CN113621901B - Cryogenic heat treatment device - Google Patents
Cryogenic heat treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113621901B CN113621901B CN202110910681.5A CN202110910681A CN113621901B CN 113621901 B CN113621901 B CN 113621901B CN 202110910681 A CN202110910681 A CN 202110910681A CN 113621901 B CN113621901 B CN 113621901B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cryogenic heat treatment device, which comprises a cryogenic box body and a high-temperature liquid box body, wherein the cryogenic box body is communicated with the high-temperature liquid box body through a one-way pipeline; the upper cover plate of the cryogenic box is arranged on the cryogenic box body, a liquid nitrogen inlet communicated with the cryogenic box body is arranged at the lower end of the cryogenic box body, a first lifting mechanism, a first liquid level sensor, a first temperature sensor, a first electric heating device and a boosting device are arranged in the cryogenic box body, and the boosting device is arranged towards the one-way pipeline; the high-temperature liquid tank body is provided with a high-temperature liquid tank cover plate and a high-temperature liquid input pipe communicated with the high-temperature liquid tank cover plate, the high-temperature liquid input pipe is connected with the high-temperature liquid generating device, and the high-temperature liquid tank body is internally provided with a second lifting mechanism, a second liquid level sensor, a second temperature sensor, a bottom electric heating device, a side electric heating device and a second lifting mechanism. The invention improves the temperature control range, speed, precision and stability of the equipment, and has important practical value in the field of cryogenic heat treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cryogenic heat treatment, in particular to a cryogenic heat treatment device.
Background
The cryogenic heat treatment is a key material performance regulation and control technology for placing a metal-based material in a low-temperature environment (generally below 130 ℃) for a period of time and then placing the metal-based material in a relatively high-temperature environment. For some materials such as steel, aluminum alloy, aluminum-based composite materials and the like, the precipitation and uniform distribution of a precipitated phase can be promoted through cryogenic heat treatment, and the performances such as the dimensional stability, the strength, the hardness, the toughness and the like of the material are effectively improved. The cryogenic heat treatment also helps to reduce the quenching residual stress of some alloy materials. Therefore, the integral quality of the part can be improved, the service life is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Regarding the cryogenic heat treatment process, the key process parameters include low-temperature environment temperature, low-temperature environment heat preservation time, high-temperature environment temperature, high-temperature environment heat preservation time, environment temperature rise and fall rate and the like, and different process parameter combinations determine the performance of the metal-based part. Therefore, the regulation and control of the process parameters have very important significance.
The cryogenic heat treatment equipment is equipment capable of regulating and controlling the process parameters to cool, heat and preserve the temperature of the metal-based material. Compared with the liquid heat exchange mode, the heating rate of the metal material can only be changed within a certain range by changing the temperature of the high-temperature environment, and the rate is still lower than that of the liquid and other media. Therefore, how to provide the cryogenic heat treatment equipment with high heating rate and good heat treatment effect is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention provides a cryogenic heat treatment device which comprises a cryogenic box body and a high-temperature liquid box body, wherein the upper end of the cryogenic box body is communicated with the high-temperature liquid box body through a one-way pipeline. The invention can improve the temperature control range, speed, precision and stability of the equipment.
(2) Technical scheme
A cryogenic heat treatment apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention includes: the high-temperature liquid tank comprises a cryogenic tank body and a high-temperature liquid tank body, wherein the upper end of the cryogenic tank body is communicated with the high-temperature liquid tank body through a one-way pipeline, and a one-way channel partition plate is arranged in the one-way pipeline; the upper cover plate of the cryogenic box is arranged on the cryogenic box body, a liquid nitrogen inlet communicated with the cryogenic box body is formed in the lower end of the cryogenic box body, a first lifting mechanism, a first liquid level sensor, a first temperature sensor, a first electric heating device and a boosting device are arranged in the cryogenic box body, and the boosting device is arranged towards the one-way pipeline; the high-temperature liquid tank is characterized in that a high-temperature liquid tank cover plate and a high-temperature liquid input pipe communicated with the high-temperature liquid tank are arranged on the high-temperature liquid tank body, the high-temperature liquid input pipe is connected with a high-temperature liquid generating device, and a second lifting mechanism, a second liquid level sensor, a second temperature sensor, a bottom electric heating device, a side electric heating device and a second lifting mechanism are arranged in the high-temperature liquid tank body.
Furthermore, the high-temperature liquid tank body is provided with at least one stirrer, and the stirrer is communicated to the inside of the cavity of the high-temperature liquid tank body.
Further, a first switch valve is arranged between the high-temperature liquid input pipe and the high-temperature liquid generating device.
Furthermore, a first one-way air outlet is also arranged on one side wall of the box body of the cryogenic box, which is close to the upper end.
Furthermore, a second one-way air outlet is further formed in one side wall, close to the upper end, of the high-temperature liquid box body, and a first high-temperature liquid collecting pool is arranged below the second one-way air outlet.
Furthermore, a first lifting supporting plate is arranged on the first lifting mechanism.
Furthermore, a second lifting supporting plate is arranged on the second lifting mechanism.
Further, the lower extreme of high temperature liquid case box is equipped with the drain line of intercommunication its inner chamber, drain line is located the below of the outside one end of high temperature liquid case box is equipped with second high temperature liquid collecting pit, just be equipped with second switching valve on the drain line.
Further, the lifting heights of the first lifting mechanism and the second lifting mechanism are flush with the lower end face of the one-way pipeline.
Further, liquid nitrogen is filled in the deep cooling box body.
(3) Advantageous effects
The invention provides a cryogenic heat treatment device, which ensures that a metal-based material to be treated can be cooled to a target temperature at a certain constant cooling rate and is kept warm by respectively installing a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a lifting device and the like in a cryogenic box body and a high-temperature liquid box body, and meanwhile, a liquid medium can be used in the cryogenic box body and the high-temperature liquid box body for cryogenic heat treatment.
Therefore, the cryogenic heat treatment device provided by the invention can realize precise temperature refrigeration and heating of the metal base material to be treated, shortens the heating time, improves the temperature control range, speed, precision and stability of the equipment, and has important practical value in the field of cryogenic heat treatment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cryogenic heat treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process scheme for cryogenic heat treatment in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the deep cooling/heating apparatus of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a cryogenic heat treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: a boosting device 1, an upper cover plate 2 of a deep cooling box, a first part tray 3, a one-way channel clapboard 4, a stirrer 5, a second part tray 6, a high-temperature liquid box cover plate 7, a high-temperature liquid input pipe 8, a first switch valve 9, a high-temperature liquid generating device 10, a first one-way air outlet 11, a first electric heating device 12, a first lifting mechanism 13, a liquid nitrogen inlet 14, a deep cooling box body 15 and a first liquid level sensor 16, the device comprises a first lifting supporting plate 17, a first temperature sensor 18, liquid nitrogen 19, a high-temperature liquid box body 20, a second temperature sensor 21, a bottom electric heating device 22, a second lifting mechanism 23, a liquid discharge pipeline 24, a second switch valve 25, a second lifting supporting plate 26, a second liquid level sensor 27, a side electric heating device 28, a liquid medium 29, a second one-way air outlet 30, a first high-temperature liquid collecting pool 31 and a second high-temperature liquid collecting pool 32.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, alterations, and improvements in the parts, components, and connections without departing from the spirit of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-4, in conjunction with an embodiment.
The cryogenic heat treatment device of the embodiment of the invention comprises: the cryogenic box comprises a cryogenic box body 15 and a high-temperature liquid box body 20, wherein the upper end of the cryogenic box body 15 is communicated with the high-temperature liquid box body 20 through a one-way pipeline, and a one-way channel partition plate 4 is arranged in the one-way pipeline; the upper cover plate 2 of the cryogenic box is arranged on the cryogenic box body 15, the liquid nitrogen inlet 14 communicated with the cryogenic box body 15 is arranged at the lower end of the cryogenic box body 15, a first lifting mechanism 13, a first liquid level sensor 16, a first temperature sensor 18, a first electric heating device 12 and a boosting device 1 are arranged in the cryogenic box body 15, and the boosting device 1 is arranged towards the one-way pipeline; the high-temperature liquid tank comprises a high-temperature liquid tank body 20, and is characterized in that a high-temperature liquid tank cover plate 7 and a high-temperature liquid input pipe 8 communicated with the high-temperature liquid tank cover plate are arranged on the high-temperature liquid tank body 20, the high-temperature liquid input pipe 8 is connected with a high-temperature liquid generating device 10, and a second lifting mechanism 23, a second liquid level sensor 27, a second temperature sensor 21, a bottom electric heating device 22, a side electric heating device 28 and a second lifting mechanism 23 are arranged in the high-temperature liquid tank body 20.
In the cryogenic heat treatment device according to the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3 to fig. 4, the cryogenic heat treatment device includes a cryogenic tank body 15 and a high temperature liquid tank body 20, the cryogenic tank body 15 and the high temperature liquid tank body 20 are connected by a one-way pipe at an upper end, and when in actual use, a refrigerant (e.g., liquid nitrogen) may be placed in the cryogenic tank body 15, and a high temperature liquid medium (e.g., boiling water, hot oil) at a higher temperature may be placed in the high temperature liquid tank body 20, so that when a relevant metal-based material needs to be subjected to cryogenic heat treatment, the metal-based material may be placed in the cryogenic tank body 15 to be kept at a low temperature, wherein the amount of the refrigerant in the cryogenic tank body 15 may be sensed by the first liquid level sensor 16, and then the refrigerant may be replenished through the liquid nitrogen inlet 14 until reaching a threshold value sensed by the first liquid level sensor 16, and at the same time, the first temperature sensor 18 is arranged in the deep cooling box body 15 and used for sensing the actual temperature of the refrigerant, for example, when the input refrigerant is liquid nitrogen, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is 196 ℃ below zero, but the deep cooling heat treatment generally needs a low-temperature environment below 130 ℃ below zero, therefore, the first temperature sensor 18 can sense the temperature of the refrigerant in real time, the refrigerant is heated by the first electric heating device 12 arranged in the first temperature sensor to enable the temperature of the refrigerant to reach a set value, for example 140 ℃, when the temperature of the refrigerant in the deep cooling box body 15 reaches the set value, the upper cover plate 2 of the deep cooling box can be opened, the metal-based material to be treated is placed on the first lifting mechanism 13, the metal-based material to be treated is sunk into the refrigerant with the adjusted temperature by the first lifting mechanism 13 to be subjected to the low-temperature treatment of the rated low-temperature environment temperature at the specified low-temperature environment heat preservation time, high-temperature treatment is needed after low-temperature treatment, and therefore, the first lifting mechanism 13 can be lifted, so that the metal-based material to be treated rises to the position flush with the boosting device 1 and stops between the boosting device 1 and the one-way pipeline, after the boosting device 1 is triggered, the metal-based material to be treated can be easily pushed to the one-way pipeline, then the one-way channel partition plate 4 is opened, under the continuous pushing of the boosting device 1, the metal-based material to be treated can continuously move into the high-temperature liquid box body 20, and the second lifting mechanism 23 can be lifted at the moment, so that the metal-based material to be treated directly falls onto the second lifting mechanism 23 after leaving the one-way pipeline.
Of course, before the metal-based material to be processed enters the high-temperature liquid tank 20, the high-temperature liquid generator 10 may be turned on to adjust the temperature of the high-temperature liquid medium entering the high-temperature liquid tank 20, for example, the high-temperature liquid generator 10 may be used to adjust the temperature of the liquid water to approximately 100 ℃ or heat the hot oil in the high-temperature liquid generator to 160 ℃, so that when the high-temperature liquid generator 10 adjusts the temperature of the liquid to a high-temperature processing range, the liquid may be input into the high-temperature liquid tank 20 through the high-temperature liquid input pipe 8, thereby facilitating the high-temperature processing of the metal-based material to be processed. Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second lifting mechanism 23 is disposed in the high temperature liquid tank 20, the second lifting mechanism 23 can quickly sink the ultra-low temperature metal-based material to be processed into the high temperature liquid medium for heat treatment, meanwhile, a second liquid level sensor 27 is also arranged in the high-temperature liquid tank body 20, which can well monitor the liquid level of the high-temperature liquid medium in the high-temperature liquid tank body 20, at the moment, the high-temperature liquid generating device 10 discharges a proper amount of high-temperature liquid medium, meanwhile, a second temperature sensor 21 is also arranged in the high-temperature liquid tank body 20, can detect the temperature requirement of different metal-based materials to be processed in real time, and feeds the temperature back to the bottom electric heating device 22 and the side electric heating device 28 for processing, to ensure that the high temperature liquid medium in the high temperature liquid tank 20 is rapidly restored to the preset temperature.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a cryogenic heat treatment apparatus, which respectively installs a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a lifting device, and the like in a cryogenic tank 15 and a high temperature liquid tank 20 to ensure that a metal-based material to be treated can be cooled to a target temperature at a certain constant cooling rate and be kept warm, and meanwhile, a liquid medium can be used in the cryogenic tank 15 and the high temperature liquid tank 20 to perform cryogenic heat treatment, and the heating device provided in cooperation has the advantages of good heat dissipation effect and fast temperature rise speed, and can reduce the temperature rise time of the material when the whole material rises to the target temperature. Therefore, the cryogenic heat treatment device provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize precise temperature refrigeration and heating of the metal-based material to be treated, shortens the heating time, improves the temperature control range, speed, precision and stability of equipment, and has important practical value in the field of cryogenic heat treatment.
Specifically, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature liquid tank 20 is provided with at least one stirrer 5, the stirrer 5 is communicated to the inside of the cavity of the high temperature liquid tank 20, and the stirrer is arranged to uniformly stir the high temperature liquid medium in the high temperature liquid tank 20, so that the temperature of the high temperature liquid medium is more uniform. Referring to fig. 1 and 4, two stirrers 5 may be provided, and of course, the stirrers 5 may be set as needed and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Specifically, according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a first switch valve 9 is further disposed between the high temperature liquid input pipe 8 and the high temperature liquid generating device 10. The first switch valve 9 is arranged to control the high-temperature liquid medium in the high-temperature liquid generating device 10 to be discharged into the high-temperature liquid tank body 20 according to requirements.
Specifically, according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a first one-way air outlet 11 is further provided on a side wall of the deep cooling box body 15 near the upper end. The first one-way air outlet 11 is arranged to make the excess vaporized refrigerant discharged from the first one-way air outlet 11 on the sidewall of the cryogenic box body 15 when the pressure in the cryogenic box body 15 is greater than the outside atmospheric pressure, so as to keep the pressure in the cryogenic box body 15 unchanged.
Specifically, according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a second one-way air outlet 30 is further disposed on a side wall of the high-temperature liquid tank body 20 near the upper end, and a first high-temperature liquid collecting tank 31 is disposed below the second one-way air outlet 30. This is because the high-temperature liquid medium in the high-temperature liquid tank body 20 is discharged from the second one-way exhaust port 30 to the first high-temperature liquid collecting tank 31 for collection after being evaporated.
Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a first lifting support plate 17 is disposed on the first lifting mechanism 13, and the first lifting support plate 17 is disposed to well limit the metal-based material to be processed, so that the metal-based material is more stable and is not easy to fall off.
Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a second lifting support plate 26 is disposed on the second lifting mechanism 23, and the second lifting support plate 26 is disposed to well limit the metal-based material to be processed, so that the metal-based material is more stable and is not easy to fall off.
Specifically, according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, a liquid drainage pipe 24 is disposed at a lower end of the high temperature liquid tank 20 and communicates with an inner cavity of the high temperature liquid tank, a second high temperature liquid collection tank 32 is disposed below the liquid drainage pipe 24 at an end outside the high temperature liquid tank 20, a second switch valve 25 is disposed on the liquid drainage pipe 24, the second high temperature liquid collection tank 32 is configured to collect high temperature liquid medium discharged from the high temperature liquid tank 20, and the liquid drainage pipe 24, the second switch valve 25 and the second high temperature liquid collection tank 32 are configured to serve two purposes: discharging a liquid medium which is instantly cooled by a low-temperature material during a short-time fast heating link, and matching with a high-temperature generating device 10 which inputs liquid at the same time to maintain the temperature of the liquid around the material unchanged and keep a high flow rate; secondly, the liquid in the high-temperature liquid tank body 20 can be completely recovered after the cryogenic heat treatment is finished, and the influence on the environment is avoided.
Specifically, according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the lifting heights of the first lifting mechanism 13 and the second lifting mechanism 23 are flush with the lower end surface of the one-way pipe, so that the metal-based material to be processed can be smoothly moved from the cryogenic tank body 15 to the high-temperature liquid tank body 20. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the cryogenic box body 15 is filled with liquid nitrogen 19, so that the liquid nitrogen 19 can be used as a refrigerant, and the liquid nitrogen 19 used as the refrigerant has the advantages of low cost, no pollution, no flammability and the like.
The following is a description of a specific working principle of the present invention with another specific embodiment.
Fig. 1, 3-4 show an embodiment of the cryogenic heat treatment apparatus of the present invention. The device selects liquid nitrogen 19 as a refrigerant, and has the advantages of low cost, no pollution and no inflammability. However, it should not be understood that the coolant is limited to liquid nitrogen, and other cooling media may be used. In the attached drawing 1, the boosting device 1, the one-way channel partition plate 4, the stirrer 5, the first switch valve 9, the high-temperature liquid generating device 10, the first electric heating device 12, the first lifting mechanism 13, the bottom electric heating device 22, the second lifting mechanism 23, the second switch valve 25, the side electric heating device 28 and the like are all controlled by electromagnetism, and can control the on-off of a pipeline according to feedback signals such as program instructions, temperature, liquid level and the like, so that the technical process of cryogenic heat treatment can be realized, and external air is limited from entering the cryogenic box body 15 or the high-temperature liquid box body 20 through volatilization of liquid nitrogen and high-temperature liquid medium in the technical process.
Because of the process characteristics, heat insulating materials are required to be filled between the inner and outer wallboards of the upper cover plate 2 of the cryogenic box, the box body 15 of the cryogenic box, the cover plate 7 of the high-temperature liquid box and the box body 20 of the high-temperature liquid box, therefore, polyurethane foaming materials are filled between the inner and outer wallboards of the upper cover plate 2 of the cryogenic box and the box body 15 of the cryogenic box, and solid asbestos is filled in interlayers of the cover plate 7 of the high-temperature liquid box and the box body 20 of the high-temperature liquid box which are relatively high in temperature, so that the heat insulating property of the whole equipment is improved.
The first lifting mechanism 13 and the second lifting mechanism 23 arranged in the two boxes in fig. 1 can enable the first lifting support plate 17 and the second lifting support plate 26 to slide up and down along the inner wall of the corresponding box. The metal-based material to be treated is placed in the first part pallet 3.
It can be considered that the metal-based material to be processed in the first part tray 3 on the first lifting supporting plate 17 is driven to move up and down by the first lifting mechanism 13 in the box body 15 of the cryogenic box, the metal-based material to be processed is lowered to be close to the bottom of the box body 15 of the cryogenic box during working, the soaking function of liquid nitrogen 19 can be realized if energy consumption is needed to be saved, and the metal-based material to be processed can be processed at low temperature in the range of below room temperature to-196 ℃ by controlling the opening size of the liquid nitrogen inlet 14 and the first electric heating device 12. When the tops of the first lifting supporting plate 17 and the second lifting supporting plate 26 are moved to the bottom level of the channel between the first lifting supporting plate and the cryogenic box body 15 and the bottom level of the channel between the first lifting supporting plate and the second lifting supporting plate 26 and the bottom level of the channel between the first lifting supporting plate and the high-temperature liquid box body 20, the boosting device 1 can push the first part tray 3 to the second lifting mechanism 23 in the high-temperature liquid box body 20 by controlling the one-way channel partition plate 4 to be opened, and when the second lifting mechanism 23 is lowered to the lower portion of the high-temperature liquid box body 20, the metal-based material to be processed can obtain a high-temperature processing environment.
It should be noted that to avoid the drastic fluctuations in the liquid temperature in the tank when the second part tray 6 enters the high temperature liquid tank body 20, the maximum volume of the metal-based material in the second part tray 6 is 1/20-1/60 of the volume occupied by the high temperature liquid medium.
Taking aviation material particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite/aluminum alloy as an example, the cryogenic heat treatment process comprises the following steps:
1. the upper cover plate 2 of the cryogenic box is opened, the metal-based material to be processed is put into the first part tray 3, and the upper cover plate 2 of the cryogenic box is covered.
2. And opening the first switch valve 9, and injecting the high-temperature liquid medium to be heated in the high-temperature liquid generation device 10 which is not in operation into the high-temperature liquid tank body 20 to enable the horizontal plane of the high-temperature liquid medium to be level with the safety reticle position of the high-temperature liquid tank body 20.
3. Referring to fig. 2, process parameters are set to plan a process route of the cryogenic heat treatment;
4. according to a computer program of the deep cooling box, a first lifting mechanism 13 and a first lifting supporting plate 17 are controlled to drive a first part tray 3 to descend to the bottom of a box body 15 of the deep cooling box, at the moment, a liquid nitrogen inlet 14 is opened, liquid nitrogen 19 starts to flow in to realize temperature reduction in the box body, according to a cooling rate set by the program, the opening size of the liquid nitrogen inlet 14 is controlled through an electromagnetic valve to control the flow of the liquid nitrogen 19, and when the air pressure of the box body 15 of the deep cooling box is greater than the external atmospheric pressure, redundant vaporized nitrogen is discharged from a first one-way exhaust port 11 on the side wall of the deep cooling box;
5. when the first temperature sensor 18 in the cryogenic box body 15 feeds back that the ambient temperature reaches the target value (within the error range of the target value), the program runs to the heat preservation stage, and the timing is started. When the temperature feedback of the first temperature sensor 18 is equal to the target value, the liquid nitrogen inlet 14 is closed, and when the temperature feedback is higher than the target value, the liquid nitrogen inlet 14 is reopened.
6. The bottom electric heating device 22 and the side electric heating device 28 in the high-temperature liquid tank 20 start to heat the liquid medium 29 in the high-temperature liquid tank 20, the high-temperature liquid generator 10 starts to heat the liquid medium 29, the target temperature is the same as the target temperature of the liquid in the high-temperature liquid tank, the two stirrers 5 start to stir to keep the temperature of the liquid uniform, when the temperature of the high-temperature liquid rises and the volatilized vapor reaches a certain pressure, the vapor is discharged from the second one-way exhaust outlet 30 to the first high-temperature liquid collecting tank 31 (since it takes a certain time, for example, 1 hour, to initially heat the room-temperature liquid 29 in the high-temperature liquid tank 20 and the high-temperature liquid emitting device 10 to a target temperature, for example, the time for inputting the deep cooling heat preservation is short, for example, 5 minutes, it may happen that the liquids in the high-temperature liquid tank 20 and the high-temperature generating device 10 start to be heated first, and the materials in the tray of the deep cooling tank do not start to be cooled yet).
7. When the feedback environment temperature of the second temperature sensor 21 below the liquid level in the high-temperature liquid tank 20 reaches the target value (within the target value error range), the high-temperature liquid tank 20 enters a heat preservation stage, the heating amount of the bottom electric heating device 22 and the side electric heating device 28 is determined by the second temperature sensor 21 below the liquid level of the high-temperature liquid tank 20, when the temperature feedback of the second temperature sensor 21 is equal to the target value, the electric heating system stops heating, and when the temperature feedback is lower than the target value, the electric heating system resumes heating.
8. When the timing shows that the heat preservation time of the cryogenic box is about to end after a few minutes, for example, 2min, at the moment, the first switch valve 9 is opened again, high-temperature liquid is input, meanwhile, the second switch valve 25 at the bottom of the box body is opened, the liquid at the bottom of the box body is discharged to the second high-temperature liquid collecting tank 32, and at the moment, the liquid level is still maintained to be basically level at the safe scribed line of the box body 20 of the high-temperature liquid box.
9. When the time for keeping the temperature of the cryogenic box body 15 is displayed by timing, the first lifting mechanism 13, the first lifting supporting plate 17, the second lifting mechanism 23 and the second lifting supporting plate 26 of the cryogenic box body 15 and the high-temperature liquid box body 20 all move to be horizontal to the bottom of the channel between the two boxes. At this moment, the upper cover plate 2 of the deep cooling box is opened (the same air pressure as the outside is maintained), the one-way channel partition plate 4 is opened after 10s, and at this moment, the boosting device 1 pushes the first part tray 3 in the deep cooling box to translate the metal-based material onto the second part tray 6 of the second lifting supporting plate 26. The booster 1 is retracted, the one-way passage partition 4 is closed, and the first one-way air outlet 11 is closed at the same time.
10. The second lifting pallet 26 brings the second part pallet 6, which is filled with the metal-based material to be treated, down to be immersed in the rapidly flowing liquid medium 29. When the second part tray 6 finishes the descending action, the timing is started within 2 minutes, and after the timing is up, the first switch valve 9 and the second switch valve 25 at the bottom of the box body are closed simultaneously. At this time, the bottom heater 22, the side heater 28, and the agitator 5 are continuously operated. The steps in the link enable the metal-based material to be treated to be heated up rapidly in a high-temperature environment. Meanwhile, the liquid nitrogen inlet 14 is closed, and the first electric heating device 12 continues to work, so that the temperature in the cryogenic tank gradually returns to the room temperature and then stops working.
11. When the second temperature sensor 21 feeds back the liquid medium 29 in the tank to reach the target temperature again under the liquid level in the high-temperature liquid tank 20, the high-temperature liquid tank 20 enters the heat preservation stage again, the heating amount of the bottom electric heating device 22 and the side electric heating device 28 is determined by the second temperature sensor 21, when the temperature feedback of the second temperature sensor 21 is equal to the target value, the electric heating system stops heating, and when the temperature feedback is lower than the target value, the electric heating system resumes heating.
12. After the programmed high-temperature liquid tank heat preservation time is over, the second lifting mechanism 23 and the second lifting supporting plate 26 in the high-temperature liquid tank body 20 rise to be horizontal to the bottom of the channel between the two tanks, the high-temperature liquid tank cover plate 7 can be opened, and the processed metal-based material can be taken out. At this time, the operation of the bottom heating unit 22 and the side heating unit 28 is stopped, and the operation of the liquid agitator 5 is also stopped, and the use is completed.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a cryogenic heat treatment apparatus, which respectively installs a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a lifting device, and the like in a cryogenic tank 15 and a high temperature liquid tank 20 to ensure that a metal-based material to be treated can be cooled to a target temperature at a certain constant cooling rate and be kept warm, and meanwhile, a liquid medium can be used in the cryogenic tank 15 and the high temperature liquid tank 20 to perform cryogenic heat treatment, and the heating device provided in cooperation has the advantages of good heat dissipation effect and fast temperature rise speed, and can reduce the temperature rise time of the target temperature.
It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For embodiments of the method, reference is made to the description of the apparatus embodiments in part. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A cryogenic heat treatment apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a cryogenic box body (15) and a high-temperature liquid box body (20), wherein the upper end of the cryogenic box body (15) is communicated with the high-temperature liquid box body (20) through a one-way pipeline, and a one-way channel partition plate (4) is arranged in the one-way pipeline; the deep cooling box is characterized in that a deep cooling box upper cover plate (2) is arranged on the deep cooling box body (15), a liquid nitrogen inlet (14) communicated with the deep cooling box body (15) is formed in the lower end of the deep cooling box body (15), a first lifting mechanism (13), a first liquid level sensor (16), a first temperature sensor (18), a first electric heating device (12) and a boosting device (1) are arranged in the deep cooling box body (15), and the boosting device (1) is arranged towards the one-way pipeline; a high-temperature liquid tank cover plate (7) and a high-temperature liquid input pipe (8) communicated with the high-temperature liquid tank cover plate are arranged on the high-temperature liquid tank body (20), the high-temperature liquid input pipe (8) is connected with a high-temperature liquid generating device (10), and a second lifting mechanism (23), a second liquid level sensor (27), a second temperature sensor (21), a bottom electric heating device (22), a side electric heating device (28) and a second lifting mechanism (23) are arranged in the high-temperature liquid tank body (20);
at least one stirrer (5) is arranged on the high-temperature liquid tank body (20), and the stirrer (5) is communicated to the inside of the cavity of the high-temperature liquid tank body (20);
a first switch valve (9) is also arranged between the high-temperature liquid input pipe (8) and the high-temperature liquid generating device (10).
2. Cryogenic heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterised in that a first one-way air outlet (11) is provided in a side wall of the cryogenic tank body (15) close to the upper end.
3. The cryogenic heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a second one-way air outlet (30) is further provided on a side wall of the high-temperature liquid tank body (20) near the upper end, and a first high-temperature liquid collection tank (31) is provided below the second one-way air outlet (30).
4. Cryogenic heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first lifting mechanism (13) is provided with a first lifting pallet (17).
5. Cryogenic heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that a second lifting pallet (26) is provided on the second lifting mechanism (23).
6. The cryogenic heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the high-temperature liquid tank body (20) is provided with a liquid discharge pipe (24) communicated with the inner cavity of the high-temperature liquid tank body, the liquid discharge pipe (24) is provided with a second high-temperature liquid collecting tank (32) below the end of the high-temperature liquid tank body (20) outside, and the liquid discharge pipe (24) is provided with a second switch valve (25).
7. Cryogenic heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elevation heights of the first elevation mechanism (13) and the second elevation mechanism (23) are flush with the lower end face of the one-way pipe.
8. Cryogenic heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterised in that the cryogenic tank body (15) is filled with liquid nitrogen (19).
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| CN202110910681.5A CN113621901B (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Cryogenic heat treatment device |
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| CN202110910681.5A CN113621901B (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Cryogenic heat treatment device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102925644B (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-02-12 | 太原科技大学 | Vacuum heat treatment and subzero treatment integrated machine |
| KR101673777B1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-11-08 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus for achieving the uniform cryogenic treatment |
| CN105972901B (en) * | 2016-02-27 | 2018-11-09 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Deep cooling box |
| CN108004383A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-05-08 | 江苏石川岛丰东真空技术有限公司 | Method for transformation in reforming unit and workpiece high/low temperature stove in high/low temperature stove |
| CN109536687B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2023-12-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cryogenic treatment equipment and treatment method thereof |
| CN113005267A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-22 | 东莞理工学院 | Variable-rate cryogenic device, cryogenic treatment equipment and method |
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