CN113614428B - 流体机械阀 - Google Patents

流体机械阀 Download PDF

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CN113614428B
CN113614428B CN202080023045.4A CN202080023045A CN113614428B CN 113614428 B CN113614428 B CN 113614428B CN 202080023045 A CN202080023045 A CN 202080023045A CN 113614428 B CN113614428 B CN 113614428B
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valve
valve body
fluid
valve stem
outlet
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CN113614428A (zh
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恩里克·冈萨雷斯·利亚纳
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En LikeGangsaleisiLiyana
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/04—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having cylindrical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0421—Fixed plug and turning sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/04—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having cylindrical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0407—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having cylindrical surfaces; Packings therefor with particular plug arrangements, e.g. particular shape or built-in means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/08—Details
    • F16K5/12—Arrangements for modifying the way in which the rate of flow varies during the actuation of the valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/22—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution
    • F16K3/24—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members
    • F16K3/26—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member
    • F16K3/262—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member with a transverse bore in the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/04—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having cylindrical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0435—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having cylindrical surfaces; Packings therefor the angle the spindle makes with the housing being other than 90 degrees
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/04—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having cylindrical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0442—Spindles and actuating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/24—Valve details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05002—Measuring CO2 content in flue gas

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种流体机械阀，包括阀体(1)，其具有入口(11)、出口(12)和用于连通所述入口和出口(11、12)的内部通道(13)；以及阀杆(2)，其具有容纳在具有旋转能力的所述阀体的所述内部通道中的端部，其中所述阀杆(2)包括圆柱形管段(21)，所述圆柱形管段具有内腔(23)，用于在所述阀的打开位置循环流体，径向窗口(24)永久连通所述内腔(23)具有所述阀体(1)的所述入口(11)、不同截面的径向流体出口(25a‑25e)和关闭部分(26)的所述阀杆(2)，所述关闭部分(26)在所述阀杆(2)的特定角度位置面向所述阀体(1)的所述出口(12)，从而关闭所述流体通道。

Description

流体机械阀
技术领域
本发明适用于有关用于打开、关闭和调节流体流动的阀的制造领域，更具体地说，适用于用于供应液体或气体流体的机械调节阀的制造领域。
背景技术
目前已知用于调节流体流动的不同阀。
具体而言，在国际申请WO 2011/009793中，公开了一种由多个具有不同尺寸钻孔的板组成的阀，用于使气体流体通过，从而产生气体出口的调节。
这种阀的缺点是机械复杂度高。
专利ES 2 552 586 A1公开了一种用于滚刀的气体调节阀，所述滚刀具有安装在阀壳中的阀体，具有从关闭位置到打开位置沿预定方向旋转的能力，其中阀体可继续沿预定旋转方向从打开位置旋转到低火焰位置，其中通过阀的气流可连续调节，将阀体从打开位置旋转到低火焰位置。
在这种类型的阀中，流体调节实际上是通过旋转阀体直观地完成的，但其没有阀提供预定流体流动的预定打开位置。
文件US 5 009 393公开了一种用于气体燃料的线性调低计量阀，所述计量阀包括一个阀体，所述阀体具有一个截锥阀室，所述截锥阀室接收可旋转的阀塞，并且在与控制轴相对的一端包括一个径向入口和一个轴向出口。在这种情况下，通过阀的气体通道由细长孔确定，所述孔允许随着控制轴的旋转而线性增加气体流量。
与现有技术一样，所述阀没有确定的打开位置，在所述位置可以供应预定的流体流动。
市场上的机械调节阀的缺点是，不允许通过主轴的旋转来完全调节阀，主轴移动内部调节器，控制供应的流体流动。这是因为位于主轴上的工件是圆锥形的。
发明内容
本发明的目的——流体机械阀具有旨在在预定阀打开位置供应预定流体流动的构造性特殊性，从而通过选择确定的位置允许受控流量供应，而不是线性开启，并且没有当前阀允许的特定流量控制。
本发明的阀还具有旨在允许入口阀从关闭位置直接通过至最大打开位置或最小打开位置的特征，而无需通过任何中间打开位置。
本发明的另一个目的是通过避免使用圆锥形空腔和塞子来简化其结构。
本发明的另一个目的是允许提供可通过阀打开位置选择的预定流量，使其成为特别适合不同用途的阀，例如：一般工业用途、实验室精密仪器中的流量调节、低压微调节中的精确调节、水龙头、气动或液压设备、大型流体分配管线、调节燃烧器的工业气体供应、调节用于焊接或医药产品的气瓶或其它消费设备。
因此，所述阀的一个突出优点是，其允许通过纯机械解决方案在每个打开位置进行精确和重复调节，而不需要电子控制来实现精确和重复的流量调节。
本发明的目的——用于流体的机械阀，包括具有流体入口、流体出口和用于所述入口和出口连通的圆柱形内通道的阀体，以及阀杆，其具有容纳在所述阀的内部通道中的端部，所述端部具有在以下两者之间旋转的能力：允许在所述入口和所述出口之间形成流体通道的打开位置，以及阻止所述流体通道的关闭位置。
为了实现上述目标，阀杆包括中空管段，所述管段紧密封装在阀体的内部通道中，具有旋转能力。
所述管段包括：内腔，用于在阀的打开位置循环流体，并与阀体的流体入口保持永久连通；不同截面的径向流体出口，圆周分布在管段中，并与阀杆的不同开口位置相对应，形成增加截面的径向端口对齐，适合在阀杆的连续角度位置面向阀体的出口，以及提供不同的流体流和闭合部分，在所述杆的确定角位置面向所述流体出口，闭合所述流体通道。
通过旋转阀杆并将其定位在不同的打开位置，相应的径向流体出口朝向阀体的出口，从而实现由相应端口压力确定的流体流动通道。
阀体内通道和阀杆空心管段的圆柱形结构大大简化了阀的制造及其成本。
本发明的另一相关特征是，阀杆管段的闭合部分布置在阀杆管段的较大和较小部分的两个径向端口之间，所述阀杆能够在两个相反方向上旋转，这样，所述阀杆可以通过有限的角位移直接从阀的关闭位置移动到阀的最大、开启或最小打开位置，而无需通过任何其它中间打开位置。
根据本发明，阀杆的内腔包括径向窗口，这些径向窗口位于阀杆的空心管段中，呈圆形布置，并在径向流体出口对齐的轴向上隔开，以保持其与阀体的流体入口永久连通。
这些径向窗口的尺寸应确保，无论阀杆的旋转位置如何，其都能保持阀流体入口与阀杆圆柱形阀体的内腔永久连通。
值得一提的是，可以手动或电动方式旋转阀杆，使其处于任何打开位置或关闭位置。
附图说明
为了补充正在进行的描述，并且为了便于理解本发明的特征，本描述附有一组附图，其中，通过非限制性示例，表示了以下内容：
-图1所示为根据本发明的机械流体阀示例性实施例的正面示意图，由垂直面剖切，阀杆处于关闭位置。
-图2显示了与前一个类似的视图，其中阀杆位于其中一个打开位置。
-图3对应于图1中标记的平面A-A所示的上图中阀的截面。
-图4显示了阀在不同打开位置提供的不同流量图，由相应端口的参考表示。
具体实施方式
在附图所示的示例性实施例中，阀包括主体(1)，主体(1)具有入口(11)、出口(12)和圆柱形结构的内部通道(13)，用于入口(11)和出口(12)之间的连通。
所述阀包括阀杆(2)，所述阀杆(2)具有一个管段(21)，所述管段(21)位于阀体(1)的内部通道(13)内，具有在两个相反方向上旋转的能力，且不具有轴向位移的能力，阀杆的另一端(22)从阀体(1)中伸出用于其旋转驱动和在关闭位置或各种阀打开位置的布置。
主体(1)的入口(11)和出口(12)与主体(1)的内部通道(13)轴向隔开，并且在本实施例中，在直径上相对。
阀杆(2)的管段(21)具有内腔，用于在阀处于打开位置时进行流体循环。
阀杆(2)的管段(21)包括径向窗口(24)，所述径向窗口将阀杆(2)的内腔(23)与阀体(1)的入口(11)永久连通。
阀杆的管段(21)还具有不同截面的径向端口(25a、25b、25c、25d、25e)，这些端口沿圆周分布在阀杆的管段(21)中，并按截面排列，如图3所示。
所述径向端口(25a-25e)形成对准，并以一定角度隔开，以定义连续的打开位置，其中其分别面对阀体(1)的流体出口(12)。
阀杆的管段(21)在较大和较小截面的端口(25a-25e)之间具有连续的关闭部分，其在阀杆(2)的确定角位置(具体如图1和图3所示)面对流体出口，阀关闭流体通道。
如上所述，从图3所示的关闭位置开始，沿一个或另一个方向旋转阀杆(2)，使阀从最大打开位置(当面对带有阀体出口(12)的较大截面的径向端口(25e)时)移动到最小打开位置即可，当与阀体(1)的出口(12a)面对较小截面的径向端口(25a)时。
如图1和图2所示，阀体(1)的入口(11)和阀杆(2)的管段(21)的径向窗口(24)位于一个平面内，所述平面与阀杆(2)的径向出口(25a-25e)和阀体(1)的出口(12)所定义的平面纵向隔开。
如图4所示，在不同的阀打开位置，通过阀体(1)的出口(12)面对连续的径向端口(25a、25b、25c、25d和25e)获得，阀为每个所述端口(25a–25e)提供预定的流体流动。
一旦充分描述了本发明的性质以及优选实施例的示例，则出于所有相关目的，说明所述元件的材料、形式、尺寸和布置容易发生变化，前提是这些不涉及随后要求的本发明的基本特征的改变。

Claims (1)

1.一种流体机械阀，包括：
-阀体(1)，其具有入口(11)、出口(12)和用于连通所述入口和出口(11、12)的内部通道(13)；和
-阀杆(2)，其具有容纳在所述阀体的所述内部通道中的端部，所述端部具有在以下两个位置之间旋转的能力：打开位置，流体在所述阀体(1)的所述入口和出口(11、12)之间流动；关闭位置，阻止所述流体在所述阀体(1)中通过；
其中：
-所述阀体(1)的所述内部通道(13)为圆柱形，且
-所述阀杆(2)包括紧密封装的圆柱形管段(21)，在所述阀体(1)的所述内部通道(13)中具有旋转能力且不具有轴向位移能力，以及从所述阀体(1)伸出用于旋转驱动的另一端(22)；所述管段(21)包括：
-内腔(23)，用于在所述阀的打开位置进行流体循环，
-径向窗(24)，将所述阀杆(2)的所述内腔(23)与所述阀体(1)的所述入口(11)永久连通，
-径向流体出口(25a-25e)，具有不同的截面，周向分布在所述管段(21)中，并与所述阀杆(2)的不同开口位置相对应，形成具有按增大的截面排列的径向流体出口(25a-25e)，以便所述阀杆(2)的不同角度位置面向所述阀体(1)的所述出口(12)，并提供不同的流体流动，和
-关闭部分(26)，在所述阀杆(2)的确定角度位置面向所述阀体(1)的所述出口(12)，关闭流体通道，其中所述阀杆的所述管段(21)的关闭部分(26)布置在所述管段(21)的最大和最小截面的两个径向端口(25e、25a)之间，所述阀杆(2)具有在两个相反方向上旋转的能力，并通过所述阀杆(2)在任一方向上的有限角位移，直接从关闭位置移动到最大开启或最小打开位置。
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ES201930064A ES2776073B2 (es) 2019-01-28 2019-01-28 Valvula mecanica para fluidos.
PCT/ES2020/070053 WO2020157352A1 (es) 2019-01-28 2020-01-27 Válvula mecánica para fluidos

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WO2020157352A1 (es) 2020-08-06
CN113614428A (zh) 2021-11-05

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