CN113624506A - Method for verifying service life of automobile part product - Google Patents
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- CN113624506A CN113624506A CN202010389020.8A CN202010389020A CN113624506A CN 113624506 A CN113624506 A CN 113624506A CN 202010389020 A CN202010389020 A CN 202010389020A CN 113624506 A CN113624506 A CN 113624506A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 230
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- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 36
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/06—Multidirectional test stands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/003—Environmental or reliability tests
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for verifying the service life of an automobile part product, and belongs to the technical field of automobile part product service life verification. The method comprises the following steps: (1) testing the reliability of the automobile part product according to standard regulations; the reliability test comprises all test items specified in the standard; (2) and if the tested product passes all the corresponding test items, judging that the tested product can reach the design life, wherein the design life is calculated according to the driving mileage in the performance corresponding to the reliability test or is obtained according to the service life in the performance corresponding to the reliability test. The invention provides a service life verification method for verifying the service life of the automobile part product according to the reliability test result, the service life of the product is verified without independently performing an accelerated service life test, the test time can be saved, and the test efficiency is improved; and the service life verification standard of the same type of automobile part products is unified, and the service life verification result is accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for verifying the service life of an automobile part product, and belongs to the technical field of automobile part product service life verification.
Background
The service life is an indispensable index for the design of automobile part products and is a key basis for whether the products have competitiveness. How to judge whether the service life of the automobile parts meets the design requirements and how to evaluate that the automobile parts meet the design requirements in the shortest time is a difficult point in the current industry.
At present, two tests are needed before automobile part products leave a factory, namely a reliability test for verifying whether the reliability of the products meets the design requirements; first, life test is used to verify whether the life of the product meets the design requirements (i.e. whether the design life can be reached); the existing service life test is divided into two types, the first type is a conventional endurance stress service life test, the service life of a product is obtained by verifying the capability of the tested product to complete specified functions under specified use conditions, and the required test time is long; the second type is an accelerated life test, which can shorten the life test period by applying single or multiple stresses to a tested product, accelerating the exposure of a product failure mode, a potential failure mode or defects, obtaining an acceleration factor under the condition of single stress or multiple stresses by using an accelerated life model, and converting the working time of the product under the condition of single stress or multiple stresses into the product life.
At present, accelerated life tests are mostly adopted in domestic industries to verify the product life, and common accelerated life models comprise: (1) environmental stress acceleration model-arrhenius model: the aF temperature { (Ea/k) (1/T0-1/T1) }, where aF temperature represents a temperature acceleration coefficient, Ea represents activation energy of precipitation failure, k represents boseman constant, T0 represents temperature at which the product normally operates (273+23 ℃), and T1 represents temperature at which the product is stressed; (2) electrical stress acceleration model-voltage model: t/t ═ V/V ∈ (3), where t denotes the failure time under the conventional stress acceleration test, t ∈ denotes the failure time under the acceleration life test, V denotes the voltage stress applied under the conventional condition, and V ∈ denotes the voltage applied under the acceleration test condition; (3) mechanical stress acceleration model-inverse power rate model (S-N) model: a is (S/Sn) a, where S denotes normal stress, Sn denotes acceleration stress, and a denotes a typical value for different materials, such as standard steel a 6.
Although the accelerated life test can shorten the test period, the accelerated life test has the following problems when being used for verifying the product life: (1) the accelerated life models are various in types, and when the accelerated life test is carried out on the same tested product, if the selected accelerated life models are inconsistent, the calculated accelerated factors are often inconsistent, so that the obtained accelerated life test results are inconsistent and even different, and finally the accuracy of the life verification result is low; (2) even if the adopted accelerated life models are consistent, under different stresses and when the service life of the product is divided into different parts, the calculation results of the acceleration factors are inconsistent, and the accuracy of the life verification result is also influenced to be low; (3) the test condition of the accelerated life test is greatly selected by the parameters of the accelerated life model, and the calculation of the acceleration factor is influenced, so that the accuracy of the life verification result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for verifying the service life of an automobile part product, which is used for solving the problem that a service life verification result obtained by verifying the service life of the product by using an accelerated service life test is inaccurate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for verifying the lifetime of an automobile part product, comprising the steps of:
(1) testing the reliability of the automobile part product according to standard regulations; the reliability test comprises all test items specified in the standard;
(2) and if the tested product passes all the corresponding test items, judging that the tested product can reach the design life, wherein the design life is calculated according to the driving mileage in the performance corresponding to the reliability test or is obtained according to the service life in the performance corresponding to the reliability test.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention can be calculated according to the designed service life of the automobile part product and obtain according to the driving mileage in the performance corresponding to the reliability test or obtain according to the service life in the performance corresponding to the reliability test, and provides a service life verification method for verifying the service life of the automobile part product according to the reliability test result, so long as the reliability test is carried out on the tested automobile part product by adopting the test items specified in the standard (such as national or international standard), whether the service life of the tested automobile part product can reach the designed service life or not and whether the reliability of the tested automobile part product meets the design requirement or not can be known simultaneously according to the reliability test result, the service life of the product is verified without independently carrying out the accelerated service life test, the test time can be saved, and the test efficiency is improved; (2) for the same type of automobile part products, because the test standards of the test items of the type of products specified in the standards are unified, the standard of the product life verification is unified, and the problem that the life verification result is inaccurate due to the fact that the selected accelerated life model is inconsistent or the test condition and the test time are inconsistent when the product life verification is carried out by utilizing the accelerated life test can be avoided; (3) because the test standard of the test item in the standard can cover about 80% of the use environment of the automobile part product, the life verification result obtained by the life verification method has strong representativeness and high accuracy; moreover, the service life verification method provided by the invention can be suitable for the service life verification of all automobile part products, and has strong universality.
Further, in the method for verifying the service life of the automobile part product, the performing a reliability test on the automobile part product according to the standard specification includes: and performing reliability test according to standard specifications, or replacing the test conditions and the test time specified in the standard by the tightened test conditions and the corresponding test time to perform the reliability test.
The beneficial effects of doing so are: by tightening the test conditions of the test items, the test time of the corresponding test items can be further shortened, and the test efficiency is improved.
Further, in the method for verifying the service life of the automobile part product, the test time corresponding to the tightened test condition is obtained through the following steps: selecting a corresponding accelerated life model according to the type of the test condition, calculating an accelerated factor corresponding to the tightened test condition by combining the corresponding accelerated life model, and calculating by using the calculated accelerated factor and the design life of the tested product to obtain the test time corresponding to the tightened test condition.
Further, in the method for verifying the life of the automobile part product, the method further includes a step of verifying whether the life of the product to be tested reaches the extended design life, and the step includes: aiming at all test items of a tested product specified in the standard, correspondingly linearly prolonging the test time of each test item, and if the tested product can still pass through all the corresponding test items, judging that the service life of the tested product can reach the prolonged design service life; the extended design life is linear with the extended test time.
The beneficial effects of doing so are: the test stress can not be changed after the design life of the tested product is prolonged, the prolonged test time corresponding to the prolonged design life can be calculated directly according to the linear relation between the prolonged design life and the prolonged test time, then the reliability test is carried out on the tested product by adopting the prolonged test time to replace the test time of the corresponding test item specified in the standard, the recalculation is not needed to be carried out according to the accelerated life model, and the life verification method after the design life is prolonged is simplified.
Further, in the method for verifying the service life of the automobile part product, the standard is GB/T28046 or GB/T31467.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a life verification method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The embodiment of the life verification method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for verifying the life of an automobile part product (hereinafter referred to as a life verification method) of this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) the reliability test method comprises the following steps of carrying out reliability test on an automobile part product according to standard specifications, namely carrying out reliability test on the automobile part product according to test standards (test conditions, test time and test method) specified by the standards; wherein, the reliability test includes all test items (also called reliability test items) specified in the standard;
(2) and if the tested product passes all the corresponding test items, judging that the tested product can reach the design life, wherein the design life is calculated according to the driving mileage in the performance corresponding to the reliability test or is obtained according to the service life in the performance corresponding to the reliability test.
Specifically, if the driving range in the performance corresponding to the reliability test of the tested product is specified in the standard, the design life of the tested product is calculated according to the driving range, at this time, the driving range refers to the total driving range of the automobile under the condition that the tested product is qualified in performance, then the total driving duration of the automobile under the condition that the tested product is qualified in performance can be obtained by combining the average daily driving range of the automobile, and the obtained total driving duration is the design life of the tested product.
And if the service life of the performance corresponding to the reliability test of the tested product is specified in the standard, obtaining the design life of the tested product according to the service life, wherein the service life refers to the total usable time of the tested product under the condition that the performance of the tested product is qualified, and the service life can be directly used as the design life of the tested product.
The standard of the present embodiment may be a national standard or an international standard or an industry standard.
The following results were obtained by analytical studies on a large amount of data: (1) the design life of the automobile part product can be calculated according to the driving mileage in the performance corresponding to the reliability test project specified in the standard or obtained according to the service life in the performance corresponding to the reliability test; (2) the test conditions and test time of the reliability test items specified in the standard are obtained by converting an accelerated life model according to the design life of the automobile part product; therefore, for a certain automobile part product, if the product passes all the reliability test items corresponding to the product, the product has a life which is equivalent to the life of the product and can reach the design life.
Based on the research results, the service life verification method for verifying the service life of the automobile part product according to the reliability test result is provided, so that as long as the reliability test is performed on the tested automobile part product by adopting the test items specified in the standard, whether the service life of the tested automobile part product can reach the design service life and whether the reliability of the tested automobile part product meets the design requirements can be known at the same time according to the reliability test result, the service life of the product is verified without independently performing an accelerated service life test, the test time can be saved, and the test efficiency can be improved; for the same type of automobile part products, because the test standards (namely the test conditions, the test time and the test method) of the test items of the type of products specified in the standards are unified, the standard of the product life verification is unified, and the problem that the life verification result is inaccurate because the selected accelerated life model is inconsistent or the test conditions and the test time are inconsistent when the product life verification is carried out by utilizing the accelerated life test can be avoided; in addition, the test standard of the test item in the standard can cover about 80% of the use environment of the automobile part product, so that the life verification result obtained by the life verification method of the embodiment has strong representativeness and high accuracy; moreover, the service life verification method of the embodiment can be suitable for the service life verification of all automobile part products, and is strong in universality.
Automobile part products comprise engines, transmissions, storage battery packs and the like, and each product has a reliability test item corresponding to the product in a standard (such as GB/T28046 or GB/T31467) and a test standard, namely a test condition, a test time and a test method, of each reliability test item.
Taking a storage battery pack as an example, in GB/T31467, reliability test items of the storage battery pack include 16 reliability test items such as a vibration test, a temperature shock test, a mechanical shock test, and the like, wherein test standards of the vibration test and the temperature shock test are as follows:
vibration testing: the vibration test is carried out in three directions, starting from the Z axis, then the Y axis, and finally the X axis, and the test process is referred to GB/T2423.56; the test time in each direction is 21h, and can be reduced to 15h if the test objects are 2, and can be reduced to 12h if the test objects are 3; monitoring the state of the minimum monitoring unit in the tested object in the testing process, such as voltage, temperature and the like; and observing for 2h after the vibration test is finished.
And (3) temperature impact test: placing the object to be tested in an alternating temperature environment of (-40 +/-2) DEG C to (85 +/-2) DEG C, wherein the conversion time of the two extreme temperatures is within 30min, keeping the object to be tested in each extreme temperature environment for 8h, and circulating for 5 times; after the temperature shock test was completed, it was observed at room temperature for 2 hours.
When the service life verification method of the embodiment is used for verifying the service life of the storage battery pack, the reliability of the storage battery pack is tested according to all the reliability test items of the storage battery pack specified in GB/T31467, and if the storage battery pack passes all the corresponding reliability test items, the service life of the storage battery pack is judged to reach the design service life. The design life of the storage battery can be calculated according to the driving mileage in the performance corresponding to any reliability test item or obtained according to the service life in the performance corresponding to any reliability test item.
For example, if the battery pack passes a vibration test, which indicates that the vibration performance of the battery pack is qualified, and if the test time 21h of the vibration test of the battery pack is specified in the standard to correspond to the driving mileage of an automobile of 60 kilometers, the design life of the battery pack can be calculated to be 8 years by combining the average daily driving mileage of the automobile (for example, the average daily driving of a bus is 200 kilometers); or if the standard specifies that the service life of the battery pack is 8 years when the vibration performance of the battery pack is qualified, the design life of the battery pack is 8 years directly obtained. Therefore, when the storage battery pack is subjected to factory test, the service life of the storage battery pack can be known whether the service life of the storage battery pack can reach the design service life and whether the reliability of the storage battery pack meets the design requirements or not without independently performing accelerated service life test, and compared with the two tests in the existing factory test, the test time can be saved and the test efficiency can be improved; in addition, because the test standards in the standards are unified, the standard of the life verification is also unified, so that the accuracy of the life verification result is improved.
As another embodiment, the test time of the corresponding reliability test item can be further shortened and the test efficiency can be improved by tightening the test conditions of the reliability test item in the standard, that is, tightening the test stress (such as vibration, temperature, and the like) acting on the tested product, and the test time corresponding to the tightened test stress is obtained through the following steps: selecting a corresponding accelerated life model according to the type of the test stress, calculating an accelerated factor corresponding to the test stress after the stress is tightened by combining the corresponding accelerated life model, and calculating the test time corresponding to the test stress after the stress is tightened by using the calculated accelerated factor and the design life of the product. It is easy to know that the reliability test of the tested product is carried out by adopting the test stress after the tightening and the test time corresponding to the test stress of the corresponding reliability test item specified in the replacement standard, the obtained test result is the same, but the required test time is shorter.
Taking test stress (temperature stress at this time) in a temperature impact test of a storage battery pack in GB/T31467 as an example, temperature stress specified in GB/T31467 is (-40 +/-2) DEG C to (85 +/-2) DEG C, test time corresponding to the temperature stress is 8h, in order to further shorten the test time, the temperature stress is tightened, for example, the temperature stress after the tightening is (-50 +/-2) DEG C to (95 +/-2) DEG C, then an acceleration factor corresponding to the temperature stress after the tightening is calculated by combining a temperature accelerated life model, and the test time corresponding to the temperature stress after the tightening is calculated by combining the acceleration factor and the design life of the storage battery pack, it is easy to know that the test time corresponding to the temperature stress after the tightening is shorter than the test time corresponding to the temperature stress specified in the standard.
As another embodiment, after determining that the lifetime of the tested product can reach the design lifetime (for example, 8 years), it can be verified whether the lifetime of the tested product can reach the extended design lifetime (for example, 10 years) by the following steps: aiming at all reliability test items of the tested product specified in the standard, keeping the test condition (namely test stress) of each reliability test item unchanged as the test condition specified in the standard, correspondingly linearly prolonging the test time of each reliability test item, replacing the test time of the corresponding reliability test item specified in the standard by the linearly prolonged test time to carry out reliability test on the tested product, and judging that the service life of the tested product can reach the prolonged design service life when the tested product can still pass through all the reliability test items.
The test time after each reliability test item is linearly prolonged is obtained through the following steps: according to the fact that the service life (namely the failure time) of a product conforms to a linear transformation theory, under the condition that the test stress is not changed, a linear conversion relation (a linear conversion relation for short) between the failure time of the product and the failure time in the accelerated life test is as follows: t0 ═ t ∈, where ∈ indicates the acceleration coefficient, t ∈ indicates the failure time in the acceleration life test, which indicates the test time after extension in the present embodiment, and t0 indicates the failure time of the product, which indicates the design life after extension in the present embodiment. Therefore, by substituting the extended design life into the linear conversion relational expression, the linearly extended test time corresponding to the extended design life can be obtained. Therefore, the test stress can not be changed after the design life of the tested product is prolonged, the test time after linear extension is directly calculated according to the linear conversion relational expression, then the test time after linear extension is adopted to replace the test time of the corresponding reliability test item specified in the standard to carry out reliability test on the tested product, the recalculation is not needed by referring to the accelerated life model, and the life verification method after the design life is prolonged is simplified.
The service life verification method is suitable for testing and verifying calendar service lives of all automobile part products, can be applied to testing and verifying quality guarantee service lives and delayed quality guarantee service lives of all automobile part products in an expanded mode, and supports service life reliability evaluation of automobile products 8 and more than 8.
Claims (5)
1. A method for verifying the service life of an automobile part product is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) testing the reliability of the automobile part product according to standard regulations; the reliability test comprises all test items specified in the standard;
(2) and if the tested product passes all the corresponding test items, judging that the tested product can reach the design life, wherein the design life is calculated according to the driving mileage in the performance corresponding to the reliability test or is obtained according to the service life in the performance corresponding to the reliability test.
2. The method for verifying the life of an automobile part product according to claim 1, wherein the performing a reliability test on the automobile part product according to a standard specification comprises: and performing reliability test according to standard specifications, or replacing the test conditions and the test time specified in the standard by the tightened test conditions and the corresponding test time to perform the reliability test.
3. The method for verifying the life of an automobile part product according to claim 2, wherein the test time corresponding to the tightened test condition is obtained by: selecting a corresponding accelerated life model according to the type of the test condition, calculating an accelerated factor corresponding to the tightened test condition by combining the corresponding accelerated life model, and calculating by using the calculated accelerated factor and the design life of the tested product to obtain the test time corresponding to the tightened test condition.
4. The method for verifying life of automobile part product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the step of verifying whether the life of the product under test reaches the extended design life, the step comprising: aiming at all test items of a tested product specified in the standard, correspondingly linearly prolonging the test time of each test item, and if the tested product can still pass through all the corresponding test items, judging that the service life of the tested product can reach the prolonged design service life; the extended design life is linear with the extended test time.
5. The method for verifying the life of an automobile part product according to claim 1, wherein the standard is GB/T28046 or GB/T31467.
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| CN116148106A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-05-23 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Ball falling type durable impact and temperature and humidity combined acceleration test method and system |
| CN116296199A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-23 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack vibration test method, apparatus, and readable storage medium |
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