CN106050566B - A kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control device and method - Google Patents
A kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106050566B CN106050566B CN201610551249.0A CN201610551249A CN106050566B CN 106050566 B CN106050566 B CN 106050566B CN 201610551249 A CN201610551249 A CN 201610551249A CN 106050566 B CN106050566 B CN 106050566B
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- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
- F03D1/0641—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades of the section profile of the blades, i.e. aerofoil profile
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control device and methods, are related to active Flow Control technical field.The control device utilizes flow control method, in conjunction with the relative theory of Coanda effect, wind mill airfoil is carried out correction of the flank shape and remodeling is handled；And fluidic device is downloaded to inside pneumatic equipment bladess, it is connected to by spout with outside atmosphere；Spout connects fluidic channel, and fluidic channel connects pulsometer by pipeline.The pneumatic equipment bladess for being loaded with circulation control device being made of the aerofoil profile after retrofiting generate rear jet stream under the action of internal fluidic device.Under the influence of Coanda effect, jet stream will adhere to the flowing of rear curved surface, further influence entire flow field, increase profile flow circular rector, achieve the purpose that lift-rising, to improve the pneumatic efficiency of pneumatic equipment bladess.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to active Flow Control technical field, in particular to a kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control dress
It sets and method.
Background technique
At the initial stage seventies, due to energy shortages, energy problem is increasingly paid attention to by countries in the world.Then it cleans, is renewable
The energy is just at one of research hotspot of energy field.Wherein wind energy is drawn again as pollution-free, reproducible natural energy resources
The attention of people is played.
After decades of development, the scale of wind energy conversion system is increasing, and pneumatic equipment bladess length is also increasing, large-scale wind
The length of power machine blade is even up to more than 50 meters.When length of blade is excessive, the structural strength of blade will become one very
Important problem.In recent years in order to enhance blade construction intensity and aerodynamic characteristic, there is scholar to propose blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil
Concept.The thickness of this kind of aerofoil profile reaches maximum at chord length 25%-40%, about the 30% of chord length, and rear thickness
The 10% or even 20% of chord length can be reached.This kind of aerofoil profile has the characteristics that：(1) structural strength is high, easy to manufacture；(2)
Surface contamination susceptibility is low, i.e., dust, rainwater and bird excrement etc. influence its aerodynamic characteristic smaller；(3) aerodynamic characteristic is good,
Maximum lift coefficient is big, and stalling angle is big.
But at the same time, such blunt trailing edge aerofoil profile can generate body-shedding vortex at rear, and rear thickness is bigger, lift-off vortices breakdown
Also bigger, profile drag coefficient will become larger.
Due to the increase of profile thickness, the promotion of bring lift coefficient is relatively limited, and the increase of resistance coefficient so that
Its overall pneumatic efficiency is undesirable.Then many related researchers begin to use the method passively controlled to this kind of blunt trailing edge
Wind mill airfoil optimize, such as add partition in airfoil trailing edge to weaken intensity of body-shedding vortex etc..But this kind of passive control
The effect of method be not obvious, and this control method be it is preset, be unable to reach under off-design behaviour best
Control effect.
Summary of the invention
It is existing to solve the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control device and method
The problem of technology.
A kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control device, the control device include pulsometer, pipeline, fluidic channel
And spout, the control device are arranged on pneumatic equipment bladess, the wind mill airfoil is the section shape of the pneumatic equipment bladess
There is opposite top airfoil and lower aerofoil and opposite leading edge and rear, the Pipe installing to exist for shape, the wind mill airfoil
Inside the pneumatic equipment bladess, the fluidic channel be provided with inside the pneumatic equipment bladess close to the top airfoil and it is described after
The position of edge, described fluidic channel one end are connected to one end of the pipeline, and the other end of the fluidic channel is the spout,
The notch setting is between the top airfoil and the rear, and the spout is towards the rear, the pipeline it is another
End is connected to the pulsometer, and the rear is one section of circular arc.
Preferably, the 10% of the aerofoil profile chord length with a thickness of the wind mill airfoil of the rear, the aerofoil profile chord length are
The distance between the leading edge and rear.
Preferably, the rear at a distance from the top airfoil be the aerofoil profile chord length 0.5%, the rear with it is described
The distance of lower aerofoil is also the 0.5% of the aerofoil profile chord length.
Preferably, the height of the spout is the 0.2% of the aerofoil profile chord length.
The present invention also provides a kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control method, the method includes：
After carrying out installation early period and debugging efforts, when wind speed is suitble to wind turbine power generation, wind energy conversion system starts routine at this time
Work, spout is in close state, wherein the notch setting is between the top airfoil and rear of wind mill airfoil, the wind-force
Airfoil type is the section shape of pneumatic equipment bladess, and the spout connects with the fluidic channel being provided with inside the pneumatic equipment bladess
Logical, the fluidic channel is located at the position inside the pneumatic equipment bladess close to the top airfoil and the rear, and the spray
Mouth is towards the rear of the wind mill airfoil, and described fluidic channel one end is the spout, and the fluidic channel other end passes through
The pipeline inside the pneumatic equipment bladess is mounted on to be connected to pulsometer；
After the normal operation state of the wind energy conversion system is stablized, the spout and pulsometer are opened, the pulsometer is adjusted
Pressure, so that the nozzle is formed an initial jets, stream field carries out a preliminary control；
After the stable working state of the wind energy conversion system, pass through the air pressure sensing device being mounted on the pneumatic equipment bladess
The angle of attack and speed for measuring incoming flow calculate corresponding setting momentum of impinging jet coefficient according to the angle of attack of the incoming flow and speed；
According to the pressure size of pulsometer described in the setting momentum of impinging jet coefficient adjustment；
The air pressure and air velocity of the nozzle are measured by the air pressure sensing device of the nozzle, calculating is penetrated in real time
Flow coefficient of discharge and with the setting momentum of impinging jet coefficients comparison, obtain corresponding comparison result；
Comparison result is fed back into the pulsometer, if the real-time momentum of impinging jet coefficient is dynamic less than the setting jet stream
Coefficient of discharge tunes up the pressure of the pulsometer；Conversely, the pressure of the pulsometer is turned down, described in the spout
Real-time momentum of impinging jet coefficient is mutually simultaneously stopped test, feedback and regulating step with the setting momentum of impinging jet coefficient, and keeping should
Working condition.
The invention discloses a kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control device and method, the control device utilizes stream
Wind mill airfoil is carried out correction of the flank shape and remodeling is handled by flowing control method in conjunction with the relative theory of Coanda effect；And by fluidic cartridge
It sets and is downloaded to inside pneumatic equipment bladess, be connected to by spout with outside atmosphere；Spout connects fluidic channel, and fluidic channel passes through pipeline
Connect pulsometer.The pneumatic equipment bladess for being loaded with circulation control device being made of the aerofoil profile after retrofiting, in internal fluidic device
Under the action of generate rear jet stream.Under the influence of Coanda effect, jet stream will adhere to the flowing of rear curved surface, further influence whole
A flow field increases profile flow circular rector, achievees the purpose that lift-rising, to improve the pneumatic efficiency of pneumatic equipment bladess.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure figure of the pneumatic equipment bladess with control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of pneumatic equipment bladess in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is pneumatic equipment bladess in Fig. 2 along the sectional structure chart in the direction A-A；
Fig. 4 is the airfoil structure schematic diagram of DU97-W-300；
Fig. 5 is the DU97-W-300-flatback airfoil structure schematic diagram for obtain after correction of the flank shape to aerofoil profile in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is detail view when retrofiting to aerofoil profile in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the airfoil structure schematic diagram in Fig. 6 after airfoil modification；
Fig. 8 is flow field figure of the aerofoil profile when the angle of attack is 10 ° in Fig. 4；
Fig. 9 is flow field figure of the aerofoil profile when the angle of attack is 10 ° in Fig. 5；
Figure 10 is flow field figure of the aerofoil profile when the angle of attack is 10 ° in Fig. 7；
Figure 11 is a kind of step flow chart of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the present invention provides a kind of pneumatic equipment bladess 100 for being loaded with aerofoil profile circulation control device,
The pneumatic equipment bladess 100 include root of blade 110, blade body 112 and the connection root of blade 110 and blade body
112 blade transition section 111, the section shape of the pneumatic equipment bladess 100 are the aerofoil profile 120 of the pneumatic equipment bladess 100, institute
Stating aerofoil profile 120 includes top airfoil 121, lower aerofoil 122, leading edge 123 and rear 124,122 phase of the top airfoil 121 and lower aerofoil
To setting, the leading edge 123 and rear 124 are oppositely arranged, and in 100 inside of pneumatic equipment bladess close to the top airfoil
121 and the position of the rear 124 offer fluidic channel 125, the fluidic channel 125 is by being arranged in the blade body
Pipeline inside 112 is connected to pulsometer, and the fluidic channel 125, pipeline and pulsometer constitute the aerofoil profile ring in the present invention
Amount control device.
The original aerofoil profile 200 shown in Fig. 4 of aerofoil profile 120 obtains after correction of the flank shape and reshaping.The original aerofoil profile
200 be the DU97-W-300 aerofoil profile in TU Delft Polytechnics Special Airfoil of Wind Turbine wind tunnel experiment model in 2003,
The thickness of its prototype rear 210 is smaller.
The correction of the flank shape of the original aerofoil profile 200 is carried out according to following formula：
x1=x0
Wherein, x1、y1It is the correction of the flank shape aerofoil profile 300 that obtains by correction of the flank shape in coordinate system O as shown in Figure 51X1Y1In coordinate,
x0、y0It is the original aerofoil profile 200 in coordinate system O as shown in Figure 40X0Y0In coordinate, δ be correction of the flank shape before and after airfoil trailing edge thickness
Incrementss, c be aerofoil profile chord length, xtFor the abscissa of correction of the flank shape initial position, n is correction of the flank shape index parameters.The correction of the flank shape aerofoil profile
300, i.e. DU97-W-300-flatback are a blunt trailing edge aerofoil profiles, as shown in figure 5, the rear 330 after its correction of the flank shape with a thickness of
The 10% of aerofoil profile chord length c." ± " in formula is the top airfoil 310 after distinguishing correction of the flank shape and the lower aerofoil 320 after correction of the flank shape, when calculating institute
When the coordinate of the top airfoil 310 after stating correction of the flank shape use "+", calculate correction of the flank shape after lower aerofoil 320 coordinate when use "-".
Reference Fig. 6, detail view when to retrofit to the correction of the flank shape aerofoil profile 300, the method for remodeling are：
(1) it the lower section of the top airfoil 310 after the correction of the flank shape and described is repaired respectively near the rear 330 after the correction of the flank shape
Two, top picture of lower aerofoil 320 after shape are parallel respectively with the top airfoil 310 after the correction of the flank shape and the lower aerofoil 320 after correction of the flank shape
And distance is curve m, n (as shown in Figure 6) of the 0.5% of aerofoil profile chord length；
(2) draw between curve m, n while and m, n and the correction of the flank shape after the tangent circle of rear 330, and determine circle
Point of contact E, F, P of rear 330 and circle after heart O and curve m, n, correction of the flank shape；
(3) E, F is crossed to make the vertical line of the top airfoil 310 after the correction of the flank shape and the lower aerofoil after correction of the flank shape 320 respectively and determine to hang down
Sufficient C, D connect CE, DF, it is known that CE=DF=0.5%c；
(4) taking camber line EPF is rear curved surface, and takes a segment length for the 0.2% of aerofoil profile chord length since E on line segment CE
Height of~0.3% line segment as spout, preferably the 0.2% of aerofoil profile chord length, as shown in Fig. 6 middle conductor EH；
(5) in nozzle to the fluidic channel 125 is opened up inside the correction of the flank shape aerofoil profile 300, as shown in Figure 7.
After the aerofoil profile 120 that obtains after remodeling is as shown in fig. 7, the rear curved surface that the camber line EPF is constituted is described
Edge 124, the gap between 121 rear end of top airfoil and the rear 124 are the spout 126, it is seen then that the spout
126 with the perpendicular of the rear 124.
Wherein the fluidic channel 125 connects the pulsometer by the pipeline.Since the pulsometer gives the pipe
Road pressurization, makes in the pipeline air pressure be greater than external atmosphere pressure, and then gas therein will be through the fluidic channel 125 from institute
State the ejection of spout 126.Since the spout 126 is very narrow, when air pressure is larger in the pipeline, gas passes through the spout 126
Speed can be very big, to form high-speed jet.The power of jet stream can indicate that the value of the coefficient is got over momentum of impinging jet coefficient
It is big to indicate that jet intensity is bigger.The momentum of impinging jet coefficient is a nondimensional coefficient, and physical significance is the spout 126
Locate the ratio between the momentum of free incoming flow in front of the mean momentum and aerofoil profile of gas, calculation formula is as follows：
Wherein：CμFor momentum of impinging jet coefficient, h is the height of the spout 126, and w is the spout 126 along blade radial
Length, ρJETFor the density of gas at the spout 126, UJETFor the speed of gas at the spout 126, b is the blade diameter
To length, ρ∞For the density of free incoming flow, U∞For the speed of free incoming flow,For mass flowrate, q is incoming flow dynamic pressure, and S is ginseng
Examine area.High-speed jet is after the spout 126 ejection, and due to Coanda effect, jet stream will adhere to the flowing of rear curved surface, from
And ambient gas is driven to follow jet flow, so that peripheral flow field is changed, profile flow circular rector increases, and lift coefficient is also therewith
Increase.Since the rear 124 is curved surface, the lift-off vortices breakdown at 124 rear of rear will weaken.Along with the work of jet stream
With body-shedding vortex can be dispelled by jet stream, and intensity further weakens.The pressure drag of the aerofoil profile 120 and common blunt trailing edge at this time
Aerofoil profile, which is compared, to be greatly reduced, therefore resistance coefficient also reduces therewith.And jet stream can also generate corresponding propulsive thrust, can offset
A part of resistance.Active control increases the stability and controllability of pneumatic equipment bladess work simultaneously, is conducive to wind power plant
Grid-connected related work.
According to the numerical simulation result of aerofoil profile each in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, as shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 10, in free incoming flow
In the case that the angle of attack is 10 °：The lift coefficient of the original aerofoil profile 200 (i.e. DU97-W-300) is 1.4426, and resistance coefficient is
0.0244；The lift coefficient of the correction of the flank shape aerofoil profile 300 (i.e. DU97-W-300-flatback) is 1.6065, and resistance coefficient is
0.0458；The aerofoil profile 120, the lift coefficient when momentum of impinging jet coefficient is 0.035 are 2.7756, and resistance coefficient is
0.0194。
The position of leading edge stationary point S can reflect the size of each profile flow circular rector indirectly in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 10, i.e.,
Circular rector is bigger more rearward for stationary point position, and the size of circular rector further reflects the size of wing section lift coefficient, the i.e. bigger aerofoil profile of circular rector
Lift coefficient is bigger.
There is separation bubble near the prototype rear 210 in the original aerofoil profile 200, after the prototype rear 210
There is body-shedding vortex appearance in side.After correction of the flank shape, since 330 thickness of rear after the correction of the flank shape becomes larger, rear separates bubble collapse.But it is described
The lift-off vortices breakdown at 330 rear of rear after correction of the flank shape becomes larger, although the thickness for increasing the rear 330 after the correction of the flank shape brings liter
The promotion of power, but since the intensity of body-shedding vortex becomes larger, resistance increases to 0.0458 from 0.0244.For the institute obtained after remodeling
Aerofoil profile 120 is stated, the energy input of very little is only needed, the spout 126 is made to form jet stream, to change profile flow, increases circular rector,
Body-shedding vortex is dispelled, lift coefficient is increased, reaches 1.93 times of the original aerofoil profile 200 and the correction of the flank shape aerofoil profile 300
1.73 again；Reduce resistance coefficient simultaneously, reaches 79.3% and the correction of the flank shape aerofoil profile 300 of the original aerofoil profile 200
42.3%.
It can be seen that jet stream is fairly obvious to the castering action of lift coefficient.There is the aerofoil profile by proposed by the invention
The pneumatic efficiency of the pneumatic equipment bladess of circulation control device has significant improvement than common pneumatic equipment bladess.Moreover, by
Small in the energy of jet stream consumption, controllability is good, therefore can be big by adjusting air pressure in the pipeline under different operating conditions
It is small, so that pneumatic equipment bladess is reached optimal working condition.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control methods, such as scheme
Shown in 11, this method includes：
Step 400, after carrying out installation early period and debugging efforts, when wind power plant reaches corresponding operating condition, i.e.,
When wind speed is suitble to wind turbine power generation, wind energy conversion system starts routine work at this time, that is, is not turned on spout.
Step 410, after the normal operation state of wind energy conversion system is stablized, spout and pulsometer is opened, the pressure of pulsometer is adjusted
Power, makes nozzle form a weaker jet stream, i.e. initial jets, and stream field carries out a preliminary control.
Step 420, after the stable working state in step 410, pass through the air pressure sensing being mounted on pneumatic equipment bladess
Device measures the angle of attack and speed of incoming flow, calculates corresponding setting momentum of impinging jet coefficient according to the angle of attack of incoming flow and speed.
Step 430, according to setting momentum of impinging jet coefficient adjustment pulsometer pressure size.
Step 440, the air pressure and air velocity of nozzle are measured by the air pressure sensing device of nozzle, calculating is penetrated in real time
Flow coefficient of discharge and with setting momentum of impinging jet coefficients comparison, obtain corresponding comparison result.
Step 450, comparison result is fed back into pulsometer.If real-time momentum of impinging jet coefficient is less than setting momentum of impinging jet system
Number, air pressure pump pressure is tuned up；Conversely, air pressure pump pressure is turned down.
Step 460, it repeats step 440 and arrives step 450, until the real-time momentum of impinging jet coefficient and setting momentum of impinging jet of spout
Coefficient is mutually simultaneously stopped a series of tests, feedback and regulating step, and keeps the working condition.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic
Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil circulation control method, which is characterized in that the method includes：
After carrying out installation early period and debugging efforts, when wind speed is suitble to wind turbine power generation, wind energy conversion system starts routine work at this time,
Spout is in close state, wherein the notch setting is between the top airfoil and rear of wind mill airfoil, the wind-force wing
Type is the section shape of pneumatic equipment bladess, and the spout is connected to the fluidic channel being provided with inside the pneumatic equipment bladess, institute
State the position that fluidic channel is located at the close top airfoil and the rear inside the pneumatic equipment bladess, and the spout direction
The rear of the wind mill airfoil, described fluidic channel one end are the spout, and the fluidic channel other end is by being mounted on
Pipeline inside the pneumatic equipment bladess is connected to pulsometer；
After the normal operation state of the wind energy conversion system is stablized, the spout and pulsometer are opened, the pressure of the pulsometer is adjusted
Power, makes the nozzle form an initial jets, and stream field carries out a preliminary control；
After the stable working state of the wind energy conversion system, measured by the air pressure sensing device being mounted on the pneumatic equipment bladess
The angle of attack and speed of incoming flow calculate corresponding setting momentum of impinging jet coefficient according to the angle of attack of the incoming flow and speed；
According to the pressure size of pulsometer described in the setting momentum of impinging jet coefficient adjustment；
It is dynamic to calculate real-time jet stream for the air pressure and air velocity that the nozzle is measured by the air pressure sensing device of the nozzle
Coefficient of discharge and with the setting momentum of impinging jet coefficients comparison, obtain corresponding comparison result；
Comparison result is fed back into the pulsometer, if the real-time momentum of impinging jet coefficient is less than the setting momentum of impinging jet system
Number, the pressure of the pulsometer is tuned up；Conversely, the pressure of the pulsometer is turned down, until the spout it is described in real time
Momentum of impinging jet coefficient is mutually simultaneously stopped test, feedback and regulating step with the setting momentum of impinging jet coefficient, and keeps the work
State.
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| CN108087193B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-12-13 | 江苏金风科技有限公司 | Blade, blade synergistic system and wind generating set |
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