottom of the water collecting basin, an ecological channel is built between the ecological wetlands and the water collecting basin, and a water outlet of the ecological channel is located in the large water collecting pool, the ecological wetlands and the urban green areas. .
Has the advantages that: 1. compared with the prior art for constructing the flow of the underground water area, the technical scheme utilizes the sponge facility, reduces the risk of urban waterlogging, enriches the biological species, and simultaneously, the ecological wetland is also a beautiful plant bed for purifying the environment and surface runoff.
2. Compared with the prior art for constructing the ecological wetland, the drainage channel is established at the junction of the main road and the secondary road in the technical scheme and is used for treating dust generated by vehicles and dust on roads.
Further, birds, amphibians and fishes are introduced into the habitat of the wild animal in the S4 to construct a wild animal corridor, and the large and small habitat patches are connected.
Has the advantages that: 1. the constructed environment is helpful for helping society and ecological metabolism, increases the possibility of diversity of an ecological system, whether used by human or non-human, and simultaneously realizes the division of boundaries between human and natural space and ecological harmony.
2. Compared with the prior art of mechanical detection, the technical scheme utilizes amphibians such as rana nigromaculata which are harmless to people and animals of which the skin is sensitive to the ecological environment, and can be introduced as an index for detecting the air quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structure and hierarchy for hierarchical ranking of building areas;
FIG. 2 shows green plant coverage and construction range;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an ecological corridor formulation;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a rain flood management facility;
FIG. 5 is a rain water flow pattern;
fig. 6 is a structural view of the ecological wetland in fig. 5;
FIG. 7 is a view showing a rainwater management structure at the junction of the main road and the secondary road of the city in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a table of soil erosion sensitivity weights;
FIG. 9 is a table of adaptability evaluation of construction land;
fig. 10 scores the landump resistance factor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described implementation examples are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached figure 1: a green environment-friendly city landscape design method is based on agricultural land, a GIS is utilized to build an suitability evaluation system, the value and the weight of the evaluation system refer to fig. 8, fig. 9 and fig. 10, the positive factor of the suitability evaluation system comprises a traffic grid, the negative factor of the suitability evaluation system comprises soil erosion degree, slope evaluation, agricultural cost evaluation, river cost evaluation and vegetation coverage evaluation, patches with the highest suitability are used as residential communities and business centers after evaluation, and other areas are used as city green land.
The method comprises the following steps in construction;
s1, coordinating the urban traffic network, reorganizing the road network for land use, and making adjustments according to the terrain;
referring to fig. 4, S2, dividing catchment areas according to terrains by referring to local precipitation, designing a rain flood management facility, and establishing a rain flood management facility by distinguishing areas with poor water flow capacity on the saturated ground; the setting method of the rain and flood management facility comprises the steps of constructing a sponge facility at the intersection of each catchment area of the terrain, wherein the sponge facility comprises a water collecting pool and a grass planting ditch, the water collecting pool belongs to a small ecological wetland, surface runoff is gathered to the sponge facility through the terrain design, please refer to a graph 5, constructing a water collecting basin at the intersection of any area, adopting a structure for slowing down underground water flow at the pool part of the water collecting basin, establishing the ecological wetland around the pool bottom of the water collecting basin, establishing an ecological channel between the ecological wetland and the water collecting basin, and arranging a water outlet of the ecological channel in the large water collecting pool, the ecological wetland and the urban green space area.
Referring to fig. 2, S3, selecting suitable vegetation to plant according to the rain flood management facilities and the flow direction of the natural water flow, and distinguishing the city park from the wildlife habitat, the vegetation is acer japonica, cornus officinalis and acer ginnala;
referring to fig. 3, S4, residential communities and commercial centers are built in the areas with the best suitability, open space galleries, ecological galleries, city parks and wild animal habitats are built in the residential communities and the commercial centers, birds, amphibians and fishes are introduced into the wild animal habitats to build the wild animal galleries, and large and small habitat patches are connected.
The vegetation planted in the ecological corridor is rush, calamus and nutgrass flatsedge, and the vegetation of the habitat of wild animals is maple, acer pseudo-red maple, Monascus montelukast, Douglas fir and yew.
Constructing vegetation galleries around the residential center and the commercial center, wherein the vegetation galleries are ecological corridors with city parks and wild animal habitats, introducing birds, amphibians and fishes into the wild animal habitats to construct new habitats connected with wild animal shelters, and plants planted in the vegetation galleries are juncus, gladiolus and sedge.
The adaptive calculation method is that for the index with the value larger than l, the ratio of l to the index value is taken; for indexes with the numerical value smaller than l, taking the ratio of the numerical value l;
the normalized value is calculated as:
the first step is as follows: relatizing, namely, the index relative value is (index minimum value-index value)/index minimum value;
the second step is that: standardizing, namely, the index standard value is equal to the index relative value/the maximum index relative value, and the standard value is equal to O when the index relative value is zero or negative;
for the abnormal value, the value is 1 when the abnormal value is greater than l, and the value is 0 when the abnormal value is less than 0;
and S5, monitoring the air quality and the water pollution degree by using wild animals and plants, and carrying out environmental evaluation.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A green environment-friendly city landscape design method is characterized in that: on the basis of agricultural land, a GIS is utilized to construct a suitability evaluation system, positive factors of the suitability evaluation system comprise traffic grids, negative factors of the suitability evaluation system comprise soil erosion degree, slope evaluation, agricultural cost evaluation, river cost evaluation and vegetation coverage rate evaluation, patches with the highest suitability are used as residential communities and business centers after evaluation, and other areas are used as urban green lands.
2. The method for designing the green and environment-friendly urban landscape according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the following steps;
s1, coordinating the urban traffic network, reorganizing the road network for land use, and making adjustments according to the terrain;
s2, dividing catchment areas according to terrains by referring to local precipitation, and designing rainfall flood management facilities;
s3, selecting proper vegetation to plant according to the rain flood management facilities and the water quality purification requirements, and distinguishing urban parks and wild animal habitats;
s4, building residential communities and business centers in the areas with the optimal suitability, and building open space galleries, ecological galleries, city parks and wild animal habitats in the residential communities and the business centers to build ecological corridors;
and S5, monitoring the air quality and the water pollution degree by using wild animals and plants, and carrying out environmental evaluation.
3. The method for designing the green and environment-friendly urban landscape according to claim 2, wherein: the vegetation in the S3 is Japanese maple, dogwood and acer ginnala, the vegetation planted in the ecological corridor in the S4 is rush, gladiolus and sedge, and the vegetation in the wild animal habitat in the S4 is maple, acer pseudo-red maple, acer montmorillonitum, douglas fir and yew.
4. The method for designing the green and environment-friendly urban landscape according to claim 3, wherein: the adaptive calculation method in the step 4 is to take the ratio of l to an index value for the index with the value larger than l; for indexes with the numerical value smaller than l, taking the ratio of the numerical value l;
the normalized value is calculated as:
the first step is as follows: relatizing, namely, the index relative value is (index minimum value-index value)/index minimum value;
the second step is that: standardizing, namely, the index standard value is equal to the index relative value/the maximum index relative value, and the standard value is equal to O when the index relative value is zero or negative;
for the abnormal value, the value is 1 when the abnormal value is greater than l, and the value is 0 when the abnormal value is less than 0.
5. The method for designing the green and environment-friendly urban landscape according to claim 2, wherein: the setting method of the rainfall flood management facility in the S2 comprises the steps of constructing a sponge facility at the intersection of each catchment area of the terrain, wherein the sponge facility comprises a water collecting pool and a grass planting ditch, the water collecting pool belongs to a small ecological wetland, surface runoff is gathered to the sponge facility through the terrain design, a water collecting basin is constructed at the intersection of any area, the pool part of the water collecting basin adopts a structure of slowing down underground water flow, the ecological wetland is established around the pool bottom of the water collecting basin, an ecological channel is established between the ecological wetland and the water collecting basin, and a water outlet of the ecological channel is positioned in the large water collecting pool, the ecological wetland and the urban green space area.
6. The method for designing the green and environment-friendly urban landscape according to claim 2, wherein: in the S4, birds, amphibians and fishes are introduced into the habitat of the wild animals to construct a wild animal corridor, and the large and small habitat plaques are connected.
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| CN202010087345.0A CN111241624A (en) | 2020-02-11 | 2020-02-11 | Green and environment-friendly urban landscape design method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113349157A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-07 | 深圳园林股份有限公司 | Pond construction structure suitable for frog inhabitation in green land |
| CN113627654A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-09 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Urban ecological corridor construction method and device based on suitability and connectivity |
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2020
- 2020-02-11 CN CN202010087345.0A patent/CN111241624A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113349157A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-07 | 深圳园林股份有限公司 | Pond construction structure suitable for frog inhabitation in green land |
| CN113627654A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-09 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Urban ecological corridor construction method and device based on suitability and connectivity |
| CN113627654B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2024-02-27 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Urban ecological corridor construction method and device based on fitness and connectivity |
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