CN113615777A - Compound feed for ground-based RAS (Racing species) bred silver salmon seeds and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Compound feed for ground-based RAS (Racing species) bred silver salmon seeds and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113615777A
CN113615777A CN202110967228.8A CN202110967228A CN113615777A CN 113615777 A CN113615777 A CN 113615777A CN 202110967228 A CN202110967228 A CN 202110967228A CN 113615777 A CN113615777 A CN 113615777A
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bred
seeds
meal
ground
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于海瑞
于乐永
徐从梅
张琴
刘东武
李玲瑶
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Kangyuan Lingxian Jining Technology Co ltd
Kangyuan Lingxian Technology Co ltd
Shandong Kangkerun Ocean Technology Co ltd
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Kangyuan Lingxian Jining Technology Co ltd
Kangyuan Lingxian Technology Co ltd
Shandong Kangkerun Ocean Technology Co ltd
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    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
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    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
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    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
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    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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Abstract

The application discloses a compound feed for breeding silver salmon seeds by land-based RAS and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed comprises the following components: white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, strong flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, gluten meal, alpha-starch and the like. The preparation method comprises the following steps: coarsely pulverizing part of the raw materials, and sieving; weighing and mixing the sieved raw materials according to the formula ratio, and carrying out superfine grinding and sieving; mixing the superfine pulverized solid raw material with fish oil, soybean oil and soybean lecithin oil, adjusting quality and aging, puffing and extruding by a puffing machine to obtain granules, and drying in a dryer; the fish oil and the soybean oil which are the rest of the formula amount are processed by a vacuum post-spraying process. When the method is used, the residual bait and excrement are formed and are not easy to collapse, and the residual bait and excrement can be recovered in time to keep the water quality clean, so that the healthy growth of the silver salmon and the survival rate are effectively promoted, and the method is particularly suitable for breeding silver salmon seeds by continental rise RAS.

Description

Compound feed for ground-based RAS (Racing species) bred silver salmon seeds and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to feed, in particular to compound feed for breeding silver salmon seeds by using continental-based RAS and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Silver salmon, also named silver salmon, belongs to the order herring, salmonidae, genus salmon, and adult silver salmon fish meat is fresh orange red, has good taste, can arouse the appetite of people, is a superior raw material for making raw fish slices and other delicacies, can effectively prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes and other diseases due to the rich unsaturated fatty acid, has the characteristics of high economic value, rich nutrition, delicious meat quality and the like, is the most promising and novel variety with the breeding prospect in cold water fish at present, and has started to be bred and popularized in a large scale in China recently.
In recent years, the development of modern facility fishery featuring land-based RAS breeding mode is rapid, RAS obtains good water quality by using various water treatment devices, and creates an ecological environment suitable for fish growth, so that the purposes of high breeding density and rapid and healthy growth of bred organisms are achieved, the requirement on the breeding water quality is high, and the breeding mode of high-density and concentrated feed often causes residual feed and excrement to be easy to break, further causes water quality deterioration, causes silver salmon to be in a strong stress state, and seriously affects the growth, health and surrounding environment of the silver salmon. Therefore, the compound feed for the salangid fries bred by the land-based RAS and the preparation method thereof are provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment provides a compound feed for salangid fries cultured by land-based RAS and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that feed residues and excrement are easy to break to cause water quality deterioration in the prior art.
According to one aspect of the application, a compound feed for the fingerlings of the ground-based RAS silver salmon comprises the following components: white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, hard flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, wheat gluten, alpha-starch, natural montmorillonite, fish oil, soybean phospholipid oil, a liver and gallbladder protecting agent, an immunopotentiator, compound mineral salt, compound vitamins and ethoxyquin.
Further, the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-40% of white fish meal, 5-13% of expanded soybean protein, 6-10% of strong flour, 5-10% of krill meal, 5-8% of hydrolyzed cod meat protein, 3-5% of squid meal, 3-5% of beer yeast, 3-5% of alpha-starch, 1-2% of wheat gluten, 0.5-1% of natural montmorillonite, 8-12% of fish oil, 3-6% of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5% of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5-2% of liver and gallbladder protecting agent, 1-2% of immunopotentiator, 0.5-1% of compound mineral salt, 0.5-1% of compound vitamin and 0.05-0.1% of ethoxyquin.
Further, the liver and gallbladder protecting agent is compounded by choline chloride, betaine, bile acid, inositol, carnitine, vitamin E and natural astaxanthin, and the weight percentages are respectively as follows: 30% of choline chloride, 20% of betaine, 20% of bile acid, 10% of inositol, 10% of carnitine, 5% of vitamin E and 5% of natural astaxanthin.
Further, the alpha-starch is prepared by gelatinizing raw starch, drying and crushing; the immunopotentiator mainly comprises jerusalem artichoke powder, enteromorpha extract, bacillus subtilis and taurine.
The preparation method of the compound feed for the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) coarsely pulverizing part of the raw materials, and sieving;
(2) weighing and mixing the sieved raw materials according to the formula ratio, and carrying out superfine grinding and sieving;
(3) mixing the superfine pulverized solid raw materials with fish oil, soybean oil and soybean phospholipid oil according to the formula ratio, and performing conditioning and curing by a conditioner;
(4) puffing and extruding by a puffing machine to prepare particles, and drying in a dryer;
(5) and (3) uniformly spraying the liquid on the surfaces of the feed particles by a vacuum post-spraying process on the rest part of the fish oil and the soybean oil in the formula amount.
Further, in the step (1), white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, strong flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, alpha-starch, wheat gluten, natural montmorillonite, a liver and gallbladder protecting agent, an immunopotentiator, compound mineral salt, compound vitamins and ethoxyquin are respectively subjected to coarse crushing.
Further, in the step (2), the coarse grinding and the sieving in the step (1) are weighed according to the formula amount, the materials are weighed and proportioned, the materials are sieved by a 40-mesh sieve during coarse grinding, and are sieved by a 150-mesh sieve during superfine grinding.
Further, the quenching and tempering time of quenching and tempering curing in the step (3) is 2-3min, the quenching and tempering temperature is 100-130 ℃, and the steam pressure is 0.5-0.6 Mpa.
Further, the granules with the grain diameter of 0.5-3.0 mm are extruded and extruded by an expander in the step (4), and the drying temperature in a dryer is 80-100 ℃.
Further, in the step (5), the rest part of the fish oil and the soybean oil in the formula amount are required to be stirred and mixed before spraying, the mixed oil is used as a material during spraying, and the mixture is kept stand for 1-3 hours after spraying, so that the mixed oil can be conveniently permeated, and the mixed oil can be fully fused with the particles.
According to the embodiment of the application, the components are firstly coarsely crushed, weighed in proportion, mixed, subjected to superfine crushing, puffed, dried and sprayed after vacuum, and then the granular silver salmon seed mixed feed is prepared.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process for making an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example one
The feed for the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds comprises the following components: white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, hard flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, wheat gluten, alpha-starch, natural montmorillonite, fish oil, soybean phospholipid oil, a liver and gallbladder protecting agent, an immunopotentiator, compound mineral salt, compound vitamins and ethoxyquin.
The feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30.2% of white fish meal, 12% of expanded soybean protein, 6.2% of strong flour, 10% of krill meal, 5% of hydrolyzed cod meat protein, 5% of squid meal, 5% of beer yeast, 5% of alpha-starch, 2% of wheat gluten, 0.5% of natural montmorillonite, 12% of fish oil, 3% of soybean oil, 0.5% of soybean lecithin oil, 0.5% of liver and gallbladder protecting agent, 2% of immunopotentiator, 0.55% of compound mineral salt, 0.5% of compound vitamin and 0.05% of ethoxyquinoline.
The liver and gallbladder protecting agent is compounded by choline chloride, betaine, bile acid, inositol, carnitine, vitamin E and natural astaxanthin, and the weight percentages are respectively: 30% of choline chloride, 20% of betaine, 20% of bile acid, 10% of inositol, 10% of carnitine, 5% of vitamin E and 5% of natural astaxanthin.
The alpha-starch is prepared by gelatinizing raw starch, drying and crushing; the immunopotentiator mainly comprises jerusalem artichoke powder, enteromorpha extract, bacillus subtilis and taurine.
The contents of the expanded soybean protein, the squid powder and the beer yeast are improved, the digestion and absorption of the protein in the feed are improved, the feed is more stable after being processed inside due to the addition of the alpha-starch and other adhesives, the anti-infection capability of the organism can be enhanced through the immunopotentiator, and the self function of the fish body is improved.
Example two
The feed for the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds comprises the following components: white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, hard flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, wheat gluten, alpha-starch, natural montmorillonite, fish oil, soybean phospholipid oil, a liver and gallbladder protecting agent, an immunopotentiator, compound mineral salt, compound vitamins and ethoxyquin.
The feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35% of white fish meal, 8.5% of expanded soybean protein, 8.1% of strong flour, 8% of krill meal, 6.5% of hydrolyzed cod meat protein, 4% of squid meal, 4% of beer yeast, 4% of alpha-starch, 1.5% of wheat gluten, 0.7% of natural montmorillonite, 10% of fish oil, 4.5% of soybean oil, 1% of soybean lecithin oil, 1.2% of liver and gallbladder protecting agent, 1.5% of immunopotentiator, 0.73% of compound mineral salt, 0.7% of compound vitamin and 0.07% of ethoxyquin.
The liver and gallbladder protecting agent is compounded by choline chloride, betaine, bile acid, inositol, carnitine, vitamin E and natural astaxanthin, and the weight percentages are respectively: 30% of choline chloride, 20% of betaine, 20% of bile acid, 10% of inositol, 10% of carnitine, 5% of vitamin E and 5% of natural astaxanthin.
The alpha-starch is prepared by gelatinizing raw starch, drying and crushing; the immunopotentiator mainly comprises jerusalem artichoke powder, enteromorpha extract, bacillus subtilis and taurine.
By balancing the dosage of each ingredient, the feed can ensure the balance of various nutrient substances such as fat, protein and the like, and simultaneously ensure that the feed is not easy to scatter after being prepared, thereby preventing the feed from polluting the growth environment of the fish body, and further effectively promoting the healthy growth of the silver salmon and improving the survival rate.
EXAMPLE III
The feed for the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds comprises the following components: white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, hard flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, wheat gluten, alpha-starch, natural montmorillonite, fish oil, soybean phospholipid oil, a liver and gallbladder protecting agent, an immunopotentiator, compound mineral salt, compound vitamins and ethoxyquin.
The feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40% of white fish meal, 5.5% of expanded soybean protein, 10% of strong flour, 5% of krill meal, 8% of hydrolyzed cod meat protein, 3% of squid meal, 3% of beer yeast, 3% of alpha-starch, 1% of wheat gluten, 1% of natural montmorillonite, 8% of fish oil, 6% of soybean oil, 1.5% of soybean phospholipid oil, 2% of liver and gallbladder protecting agent, 1% of immunopotentiator, 1% of compound mineral salt, 0.9% of compound vitamin and 0.1% of ethoxyquinoline.
The liver and gallbladder protecting agent is compounded by choline chloride, betaine, bile acid, inositol, carnitine, vitamin E and natural astaxanthin, and the weight percentages are respectively: 30% of choline chloride, 20% of betaine, 20% of bile acid, 10% of inositol, 10% of carnitine, 5% of vitamin E and 5% of natural astaxanthin.
The alpha-starch is prepared by gelatinizing raw starch, drying and crushing; the immunopotentiator mainly comprises jerusalem artichoke powder, enteromorpha extract, bacillus subtilis and taurine.
The preparation method of the compound feed for the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) coarsely pulverizing part of the raw materials, and sieving;
(2) weighing and mixing the sieved raw materials according to the formula ratio, and carrying out superfine grinding and sieving;
(3) mixing the superfine pulverized solid raw materials with fish oil, soybean oil and soybean phospholipid oil according to the formula ratio, and performing conditioning and curing by a conditioner;
(4) puffing and extruding by a puffing machine to prepare particles, and drying in a dryer;
(5) and (3) uniformly spraying the liquid on the surfaces of the feed particles by a vacuum post-spraying process on the rest part of the fish oil and the soybean oil in the formula amount.
In the step (1), white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, strong flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, alpha-starch, wheat gluten, natural montmorillonite, a liver and gallbladder protecting agent, an immunopotentiator, compound mineral salt, compound vitamins and ethoxyquin are respectively subjected to coarse crushing.
And (2) coarsely crushing and sieving in the step (1), weighing and proportioning according to the formula amount, sieving by a 40-mesh sieve during coarse crushing, and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve during ultrafine crushing.
The quenching and tempering time of quenching and tempering curing in the step (3) is 2.5min, the quenching and tempering temperature is 120 ℃, and the steam pressure is 0.55 Mpa.
And (4) puffing and extruding the mixture by a puffing machine to obtain granules with the grain diameter of 0.5-3.0 mm, wherein the drying temperature in the drying machine is 90 ℃.
And (5) before spraying, stirring and mixing the rest part of the fish oil and the soybean oil according to the formula amount, taking the mixed oil as a material during spraying, standing for 2 hours after spraying, and facilitating the penetration of the mixed oil so that the mixed oil is fully fused with the particles.
The digestion and absorption of protein are improved by optimizing protein raw materials, the adhesive is added to avoid the dispersion of residual bait and excrement, and the water quality can be kept clean; the liver and gallbladder protecting agent and the immunopotentiator are added, so that the healthy growth of the silver salmon is effectively promoted, and the survival rate is improved.
The preparation methods of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment are the same.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A compound feed for ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following components: white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, hard flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, wheat gluten, alpha-starch, natural montmorillonite, fish oil, soybean phospholipid oil, a liver and gallbladder protecting agent, an immunopotentiator, compound mineral salt, compound vitamins and ethoxyquin.
2. The compound feed for ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-40% of white fish meal, 5-13% of expanded soybean protein, 6-10% of strong flour, 5-10% of krill meal, 5-8% of hydrolyzed cod meat protein, 3-5% of squid meal, 3-5% of beer yeast, 3-5% of alpha-starch, 1-2% of wheat gluten, 0.5-1% of natural montmorillonite, 8-12% of fish oil, 3-6% of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5% of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5-2% of liver and gallbladder protecting agent, 1-2% of immunopotentiator, 0.5-1% of compound mineral salt, 0.5-1% of compound vitamin and 0.05-0.1% of ethoxyquin.
3. The compound feed for ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liver and gallbladder protecting agent is compounded by choline chloride, betaine, bile acid, inositol, carnitine, vitamin E and natural astaxanthin, and the weight percentages are respectively: 30% of choline chloride, 20% of betaine, 20% of bile acid, 10% of inositol, 10% of carnitine, 5% of vitamin E and 5% of natural astaxanthin.
4. The compound feed for ground-based RAS bred silver salmon seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the alpha-starch is prepared by gelatinizing raw starch, drying and crushing, and the main raw materials of the immunopotentiator are jerusalem artichoke powder, enteromorpha extract, bacillus subtilis and taurine.
5. The method for preparing the compound feed for the seeds of the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) coarsely pulverizing part of the raw materials, and sieving;
(2) weighing and mixing the sieved raw materials according to the formula ratio, and carrying out superfine grinding and sieving;
(3) mixing the superfine pulverized solid raw materials with fish oil, soybean oil and soybean phospholipid oil according to the formula ratio, and performing conditioning and curing by a conditioner;
(4) puffing and extruding by a puffing machine to prepare particles, and drying in a dryer;
(5) and (3) uniformly spraying the liquid on the surfaces of the feed particles by a vacuum post-spraying process on the rest part of the fish oil and the soybean oil in the formula amount.
6. The method for preparing the compound feed for the seeds of the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), white fish meal, expanded soybean protein, strong flour, krill meal, hydrolyzed cod meat protein, squid meal, beer yeast, alpha-starch, wheat gluten, natural montmorillonite, a liver and gallbladder protecting agent, an immunopotentiator, compound mineral salt, compound vitamins and ethoxyquin are respectively subjected to coarse crushing.
7. The method for preparing the compound feed for the seeds of the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: and (2) coarsely crushing and sieving in the step (1), weighing and proportioning according to the formula amount, sieving by a 40-mesh sieve during coarse crushing, and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve during ultrafine crushing.
8. The method for preparing the compound feed for the seeds of the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the quenching and tempering time of quenching, tempering and curing in the step (3) is 2-3min, the quenching and tempering temperature is 100-130 ℃, and the steam pressure is 0.5-0.6 Mpa.
9. The method for preparing the compound feed for the seeds of the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: and (4) puffing and extruding the mixture by a puffing machine to obtain granules with the grain diameter of 0.5-3.0 mm, wherein the drying temperature in the drying machine is 80-100 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the compound feed for the seeds of the ground-based RAS bred silver salmon according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: and (5) before spraying, stirring and mixing the rest part of the fish oil and the soybean oil according to the formula amount, taking the mixed oil as a material during spraying, standing for 1-3h after spraying, and facilitating the penetration of the mixed oil so as to enable the mixed oil to be fully fused with the particles.
CN202110967228.8A 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 Compound feed for ground-based RAS (Racing species) bred silver salmon seeds and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN113615777A (en)

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Application publication date: 20211109