CN113622438A - Loess slope protection device and ecological slope protection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and particularly relates to a loess slope protection device and an ecological slope protection method. The slope protection device comprises a plurality of fixing units, wherein each fixing unit comprises an anchoring pile, an elbow, a connecting pile, a connecting strip, a mesh bag and a fixing ring; the top of the anchoring pile is detachably connected with the hollow connecting pile, a plurality of elastic elbows are mounted at the top of the anchoring pile, and the bending direction of the elbows faces to the outer wall of the anchoring pile; the lateral wall of the connecting pile is further provided with a through groove along the length direction, the through groove is internally detachably embedded with a bendable connecting strip, a mesh bag is arranged in the connecting pile, and the top edge of the mesh bag is provided with a fixing ring. The invention realizes the multilayer protection of the loess slope through the multi-stage anchoring effect, has good slope protection effect, and can improve the loess soil quality and the environmental ecology by the growth of plants.

Description

Loess slope protection device and ecological slope protection method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and particularly relates to a loess slope protection device and an ecological slope protection method.

Background

Ecological environment protection has become an important research topic. The loess slope restoration operation is a more typical type of ecological environment protection. The soil quality of the loess slope is typical loess soil quality, and the water retention is poor, so the water and soil loss condition is serious. In order to secure the safety of the loess slope, slope protection treatment is generally required. At present, the common slope protection method is to install a reinforcing device on the loess slope or plant vegetation for ecological restoration.

The design research of the retaining structure of the prestressed anchor rod of the loess slope frame [ J ]. geotechnical engineering report, 2006,28(0z1):1582 + 1585 ], which mainly comprises a frame, a retaining plate, an anchor rod and a soil body behind the wall, and forms a light retaining structure with frame prestress, under the structure, the soil pressure borne by the frame is transmitted to the steel pull rod through the anchor head, the holding force of peripheral mortar is transmitted to cement mortar through the pull rod, and then the friction force of the soil layer at the periphery of the anchoring section is transmitted to the stable stratum of the anchoring area to bear the acting force of the upper pressure and the like on the retaining structure. This document finally improves the stability and the security of the loess slope by setting up a reasonable structure to produce a prestressing force of an appropriate size. When carrying out loess side slope protection through reinforcing apparatus, although easy operation, its main action lies in preventing the loss after the soil erosion and water meet with the wind and rain, does not improve soil ecology from the essence, in case fixing device appears becoming flexible, still causes soil erosion and water loss scheduling problem easily.

The ecological restoration method in the prior art mainly realizes the effects of keeping water and soil and keeping slope stability by planting different types of plants, the vegetation can have different heights, different drought resistance degrees or different root system development degrees, and the like, the higher the vegetation height is, the better the sand prevention effect is, the higher the drought resistance degree is, the longer the life is, the more intricate and complicated the root system of the vegetation is, the better the root-tying effect in loess is, and the higher the stability is. The most remarkable effect of the method for protecting the side slope by the vegetation is that the soil quality can be improved and the environment can be beautified, but because the loess lacks moisture and has low viscosity, the vegetation planted in the initial stage is not easy to root in the loess soil, the survival rate is not high, and the problem of poor fixing effect is easy to cause.

If the fixing device can be combined with the ecological restoration method, the soil quality can be improved, the environment can be beautified, and the soil can be well protected and fixed. At present, the prior art mainly relates to a method for combining a fixing device with repair, which comprises the following steps: the anchor pile is firstly cast into the grid-shaped slope protection device on the side slope, then vegetation is planted in the center of the grid of the slope protection device, however, the anchor pile is generally only cylindrical, the contact surface with soil is only cylindrical, the contact direction is single, and the fixing effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a loess slope protecting device.

The invention aims to provide a loess slope protection device, which comprises a plurality of fixing units, wherein each fixing unit comprises an anchoring pile, an elbow, a connecting pile, a connecting strip, a mesh bag and a fixing ring;

the top of the anchoring pile is detachably connected with the hollow connecting pile, a plurality of elastic elbows are mounted at the top of the anchoring pile, the elbows bend towards the outer wall direction of the anchoring pile, when the connecting pile is connected with the anchoring pile, all the elbows are positioned in the connecting pile, and when the connecting pile is separated from the anchoring pile, all the elbows are scattered towards the periphery of the anchoring pile;

the lateral wall of the connecting pile is further provided with a through groove along the height direction, the through groove is internally detachably embedded with a bendable connecting strip, a mesh bag is arranged in the connecting pile, the top edge of the mesh bag is provided with a fixing ring, and the bag bottom of the mesh bag is arranged at the top of the anchoring pile.

Preferably, in the loess slope protection device, the bottom of the anchoring pile is in an inverted cone shape or a wedge shape.

Preferably, in the loess slope protection device, the connecting piles and the anchoring piles are in threaded connection, and the height of the threads is 3-5 cm.

Preferably, above-mentioned loess side slope protection device, it is a plurality of the elbow centers on anchor stake top evenly distributed.

Preferably, above-mentioned loess side slope protection device, the both sides limit of connecting strip is equipped with the notch, the logical groove edge of connecting pile is equipped with the sand grip of pegging graft with the notch phase-match that locates.

Preferably, above-mentioned loess side slope protection device, the surface of anchor pile sets up to the matte, the connection stake surface sets up to glossy surface.

Preferably, the loess slope protection device comprises a plurality of fixed net structures, each fixed net structure comprises four fixed units, the anchor piles, the net bags corresponding to the anchor piles and the fixed rings form a group of fixed combinations, and the four corners of each fixed net structure are provided with one fixed combination; the fixing ring is detachably connected with the connecting pile.

Preferably, above-mentioned loess side slope protection device, the stake of connecting with the lateral wall that leads to the groove relative can dismantle and be connected with the anchor strip.

The invention also provides a loess slope protection method, which comprises the following steps:

detaching the connecting strips on the connecting piles, and placing the mesh bags in the connecting piles;

mounting the connecting piles on the tops of the anchoring piles, and then mounting the connecting strips on the connecting piles;

inserting the anchoring piles and the connecting piles into soil of the loess slope;

detaching the connecting pile from the anchoring pile, wherein the anchoring pile and the mesh bag are kept in the soil, and the fixing ring is positioned outside the soil;

and planting plants in the net bags.

Preferably, the method for slope protection of loess slope further comprises:

the fixing net structures are installed on the loess side slope, and the fixing net structures are further combined and extended to form a network-shaped slope protection device;

laying the connecting strips detached from the connecting piles in a ring shape along the periphery of the fixing ring;

and planting plants in the mesh bag and the space surrounded by the fixed mesh structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the soil is anchored for the first time through the anchoring pile, the soil is anchored for the second time through the plurality of the elbows, the plurality of the elbows are respectively inserted into the soil from different angles, and the angles of the elbows inserted into the soil are different from the angles of the anchoring pile inserted into the soil, so that the anchoring effect is better under the action of multi-angle cuttage and stress. According to the invention, the net bag is arranged, the plants are planted in the net bag, the soil is anchored for the third time, and the roots of the plants are wound on the net bag to grow along with the growth of the plants, so that the firmness between the plants and the soil is better. Multistage anchor effect has realized the multilayer protection to the loess side slope, and the bank protection is effectual, and the growth of plant can improve loess soil property, and the growth of plant can also improve the environmental ecology. The invention relates to a loess slope protection method combining a fixing device and ecological restoration.

2. The invention is provided with a plurality of fixed net structure combinations and network-shaped slope protection devices which extend into a large area, and the network-shaped grid vertexes are provided with four fixed combinations, while the grid vertexes of the traditional network-shaped slope protection devices are only provided with one fixed point. Even if a certain fixed combination is broken, other fixed combinations still have a fixing effect.

3. According to the invention, the through grooves are arranged on the connecting piles of the hollow structure, and the connecting piles are longitudinally and transversely arranged, so that if severe weather such as heavy rain, mud and stone flow is met, the hollow parts of the connecting piles can receive and guide water, can also receive substances such as mud and stone flow of landslide, and can slow down erosion of water flow to loess side slopes, and can also slow down landslide speed such as mud and stone flow.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing connection of a connecting pile and an anchoring pile in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection of the mesh bag and the anchor pile in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a connecting pile in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a fixed net structure according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a plurality of fixed mesh structures assembled into a net shape according to example 2 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the connection of a connecting pile and an anchoring strip in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the connection between the connection pile and the fixing strip in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention to be implemented, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

A loess slope protection device, see fig. 1-3, includes a plurality of fixed units, and fixed unit includes anchor pile 1, elbow 11, connecting pile 2, connecting strip 21, pocket 3 and solid fixed ring 4. The bottom of anchor pile 1 is back taper or wedge, is convenient for insert in the soil, anchors soil, during the use, inserts anchor pile 1 perpendicularly in the loess side slope. The top of the anchoring pile 1 is detachably connected with a hollow connecting pile 2, the connecting pile 2 and the anchoring pile 1 are in detachable connection through threaded connection, preferably, in order to facilitate the installation and the disassembly of the connecting pile 2, the height of the overlapping part of the threaded connection of the connecting pile 2 and the anchoring pile 1 is 3-5cm, and the reference is made to fig. 2. A plurality of elbows 11 that have elasticity are installed at the top of anchor pile 1, elbow 11 is crooked slabby, crooked strip or crooked acicular, and elbow 11 is crooked towards anchor pile 1 outer wall direction, when connecting pile 2 is connected with anchor pile 1, all elbows 11 are located inside connecting pile 2, see fig. 1 when connecting pile 2 and anchor pile 1 separation, all elbows 11 scatter to anchor pile 1 all around, see fig. 2, the purpose of setting up elbow 11 is that a plurality of elbows 11 insert soil respectively from different angles, different with the angle that anchor pile 1 inserted soil, under the multi-angle cuttage and stress effect, the anchor effect of anchor pile 1 and elbow 11 is better. Preferably, the plurality of bends 11 are evenly distributed around the top of the anchor pile 1 in order to provide a more evenly directed force on the top of the anchor pile 1. The anchor pile 1 can adopt a metal pile or a concrete pile, or a concrete pile embedded with metal, the elbow 11 can be made of materials with better toughness and firmness, such as a steel wire rope and an elastic plate, the bending degree of the elbow 11 is noted to be between 10 and 45 degrees, the situation that the elbow 11 cannot be inserted into soil due to transitional bending is avoided, and the connecting pile 2 can be made of metal piles or other materials with good compression strength and tensile strength and corrosion resistance.

In the invention, besides the hollow structure, the side wall of the connecting pile 2 is also provided with a through groove along the height direction shown in fig. 1, a bendable connecting strip 21 is detachably embedded in the through groove, and the connecting strip 21 can be made of a bendable elastic plate or a bendable flexible plate. Preferably, the both sides limit of connecting strip 21 is equipped with the notch, and the logical groove edge of connecting pile 2 is equipped with the notch assorted sand grip of locating, but the sand grip embedded groove is intraoral, also can follow the notch and take out, realizes connecting pile 2 and connecting strip 21 dismantling and is connected. Connect and be provided with pocket 3 in the stake 2, pocket 3 selects degradable or non-degradable material preparation all can, also can adopt flexible material, pocket 3 has a plurality of meshs, can permeate water and permeate plant roots, the bottom and the anchor stake 1 top fixed connection of pocket 3, and be located a plurality of elbows 11 and enclose into the space, the top edge of pocket 3 is equipped with solid fixed ring 4, gu fixed ring 4 is located the inside or the outside of connecting stake 2 all can, gu fixed ring 4's effect is the shape of opening of maintaining 3 net gapes of pocket, be convenient for plant planting.

Based on the same invention concept, the invention also provides a method for protecting the loess slope by using the device, which comprises the following steps:

when slope protection is carried out, the connecting strips 21 on the connecting piles 2 are detached, the mesh bags 3 are placed in the connecting piles 2, the connecting piles 2 are installed at the tops of the anchoring piles 1, the connecting strips 21 are installed on the connecting piles 2, then the anchoring piles 1 and the connecting piles 2 are inserted into soil of the loess slope, and the fixing rings 4 are located outside the soil; the preferred insertion angle is perpendicular to the slope surface; then the connecting pile 2 is detached from the anchoring pile 1 in a spiral mode, the anchoring pile 1 and the mesh bag 3 are remained in the soil, then plants are planted in the mesh bag 3, and the plants can be directly planted when the connecting pile 2 is taken out and the amount of the soil flowing into the mesh bag 3 is not large, and if the soil flowing into the mesh bag 3 is too much, a part of the soil in the mesh bag 3 can be dug out firstly, and then the plants are planted. Net bag 3 and anchor stake 1 all have the fixed action to the plant, prevent that the new plant from empting because reasons such as sand blown by the wind, along with the growth of plant, its root system twines the growth on net bag 3, perhaps stretch into the mesh of net bag 3, then the firmness between plant and soil is better, and net bag 3 has the improvement effect to the soil gap, the moisture of rainfall can flow into soil along net bag 3 fast inside, absorbed by the root system, have fine guarantor's water effect, along with the continuation growth of plant, interact between its life metabolism activity's result and the loess, can improve loess soil property, the growth of plant can improve the environmental ecology. The fixing unit not only has the function of fixing the loess structure, but also has the function of fixing plants, and a plurality of fixing units are arranged on the loess slope, so that the multi-point slope protection can be carried out.

It should be noted that, since the connection length between the connection pile 2 and the anchor pile 1 is not long, and there is also frictional resistance between the anchor pile 1 and the soil, when the connection pile 2 and the anchor pile 1 are detached by a spiral manner, the anchor pile 1 is not taken out along with the taking-out of the connection pile 2. In order to further increase the friction between the anchor pile 1 and the soil and to prevent the anchor pile 1 from being taken out with the extraction of the connection pile 2, the present invention provides the outer surface of the anchor pile 1 as a rough surface and the outer surface of the connection pile 2 as a smooth or relatively smooth surface.

Example 2

The utility model provides a loess side slope protection device, is the same basically with embodiment 1's structure, the difference lies in, refers to fig. 4-5, includes a plurality of fixed network structures, and every fixed network structure comprises four fixed unit, and it is the quadrangle, and anchor pile 1 and its corresponding pocket 3 and solid fixed ring 4 are a set of fixed combination, all are equipped with a fixed combination on four angles of fixed network structure. Two first connecting buckles are symmetrically arranged on the edge of the fixing ring 4, second connecting buckles matched with the first connecting buckles are arranged at two ends of the connecting pile 2, the connecting pile 2 is separated from the fixing ring 4 before the fixing unit is inserted into soil according to the method of the embodiment 1, the connecting pile 2 is connected to the fixing ring 4 after the fixing unit is inserted into soil according to the method of the embodiment 1 and the connecting pile 2 is taken out, and the connecting pile 2 is used as the 'edge' of the fixing net structure. The loess slope fixing device can be fixed from the surface and the inside of the loess slope, and the slope protection effect is better.

In addition, the fixing net structure provided by the invention can be further combined and extended to form a large-area network-shaped slope protection device shown in fig. 5, and the grid vertexes of the network shape are all provided with four fixing combinations, see part a of fig. 5, while the grid vertexes of the traditional network-shaped slope protection device are only provided with one fixing point. In the invention, although the fixed net structures are not directly connected, the plant root systems corresponding to the adjacent fixed net structures are mutually interwoven in the growing process of the plants planted by people, and the complexity of the plant root systems and the benefit of water and soil conservation are superior to those of the mechanical fixed structures. Moreover, because a plurality of fixed combinations are arranged on each grid vertex, even if a certain fixed combination is broken, other fixed combinations still have a fixed effect, so the slope protection device and the slope protection method have better fixed effect than a pure mechanical grid structure slope protection device. The space enclosed by the fixed net structure can be used for planting vegetation so as to improve the ecological environment and slope protection.

The connecting pile 2 with the hollow structure is provided with the through grooves, so that the connecting pile 2 is arranged on the surface of the loess slope, and the direction of the through grooves on the connecting pile 2 faces the upstream face, so that if severe weather such as heavy rain, mud-rock flow and the like is met, the hollow part of the connecting pile 2 can receive and guide water, can also receive substances such as mud-rock flow and the like on a landslide, and can slow down erosion of the loess slope by water flow and the landslide speed of the mud-rock flow and the like.

In order to further improve the soil and water conservation effect of the device, the connecting strips 21 detached from the connecting piles 2 are laid along the fixing rings 4 in a ring shape, the connecting strips 21 can be made of sponge or degradable materials with a porous structure, so that after the plants are planted and watered for the first time, the connecting strips 21 have the fixing effect and the water conservation effect on the planted plants, and part of water can be stored in the connecting strips 21 if rainfall occurs in a period after the plants are planted. In the embodiment, the connecting strips 21 are in contact with the connecting piles 2 which are horizontally and vertically laid, water falling into the connecting piles 2 which are vertically laid is mainly drained to the bottom of the side slope under the action of gravity, and the water falling into the connecting piles 2 which are horizontally laid enters the connecting piles 2 which are vertically laid after being drained through the connecting strips 21 and is drained to the bottom of the side slope under the action of gravity.

Preferably, referring to fig. 6, the side wall of the connecting pile 2 opposite to the through groove is detachably connected with the anchoring strip 5, before the connecting pile 2 is not taken out of the soil, the anchoring strip 5 is not installed, after the connecting pile 2 is taken out of the soil, the anchoring strip 5 is installed, the bottom of the anchoring strip 5 is wedge-shaped or inverted cone-shaped, so that the anchoring strip 5 is conveniently inserted into the soil, the connecting pile 2 is firstly inserted into the soil, and then the soil is anchored by connecting the connecting pile 2 between two adjacent fixing rings 4, so that the stability of the connecting pile 2 on the loess slope is increased. Specifically, referring to fig. 7, the anchor strip 5 includes a fixing strip 51 and a hauling rope 52 installed at the top of the fixing strip 51, the outer wall of the connecting pile 2 and the side wall opposite to the through groove are provided with a mounting groove 22, the fixing strip 51 can be matched with the inside of the insertion mounting groove 22, a cushion pad is embedded in the mounting groove 22, the cushion pad is made of a flexible material, the thickness of the cushion pad is the same as that of the mounting groove 22, and under the action of no external pressure, the surface of the cushion pad and the outer wall of the mounting groove 22 form a curved surface. One function of the buffer pad is to maintain the outer surface of the connecting pile 2 flat, and on the other hand, after the fixing strip 51 is inserted into the mounting groove 22, the buffer pad can be extruded and deformed to fill the gap between the mounting groove 22 and the fixing strip 51, so as to enhance the connection tightness between the mounting groove 22 and the fixing strip 51, and the buffer pad also has an anti-buffering function. After the installation groove 22 is connected to the fixing strip 51, the fixing strip 51 is fixed to the connection pile 2 by the pulling rope 52, and the fixing strip 51 is secondarily fixed.

It should be noted that, the connection relation of the components not specifically mentioned in the present invention is the default of the prior art, and the connection relation of the structures is not described in detail since it does not relate to the invention point and is a common application of the prior art.

It should be noted that, when the present invention relates to a numerical range, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, and since the steps and methods adopted are the same as those in the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. The loess slope protection device is characterized by comprising a plurality of fixing units, wherein each fixing unit comprises an anchoring pile (1), an elbow (11), a connecting pile (2), a connecting strip (21), a mesh bag (3) and a fixing ring (4);

the top of the anchoring pile (1) is detachably connected with the hollow connecting pile (2), a plurality of elastic elbows (11) are installed at the top of the anchoring pile (1), the elbows (11) bend towards the outer wall direction of the anchoring pile (1), when the connecting pile (2) is connected with the anchoring pile (1), all the elbows (11) are positioned inside the connecting pile (2), and when the connecting pile (2) is separated from the anchoring pile (1), all the elbows (11) are scattered around the anchoring pile (1);

the lateral wall of connecting pile (2) has still seted up logical groove along the direction of height, it has flexible connecting strip (21) to lead to the inslot detachable to inlay to install, be provided with pocket (3) in connecting pile (2), the top edge of pocket (3) is equipped with solid fixed ring (4), install at the bottom of the bag of pocket (3) anchor pile (1) top.

2. The loess slope protecting device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the anchoring pile (1) is formed in an inverted cone shape or a wedge shape.

3. The loess slope protecting device according to claim 1, wherein the connection piles (2) are screw-coupled to the anchor piles (1), and the height of the screw is 3-5 cm.

4. The loess slope protecting device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the bends (11) are uniformly distributed around the tops of the anchor piles (1).

5. The loess slope protecting device according to claim 1, wherein notches are formed at both side edges of the connecting strip (21), and protruding strips are formed at the edges of the through grooves of the connecting piles (2) to be inserted into the notches.

6. The loess slope protecting device according to claim 1, wherein the anchoring piles (1) have a rough outer surface and the connecting piles (2) have a smooth outer surface.

7. The loess slope protecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a plurality of fixing net structures, each of which is composed of four fixing units, the anchoring piles (1) and the corresponding net bags (3) and the fixing rings (4) are a set of fixing combinations, and one fixing combination is provided at each of four corners of the fixing net structure; the fixing ring (4) is detachably connected with the connecting pile (2).

8. The loess slope protecting device according to claim 7, wherein an anchoring strip (5) is detachably attached to a side wall of the connecting pile (2) opposite to the through groove.

9. A method for slope protection of a loess slope using the apparatus of claim 8, comprising:

the connecting strips (21) on the connecting piles (2) are detached, and the mesh bags (3) are placed in the connecting piles (2);

mounting the connecting pile (2) on top of the anchoring pile (1), and then mounting the connecting strip (21) on the connecting pile (2);

inserting the anchoring pile (1) and the connecting pile (2) into soil of the loess slope;

detaching the connecting pile (2) from the anchoring pile (1), wherein the anchoring pile (1) and the mesh bag (3) are kept in the soil, and the fixing ring (4) is positioned outside the soil;

and planting plants in the mesh bag (3).

10. The method of slope protection of a loess slope according to claim 9, further comprising:

the fixing net structures are installed on the loess side slope, and the fixing net structures are further combined and extended to form a network-shaped slope protection device;

laying the connecting strip (21) detached from the connecting pile (2) in a ring shape along the periphery of the fixing ring (4);

plants are planted in the mesh bag (3) and the space surrounded by the fixed mesh structure.

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