CN113608370A - Wavelength multiplexing micro-ring modulator and wavelength locking method - Google Patents
Wavelength multiplexing micro-ring modulator and wavelength locking method Download PDFInfo
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- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-ring modulator for wavelength multiplexing, which comprises: the micro-ring modulation main arm comprises a micro-ring modulation main arm, a feedback control circuit unit and n heating resistors; the n output ends of the feedback control circuit unit are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the 1 st heating resistor, the 2 nd heating resistor … and the nth heating resistor; the 1 st heating resistor, the 2 nd heating resistor … and the nth heating resistor are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator ring; the invention also discloses a wavelength locking method of the wavelength multiplexing micro-ring modulator, which comprises the following steps: s1, modulating the multi-wavelength multiplexing optical signal; s2, acquiring the optical signals of the resonant wavelength currently modulated by each micro-ring; and S3, locking the working wavelength of the micro-ring modulator. The invention has the advantage of saving more complex and expensive wavelength division demultiplexing devices in the traditional wavelength division multiplexing system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of silicon-based modulators in the field of optical fiber communication, in particular to a control device and a method for forming multiple wavelengths by using silicon photons.
Background
Aiming at the requirements of improving the computing rate of a multi-core processor and breaking through the bottleneck of information transmission rate and power consumption in the future, the industry proposes a scheme of replacing electrical interconnection by on-chip optical interconnection. The micro-ring resonator type modulator based on the silicon-based photonic integration platform has the characteristics of high integration level, low power consumption and compatibility with a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process, is the on-chip optical interconnection technology which can be most suitable for ultrashort distance transmission at present, and has the modulation capability of more than 50Gbaud symbol rate.
However, in the wavelength division multiplexing application of the existing silicon-based micro-ring modulator, there is no method for locking the modulation wavelength of different micro-ring modulators better: fig. 1 shows a wavelength locking method of a conventional micro-ring modulator, in which an incident light signal is modulated by the micro-ring modulator and then outputs a modulated light signal, the modulated light signal is split into one tenth of light to a photo-electric detection PD after passing through an optical splitter, the PD performs a photo-electric conversion to generate an electrical signal, the electrical signal is input to a feedback control circuit, the feedback control circuit controls a current input to a heating resistor, and a temperature of a micro-ring is changed, so that a modulation efficiency of the micro-ring modulator is always optimal. However, this method cannot be used in a wavelength division multiplexing micro-ring modulation system, and as shown in fig. 2, neither the optical splitter nor the photodetection PD has a function of distinguishing wavelengths, and it is impossible to determine which micro-ring modulator has a decreased modulation efficiency.
In summary, in the wavelength division multiplexing application of the conventional silicon-based micro-ring modulator, there is no good method for locking different micro-ring modulation wavelengths.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: a wavelength-multiplexed micro-ring modulator and a wavelength locking method are provided.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A wavelength multiplexed micro-ring modulator, comprising: the micro-ring modulation main arm, the feedback control circuit unit and the n heating resistors are arranged on the micro-ring modulation main arm;
the micro-ring modulation main arm is sequentially coupled with a 1 st micro-ring modulator, a 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and an nth micro-ring modulator;
the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator are correspondingly coupled with the auxiliary arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the auxiliary arm … of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator and the auxiliary arm of the nth micro-ring modulator in sequence;
n paths of modulated optical signals output by the sub-arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the sub-arm … of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator and the sub-arm of the nth micro-ring modulator are respectively fed into the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 … and the nth photodetector PDn after being split by respective optical splitters;
the output ends of the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 … and the nth photodetector PDn are correspondingly connected with the n-way input end of the feedback control circuit unit; the n output ends of the feedback control circuit unit are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the 1 st heating resistor, the 2 nd heating resistor … and the nth heating resistor;
the 1 st heating resistor, the 2 nd heating resistor … and the nth heating resistor are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator ring.
Further, the feedback control circuit unit comprises a transimpedance amplifier and a control microcomputer;
meanwhile, the invention also provides a wavelength locking method of the wavelength multiplexing micro-ring modulator, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, modulating the multi-wavelength multiplexed optical signal: sending the multi-wavelength multiplexing optical signal into a micro-ring modulation main arm, and then sequentially passing through a 1 st micro-ring modulator, a 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and an nth micro-ring modulator which are coupled with the micro-ring modulation main arm to generate a modulated multi-wavelength multiplexing optical signal;
s2, obtaining the optical signal of the resonant wavelength currently modulated by each micro-ring: while the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator modulate optical signals, the sub-arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the sub-arm of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the sub-arm of the nth micro-ring modulator extract partial optical energy of the optical signals with n resonance wavelengths as n feedback signals;
s3, locking the working wavelength of the micro-ring modulator: the n feedback signals obtained in step S2 are subjected to photoelectric conversion by the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 …, and the nth photodetector PDn, respectively, to obtain n feedback input electrical signals, and the feedback control circuit unit obtains n feedback output control electrical signals according to the n feedback input electrical signals, and the n feedback output control electrical signals respectively control heating of the n heating resistors.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the wavelength locking method of the traditional micro-ring modulator cannot be used in a micro-ring modulation system of wavelength division multiplexing because neither the optical splitter nor the photoelectric detection PD has a function of distinguishing wavelengths, it cannot be determined which micro-ring modulator has a decreased modulation efficiency, and how to determine the decrease in efficiency of the micro-ring corresponding to that wavelength, and a wave splitter needs to be additionally arranged, so that the whole modulation system is complicated, and the cost is high. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a multi-wavelength locking method of a micro-ring modulator using a waveguide with two arms, which has the function of selecting the wavelength by using the micro-ring modulation, the main arm modulates the wavelength, and the auxiliary arm selects the wavelength, so that a relatively complex and expensive wavelength division demultiplexing device in the traditional wavelength division multiplexing system can be saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates a prior art micro-ring modulator wavelength locking scheme
Fig. 2 micro-ring modulation scheme for wavelength division multiplexing
FIG. 3 illustrates a wavelength division multiplexed micro-ring modulation scheme incorporating wavelength division multiplexing
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a two-armed microring
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dual-arm micro-ring coupling scheme according to the present invention
FIG. 6 micro-ring modulator wavelength locking scheme of the present invention
FIG. 7 feedback control circuit
FIG. 8 embodiment of the invention
Detailed Description
As described in the background section, fig. 1 shows a wavelength locking method of a conventional micro-ring modulator, in which an incident light signal is modulated by the micro-ring modulator and then outputs a modulated light signal, the modulated light signal is split into one tenth of light and sent to a photo-electric detection PD, the PD performs a photo-electric conversion to generate an electrical signal, the electrical signal is input to a feedback control circuit, and the feedback control circuit controls a current input to a heating resistor to change the temperature of the micro-ring, so that the modulation efficiency of the micro-ring modulator is always optimal. However, this method cannot be used in a wavelength division multiplexing micro-ring modulation system, as shown in fig. 2, neither the optical splitter nor the photodetection PD has a function of distinguishing wavelengths, and it is impossible to determine which micro-ring modulator has a decreased modulation efficiency, and how to determine the decrease in efficiency of the micro-ring corresponding to that wavelength, and a wavelength division device as shown in fig. 3 is required, which complicates the entire modulation system and increases the cost.
The invention provides a micro-ring modulator for wavelength division multiplexing and a wavelength locking method based on the micro-ring modulator.
The mechanism of a wavelength division multiplexing micro-ring modulator is shown in fig. 6, and comprises: the micro-ring modulation main arm, the n micro-ring modulators, the feedback control circuit unit and the n heating resistors are arranged on the micro-ring modulation main arm; the number of n is typically: coarse wavelength division multiplexing is mainly 4-wave multiplexing and 6-wave multiplexing.
The micro-ring modulation main arm is sequentially coupled with the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator;
the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator are correspondingly coupled with the auxiliary arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the auxiliary arm … of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator and the auxiliary arm of the nth micro-ring modulator in sequence;
the sub-arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the sub-arm … of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator and the sub-arm of the nth micro-ring modulator are respectively optically connected with the n photoelectric detectors, so that n paths of modulated optical signals output by the sub-arm of the micro-ring modulator are respectively split by the optical splitters and fed into the 1 st photoelectric detector PD1, the 2 nd photoelectric detector PD2 … and the nth photoelectric detector PDn;
the output ends of the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 … and the nth photodetector PDn are correspondingly connected with the n input ends of the feedback control circuit unit; the n output ends of the feedback control circuit unit are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the 1 st heating resistor, the 2 nd heating resistor … and the nth heating resistor; the timely feedback control circuit unit can correspondingly output n control electric signals according to the electric signals obtained from the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 … and the nth photodetector PDn, wherein the n control electric signals can control the electrifying currents of the 1 st heating resistor, the 2 nd heating resistor … and the nth heating resistor, so as to control the heating of the heating resistors. (of course, the 1 st, 2 nd and nth heating resistors …, … are disposed within the 1 st, 2 nd and nth micro-ring modulators rings, respectively.)
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 7, the feedback control circuit unit includes a transimpedance amplifier and a control microcomputer; the transimpedance amplifier converts the current signals output by each photoelectric detection detector into voltage signals, the voltage signals output by the transimpedance amplifier are acquired by the control microcomputer, calculated and processed, and then converted by the digital-to-analog conversion circuit to be used for controlling the heating resistor to work, and the feedback control circuit unit adopts the existing mature circuit structure, and does not belong to the improvement part of the invention, so that the details are not repeated herein.
The essential of the main technical problem to be solved by the wavelength multiplexing micro-ring modulator of the present invention is to lock different micro-ring modulation wavelengths, so the working principle of the micro-ring modulator is to lock optical signals of different micro-ring modulation wavelengths and to implement an electrical signal processing process, which can be summarized as the following steps:
s1, modulating the multi-wavelength multiplexed optical signal: sending the multi-wavelength multiplexing optical signal into a micro-ring modulation main arm, and then sequentially passing through a 1 st micro-ring modulator, a 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and an nth micro-ring modulator which are coupled with the micro-ring modulation main arm to generate a modulated multi-wavelength multiplexing optical signal; briefly: the multi-wavelength optical signal is input, passes through the main arm modulated by the micro-ring, passes through the micro-ring modulator 1 to the micro-ring modulator n, and is sequentially modulated to output a modulated optical signal with multiple wavelengths.
S2, obtaining the optical signal of the resonant wavelength currently modulated by each micro-ring: while the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator modulate optical signals, a sub-arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, a sub-arm … of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator and a sub-arm of the nth micro-ring modulator extract partial optical energy of the optical signals with n paths of resonant wavelengths as n paths of feedback signals; for example: while the 1 st micro-ring modulator 1 modulates the optical signal, the sub-arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator extracts part of the optical energy of the currently modulated optical signal with the resonant wavelength as a feedback signal.
S3, locking the working wavelength of the micro-ring modulator: the n feedback signals obtained in the step S2 are subjected to photoelectric conversion by the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 …, and the n-th photodetector PDn, respectively, to obtain n feedback input electrical signals, the feedback control circuit unit obtains n feedback output control electrical signals according to the n feedback input electrical signals, and the n feedback output control electrical signals respectively and correspondingly control heating of the n heating resistors, so that the micro-loop modulator always operates at the position with the best efficiency.
The invention fully utilizes the characteristic that the micro-ring modulator can select the wavelength, the waveguide of the main arm transmits the modulated multi-wavelength signal, the corresponding sub-arm of the micro-ring takes out the wavelength division optical signal of the corresponding resonance wavelength of the micro-ring modulator by adjusting the coupling coefficient of the waveguide arm and the micro-ring, and inputs the wavelength division optical signal to the photoelectric detection PD as a feedback signal to control the heating resistor in the middle of the micro-ring modulator, so that the micro-ring modulator works in the optimal state of the modulation efficiency.
Two-arm micro-ring modulator is shown in FIG. 4, Ei1,Ei2,Et2,Et2Respectively, input and output electric fields of the coupling region, K1，K2，t1，t2Amplitude coupling ratio and amplitude transmission ratio of the two coupling regions, respectively, thereby
The relationship between the variables can be found as follows:
the corresponding transfer function when the micro-ring resonates is as follows:
ideal case when t1|＝α|t2When the output of the main arm is 0, the output of the downloading end reaches the maximum, namely the critical coupling condition. However, it is difficult to do in actual work, as shown in fig. 5, a section of straight waveguide is introduced into the coupling region (fig. 5 is compared with fig. 4, a section of stripe part is added, namely, the straight waveguide), so that the coupling efficiency of the straight waveguide and the coupling region is improved, the output of the main arm can be about 10% of the input light intensity through simulation calculation, the output of the download end can be about 60% of the input light intensity, and part of light energy is oscillated and lost in the micro-ring.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 8, a four-wavelength multiplexed optical signal 101 is output to a main waveguide arm 201 of a micro-ring modulator, and is sequentially modulated by micro-ring modulators micro-rings 1-401, 2-402, 3-403, and 4-404 to generate a modulated multi-wavelength multiplexed optical signal 102, where the micro-ring modulated micro-rings 1-401 modulate a wavelength 101 λ 1 in the multi-wavelength signal of the main waveguide arm 201, and the wavelength of light locked in the micro-ring is λ 1, and at this time, a coupling coefficient between a sub-waveguide arm 102 of the micro-ring 1 and the micro-ring 1-401 is adjusted to take out a micro-ring 1 modulated wavelength 103 having a wavelength λ 1, and the signal is output as a feedback signal to a photo-detector PD 405, and is input to a feedback control circuit 302 after photo-electric conversion, and controls a current input to a heating resistor 303 to lock an operating wavelength of the micro-ring 1-401 of the micro-ring modulator, so that it always operates in a state of optimum modulation efficiency for the wavelength λ 1; the same method is used for locking the working wavelength of the micro-rings 1-402, 1-403 and 1-404.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A wavelength multiplexed micro-ring modulator, comprising: the micro-ring modulation main arm comprises a micro-ring modulation main arm, a feedback control circuit unit and n heating resistors;
the micro-ring modulation main arm is sequentially coupled with a 1 st micro-ring modulator, a 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and an nth micro-ring modulator;
the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator are correspondingly coupled with the auxiliary arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the auxiliary arm … of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator and the auxiliary arm of the nth micro-ring modulator in sequence;
n paths of modulated optical signals output by the sub-arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the sub-arm … of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator and the sub-arm of the nth micro-ring modulator are respectively fed into the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 … and the nth photodetector PDn after being split by respective optical splitters;
the output ends of the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 … and the nth photodetector PDn are correspondingly connected with the n-way input end of the feedback control circuit unit; the n output ends of the feedback control circuit unit are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the 1 st heating resistor, the 2 nd heating resistor … and the nth heating resistor;
the 1 st heating resistor, the 2 nd heating resistor … and the nth heating resistor are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator ring.
2. The wavelength-multiplexed micro-ring modulator according to claim 1, wherein the feedback control circuit unit comprises a transimpedance amplifier and a control microcomputer.
3. A wavelength locking method of a wavelength multiplexing micro-ring modulator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, modulating the multi-wavelength multiplexed optical signal: sending the multi-wavelength multiplexing optical signal into a micro-ring modulation main arm, and then sequentially passing through a 1 st micro-ring modulator, a 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and an nth micro-ring modulator which are coupled with the micro-ring modulation main arm to generate a modulated multi-wavelength multiplexing optical signal;
s2, obtaining the optical signal of the resonant wavelength currently modulated by each micro-ring: while the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the nth micro-ring modulator modulate optical signals, the sub-arm of the 1 st micro-ring modulator, the sub-arm of the 2 nd micro-ring modulator … and the sub-arm of the nth micro-ring modulator extract partial optical energy of the optical signals with n resonance wavelengths as n feedback signals;
s3, locking the working wavelength of the micro-ring modulator: the n feedback signals obtained in step S2 are subjected to photoelectric conversion by the 1 st photodetector PD1, the 2 nd photodetector PD2 …, and the nth photodetector PDn, respectively, to obtain n feedback input electrical signals, and the feedback control circuit unit obtains n feedback output control electrical signals according to the n feedback input electrical signals, and the n feedback output control electrical signals respectively control heating of the n heating resistors.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114188818A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-15 | 暨南大学 | Micro-ring integrating photoresistor and thermistor, wavelength locking system and method |
| CN114609729A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-10 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Temperature control adjusting system and debugging method of micro-ring modulator wavelength division multiplexing optical transmitter |
| CN115166912A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Micro-ring wavelength division multiplexing optical transmitter, optical receiver, temperature control debugging method and optical transceiver |
| CN115641494A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-24 | 广州市南沙区北科光子感知技术研究院 | Neural network image processing system based on micro-ring modulator |
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