CN113624747A - A detection device and detection method for carburizing depth on the surface of a cold-rolled tube - Google Patents

A detection device and detection method for carburizing depth on the surface of a cold-rolled tube Download PDF

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CN113624747A
CN113624747A CN202111048453.8A CN202111048453A CN113624747A CN 113624747 A CN113624747 A CN 113624747A CN 202111048453 A CN202111048453 A CN 202111048453A CN 113624747 A CN113624747 A CN 113624747A
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laser
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rolled tube
rolled
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李新中
梁骁
黄浩然
王树民
李新华
曾美兰
张云
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种冷轧管表面渗碳深度检测装置及检测方法。使用一个激光诱导击穿光谱的装置，同时实现了对于冷轧管断面和外表面的激光诱导击穿光谱的分析，同时利用断面的光谱分析获得渗碳深度；然后利用外表面的光谱分析获得CE曲线和CT曲线；并将CE曲线和CT曲线的特征作为输入构建神经网络模型，从而得到未知冷轧管的表面的渗碳深度；避免了在检测真实工业品时还需要研磨或者切开断面的步骤，仅仅需要对表面的一个小点进行激光诱导击穿光谱分析就可以得到渗碳深度，近似于无损检测，速度更快。

Figure 202111048453

The invention relates to a detection device and a detection method for the carburizing depth on the surface of a cold-rolled pipe. Using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device, the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of the cross-section and outer surface of the cold-rolled tube was realized at the same time, and the carburization depth was obtained by using the spectral analysis of the cross-section; then the CE was obtained by using the spectral analysis of the outer surface. Curve and CT curve; the features of CE curve and CT curve are used as input to build a neural network model, so as to obtain the carburizing depth of the surface of the unknown cold-rolled pipe; avoid the need to grind or cut the section when testing real industrial products. Step, only need to perform laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis on a small point on the surface to obtain the carburizing depth, which is similar to non-destructive testing, and the speed is faster.

Figure 202111048453

Description

Device and method for detecting surface carburization depth of cold-rolled tube
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of spectrum detection of cold rolled tube heat treatment, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the surface carburization depth of a cold rolled tube.
Background
Carburizing: the method is characterized in that a workpiece is placed into an active carburizing medium, heated to a single-phase austenite region of 900-950 ℃, and after heat preservation is carried out for enough time, activated carbon atoms decomposed from the carburizing medium are infiltrated into the surface layer of the steel workpiece, so that high carbon on the surface layer is obtained, and the core part still maintains the original components.
In the prior art, carburization depth detection generally comprises a metallographic method, a direct-reading spectroscopy method, a stripping chemical analysis method and the like, and the carburization depth detection can be realized only by stripping a sample layer by layer in the schemes. However, in actual product inspection, it is impossible to perform the peeling test on all samples, which wastes time and damages the surface structure of the samples.
The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is a novel spectral analysis technology, and the laser breakdown detection is carried out on one point on the surface of a sample by using high-energy laser, so that the damage to materials is extremely small, the detection speed is high, and the method is green and pollution-free.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the content, in order to solve the problem, the device for detecting the carburization depth of the surface of the cold-rolled tube comprises a control device, a precise sample stage, a displacement controller, a laser transmitter, a laser power controller, an optical fiber coupler and a spectrum analyzer;
the precision sample stage is used for placing the cold-rolled pipe to be detected, and the hole controls the movement of the cold-rolled pipe to be detected; the displacement controller is connected with the precision sample stage and is used for controlling the precision sample stage to move; the displacement controller is connected with the control device, and the control device sends a displacement instruction and a displacement parameter to the displacement controller;
the laser power controller is used for controlling the laser power of the laser transmitter; the control device is connected with the laser power controller and is used for sending control parameters of the laser power to the laser power controller;
the optical fiber coupler is used for collecting plasma plumes generated on the surface of the cold-rolled pipe to be detected and coupling the plasma plumes to the optical fiber to be transmitted to the spectrum analyzer; the spectrum analyzer is connected with the control device and is used for transmitting the spectrum analysis result to the control device;
the control device collects the analysis result of the spectrum analyzer, and calculates the carbon content of the detection point according to the analysis of the laser-induced breakdown spectrum of the cold-rolled tube to be detected;
during detection, the section of the cold-rolled pipe to be detected moves under the control of a precision sample stage, a laser emitter emits laser to excite laser-induced breakdown spectrums at different positions on the section of the cold-rolled pipe to be detected, and an optical fiber coupler collects plasma plumes and sends the plasma plumes to a spectrum analyzer to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrums; and the control device calculates the carbon content of different detection points so as to obtain the surface carburization depth of the cold-rolled tube.
The emission wavelength of the laser emitter is 1064nm, the single-pulse energy is 100mJ to 1.5J, and the laser focusing spot is 20-100 mu m;
the displacement precision of the precision sample stage is 0.5-1 μm, and the minimum step length is 5-10 μm; selecting an atomic emission spectral line of 505.2nm of carbon element as an analysis spectral line;
the device comprises a cold-rolled pipe to be detected and an optical fiber coupler, and is characterized by further comprising a sealing outer cover, wherein the precise sample stage and the optical fiber coupler are arranged inside the sealing outer cover, and various atmospheres can be filled in the sealing outer cover, so that the cold-rolled pipe to be detected can be analyzed in a laser-induced breakdown spectrum under a determined atmosphere.
A method for detecting the surface carburization depth of a cold-rolled tube by using a cold-rolled tube surface carburization depth detection device comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a plurality of cold-rolled tube samples, and respectively carrying out carburizing treatment on the cold-rolled tube samples with different parameters to obtain cold-rolled tube samples with different carburizing depths;
step 2: treating the surface of the cold rolled tube: cleaning the carburized cold-rolled tube with a detergent to remove oil stains on the surface; cleaning, cutting off, cooling the cutting knife by water during cutting off, and directly polishing the section and the outer surface by velvet;
and step 3: placing a cold-rolled tube sample on the surface of a precision sample stage for fixing, exciting laser-induced breakdown spectrums at different positions on the section of the cold-rolled tube to be detected by using laser emitted by a laser emitter, collecting plasma plumes by using an optical fiber coupler, and sending the plasma plumes to a spectrum analyzer to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrums; the precise sample stage controls the detection position of the cold-rolled tube sample to move along the radial direction of the cold-rolled tube, the control device calculates the carbon content of different detection points, and the carbon content of the detection points with different depths from the surface is drawn, so that the surface carburization depth of the cold-rolled tube is obtained; the specific carburization depth obtaining method can be directly obtained according to a drawn change curve of the carbon content along with the depth, and is not described in detail;
and 4, step 4: changing the direction of the cold-rolled tube sample obtained in the step (3) to enable a laser emitter to be aligned to the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube, then enabling the laser emitter to emit laser to excite the laser-induced breakdown spectrum at the same position on the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube, and enabling an optical fiber coupler to collect plasma plumes and send the plasma plumes to a spectrum analyzer to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrum; continuously improving the single pulse energy of laser emitted by a laser emitter in the detection process, calculating the excitation energy by a control device to obtain the carbon content of the laser-induced breakdown spectrum, and drawing a curve of the carbon content changing along with the excitation energy, namely a CE curve;
and 5: replacing a detection point on the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube processed in the step 4, then sending laser by a laser transmitter to excite a laser-induced breakdown spectrum at a detection position on the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube, and collecting plasma plumes by an optical fiber coupler and sending the plasma plumes to a spectrum analyzer to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrum; fixing the single pulse energy of laser emitted by a laser emitter in the detection process, calculating excitation energy by a control device to obtain the carbon content of a laser-induced breakdown spectrum, and drawing a curve of the carbon content changing along with the times of the laser pulse, namely a CT curve;
step 6: replacing a cold-rolled tube sample, and repeatedly executing the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 until all the cold-rolled tube samples are tested; further obtaining a plurality of groups of CE curves and CT curves and the carburization depth corresponding to each CE curve and each CT curve;
then, taking the curve characteristics extracted from the CE curve and the CT curve as input, and taking the carburization depth as output to construct a neural network model to obtain a carburization depth judgment model, namely obtaining a carburization depth after inputting the curve characteristics of the CE curve and the CT curve;
and 7: and (3) carburizing a cold-rolled tube sample to be measured, cleaning and polishing the cold-rolled tube sample, executing the step (4) and the step (5) to obtain a CE curve and a CT curve, and inputting curve characteristics of the CE curve and the CT curve into a carburizing depth judging model to obtain the carburizing depth.
The characteristics of the CE curve and the CT curve extracted by the construction of the neural network model are as follows: the range of the CE curve, the range of the CT curve, the variance of the CE curve, the variance of the CT curve, the mean of the CE curve, the mean of the CT curve, the dispersion coefficient of the CT curve, and the dispersion coefficient of the CE curve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method, realizes the analysis of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of the section and the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube, and obtains the carburization depth by the spectral analysis of the section; then, obtaining a CE curve and a CT curve by utilizing the spectral analysis of the outer surface; establishing a neural network model by taking the characteristics of the CE curve and the CT curve as input, thereby obtaining the carburization depth of the surface of the unknown cold-rolled pipe; the step of grinding or cutting the section is avoided when the real industrial product is detected, the carburization depth can be obtained only by carrying out laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis on a small point on the surface, the method is similar to nondestructive detection, and the speed is higher.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosed subject matter, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate the implementations of the disclosed subject matter and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the principles of implementations of the disclosed subject matter. No attempt is made to show structural details of the disclosed subject matter in more detail than is necessary for a fundamental understanding of the disclosed subject matter and various modes of practicing the same.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of step 3 of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of steps 4-5 of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The advantages, features and methods of accomplishing the same will become apparent from the drawings and the detailed description that follows.
Example 1:
a cold rolled tube surface carburization depth detection device comprises a control device, a precise sample stage, a displacement controller, a laser transmitter 1, a laser power controller, an optical fiber coupler 2 and a spectrum analyzer 3;
the precision sample stage is used for placing the cold-rolled tube 4 to be detected, and the hole controls the movement of the cold-rolled tube 4 to be detected; the displacement controller is connected with the precision sample stage and is used for controlling the precision sample stage to move; the displacement controller is connected with the control device, and the control device sends a displacement instruction and a displacement parameter to the displacement controller;
the laser emitter 1 is used for exciting the laser-induced breakdown spectrum on the surface of the cold-rolled tube 4 to be tested, and the laser power controller is used for controlling the laser power of the laser emitter 1; the control device is connected with the laser power controller and is used for sending control parameters of the laser power to the laser power controller;
the optical fiber coupler 2 is used for collecting plasma plumes generated on the surface of the cold-rolled tube 4 to be measured and coupling the plasma plumes to an optical fiber to be transmitted to the spectrum analyzer 3; the spectrum analyzer 3 is connected with the control device and is used for transmitting the spectrum analysis result to the control device;
the control device collects the analysis result of the spectrum analyzer 3, and calculates the carbon content of the detection point according to the analysis of the laser-induced breakdown spectrum of the cold-rolled tube 4 to be detected;
during detection, the section of the cold-rolled tube 4 to be detected moves under the control of a precision sample stage, a laser emitter 1 emits laser to excite laser-induced breakdown spectrums at different positions on the section of the cold-rolled tube 4 to be detected, and an optical fiber coupler 2 collects plasma plumes and sends the plasma plumes to a spectrum analyzer 3 to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrums; the control device calculates the carbon content of different detection points, and further obtains the surface carburization depth of the cold-rolled tube 4.
The emission wavelength of the laser emitter 1 is 1064nm, the single-pulse energy is 100mJ to 1.5J, and the laser focusing spot is 20-100 mu m;
the displacement precision of the precision sample stage is 0.5-1 μm, and the minimum step length is 5-10 μm; selecting an atomic emission spectral line of 505.2nm of carbon element as an analysis spectral line;
the device is characterized by further comprising a sealing outer cover, wherein the precision sample stage and the optical fiber coupler 2 are arranged inside the sealing outer cover, and various atmospheres can be filled into the sealing outer cover, so that the cold-rolled tube 4 to be detected can be analyzed through laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in a determined atmosphere.
Example 2:
a method for detecting the surface carburization depth of a cold-rolled tube by using a cold-rolled tube surface carburization depth detection device comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a plurality of cold-rolled tube 4 samples, and respectively carrying out carburizing treatment on the cold-rolled tube 4 samples with different parameters to obtain the cold-rolled tube 4 samples with different carburizing depths;
step 2: surface treatment of the cold rolled tube 4: cleaning the cold-rolled tube 4 after carburization treatment by using a detergent to remove oil stains on the surface; cleaning, cutting off, cooling the cutting knife by water during cutting off, and directly polishing the section and the outer surface by velvet;
and step 3: a cold-rolled tube 4 sample is placed on the surface of a precision sample table to be fixed, laser emitter 1 is used for emitting laser to carry out laser-induced breakdown spectrum excitation on different positions on the section of the cold-rolled tube 4 to be detected, and optical fiber coupler 2 collects plasma plume and sends the plasma plume to optical spectrum analyzer 3 to obtain a laser-induced breakdown spectrum; the precise sample stage controls the detection position of a sample of the cold-rolled tube 4 to move along the radial direction of the cold-rolled tube 4, the control device calculates the carbon content of different detection points, and the carbon content of the detection points with different depths from the surface is drawn, so that the surface carburization depth of the cold-rolled tube 4 is obtained;
and 4, step 4: changing the direction of the sample of the cold-rolled tube 4 in the step (3) to enable the laser emitter 1 to be aligned to the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube 4, then enabling the laser emitter 1 to emit laser to excite the laser-induced breakdown spectrum at the same position on the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube 4, and enabling the optical fiber coupler 2 to collect plasma plumes and send the plasma plumes to the optical spectrum analyzer 3 to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrum; in the detection process, the single pulse energy of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 1 is continuously improved, the control device calculates the excitation energy to obtain the carbon content of the laser-induced breakdown spectrum, and a curve of the carbon content changing along with the excitation energy, namely a CE curve, is drawn;
and 5: replacing a detection point on the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube 4 processed in the step 4, then exciting a laser-induced breakdown spectrum at a detection position on the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube 4 by using laser emitted by a laser emitter 1, collecting plasma plumes by using an optical fiber coupler 2, and sending the plasma plumes to a spectrum analyzer 3 to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrum; fixing the single pulse energy of laser emitted by the laser emitter 1 in the detection process, calculating the excitation energy by the control device to obtain the carbon content of the laser induced breakdown spectrum, and drawing a curve of the carbon content changing along with the times of the laser pulse, namely a CT curve;
step 6: replacing a sample of the cold-rolled tube 4, and repeatedly executing the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 until all samples of the cold-rolled tube 4 are tested; further obtaining a plurality of groups of CE curves and CT curves and the carburization depth corresponding to each CE curve and each CT curve;
then, taking the curve characteristics extracted from the CE curve and the CT curve as input, and taking the carburization depth as output to construct a neural network model to obtain a carburization depth judgment model, namely obtaining a carburization depth after inputting the curve characteristics of the CE curve and the CT curve;
and 7: and (3) carburizing a sample of the cold-rolled tube 4 to be measured, cleaning and polishing the sample, executing the step 4 and the step 5 to obtain a CE curve and a CT curve, and inputting curve characteristics of the CE curve and the CT curve into a carburizing depth judging model to obtain the carburizing depth.
The characteristics of the CE curve and the CT curve extracted by the construction of the neural network model are as follows: the range of the CE curve, the range of the CT curve, the variance of the CE curve, the variance of the CT curve, the mean of the CE curve, the mean of the CT curve, the dispersion coefficient of the CT curve, and the dispersion coefficient of the CE curve.
Specifically, after the range of the CE curve, the range of the CT curve, the variance of the CE curve, the variance of the CT curve, the mean of the CE curve, the mean of the CT curve, the dispersion coefficient of the CT curve and the dispersion coefficient of the CE curve are extracted, the extracted values are input as a primary observed quantity, and the corresponding carburization depth is used as an output to construct a neural network model. Of course, the selection of the neural network model is only an example, and other decision trees and random forest methods can be used for classification discrimination.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1.一种冷轧管表面渗碳深度检测装置，包括控制装置、精密样品台、位移控制器、激光发射器(1)、激光功率控制器、光纤耦合器(2)和光谱分析仪(3)；其特征在于：1. A cold-rolled tube surface carburizing depth detection device, comprising a control device, a precision sample stage, a displacement controller, a laser transmitter (1), a laser power controller, an optical fiber coupler (2) and a spectrum analyzer (3) ); characterized by: 精密样品台用于放置待检测冷轧管(4)，孔控制待检测冷轧管(4)移动；位移控制器连接精密样品台，用于控制精密样品台移动；位移控制器连接控制装置，控制装置向位移控制器发送位移指令和位移参数；The precision sample stage is used for placing the cold-rolled tube (4) to be tested, and the hole controls the movement of the cold-rolled tube (4) to be tested; the displacement controller is connected to the precision sample stage and used to control the movement of the precise sample stage; the displacement controller is connected to the control device, The control device sends displacement commands and displacement parameters to the displacement controller; 激光发射器(1)用于对待测冷轧管(4)表面进行激光诱导击穿光谱的激发，激光功率控制器用于控制激光发射器(1)的激光功率；控制装置连接激光功率控制器，用于向激光功率控制器发出激光功率的控制参数；The laser transmitter (1) is used to excite the surface of the cold-rolled tube (4) to be measured by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, and the laser power controller is used to control the laser power of the laser transmitter (1); the control device is connected to the laser power controller, Control parameters for sending laser power to the laser power controller; 光纤耦合器(2)用于收集待测冷轧管(4)表面产生的等离子体羽辉，并将其耦合至光纤以传递至光谱分析仪(3)；光谱分析仪(3)连接控制装置，用于将光谱分析结果发送到控制装置；The optical fiber coupler (2) is used for collecting the plasma plume generated on the surface of the cold-rolled tube (4) to be tested, and coupling it to the optical fiber to transmit it to the spectrum analyzer (3); the spectrum analyzer (3) is connected to the control device , for sending the spectral analysis results to the control device; 控制装置收集光谱分析仪(3)的分析结果，根据待测冷轧管(4)激光诱导击穿光谱的分析，计算出检测点的含碳量；The control device collects the analysis results of the spectrum analyzer (3), and calculates the carbon content at the detection point according to the analysis of the laser-induced breakdown spectrum of the cold-rolled tube (4) to be tested; 检测时待检测冷轧管(4)的断面在精密样品台的控制下移动，激光发射器(1)发出激光对检测冷轧管(4)的断面上的不同位置进行激光诱导击穿光谱的激发，光纤耦合器(2)收集等离子体羽辉并将其发送至光谱分析仪(3)得到激光诱导击穿光谱；控制装置计算出不同检测点的含碳量，进而得到冷轧管(4)表面渗碳深度。During detection, the section of the cold-rolled tube (4) to be detected moves under the control of a precision sample stage, and the laser transmitter (1) emits laser light to perform laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy on different positions on the section of the cold-rolled tube (4) to be detected. excitation, the fiber coupler (2) collects the plasma plume and sends it to the spectrum analyzer (3) to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrum; the control device calculates the carbon content at different detection points, and then obtains the cold-rolled tube (4). ) surface carburization depth. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种冷轧管表面渗碳深度检测装置，其特征在于：2. a kind of cold-rolled pipe surface carburizing depth detection device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 激光发射器(1)的发射波长为1064nm，单脉冲能量为100mJ至1.5J，激光聚焦光斑为20-100μm；The emission wavelength of the laser transmitter (1) is 1064 nm, the single pulse energy is 100 mJ to 1.5 J, and the laser focusing spot is 20-100 μm; 精密样品台的位移精度为0.5-1μm，最小步长5-10μm；选择碳元素505.2nm原子发射谱线为分析谱线。The displacement accuracy of the precision sample stage is 0.5-1 μm, and the minimum step size is 5-10 μm; the atomic emission line of 505.2 nm of carbon element is selected as the analysis line. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种冷轧管表面渗碳深度检测装置，其特征在于：3. a kind of cold-rolled pipe surface carburizing depth detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: 还包括密封外罩，精密样品台和光纤耦合器(2)设置于密封外罩内部，密封外罩内能够充入各种气氛，从而保证待检测冷轧管(4)在确定的气氛下进行激光诱导击穿光谱的分析。It also includes a sealing cover, the precision sample stage and the optical fiber coupler (2) are arranged inside the sealing cover, and various atmospheres can be filled in the sealing cover, so as to ensure that the cold-rolled tube (4) to be tested is subjected to laser-induced shock in a certain atmosphere. Transspective spectral analysis. 4.一种使用权利要求1-3任一项的冷轧管表面渗碳深度检测装置进行冷轧管表面渗碳深度检测的方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：4. a method that uses the cold-rolled pipe surface carburization depth detection device of any one of claims 1-3 to carry out the cold-rolled pipe surface carburization depth detection method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: 步骤1：准备多个冷轧管(4)样品，分别进行不同参数的渗碳处理，得到渗碳深度不同的冷轧管(4)样品；Step 1: preparing a plurality of cold-rolled pipe (4) samples, respectively carrying out carburizing treatment with different parameters, to obtain cold-rolled pipe (4) samples with different carburizing depths; 步骤2：冷轧管(4)表面的处理：将渗碳处理后的冷轧管(4)用洗涤剂进行清洗，去除表面的油污；清洗后进行截断，截断时用水对切割刀具进行冷却，然后直接用丝绒进行断面和外表面的抛光；Step 2: Treatment of the surface of the cold-rolled pipe (4): the carburized cold-rolled pipe (4) is cleaned with detergent to remove oil stains on the surface; after cleaning, cutting is performed, and the cutting tool is cooled with water during cutting. Then directly use velvet to polish the section and outer surface; 步骤3：将一个冷轧管(4)样品放置于精密样品台表面固定，利用激光发射器(1)发出激光对检测冷轧管(4)的断面上的不同位置进行激光诱导击穿光谱的激发，光纤耦合器(2)收集等离子体羽辉并将其发送至光谱分析仪(3)得到激光诱导击穿光谱；精密样品台控制冷轧管(4)样品的检测位置沿着冷轧管(4)径向移动，控制装置计算出不同检测点的含碳量，绘制距离表面不同深度的检测点的碳含量，进而得到冷轧管(4)表面渗碳深度；Step 3: A sample of the cold-rolled tube (4) is placed on the surface of the precision sample stage to be fixed, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is performed on different positions on the cross-section of the cold-rolled tube (4) by using the laser transmitter (1) to emit laser light. Excitation, the fiber coupler (2) collects the plasma plume and sends it to the spectrum analyzer (3) to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrum; the precision sample stage controls the detection position of the cold-rolled tube (4) sample along the cold-rolled tube (4) radial movement, the control device calculates the carbon content of different detection points, draws the carbon content of the detection points at different depths from the surface, and then obtains the surface carburization depth of the cold-rolled pipe (4); 步骤4：将步骤3的冷轧管(4)样品调换方向，使得激光发射器(1)对准冷轧管(4)外表面，然后激光发射器(1)发出激光对检测冷轧管(4)的外表面上的同一个位置进行激光诱导击穿光谱的激发，光纤耦合器(2)收集等离子体羽辉并将其发送至光谱分析仪(3)得到激光诱导击穿光谱；检测过程中不断提高激光发射器(1)发出激光的单脉冲能量，控制装置计算出激发能量得到激光诱导击穿光谱的含碳量，绘制含碳量随激发能量变化的曲线，即CE曲线；Step 4: Change the direction of the cold-rolled tube (4) sample in Step 3, so that the laser transmitter (1) is aimed at the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube (4), and then the laser transmitter (1) emits a laser to detect the cold-rolled tube (4). The laser-induced breakdown spectrum is excited at the same position on the outer surface of 4), and the fiber coupler (2) collects the plasma plume and sends it to the spectrum analyzer (3) to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrum; the detection process Continuously increase the single-pulse energy of the laser emitted by the laser transmitter (1), the control device calculates the excitation energy to obtain the carbon content of the laser-induced breakdown spectrum, and draws a curve of the carbon content changing with the excitation energy, that is, the CE curve; 步骤5：在步骤4处理后的冷轧管(4)的外表面上更换一个检测点，然后激光发射器(1)发出激光对检测冷轧管(4)的外表面上的检测位置进行激光诱导击穿光谱的激发，光纤耦合器(2)收集等离子体羽辉并将其发送至光谱分析仪(3)得到激光诱导击穿光谱；检测过程中固定激光发射器(1)发出激光的单脉冲能量，控制装置计算出激发能量得到激光诱导击穿光谱的含碳量，绘制含碳量随激脉冲次数变化的曲线，即CT曲线；Step 5: Replace a detection point on the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube (4) processed in Step 4, and then the laser transmitter (1) emits a laser to detect the detection position on the outer surface of the cold-rolled tube (4) for laser detection. The excitation of the induced breakdown spectrum, the fiber coupler (2) collects the plasma plume and sends it to the spectrum analyzer (3) to obtain the laser-induced breakdown spectrum; during the detection process, the single unit of the laser emitted by the fixed laser emitter (1) is fixed. Pulse energy, the control device calculates the excitation energy to obtain the carbon content of the laser-induced breakdown spectrum, and draws a curve that changes the carbon content with the number of excitation pulses, that is, the CT curve; 步骤6：更换一个冷轧管(4)样品，重复执行步骤3、步骤4和步骤5，直到全部的冷轧管(4)样品被测试完；进而得到多组CE曲线、CT曲线和每一个CE曲线、CT曲线对应的渗碳深度；Step 6: Replace a cold-rolled tube (4) sample, and repeat steps 3, 4 and 5 until all the cold-rolled tube (4) samples are tested; and then obtain multiple sets of CE curves, CT curves and each Carburizing depth corresponding to CE curve and CT curve; 之后将CE曲线、CT曲线提取的曲线特征作为输入，渗碳深度作为输出构建神经网络模型，得到渗碳深度判别模型，即输入CE曲线、CT曲线的曲线特征之后会得到一个渗碳深度；Then, the curve features extracted from the CE curve and the CT curve are used as input, and the carburizing depth is used as the output to construct a neural network model, and a carburizing depth discrimination model is obtained, that is, a carburizing depth will be obtained after inputting the curve features of the CE curve and the CT curve; 步骤7：将一个待测的冷轧管(4)样品进行渗碳处理，之后进行清洗、抛光后执行步骤4和步骤5，得到CE曲线和CT曲线，将CE曲线、CT曲线的曲线特征输入渗碳深度判别模型得到渗碳深度。Step 7: Carburizing a sample of the cold-rolled tube (4) to be tested, then cleaning and polishing, and then performing Steps 4 and 5 to obtain the CE curve and the CT curve, and input the curve characteristics of the CE curve and the CT curve The carburizing depth discrimination model is used to obtain the carburizing depth. 5.根据权利要求4所述的冷轧管表面渗碳深度检测的方法，其特征在于：5. the method for carburizing depth detection on the surface of cold-rolled pipe according to claim 4, is characterized in that: 神经网络模型的构建提取CE曲线和CT曲线的特征为：CE曲线的极差、CT曲线的极差、CE曲线的方差、CT曲线的方差、CE曲线的均值、CT曲线的均值、CT曲线的离散系数、CE曲线的离散系数。The construction of the neural network model extracts the features of the CE curve and the CT curve as follows: the range of the CE curve, the range of the CT curve, the variance of the CE curve, the variance of the CT curve, the mean of the CE curve, the mean of the CT curve, and the mean of the CT curve. Dispersion coefficient, dispersion coefficient of CE curve.
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