CN113619687B - All-terrain vehicle frame and steering system thereof - Google Patents
All-terrain vehicle frame and steering system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113619687B CN113619687B CN202110617242.5A CN202110617242A CN113619687B CN 113619687 B CN113619687 B CN 113619687B CN 202110617242 A CN202110617242 A CN 202110617242A CN 113619687 B CN113619687 B CN 113619687B
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- transmission shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D23/00—Combined superstructure and frame, i.e. monocoque constructions
- B62D23/005—Combined superstructure and frame, i.e. monocoque constructions with integrated chassis in the whole shell, e.g. meshwork, tubes, or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
- B60F3/00—Amphibious vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling both on land and on water; Land vehicles capable of travelling under water
- B60F3/0007—Arrangement of propulsion or steering means on amphibious vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
- B60F3/00—Amphibious vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling both on land and on water; Land vehicles capable of travelling under water
- B60F3/0061—Amphibious vehicles specially adapted for particular purposes or of a particular type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/046—Controlling the motor
- B62D5/0463—Controlling the motor calculating assisting torque from the motor based on driver input
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/046—Controlling the motor
- B62D5/0466—Controlling the motor for returning the steering wheel to neutral position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
- B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
- B63H11/10—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof
- B63H11/107—Direction control of propulsive fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
- B63H2011/004—Marine propulsion by water jets using the eductor or injector pump principle, e.g. jets with by-pass fluid paths
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an all-terrain vehicle frame and a steering system thereof, wherein the frame has good bulletproof performance; the steering system has good control performance, occupies small space and is convenient for the arrangement of the whole vehicle. The frame comprises a frame bottom assembly, a left frame assembly, a right frame assembly, a frame front assembly, a frame rear assembly, a left auxiliary box assembly, a right auxiliary box assembly and an upper layer vehicle body assembly, and is welded to form a closed boat-shaped structure, and the outer surfaces of the left frame assembly, the right frame assembly, the left auxiliary box assembly, the right auxiliary box assembly, the frame front assembly and the upper layer vehicle body assembly are all covered with bulletproof steel plates. The steering system comprises a water-pushing steering mechanism and a mounting frame which is of an L shape, the water-pushing steering mechanism comprises a water-jet propeller, the water-jet propeller is fixed on a vertical plate of the mounting frame, the water-jet propeller is provided with a flow guide water spray nozzle, the water-pushing steering system further comprises a driving motor, a water-pushing steering box, a transmission shaft and a connecting rod mechanism, the driving motor, the water-pushing steering box, the transmission shaft and the connecting rod mechanism are sequentially connected through power, and an execution end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the flow guide water spray nozzle and used for driving the flow guide water spray nozzle to deflect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of all-terrain vehicles, in particular to an all-terrain vehicle frame and a steering system thereof.
Background
In present all-terrain vehicle frame and steering system design, lack the shellproof design of frame basis, generally through adding temporarily and hanging protection armor, but this can lead to the decline by a wide margin of vehicle payload, produces unpredictable serious consequence even, has also reduced the expansibility of vehicle simultaneously, can't install again and strengthen protective structure, makes all-terrain vehicle receive the restriction in the application in the special type field.
When a ship or a vehicle adopting the water jet propeller runs and turns on water, the deflection of high-speed water flow jetted by the diversion nozzles is changed by a driving mechanism to realize turning. Two types of steering gear have the following problems:
hydraulic transmission: the hydraulic control performance is good, namely, force, speed, position and the like can be controlled at a high response speed. The working performance is easily affected by temperature change, so the high-temperature or polar temperature-sensitive adhesive is not suitable for working at high temperature or polar temperature; the working noise is large, the mass is large, the requirement on the manufacturing precision of elements is high, the price is high, and the maintenance is complex.
Stay cable transmission: the stay cable has good control performance and low price. The cable is ductile, and the life of the cable is shortened as the cable is stretched in long-term use. The structure is loose, the space utilization rate is low, and the whole vehicle arrangement is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a ship-shaped bearing type all-terrain vehicle frame with anti-elasticity performance and a steering system thereof, wherein the anti-elasticity performance of the frame is good; the steering system has the advantages of good control performance, simple structure, light weight, low manufacturing cost, simple maintenance, small occupied space and convenient whole vehicle arrangement.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
an all-terrain vehicle frame characterized by: including frame bottom subassembly, left frame subassembly, right frame subassembly, the anterior subassembly of frame, frame rear portion subassembly, left auxiliary box subassembly, right auxiliary box subassembly, upper automobile body subassembly, frame left side structure is constituteed in left frame subassembly and the welding of left auxiliary box subassembly, and frame right side structure is constituteed in the welding of right frame subassembly and right auxiliary box subassembly, and frame bottom subassembly, frame left side structure, frame right side structure, the anterior subassembly of frame, frame rear portion subassembly and upper automobile body subassembly welding form a confined ship shape structure, the surface of left frame subassembly, right frame subassembly, left auxiliary box subassembly, right auxiliary box subassembly, the anterior subassembly of frame, upper automobile body subassembly has all covered the shellproof steel sheet.
Preferably, the bulletproof steel plate is of an outward-convex shape structure with an inclination angle, and the inclination angle of the bulletproof steel plate on the front frame component is larger than that of the rest bulletproof steel plates.
Preferably, the bulletproof steel plate is of a welded structure, the edge of the bulletproof steel plate is a welding seam part, and the bulletproof steel plate is riveted and installed through a rivet.
A steering system for an all-terrain vehicle includes an all-terrain vehicle frame;
the rear part of the frame bottom assembly is welded with a motor mounting support and an underwater propeller mounting support, the underwater propeller mounting support is provided with an L-shaped safety cavity, the underwater propeller mounting support further comprises a water-jet steering mechanism and an L-shaped mounting frame, the mounting frame is correspondingly mounted on the underwater propeller mounting support, the water-jet steering mechanism comprises a water-jet propeller, the water-jet propeller is fixed on a vertical plate of the mounting frame and is provided with a diversion water spray nozzle, the underwater propeller further comprises a driving motor, a water-jet steering box, a transmission shaft and a connecting rod mechanism which are sequentially connected in a power manner, an execution end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the diversion water spray nozzle and is used for driving the diversion water spray nozzle to deflect, the driving motor and the water-jet steering box are positioned on the inner side of the vertical plate of the mounting frame, the driving motor is fixedly mounted on the motor mounting support, and a through hole for the transmission shaft to pass through and move is formed in the vertical plate of the mounting frame; the connecting rod mechanism comprises a driving rod, a driven rod fixed on the diversion water spray port and a linkage rod hinged with the driving rod and the driven rod respectively, one end of a transmission shaft is hinged with the worm wheel end of the worm wheel and worm rod transmission mechanism through a universal joint, and the other end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the driving rod; the driving motor and the linkage rod are perpendicular to the transmission shaft.
Preferably, the system also comprises a vehicle control unit, a steering wheel sensor, a water push switch, a servo controller, a water push position sensor and a steering mechanism, wherein the steering wheel sensor is arranged on the steering mechanism of the all-terrain vehicle and is used for collecting steering angle information of the steering wheel; the water push position sensor is installed on the water push steering box and used for collecting water push steering angle information, the steering wheel sensor and the water push switch are connected with the vehicle control unit through a low-voltage wire harness, the water push switch is used for outputting a starting signal, the vehicle control unit is used for collecting signals of the steering wheel sensor and the water push switch and controlling output of water push enabling control and water push steering angle demand signals, the vehicle control unit is communicated with the servo controller through a CAN bus, the water push position sensor and the driving motor are connected with the servo controller through the low-voltage wire harness, the servo controller is used for collecting signals of the water push position sensor, receiving the water push enabling and water push steering angle demand signals sent by the vehicle control unit, controlling output of driving motor voltage control signals and reporting current water push steering angle and water push control information to the vehicle control unit.
Preferably, the steering mechanism is shared by the water-driven steering and the vehicle steering, the steering mechanism comprises a steering wheel, a steering gear and a speed reduction box, the steering wheel is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the steering gear, the speed reduction box is provided with a transmission shaft II and a transmission shaft I, the transmission shaft II and the transmission shaft I are in power connection through a speed reduction transmission mechanism, the transmission shaft II is connected with the lower end of the steering gear, a centering torsion spring is sleeved on the transmission shaft I, a steering limiting plate is fixed on the speed reduction box, a poking plate is fixed on the transmission shaft I and corresponds to the steering limiting plate, limiting clamping grooves are respectively arranged on two sides of the poking plate and the steering limiting plate, two feet of the centering torsion spring are respectively clamped in the limiting clamping grooves corresponding to the poking plate and the steering limiting plate, an angle sensor is mounted on the speed reduction box and connected with a vehicle controller and used for transmitting a corner signal of the transmission shaft I to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller is used for controlling a driving motor of the vehicle controller to complete steering.
Preferably, the vehicle control system further comprises a brake-by-wire electronic hydraulic brake assembly, a brake distribution valve, a right steering brake caliper, a brake disc and a left steering brake caliper, wherein the vehicle control unit is respectively connected with the brake distribution valve and the brake-by-wire electronic hydraulic brake assembly, the oil inlet end of the brake distribution valve is connected with the brake-by-wire electronic hydraulic brake assembly through a brake oil pipe, the brake-by-wire electronic hydraulic brake assembly is used for providing braking force, the oil outlet end of the brake distribution valve is respectively connected with the left steering brake caliper and the right steering brake caliper through the brake oil pipe, and the left steering brake caliper and the right steering brake caliper are respectively matched with the brake disc of the corresponding wheel; the vehicle control unit is used for controlling the wire control electronic hydraulic brake assembly and the brake distribution valve, providing different braking forces for the left wheel and the right wheel of the all-terrain vehicle and completing emergency steering.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the whole frame forms a ship-shaped bearing type frame structure with the bulletproof capability on the front side and the two side surfaces and the reinforced front side through the bulletproof appearance, and meets the use requirements in the special field.
The hydraulic and inhaul cable advantages are integrated, and the transmission device for water-driven steering is used for overcoming the defects of the hydraulic and inhaul cables. The steering mechanism can obtain a large transmission ratio, has a compact structure, does not influence normal work by high temperature or polar environment temperature, has stable transmission, low noise, small mass, a self-locking function, low manufacturing cost and the like, and is convenient to arrange in a small space.
The water-thrust steering and the normal steering of the vehicle share the same steering input device, so that the problem of complex water-thrust steering operation is solved; compared with the traditional zipper transmission ratio, the invention solves the problem of complex water push steering device; the invention adopts the water push corner requirement and the closed-loop control of the position of the actual water push corner, has high response speed and high control precision, and solves the problems of difficult steering return to zero and low control precision in the traditional control. The water steering operation is simple, the water pushing steering device is simple, the steering is easy to return to zero, and the control precision is high.
According to the emergency steering mechanism, the emergency steering mechanism is added on the existing electronic control speed difference steering mechanism, when the electronic control speed difference steering cannot work normally, the emergency steering works, the vehicle can be guaranteed to normally lean to the side for parking and waiting for maintenance, and the safety of the whole vehicle is improved. The invention has simple structure, convenient manufacture, low cost and simple signal acquisition and can meet the requirements of various vehicle types. The emergency steering system and the steering system of the vehicle share the same set of steering mechanism, so that the safety is improved, and the operation difficulty of the steering system is not increased.
The invention is provided with a 1: 3 speed reducing box, which can convert the +/-42 degrees of the return torsion spring into +/-126 degrees of the steering wheel, thereby increasing the steering angle of the steering wheel and further increasing the steering precision of the direction. The steering wheel self-aligning force adjusting mechanism is arranged, so that the steering wheel can be prevented from self-aligning too fast, and the operating performance of the steering wheel is improved. The steering wheel can realize large-angle stepless folding, and meets the requirements of drivers with different body types.
Drawings
FIGS. 1-3 are schematic structural views of a vehicle frame;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the frame bottom assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the inner side of the left frame assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the outboard side of the left frame assembly;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the inner side of the left subtank assembly;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the outer side of the left subtank assembly;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the inner side of the right frame assembly;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the outboard side of the right frame assembly;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the inside of the right subtank assembly;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the outer side of the right subtank assembly;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the inboard side of the front frame assembly;
FIG. 14 is a schematic outboard view of the front frame assembly;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the inboard side of the rear frame assembly;
FIG. 16 is a schematic outboard view of the rear frame assembly;
FIGS. 17 and 18 are schematic structural views of the superstructure body assembly;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the structure of the water push-and-turn mechanism;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the structure of the water push steer tank;
FIG. 21 is a control schematic of the water push-steer mechanism;
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of an emergency steering mechanism for an ATV;
FIG. 23 is a schematic structural view of a steering mechanism;
figure 24 is a schematic view of the structure of the reduction box;
fig. 25 is a schematic view of steering wheel angle adjustment.
Reference numerals
In the drawing, 1 is a vehicle lamp mounting support, 2 is a windshield mounting plate, 3 is an anti-roll frame mounting base, 4 is a seat mounting support, 5 is a gun frame mounting support, 6 is a vehicle door limit buffer mounting support, 7 is a front floor mounting beam, 8 is an engine mounting support, 9 is an engine mounting beam, 10 is a vehicle door mounting base, 11 is a hook mounting base, 12 is a lifting fixing ring, 13 is a water discharging device mounting point, 14 is a battery mounting support, 15 is a motor mounting support, 16 is a fuel tank mounting support, 17 is an underwater propeller mounting support, 18 is a rear floor mounting point, 19 is an air conditioner mounting support, 21 is a gear box mounting support, 22 is a bolt mounting base, 23 is a reinforcing plate, 24 is a mooring hook mounting base, 25 is a radiator support mounting support, 26 is a gun frame mounting support, 27 is a handrail tube, 28 is a seat mounting support, 29 is an instrument panel mounting support, 30 is a master cylinder brake mounting support, 31 is a control pedal mounting support, 32 is a vacuum pedal mounting support, 33 is a center control console mounting support, 34 is a console mounting support, 28 is a trailer mounting support assembly, 36 is a trailer mounting support assembly, 40 is a trailer mounting support assembly, and a trailer mounting assembly is a trailer mounting assembly, 40 is a trailer mounting assembly.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-18, the all-terrain vehicle frame is formed by welding a frame bottom assembly, a left frame assembly, a right frame assembly, a frame front assembly, a frame rear assembly, a left auxiliary box assembly, a right auxiliary box assembly and an upper layer vehicle body assembly 8.
The left frame assembly and the left auxiliary box assembly are welded to form a frame left side structure, the right frame assembly and the right auxiliary box assembly are welded to form a frame right side structure, and then the frame bottom assembly, the frame left side structure, the frame right side structure, the frame front portion assembly, the frame rear portion assembly and the upper layer vehicle body assembly are welded to form a closed ship-shaped structure. And the front side and the two sides of the frame are protected by bulletproof steel plates.
The front part of the frame is a cockpit, the upper end of the front part of the cockpit is welded with a windshield mounting plate, the front part of the cockpit is welded with an instrument panel mounting support, a front floor mounting beam and a mounting support are welded on a crossbeam of the lower frame, and the left side and the right side of the crossbeam are provided with vehicle door opening spaces and vehicle door mounting seats.
The middle part of the frame is a power cabin, an engine mounting beam and a mounting support are welded, a power cabin plate mounting support and a radiator bracket mounting support are welded, an air inlet and an air outlet are reserved, and an anti-rollover frame mounting seat is welded.
The rear part of the frame is a passenger compartment, a seat mounting support, a gun rack mounting support and a handrail tube are welded on the rear part of the frame, a rear floor mounting seat is welded on a lower crossbeam and a rear crossbeam, and a trailer connecting seat assembly and a tail lamp mounting seat are welded on the rear part of the frame. The tail end of the passenger cabin is provided with an opening space for passengers to get on and get off the bus and is welded with a water baffle installation support.
The lifting hook mounting seat and the lifting fixing ring are welded at the foremost end of the frame, below the frame, at the rearmost end of the frame and below the frame, and the metal bushing for releasing static electricity is pressed on the lifting hook mounting seat on one side below the rear end of the frame.
The lower part of the rear end of the frame is a space reserved for the jet water flow of the underwater propeller to steer.
The middle of the bottom of the frame is in a shape of inverted U-shaped channel steel penetrating through the front and the back. The two side edges of the bottom of the frame are connected with the left frame component and the right frame component and are in a U-shaped channel steel shape penetrating through the front and the back, a water pumping device mounting support is welded in the channel, and water draining device mounting points are welded at the two ends in the channel.
Preferably, the front side of the frame is designed with an exterior structure with a large inclination angle as a main bullet-facing surface, the left side and the right side of the frame are designed with an exterior structure with a small inclination angle as secondary bullet-facing surfaces, and the rear part of the frame is combined as a non-bullet-facing surface without bullet-proof design.
Preferably, the concentrated welding seam part of the bullet-facing surface is designed into an appearance structure with an inclination angle.
Preferably, the bulletproof steel plates of the bullet-facing high-risk parts are riveted and installed by high-strength rivets.
The frame bottom assembly: the bottom plate is welded with a reinforcing beam or a reinforcing rib and a mounting support of various devices or accessories.
Preferably, the bottom plate is formed by bending and forming a longitudinal beam penetrating through the front and rear direction, the reinforcing beam is a transverse beam penetrating through the left and right direction, and the transverse beam is connected with the upright columns of the left frame assembly and the right frame assembly.
Preferably, the battery mounting support is welded to the front of the frame bottom assembly.
Preferably, an engine mounting support and a motor mounting support are welded on the middle cross beam of the vehicle frame bottom assembly.
Preferably, an oil tank mounting support and an underwater propeller mounting support are welded at the rear part of the frame bottom assembly, a space for jetting water flow by the underwater propeller is reserved at the rear part of the frame bottom assembly, the underwater propeller mounting support area is thickened and reinforced and is welded with the cross beam, and a triangular reinforcing rib is welded at the joint.
Preferably, the bottom plate is provided with an opening for maintenance.
Left frame subassembly: the outer side of the left frame component is provided with a bulletproof steel plate, the inner side of the bulletproof steel plate is welded with a reinforcing rib, a front crossbeam and a rear crossbeam which are communicated, and an upright post which is supported below the crossbeam, and the left frame component is provided with a gear box mounting support.
Preferably, two sides of the gear box mounting support are welded with stand columns.
Preferably, a reinforcing plate is welded at the mounting support of the gear box for local thickening and strengthening.
Preferably, bolt mounting seats capable of limiting positions are welded at bolt mounting holes which are difficult to reach by tools of the gear box mounting support.
Preferably, the joints of the upper end and the lower end of the upright post are welded with triangular reinforcing ribs.
Preferably, the air conditioner regulator mounting support is welded to the inner side of the left frame assembly.
Preferably, the girder is provided with a bottom plate mounting support and a mounting point.
Preferably, the left frame assembly is provided with an opening for service.
The outer side of the left auxiliary box component is provided with a bulletproof steel plate, the inner side of the bulletproof steel plate is welded with a stand column, a reinforcing rib, a mooring hook mounting seat and a mounting support of equipment or accessories, and the edge of the upper part of the left auxiliary box component is welded with a longitudinal beam.
Preferably, a seat mounting support, a gun rack mounting support and a handrail tube are welded on the inner side of the left auxiliary box assembly.
A right frame component: the outer side of the bulletproof steel plate is welded with a reinforcing rib, a front girder and a rear girder which are communicated with each other and an upright post supported below the girders, and the left frame component is provided with a gear box mounting support.
Preferably, the right frame component and the left frame component are bilaterally symmetrical in main structure.
And the right auxiliary box component is provided with a bulletproof steel plate at the outer side, the inner side of the bulletproof steel plate is welded with a stand column, a reinforcing rib and a mounting support of equipment or accessories, and the upper edge of the left auxiliary box component is welded with a longitudinal beam.
Preferably, the right sub-tank assembly is left-right symmetrical to the main structure of the left sub-tank assembly.
The outer side of the front assembly of the frame is provided with a bulletproof steel plate, the inner side of the bulletproof steel plate is welded with a beam, a reinforcing rib and an installation support of equipment or accessories, the left and right sides of the outer side are welded with a vehicle lamp installation support, and the lower part of the outer side is welded with a grounding wire installation support and a fixing clamp.
Preferably, a brake master cylinder mounting support, an operating pedal mounting support, a vacuum air storage tank mounting support, an electronic hydraulic brake system mounting support and a center console mounting support are welded on the middle cross beam on the inner side of the front frame assembly.
Preferably, a transverse reinforcing rib formed by bending is arranged at the lower part of the inner side of the front frame component, and an electronic vacuum pump mounting support and a DCL control box mounting support are welded on the transverse reinforcing rib.
Preferably, an air defense lamp mounting support is welded on the inner side of the frame front component, and a grille type protection component capable of completely shielding the front projection of the light outlet of the air defense lamp and simultaneously irradiating the light of the air defense lamp to the ground in front of the vehicle is welded on the outer side of the frame front component.
Preferably, the instrument panel mounting support is welded on the left and the right of the inner upper part of the front frame component.
Preferably, a reinforcing beam is welded on the inner upper edge of the front frame assembly.
The upper end of the inner side of the rear component of the frame and the bending forming part are welded with cross beams, and vertical columns are welded between the cross beams. The upper part of the rear component of the frame is welded with an interior trim panel mounting seat, a car lamp mounting seat and a car lamp box for accommodating a car lamp. The lower part of the rear component of the frame is welded with a trailer connecting seat component, a rear floor mounting support and a pedal mounting seat.
Preferably, a trailer hitch reinforcement plate is welded to the inside of the trailer hitch assembly.
Preferably, the lower end of the rear frame component is provided with an open space for the underwater propeller.
The upper layer vehicle body component consists of a framework formed by welding beams and upright posts and a bulletproof steel plate riveted on the framework. The front and the left and the right sides of the upper layer vehicle body assembly are all riveted with bulletproof steel plates. The upper end of the front part of the upper layer vehicle body assembly is welded with a windshield mounting seat, two sides of a front cockpit area are provided with a vehicle door opening and a vehicle door mounting seat, and a power cabin area in the middle of the two sides is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet and is welded with an anti-rollover frame mounting seat. The rear passenger compartment area of the upper layer vehicle body component is welded with a seat support and a gun rack support, and the tail end of the upper layer vehicle body component is provided with an opening space for passengers to get on or off the vehicle and is welded with a water baffle installation support.
Preferably, the left and right outer sides of the front part of the upper layer vehicle body assembly are riveted with mounting supports of a vehicle door limiting buffer device.
Preferably, the middle part of the upper layer vehicle body assembly is welded with an air inlet and outlet guide device mounting point.
Preferably, the water baffle mounting support for accommodating the water baffle is welded on the outer side of the rear part of the upper layer vehicle body assembly.
Referring to fig. 19, the water-pushing steering mechanism of the all-terrain vehicle comprises a water-jet propeller, wherein the water-jet propeller is provided with a diversion water jet 304, the diversion water jet 304 is hinged to a water outlet of the water-jet propeller, the water-pushing steering mechanism further comprises a driving motor 301, a water-pushing steering box 302, a transmission shaft 303 and a link mechanism which are in power connection in sequence, and an execution end of the link mechanism is connected with the diversion water jet 304 and used for driving the diversion water jet 304 to deflect.
Referring to fig. 20, the water-driven steering box 302 includes a housing and a worm gear mechanism disposed in the housing, the housing includes a box body and a box cover, and the box body and the box cover are connected together by a bolt. The worm rod end of the worm gear transmission mechanism is connected with the driving motor 301, and the worm wheel end of the worm gear transmission mechanism is connected with the transmission shaft 303. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the shell comprises a box body a and a box cover b, and the box body a and the box cover b are connected together through bolts. After the box is closed, a cavity for accommodating a worm and worm wheel assembly is formed; a transmission assembly X is arranged in the cavity, wherein: the transmission assembly X comprises a worm c and a worm gear shaft assembly Y, wherein the worm c is meshed with a worm wheel d in the worm gear shaft assembly Y in a staggered manner by 90 degrees; the worm wheel shaft component Y comprises a worm wheel d and a worm wheel shaft e which are assembled in an interference mode to form a component.
The link mechanism comprises a driving rod 305, a driven rod 307 fixed on the diversion water jet 304, and a linkage rod 306 hinged with the driving rod 305 and the driven rod 307 respectively, one end of the transmission shaft 303 is hinged with the worm gear end of the worm gear transmission mechanism, and the other end of the transmission shaft 303 is fixedly connected with the driving rod 305. The driving motor 301 and the linkage rod 306 are both perpendicular to the transmission shaft 303.
The working process comprises the following steps:
the power of the driving motor 301 is connected with the worm, the worm drives the worm gear shaft to rotate when the power is input, the worm gear shaft is connected with the water push transmission shaft 303, and the water push transmission shaft 303 is connected with the flow guide nozzle. When the worm rotates forwards, the torque is transmitted to water through the steering box to push the transmission shaft 303, so that the diversion water spray nozzle 304 deflects leftwards. Conversely, pilot water jet 304 deflects to the right. Thereby realizing the steering of the water jet propeller.
Referring to fig. 21, the control method of the water push steering mechanism includes a vehicle control unit, a steering wheel sensor, a water push switch, a servo controller, and a water push position sensor. The steering wheel sensor is arranged on the steering mechanism; the water push switch is arranged on the instrument panel; the water pushes away the position sensor to install on water pushes away the turn box.
The steering wheel sensor and the water push switch are connected with the whole vehicle controller through a low-voltage wire harness; the water pushing position sensor and the driving motor are connected with the servo controller through a low-voltage wire harness; and the vehicle control unit is communicated with the servo controller through a CAN bus.
The vehicle control unit is responsible for completing: collecting steering wheel sensor and water push switch signal, controlling output water push enable control and water push turning angle demand signal.
The servo controller is responsible for completing: collecting water push position sensor signals, receiving water push enabling signals and water push turning angle demand signals issued by a vehicle control unit, and controlling output voltage signals to a driving motor; and simultaneously reporting the turning angle and the water push control information of the current water push.
The water push steering device controls and outputs water push enabling signals and water push turning angle demand signals after the vehicle control unit collects water push switch signals; and after receiving the water pushing enable, the servo controller performs closed-loop control according to the actual water pushing angle converted by the collected water pushing position sensor signal and a water pushing angle demand signal sent by the vehicle control unit, outputs different voltage signals, controls the driving motor to operate, drives the diversion water spraying nozzle to act, achieves the required water pushing angle, and feeds back the actual water pushing angle and the water pushing control information to the vehicle control unit.
The water-push steering and the normal steering of the vehicle share the same steering input device. When the vehicle is driven by water to turn, the vehicle controller is converted into a corresponding water-driven turning angle demand according to a signal of a steering wheel sensor. The corresponding relation between the steering wheel sensor signal and the water push turning angle requirement is as follows:
| steering wheel sensor value (V) | 0.6 | 2.4-2.6 | 4.4 |
| Corresponding corner requirement | -1 | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding water pushCorner demand (degree) | 35 | 0 | -35 |
The position of the actual water pushing corner is fed back through a water pushing position sensor; and a certain idle stroke is reserved for a signal of the water pushing position sensor. The corresponding relation between the water push position sensor signal and the actual water push rotation angle is as follows:
| value of water push position sensor (V) | 0.5 | 2.4-2.6 | 4.5 |
| Actual water push corner requirement (degree) | -45 | 0 | 45 |
When the water pushing control signal received by the servo controller is enabled, the driving motor has no fault, the water pushing sensor has no fault, the water pushing motor does not overflow, and the water pushing control is not overtime, the control signal output of the driving motor is effective when the signals are simultaneously met, otherwise, the control signal output of the driving motor is set to be 0.
When the control signal output of the driving motor is effective, and the difference value between the water push rotating angle requirement and the position of the actual water push rotating angle is larger than a set dead zone, rotating angle closed-loop control is started, the control signal of the driving motor is output, and the driving motor starts to work.
When the water push control signal received by the servo controller is enabled, the driving motor is free of faults, the water push sensor is free of faults, the water push motor is not in overflow, and the required water push turning angle is not changed, when the signals are simultaneously met, timing of water push turning control is started, the water push control overtime fault is output after the timing time exceeds the set time, the control signal of the driving motor is set to be 0, and the driving motor stops working.
Referring to fig. 22-25, the all-terrain vehicle emergency steering mechanism and the steering mechanism are shown, wherein 201, a steering wheel, 202, a steering gear, 203, a gas spring, 204, a universal joint, 205, a reduction box, 206, angle sensors I,207, angle sensors II,401, a steering mechanism, 402, a wire-controlled electronic hydraulic brake assembly, 403, a brake oil pipe, 404, a brake distribution valve, 405, a vehicle control unit, 406, a right steering brake caliper, 407, a brake disc, 408, a left steering brake caliper, 501, a return torsion spring, 502, a toggle plate, 503, a steering limit plate, 504, a box cover, 505, a friction sleeve, 506, a slide block, 507, an adjusting support, 508 butterfly bolt, 509 is a limit column.
An all-terrain vehicle emergency steering mechanism comprises a steering mechanism, a wire control electronic hydraulic brake assembly, a brake oil pipe, a brake distribution valve, a vehicle control unit, a right steering brake caliper, a brake disc and a left steering brake caliper. An angle sensor is arranged on the steering mechanism, the steering wheel rotates to send a steering signal for the angle sensor, and the vehicle control unit is responsible for collecting signals of the angle sensor. After the vehicle control unit receives the signals, the wire control electronic hydraulic brake assembly and the brake distribution valve are controlled, different braking forces are provided for the left wheel and the right wheel through the brake oil pipe, the left steering brake caliper, the right steering brake caliper and the brake disc, and steering is finished.
Wherein: the wire-controlled electronic hydraulic brake assembly provides sufficient braking force for a hydraulic pipeline; the brake distribution valve is a two-way normal-pressure valve which respectively controls the on-off of the left brake pipeline and the right brake pipeline. When the steering wheel turns right, the vehicle control unit controls the drive-by-wire electronic hydraulic brake assembly to work to generate braking force, and the larger the steering angle is, the larger the braking force generated by the drive-by-wire electronic hydraulic brake assembly is. Meanwhile, the valve body of the left path of the brake distribution valve is closed, and the pressure generated by the left path to the left steering brake caliper is blocked; the right-way valve body continues to be kept in a normally open state, the right steering brake caliper generates pressure to brake the right wheel, the rotating speed of the left wheel is larger than that of the right wheel, and right turning is achieved. When the steering wheel is turned left, the left turn is realized in contrast to the right turn control.
The steering mechanism comprises a steering wheel and a steering gear, the steering wheel is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the steering gear, the steering mechanism further comprises a speed reduction box and a vehicle control unit, the speed reduction box is provided with a transmission shaft II and a transmission shaft I, the transmission shaft II and the transmission shaft I are in power connection through the speed reduction transmission mechanism, the transmission shaft II is connected with the lower end of the steering gear, a centering torsion spring is sleeved on the transmission shaft I, a steering limiting plate is fixed on the speed reduction box, a poking plate is fixed on the transmission shaft I and corresponds to the steering limiting plate, limiting clamping grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the poking plate and the steering limiting plate, two feet of the centering torsion spring are respectively clamped in the limiting clamping grooves corresponding to the poking plate and the steering limiting plate, an angle sensor is mounted on the speed reduction box and connected with the vehicle control unit and used for transmitting a corner signal of the transmission shaft I to the vehicle control unit, and the vehicle control unit is used for controlling a driving motor of the vehicle control unit to complete steering.
Steering signals are provided for the whole vehicle through a steering wheel, and angle signals are transmitted to the speed reduction box through the steering gear and the universal joint. An angle sensor I arranged on the speed reducing box transmits signals to the vehicle control unit, and the vehicle control unit controls the motor to realize steering. In addition, an angle sensor II is also arranged on the speed reducing box, and when the angle sensor I fails, the angle sensor II can continuously input a steering signal for the whole vehicle controller.
The speed reducing box is provided with a aligning torsion spring which provides aligning moment for the steering mechanism. Since the torsion spring can only provide a small return angle. The reduction box thus provides a 1 to 3 reduction ratio capable of converting ± 42 ° of the return torsion spring to ± 126 ° of the steering wheel, increasing the steering angle of the steering wheel, thereby increasing the steering accuracy of the steering. In addition, a aligning force adjusting structure is designed on the speed reducing box and consists of a sliding block, an adjusting support, a spring and a butterfly bolt. The sliding block is pressed on the transmission shaft II (a friction sleeve is fixed on the transmission shaft II) through the butterfly bolt and the spring, and the friction force between the sliding block and the transmission shaft is adjusted by the tightness of the butterfly bolt, so that the steering wheel is prevented from automatically returning too fast, and the most appropriate operating force is simulated. Two limiting columns are arranged on the box cover of the reduction box, so that the steering angle of the steering wheel can not exceed +/-126 degrees, and the angle sensor is protected from being damaged.
The steering mechanism is also provided with an air spring, and large-angle adjustment of the steering wheel can be realized. The adjusting mechanism is adjusted by an air spring, and the maximum folding angle is 62 degrees. Can be adjusted freely within the range of 62 degrees.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An all-terrain vehicle steering system, characterized by: comprises an all-terrain vehicle frame; the all-terrain vehicle frame comprises a frame bottom component, a left frame component, a right frame component, a frame front component, a frame rear component, a left auxiliary box component, a right auxiliary box component and an upper layer vehicle body component, wherein the left frame component and the left auxiliary box component are welded to form a frame left side structure, the right frame component and the right auxiliary box component are welded to form a frame right side structure, the frame bottom component, the frame left side structure, the frame right side structure, the frame front component, the frame rear component and the upper layer vehicle body component are welded to form a closed ship-shaped structure, and the outer surfaces of the left frame component, the right frame component, the left auxiliary box component, the right auxiliary box component, the frame front component and the upper layer vehicle body component are covered with bulletproof steel plates;
the rear part of the frame bottom assembly is welded with a motor mounting support and an underwater propeller mounting support, the underwater propeller mounting support is provided with an L-shaped safety cavity, the underwater propeller mounting support further comprises a water-jet steering mechanism and an L-shaped mounting frame, the mounting frame is correspondingly mounted on the underwater propeller mounting support, the water-jet steering mechanism comprises a water-jet propeller, a driving motor, a water-jet steering box, a transmission shaft and a connecting rod mechanism, the driving motor, the water-jet steering box, the transmission shaft and the connecting rod mechanism are sequentially in power connection, the water-jet propeller is fixed on a vertical plate of the mounting frame and provided with a flow guide water spray nozzle, an execution end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the flow guide water spray nozzle and used for driving the flow guide water spray nozzle to deflect, the driving motor and the water-jet steering box are both positioned on the inner side of the vertical plate of the mounting frame, the driving motor is fixedly mounted on the motor mounting support, and a through hole for the transmission shaft to pass and move is arranged on the vertical plate of the mounting frame; the connecting rod mechanism comprises a driving rod, a driven rod fixed on the diversion water spray port and a linkage rod hinged with the driving rod and the driven rod respectively, one end of a transmission shaft is hinged with the worm wheel end of the worm wheel and worm rod transmission mechanism through a universal joint, and the other end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the driving rod; the driving motor and the linkage rod are both vertical to the transmission shaft;
the device comprises a vehicle control unit, a steering wheel sensor, a water push switch, a servo controller, a water push position sensor and a steering mechanism, wherein the steering wheel sensor is arranged on the steering mechanism of the all-terrain vehicle and is used for collecting steering angle information of a steering wheel; the water push position sensor is mounted on the water push steering box and used for collecting water push steering angle information, the steering wheel sensor and the water push switch are connected with the vehicle control unit through a low-voltage wire harness, the water push switch is used for outputting a starting signal, the vehicle control unit is used for collecting signals of the steering wheel sensor and the water push switch and controlling and outputting a water push enabling control signal and a water push steering angle demand signal, the vehicle control unit is communicated with the servo controller through a CAN bus, the water push position sensor and the driving motor are connected with the servo controller through the low-voltage wire harness, the servo controller is used for collecting signals of the water push position sensor, receiving the water push enabling signal and the water push steering angle demand signal sent by the vehicle control unit, controlling and outputting a driving motor voltage control signal, and meanwhile reporting the current water push steering angle and water push control information to the vehicle control unit;
the water-driven steering and vehicle steering common steering mechanism comprises a steering wheel, a steering gear and a speed reducing box, wherein the steering wheel is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the steering gear, the speed reducing box is provided with a transmission shaft II and a transmission shaft I, the transmission shaft II and the transmission shaft I are in power connection through a speed reducing transmission mechanism, the transmission shaft II is connected with the lower end of the steering gear, a centering torsion spring is sleeved on the transmission shaft I, a steering limiting plate is fixed on the speed reducing box, a poking plate is fixed on the transmission shaft I and corresponds to the steering limiting plate, limiting clamping grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the poking plate and the steering limiting plate, two feet of the centering torsion spring are respectively clamped in the limiting clamping grooves corresponding to the poking plate and the steering limiting plate, an angle sensor is mounted on the speed reducing box and connected with a vehicle control unit and used for transmitting a corner signal of the transmission shaft I to the vehicle control unit, and the vehicle control unit is used for controlling a driving motor of the vehicle control unit to complete steering;
the speed reducing box is provided with a aligning force adjusting structure, the aligning force adjusting structure consists of a sliding block, an adjusting support, a spring and a butterfly-shaped bolt, the sliding block is pressed on the transmission shaft II through the butterfly-shaped bolt and the spring, and the friction force between the sliding block and the transmission shaft is adjusted by the tightness of the butterfly-shaped bolt.
2. The steering system for an all-terrain vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that: the bulletproof steel plate is of an outward structure with an outward convex inclination angle, and the inclination angle of the bulletproof steel plate on the front part assembly of the frame is larger than that of the rest bulletproof steel plates.
3. The steering system for an all-terrain vehicle of claim 2, characterized in that: the bulletproof steel plate is of a welded structure, the edge of the bulletproof steel plate is a welding seam part, and the bulletproof steel plate is riveted and installed through rivets.
4. The steering system for an all-terrain vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle control unit is respectively connected with the brake distribution valve and the wire-controlled electronic hydraulic brake assembly, the oil inlet end of the brake distribution valve is connected with the wire-controlled electronic hydraulic brake assembly through a brake oil pipe, the wire-controlled electronic hydraulic brake assembly is used for providing braking force, the oil outlet end of the brake distribution valve is respectively connected with the left steering brake caliper and the right steering brake caliper through the brake oil pipe, and the left steering brake caliper and the right steering brake caliper are respectively matched with the brake discs of corresponding wheels; the vehicle control unit is used for controlling the wire control electronic hydraulic brake assembly and the brake distribution valve, providing different braking forces for the left wheel and the right wheel of the all-terrain vehicle, and completing emergency steering.
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| US6763738B1 (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2004-07-20 | Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. | Electric power steering apparatus |
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