CN113619772B - Jet-type second grade spout circulation control wing section in coordination - Google Patents
Jet-type second grade spout circulation control wing section in coordination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a collaborative jet flow type secondary nozzle circulation control wing section, which comprises a wing section main body, wherein a jet flow hole is arranged at a negative pressure region at the front edge of an upper wing surface of the wing section main body, a suction hole is arranged at a high pressure region at the rear edge of the upper wing surface, an arc surface is arranged at a flap position at the rear edge of the wing section main body, and a primary nozzle and a secondary nozzle are arranged at the arc surface; a flow control mode of 'equal blowing and sucking' is formed through the jet hole and the air suction hole; the tail edge flap is provided with a primary nozzle and a secondary nozzle to push a boundary layer separation point to move backwards, and simultaneously, the blowing airflow generates a wrapping and carrying effect on outflow, so that the flow around the wing profile generates a large annular quantity, thereby obtaining high lift force; the lift force of the wing profile in the scheme is increased in absolute value, the resistance is reduced, the wall attachment effect is obvious, the stall attack angle is improved, the lift increasing and drag reducing efficiency is greatly improved, and the overall performance is the obvious increase of lift-drag ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation airfoils, in particular to a collaborative jet flow type secondary nozzle circulation control airfoil.
Background
In recent centuries, with the rapid development of aviation industry, aircrafts have been widely used in various fields. For example, in military affairs, the device can be used for reconnaissance monitoring, communication relay, electronic countermeasure and the like; for civil use, the method can be used for geodetic surveying, environmental monitoring and the like; in scientific research, the method can be used for atmospheric research, sampling and monitoring nuclear biochemical pollution areas and the like. Along with the expansion of the application field of the aircraft, people have more and more great demands on the aircraft with simple structure, easy control, high space utilization rate, stable flight and high pneumatic efficiency.
In the traditional aviation technology development, the above aim is achieved by adopting a mechanical lift increasing mode. A series of problems are brought when the high lift of the aircraft is realized. For example, conventional aircraft generate significant noise during takeoff and landing, primarily from the jet engine and the aircraft fuselage. Particularly, in the landing process of a large airplane, the engine is in a slow stop state, and the high lift device is in a working state. American scholars Davy and Remy concluded from a study of a scaled airbus model: mechanical high lift devices and landing gears are the main sources of noise during takeoff/landing of an aircraft, with the high lift mechanisms accounting for the majority of the noise. Conventional high lift devices are typically mechanical high lift and include leading edge slats, trailing edge flaps, and the like. The traditional devices can generate noise to pollute the environment, also can greatly increase the weight of the airplane, increase the control difficulty of the aircraft and have limited high lift effect.
Although the sharp tail edge of the traditional airfoil can generate the circulation and the lift force to a certain extent, the lift force generated by the sharp tail edge is related to the flight attack angle, the airfoil camber and the free inflow condition, and is not easy to control. (mechanical high lift device: complex structure, limited lift coefficient increment) in subsequent technical studies, a cyclic control airfoil profile is proposed for improving the high lift device of an airplane. However, in order to improve the lift force, the blowing speed needs to be increased by the common circulation control wing profile, which greatly consumes energy. Simultaneously, in order to produce higher spout air velocity, need increase the total pressure in the cavity, the efflux of this moment spun will probably take place to block up in spout department, and greatly reduced jet efficiency is unfavorable for the performance control of circulation control wing section.
In summary, the high lift devices used in the wing profiles of the existing aircrafts have some drawbacks, although the lift coefficient is improved to some extent. Therefore, in order to improve the internal detail structure of the aircraft and enable the aircraft to have better aerodynamic performance, the future aircraft needs a high lift technology which can better control the jet flow and further stably control the high lift characteristic.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a synergistic jet flow type secondary nozzle circulation control wing section, which solves the problems that the traditional wing section needs to increase the total pressure in a cavity to obtain higher nozzle airflow speed in order to improve the lift force, so that the sprayed jet flow is likely to be blocked at a nozzle, the air spraying efficiency is greatly reduced, and the performance control of the circulation control wing section is not facilitated.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the cooperative jet flow type two-stage nozzle circulation control wing comprises a wing main body, wherein a jet flow hole is formed in a negative pressure area at the front edge of the upper wing surface of the wing main body and used for injecting gas;
the high-pressure area at the rear edge of the upper wing surface is provided with a suction hole, and the suction hole is used for sucking gas and sending the gas into an internal pipeline of the wing-shaped main body;
the tail edge flap of the wing section main body is provided with an arc surface, the arc surface is provided with a first-stage nozzle, and the first-stage nozzle is used for spraying gas.
Further, the gas flow ejected from the jet hole is the same as the gas flow absorbed by the suction hole.
The basic principle of the scheme is as follows: a jet hole and an air suction hole are respectively arranged at the front edge and the rear edge of the wing section main body, and a primary nozzle is arranged at the tail edge flap of the wing section main body; high-pressure gas is blown out from the jet hole, flows through the upper wing surface of the wing-shaped main body, and sucks equivalent gas into a pipeline in the wing-shaped main body through the air suction hole, and circulates back and forth to keep the air outlet amount equal to the air suction amount; the high-pressure gas blown out from the jet hole accelerates the gas flow of the upper wing surface, so that the upper wing surface of the whole wing section main body can be maintained in a larger low-pressure area, the pressure difference between the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface is increased, the amount of the ring around the wing section is larger, and the more obvious lift increasing effect is achieved; the air suction holes absorb high-speed jet flow from the jet flow holes in an equal amount, so that the speed of the upper wing surface boundary layer fluid is further accelerated in a cooperative jet flow mode of front blowing and rear suction, and the stall separation of the wing profile under a large attack angle can be effectively inhibited. The flow control mode of 'equal blowing and sucking' has high-efficiency performance in the aspects of high lift and drag reduction, and has good effects in the aspects of effectively delaying stall separation and improving the efficiency of controlling the circulation volume.
The tail edge flap is arranged to be an arc surface, when airflow flows through the first nozzle along the upper surface of the wing profile, the airflow can deflect the original angle to flow along the arc surface, the time for separating the airflow from the arc surface is delayed, namely, the stay point moves backwards along the arc surface, and meanwhile, the gas sprayed by the first-stage nozzle generates a coanda effect on the tail edge of the wing profile arc, so that the wing annular quantity is increased, and the pneumatic optimization efficiency of the second-stage annular quantity control device is improved. The coanda effect (wall effect), i.e. the tendency of a fluid to flow away from the original direction of flow, instead following a convex object surface. When high-speed airflow is sprayed out from the first-stage nozzle at the tail edge, according to Newton's third law, when surface friction exists between the fluid and the surface of an object flowing through the fluid, the fluid flows along the surface of the object as long as the curvature is not large, namely, the gas is adsorbed on the arc surface due to the reduction of the gas flow speed, the gas flowing out from the first-stage nozzle obviously moves backwards at the separation point of the arc surface, the ' airflow ring ' at the tail edge is more obvious, the ring amount around the wing profile is obviously increased, and larger lift force can be provided when the incidence angle of an aircraft is zero and when the aircraft patrols and navigates with the incidence angle.
Further, as a specific setting mode of the collaborative jet flow type secondary nozzle circulation control airfoil, the chord length of the airfoil main body is n, the jet flow hole is arranged at 0.1n, and the suction hole is arranged at 0.9 n.
Further, the height of the jet orifice of the jet hole is 0.5mm, and the height of the air suction hole is 0.15mm or 0.2mm or 0.25 mm; the resistance-reducing effect is reduced along with the reduction of the height of the jet flow outlet and the enhancement of the lift-increasing effect in a certain range, and when the jet height is 0.25mm, the increase of the lift coefficient is larger and the change of the reduction of the resistance coefficient is weak compared with the increase of the lift coefficient when the jet height is 0.2mm, so the optimal value of the nozzle height is designed to be 0.25 mm.
Furthermore, the radius of the arc surface is 1mm, a second-stage nozzle used for spraying gas is arranged at a position 0.4mm below the center point of the right side of the arc surface, the second-stage nozzle deflects the free flowing direction of the gas again, and the gas continues to flow along the arc surface until the gas flow is separated from the arc surface. The interaction of the primary nozzle and the secondary nozzle enables gas to form a larger angle between the direction of the gas separated from the cambered surface and the direction of the gas flowing through the primary nozzle, so that the circulation of the wing is increased, the lift force is increased, and the lift-increasing effect is obvious compared with that of a common circulation control wing; the traditional wing profile needs to increase the lift force and reduce the energy consumption, the radian curvature of the upper wing surface is generally increased, so that the whole wing profile is thickened, the air flow rate of the upper wing surface is higher, the air flow rate of the lower wing surface is lower, the pressure difference formed by the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface provides the lift force for the airplane, the primary nozzle and the secondary nozzle are interacted to supplement energy to the boundary layer, the separation point of the boundary layer is pushed to move backwards, meanwhile, the air flow generated by air blowing generates a wrapping and carrying effect on outflow, so that the flow around the wing profile generates a large amount of circulation, the high lift force is obtained, the thickness of the wing profile can be greatly reduced, the weight of the airplane is reduced, and the energy consumption is saved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the wing-shaped main body in the scheme is provided with a jet hole and an air suction hole, and an equivalent blowing and sucking flow control mode is formed through the jet hole and the air suction hole; the tail edge flap is provided with a primary nozzle and a secondary nozzle to push a boundary layer separation point to move backwards, and simultaneously, the blowing airflow generates a wrapping and carrying effect on outflow, so that the flow around the wing profile generates a large annular quantity, thereby obtaining high lift force; the lift force of the wing profile in the scheme is increased in absolute value, the resistance is reduced, the wall attachment effect is obvious, the stall attack angle is improved, the lift increasing and drag reducing efficiency is greatly improved, and the overall performance is the obvious increase of lift-drag ratio.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a synergistic jet flow type secondary nozzle circulation control airfoil.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of a jet hole on an airfoil body.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the suction holes on the airfoil body.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged structural view at the trailing edge flap of the airfoil main body.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an original airfoil.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a single-nozzle airfoil.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a dual nozzle airfoil.
FIG. 8 is a flow field diagram of an original airfoil.
FIG. 9 is a flow field diagram of a single jet airfoil.
FIG. 10 is a flow field diagram of a synergistic jet flow type secondary nozzle circulation control airfoil.
FIG. 11 is a flow field diagram of a dual nozzle airfoil.
FIG. 12 is an aerodynamic trend diagram of a synergistic jet type secondary nozzle circulation control airfoil.
Wherein, 1, an airfoil main body; 2. a jet hole; 3. a suction hole; 4. a circular arc surface; 5. a primary nozzle; 6. and (4) secondary nozzles.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a synergistic jet flow type two-stage nozzle circulation control airfoil, which comprises an airfoil main body 1, wherein a jet hole 2 is arranged at a negative pressure region at the front edge of an upper airfoil surface of the airfoil main body 1, and the jet hole 2 is used for injecting gas;
the high-pressure area at the rear edge of the upper airfoil surface is provided with a suction hole 3, and the suction hole 3 is used for sucking and sending gas into an internal pipeline of the airfoil main body 1;
the tail edge flap of the wing section main body 1 is provided with an arc surface 4, the arc surface 4 is provided with a first-stage nozzle 5, and the first-stage nozzle 5 is used for spraying gas.
As a specific embodiment of the airfoil body 1, the airfoil body 1 is preferably, but not limited to, a supercritical airfoil DLBA-032, and the airfoil can weaken the shock wave intensity of a critical region, reduce the resistance, and reduce the sound barrier effect. The chord length n of the airfoil main body 1 is 1000mm, the jet hole 2 is arranged at the position of 100mm, and the air suction hole 3 is arranged at the position of 900 mm; the height of the jet orifice 2 is 0.5mm, and the height of the air suction orifice 3 is 0.15mm, 0.2mm or 0.25 mm; the resistance-reducing effect is reduced along with the reduction of the height of the jet flow outlet and the enhancement of the lift-increasing effect in a certain range, and when the jet height is 0.25mm, the increase of the lift coefficient is larger and the change of the reduction of the resistance coefficient is weak compared with the increase of the lift coefficient when the jet height is 0.2mm, so the optimal value of the nozzle height is designed to be 0.25 mm.
The gas flow ejected from the jet hole 2 is the same as the gas flow absorbed by the air suction hole 3, high-pressure gas is blown out from the jet hole 2, flows through the upper wing surface of the wing-shaped main body 1, sucks the same amount of gas into a pipeline in the wing-shaped main body 1 through the air suction hole 3, and circulates back and forth to keep the gas outlet amount and the gas suction amount equal; the high-pressure gas blown out from the jet hole 2 accelerates the gas flow of the upper wing surface, so that the upper wing surface of the whole wing section main body 1 can be maintained in a larger low-pressure area, the pressure difference between the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface is increased, and the amount of the ring around the wing section is larger, so that the more obvious lift increasing effect is achieved; the air suction holes 3 equally absorb the high-speed jet flow from the jet flow holes 2, so that the speed of the upper airfoil surface boundary layer fluid is further accelerated in a cooperative jet flow mode of forward blowing and backward suction, and the stall separation of the airfoil under a large attack angle can be effectively inhibited. The flow control mode of 'equal blowing and sucking' has high-efficiency performance in the aspects of high lift and drag reduction, and has good effects in the aspects of effectively delaying stall separation and improving the efficiency of controlling the circulation volume.
The radius of the arc surface 4 at the trailing edge flap of the airfoil main body 1 is 1mm, when airflow flows through the nozzle along the upper surface of the airfoil, the original angle of deflection flows along the arc surface, the time of separating the airflow from the arc surface is delayed, and the stay point moves backwards along the arc surface. Meanwhile, the gas sprayed out of the primary nozzle 5 generates a coanda effect on the airfoil arc-shaped tail edge, so that the wing circulation is increased, and the pneumatic optimization efficiency of the secondary circulation control device is improved. The coanda effect (wall effect), i.e. the tendency of a fluid to flow away from the original direction of flow, instead following a convex object surface. When the high-speed airflow is sprayed out from the first-stage nozzle 5 at the tail edge, according to Newton's third law, when surface friction exists between the fluid and the surface of an object flowing through the fluid, the fluid flows along the surface of the object as long as the curvature is not large, namely, the gas is adsorbed on the arc-shaped surface due to the reduction of the gas flow speed, the gas flowing out from the first-stage nozzle 5 obviously moves backwards at the separation point of the arc-shaped surface, the ' airflow ring ' at the tail edge is more obvious, the ring amount around the wing profile is obviously increased, and larger lift force can be provided when the incidence angle of the aircraft is zero and when the aircraft is cruising with the incidence angle. On the basis, the optimized design is made, a second-stage nozzle 6 used for spraying gas is arranged at the position of 0.4mm below the center point of the right side of the arc surface 4, the gas free flowing direction is deflected again by the second-stage nozzle 6, and the gas continues to flow along the arc surface until the gas flow is separated from the arc surface. The interaction of the primary nozzle 5 and the secondary nozzle 6 enables the gas to form a larger angle between the direction of the gas separated from the cambered surface and the direction of the gas just flowing through the primary nozzle 5, so that the circulation of the wing is increased, the lift force is increased, and the lift-increasing effect is obvious compared with that of a common circulation control wing profile; the traditional wing profile needs to increase the lift force and reduce the energy consumption, the radian curvature of the upper wing surface is generally increased, the whole wing profile is thickened, the air flow rate of the upper wing surface is high, the air flow rate of the lower wing surface is low, the pressure difference formed by the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface provides the lift force for the airplane, the primary nozzle 5 and the secondary nozzle 6 interact with each other to supplement energy for the boundary layer, the separation point of the boundary layer is pushed to move backwards, meanwhile, the blowing airflow generates a wrapping and carrying effect on outflow, and the flow around the wing profile generates large circulation, so that high lift force is obtained, the thickness of the wing profile can be greatly reduced, the weight of the airplane is reduced, and the energy consumption is saved.
The maximum difference between the cooperative jet flow and trailing edge secondary nozzle circulation control wing profile adopted by the invention and the conventional common wing profile is that the upper surface of the wing profile main body 1 is provided with a jet flow hole 2 and an air suction hole 3, the jet flow hole 2 and the air suction hole 3 form an equivalent blowing and sucking flow control mode, the trailing edge flap of the wing profile main body 1 is provided with an arc surface 4, the wing profile is modified into an arc-shaped coanda trailing edge, the coanda effect is generated, and a stepped primary nozzle 5 and a stepped secondary nozzle 6 are arranged. Whereas the upper airfoil surface of a conventional airfoil is flat and the curvature of the upper airfoil surface is relatively large in order to obtain a greater pressure difference. Meanwhile, the trailing edge of the conventional wing is often in a sharp shape. This difference directly results in a change in the aspect ratio of the wing, which in turn results in a change in the wing lift resistance. The coanda surface adopted by the common annular quantity control airfoil profile is provided with a blunt trailing edge, which can cause the increase of the form resistance; meanwhile, the momentum coefficient of the trailing edge can also generate reverse thrust, and the resistance borne by the wing profile is further increased. Therefore, the conventional circulation control wing profile increases the lift force and simultaneously increases the resistance. The synergistic jet flow type secondary circulation control wing profile adopted by the invention replaces a single nozzle with a plurality of nozzles, and the increase of resistance can be greatly reduced on the basis of the common circulation control wing profile.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 5 to 11, in order to verify the above characteristics of the synergistic jet flow type secondary circulation control airfoil, the present embodiment performs flow field analysis on the airfoil by using a numerical simulation method, and adopts a DLBA-032 airfoil, in which an original airfoil, a single-nozzle airfoil, a synergistic jet flow type single-nozzle airfoil, and a dual-nozzle airfoil are respectively set for comparison, specifically as follows:
the letter A in FIGS. 5-11 is the velocity flow direction; the heights of the jet holes 2 of all the wing profiles are unified to be 0.5mm, the 3 degrees of the air suction holes are unified to be 0.25mm, the heights of the spouts at the tail edge flaps of the wing profile main body 1 are unified to be 0.25mm, and the radiuses of the rear edges at the tail edge flaps are unified to be 1 mm; the incoming flow Mach number is 0.716, the Reynolds number is 5.028 multiplied by 106, and the incoming flow incidence angle is 1.342 degrees. When the calculation model is an original airfoil profile, airflow is converged behind the trailing edge of the airfoil profile and flows downstream, the lift coefficient borne by the original airfoil profile is 0.5882, the drag coefficient is 0.01288, and the lift-drag ratio is 45.6677; when the model is a single-nozzle wing profile and the trailing edge blowing coefficient is 0.00252, the lift coefficient borne by the wing profile is 0.71456, the drag coefficient is 0.01413 and the lift-drag ratio is 50.5704; when the model is a collaborative jet type single-nozzle wing profile, the momentum coefficient of blowing and suction of the upper wing surface collaborative jet hole 2 is 0.00148, and the blowing coefficient of the trailing edge is 0.00252, the lift coefficient borne by the wing profile is 0.72919, the resistance coefficient is 0.01371, and the lift-drag ratio is 53.1867; when the model is a double-nozzle wing profile, the blowing coefficient of the first nozzle at the tail edge is 0.00158, and the blowing coefficient of the second nozzle is 0.00094, the lift coefficient borne by the wing profile is 0.66986, the drag coefficient is 0.01286, and the lift-drag ratio is 52.0887.
Through analysis of simulation results, fig. 10 is a flow field diagram of the synergistic jet type single-stage nozzle circulation control airfoil, directional streamlines in the diagram represent the flow direction of airflow around the airfoil, and compared with other airfoils after modification, the streamlines in fig. 10 all flow around the airfoil, the attachment is better, and no flow separation occurs on the surface. In conclusion, the model after being modified can enable the airflow to better flow around the airfoil profile, so that the flow separation of the airflow on the surface of the airfoil profile is delayed, the annular volume around the airfoil profile is increased, and the lift-drag ratio is increased. The arrangement of the front-blowing and back-suction type coordinated jet flow and the two nozzles at the tail edge on the airfoil body 1 enables the stagnation point positions of the front and back tail edges of the airfoil to obviously move downwards, the absolute value of the lift force increase is increased, the resistance is reduced, the wall attachment effect is obvious, the ring volume around the airfoil is increased, the stall attack angle is increased, the integral aerodynamic performance is obviously improved, and the overall performance is obviously increased in lift-drag ratio.
Fig. 12 is a lift resistance variation trend chart of different airfoils, in which an original airfoil, a single-nozzle circulation control airfoil, a synergistic jet flow type single-nozzle airfoil and a dual-nozzle circulation control airfoil are respectively shown. The ordinate is the lift-drag ratio of the important aerodynamic parameter of the airfoil profile, and the abscissa is the blowing momentum coefficient of the nozzle. As can be seen from the figure, the lift-drag ratio of the modified airfoil profile is increased along with the increase of the blowing momentum coefficient. The pneumatic efficiency of the synergistic jet type single-nozzle wing profile is highest between 0 and 0.00235. And with the increase of the blowing coefficient, the double-nozzle annular quantity controls the maximum lift-drag ratio of the airfoil.
Claims (4)
1. A synergistic jet type two-stage nozzle circulation control wing type is characterized by comprising a wing type main body, wherein a jet hole is formed in a negative pressure area at the front edge of an upper wing surface of the wing type main body and used for jetting gas;
the high-pressure area of the rear edge of the upper airfoil surface is provided with a suction hole, and the suction hole is used for sucking gas and sending the gas into an internal pipeline of the airfoil main body;
the tail edge flap of the wing section main body is provided with an arc surface, the arc surface is provided with a primary nozzle, and the primary nozzle is used for spraying gas; the radius of the arc surface is 1mm, and a second-stage nozzle used for spraying gas is arranged at a position 0.4mm below the center point of the right side of the arc surface.
2. The synergistic jet type two-stage orifice ring volume control airfoil of claim 1, wherein the chord length of the airfoil body is n, the jet holes are provided at 0.1n, and the suction holes are provided at 0.9 n.
3. The synergistic jet type secondary nozzle ring amount control airfoil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the nozzle height of the jet hole is 0.5mm, and the height of the suction hole is 0.15mm or 0.2mm or 0.25 mm.
4. The synergistic jet type secondary nozzle ring volume control airfoil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas flow ejected from the jet holes is the same as the gas flow absorbed by the suction holes.
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| US4387869A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1983-06-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Mono-element combined supercritical high lift airfoil |
| CN101323371B (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2010-08-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Lift augmenter with united jet flow structure on wing flap |
| CN104149967B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-05-06 | 西北工业大学 | Low-Reynolds-number airfoil profile with cooperative fluidic control, and control method thereof |
| CN104118557B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-05-06 | 西北工业大学 | Low-Reynolds-number airfoil section with multi-seam synergetic jet flow control and control method |
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