CN113606487B - V-shaped liner-free high-pressure composite material storage tank molding process - Google Patents
V-shaped liner-free high-pressure composite material storage tank molding process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113606487B CN113606487B CN202110974301.4A CN202110974301A CN113606487B CN 113606487 B CN113606487 B CN 113606487B CN 202110974301 A CN202110974301 A CN 202110974301A CN 113606487 B CN113606487 B CN 113606487B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
- F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
- F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
- F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/066—Plastics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a V-shaped inner container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank molding process, which comprises the steps of firstly, rolling wires with selected cross section shapes and sizes into a spinning substrate by a spring rolling machine according to the internal structure shapes and sizes of a gas storage bottle, and spraying a release agent on the spinning substrate. Secondly, weaving/winding the carbon fiber composite material through a fiber weaving device/a fiber winding device; and thirdly, conveying the spinning substrate and the carbon fiber composite material layer into resin curing equipment together for curing, and taking out the product after curing. Fourthly, straightening the metal wire of the forming spinning substrate through a wire drawing mechanism and drawing out the gas storage bottle slowly to finally obtain the gas storage bottle meeting the requirements. The continuous fiber layer does not need to be cut, spliced and the like in the process of weaving the process fiber, the stress defect and the gas leakage defect are not formed, the forming efficiency is improved, the substrate can be repeatedly utilized, the method is suitable for forming V-shaped inner container-free high-pressure composite material storage tanks with different diameters, lengths and end enclosure structures, and has higher flexibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of special equipment processing and forming, in particular to a forming process of a V-shaped liner-free high-pressure composite material storage tank.
Background
The development of safe, light and efficient high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks such as hydrogen storage tanks has become an important technical requirement for energy storage and transportation at present. Aiming at the current energy storage and transportation requirements, the IV-type hydrogen storage bottle has the advantage of greater light weight compared with the III-type hydrogen storage bottle, the hydrogen storage density is increased to more than 5 wt.%, and the storage, transportation and utilization efficiency of energy is improved to a great extent. However, the inner container still does not avoid the failure problems of collapse, bulge and the like of the inner container. Meanwhile, as a division of the hydrogen storage bottle, the inner container of the hydrogen storage bottle is mainly used for blocking gas and preventing a large amount of high-pressure gas from leaking at the bottle body; the carbon fiber composite material of the outer layer is used as a bearing layer and is mainly used for bearing the stress caused by the large pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the hydrogen storage bottle. However, the carbon fiber composite material layer is used only for bearing pressure, but also has a small gas leakage coefficient and shows a good gas barrier property; the liner is used as a barrier layer, generally, stress caused by pressure difference can not be shared basically in the pressure-bearing process, and the liner also occupies a larger proportion in the total weight of the hydrogen storage bottle. Moreover, since the inner container and the carbon fiber composite material layer are made of different materials, the inner container and the carbon fiber composite material layer have different physical properties such as thermal properties and the like, which also causes problems caused by environmental factors encountered in the use process of the hydrogen storage bottle. Therefore, researchers have developed a V-shaped hydrogen storage bottle without an inner container, and gas is blocked and pressure-bearing compounded to the carbon fiber composite material, so that the hydrogen storage density can be further improved, and the use problem caused by different properties of various materials is avoided.
However, the v-type hydrogen storage bottle is completely formed by winding a carbon fiber composite tow, and forming without an inner container (forming substrate) has a great challenge. Currently, the company Composites Technology Development (CTD), Inc. of the United states alone, in cooperation with the United states air force research laboratory (Wright-Patterson AFB) and the university of Texas, has built commercially available, fully composite, linerless pressure vessels by first fabricating a dissolvable molded substrate conforming to the shape of a hydrogen storage bottle, then winding a carbon fiber composite material onto the molded substrate and curing to dissolve the substrate to form a V-shaped hydrogen storage bottle. The method has low efficiency and high cost, and a set of mould is still needed to form the substrate before forming. At present, the spring manufacturing technology is mature, and meanwhile, the 3D printing technology of the simple spiral structure also tends to mature, so that the v-shaped hydrogen storage bottle forming substrate can be manufactured by using the paralysis manufacturing technology or the 3D printing technology, but no people develop related research at present.
In addition, the winding/laying of the carbon fiber composite material is also a big difficulty, and the fiber winding mode adopted by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the like at present is to wind fiber bundles on the inner container of the hydrogen storage bottle at a certain angle so as to finally obtain a carbon fiber layer. However, the carbon fiber composite material layer of the V-shaped hydrogen storage bottle formed by winding the carbon fiber tows in a filament winding manner has the problem that the barrier property of inorganic materials/carbon fibers is not fully excited. The woven carbon fiber can distribute load, reduce the growth of micro cracks, gaps and defects caused by manufacturing, and effectively improve the ductility and the damage resistance of the barrier layer. The current U.S. composition Technology Development company (U.S. Pat. No.: US8074826B2) plans to lay braided carbon fibers on a substrate in the manufacture of hydrogen storage bottles by braiding the material first and then cutting, which is inefficient and costly, and the cutting location is prone to discontinuities and weak spots, which may lead to a series of bridging problems. And the manual mode is also planned to be adopted in the fiber laying process, so that the efficiency is low and the forming precision is poor. The prior equal-diameter circular tube fiber weaving technology tends to be mature, but the equal-diameter circular tube fiber weaving technology is not used for forming variable-diameter structures and forming reciprocating structures of V-shaped hydrogen storage bottles and the like. Therefore, the technical principle can be used for molding the woven carbon fiber composite material layer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a forming process of a V-shaped liner-free high-pressure composite material storage tank, which is characterized in that a novel liner-free high-pressure composite material storage tank spinning base plate is quickly formed according to the shape of a required gas storage bottle by innovatively designing a processing structure and a forming path and utilizing a spring rolling technology/3D printing technology, and a carbon fiber composite material layer is formed on the spinning base plate through a reciprocating fiber weaving technology and a fiber winding technology to obtain the gas storage bottle. The invention can continuously weave the gas cylinder-shaped carbon fiber composite material layer, quickly form and remove the spinning substrate with certain structural rigidity, improve the forming efficiency and realize the reutilization of the substrate. Meanwhile, the process equipment provided by the invention can be suitable for forming V-shaped container-free high-pressure composite material storage tanks with different diameters, lengths and end enclosure structures, and has higher flexibility.
The invention discloses a V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank molding process which at least comprises processes of spinning substrate molding, carbon fiber composite material weaving/winding molding, spinning substrate unloading and the like. The process route is as follows: firstly, a spring coiling machine coils wire materials (metal wires or polymer wire materials) with the selected cross section shape and size into a spinning substrate according to the internal structure shape and size of the gas storage cylinder, and a release agent is sprayed on the spinning substrate. Secondly, weaving/winding the carbon fiber composite material on the spinning substrate from the bottle mouth according to a preset staggered angle along the axial direction of the spinning substrate by using a fiber weaving device/a fiber winding device; when the carbon fiber composite material is woven to the other end of the spinning substrate, a plurality of circles of carbon fibers are tightly wound on the weaving fibers at the end part for limiting and fixing; then, winding a predetermined number of layers of carbon fiber composite materials on the woven fibers by fiber winding equipment; after winding is finished, the carbon fiber weaving equipment starts to continue weaving the carbon fiber composite material layer along the direction of weaving the carbon fiber layer on the upper layer of the axis of the spinning substrate; the weaving and winding of the fiber composite material are alternately carried out until the requirement of the number of weaving layers is met. And thirdly, conveying the spinning substrate and the carbon fiber composite material layer into resin curing equipment together for curing, and taking out the product after curing. Fourthly, through the wire drawing mechanism, the metal wire of the forming spinning substrate is straightened and is drawn out of the gas storage bottle slowly, meanwhile, the product needs to rotate around the axis of the substrate along with the wire drawing action, and the inner surface of the gas storage bottle is prevented from being damaged due to the twisting of the metal wire in the wire drawing process. Finally obtaining the gas storage bottle meeting the requirements.
As a supplementary description of the forming process of the spinning substrate of the V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank, the forming process comprises the following steps:
the spinning substrate can be molded by adopting a 3D printing technology, the plastic for molding the spinning substrate does not need to be completely melted in the printing process, and the plastic can be simply welded as long as the plastic can be subjected to plastic deformation or surface melting, so that the substrate can be conveniently taken out at the later stage.
The dimensions of the spinning substrate, such as the diameter of a cylinder body, the length of the cylinder body, the diameter-height ratio of a seal head and the like, are determined by the internal dimensions of the gas storage cylinder, and the spinning substrate is manufactured by controlling the rotating angle of an outlet of equipment in the rolling/printing process.
The helical lead between the wires in the spinning substrate forming process of the present invention is determined according to specific requirements, including but not limited to: leads at all positions are consistent; the lead at the end socket is small, and the lead at the barrel is large; the lead varies from place to place or according to some law.
The diameter of the metal wire formed by the spinning substrate of the invention should not exceed the diameter of the bottle mouth, and the diameter of the metal wire is recommended to be a metal wire material with a smaller diameter under the condition of meeting the requirement of the rigidity of the spinning substrate.
If the spinning substrate cannot meet the surface precision requirement or the strength/rigidity requirement, the spinning substrate can be used as the following supplementary process, and the following processes can be used independently, singly or in combination and belong to the scope of the invention: firstly, an air bag made of inflatable high-temperature-resistant elastic materials is added into a spinning substrate formed by winding/printing silk materials, and safety gas with certain pressure is filled into the air bag before the weaving/winding process of the fiber composite materials, so that the air bag is used as an auxiliary support of the spinning substrate. Secondly, filling open-cell foam materials or fiber felt materials into the air bag, filling the filling materials in a particle form, keeping gas with certain pressure in the filling materials in the fiber weaving/winding process and the resin curing process, vacuumizing the air bag and taking out the filling materials and the air bag after the fiber composite materials are cured. Thirdly, in order to improve the efficiency and ensure the surface quality of the cylinder part, a part of the cylinder structure can be formed on the cylindrical mandrel by using the same material as the fiber composite material, then the cylinder structure is sleeved on the spinning substrate, and then the external main fiber composite material is formed continuously according to the fiber weaving/winding process. Fourthly, coating a layer of soluble solid material, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, which can be dissolved by hot water), polyacrylonitrile (PAN, which can be dissolved by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) and the like, on the surface of the spinning substrate to keep the outer surface of the substrate smooth, and after the carbon fiber composite material is cured, drawing out the spinning substrate and dissolving the material coated on the spinning substrate. Fifthly, a layer of base plate is coiled by using thinner metal wires on the spinning base plate coiled by the thicker metal wires so as to reduce gaps on the original spinning base plate. Sixthly, aiming at the forming of the gas storage bottle with a larger major diameter, a mandrel can be added at the axis of the spinning substrate so as to improve the rigidity in the forming process.
The section shape of the metal wire used for coiling the spinning substrate or the polymer wire used for printing the spinning substrate can be designed into the shapes of circle, rectangle, trapezoid, triangle and the like.
As a special supplementary explanation for the forming of the spinning substrate of the forming process of the V-shaped liner-free high-pressure composite material storage tank, the invention comprises the following steps: the present invention proposes to use a spun substrate formed by winding a metal wire as a base substrate, and to perform the above-mentioned strength/rigidity enhancement on the base substrate, so that a plurality of carbon fiber composite material layers can be brought into close contact without forming defects in the weaving/winding process of the carbon fiber composite material. As a special reinforcing means, the second reinforcing process can be used as a liner-free high-pressure gas cylinder forming substrate without a base spinning substrate, and is also within the protection scope of the present invention: filling open-cell foam material or fiber felt material in the air bag, filling the filling material in the form of particles, keeping gas with certain pressure in the filling material in the fiber weaving/winding process and the resin curing process, vacuumizing the air bag after the fiber composite material is cured, and taking out the filler and the air bag.
The supplementary explanation of the fiber weaving/winding forming process of the V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank of the invention is as follows:
the fiber weaving/winding process of the present invention preferably weaves at least one layer of carbon fiber composite material in a first layer in contact with the substrate.
In the fiber weaving/winding process, the proportion of the weaving fiber layer to the winding fiber layer in the total number of layers can be selected according to the requirements of the pressure, the structure size and the like of the gas cylinder; under the condition of meeting the performance requirement, all the braided layers or all the winding layers can be selected; the combination mode of the weaving fiber layer and the winding fiber layer can be selected from an overlapping mode (repeated in equal proportion), a stepped mode (gradual change in proportion) or other free combination modes.
The weaving mode of the carbon fiber composite material in the weaving process can adopt a mode of weaving the fiber belts in a pairwise staggered way, and also can adopt a mode of weaving a plurality of fiber bundles with one span and two or one span, and the specific weaving mode is determined by the performance requirement of the hydrogen storage bottle.
As a supplementary explanation of the spun-on substrate unloading process of the V-shaped inner container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank forming process, the invention comprises the following steps: the rotary wire drawing mechanism is preferably used for relatively rotating the product and the wire drawing mechanism around the shaft center in the unloading process of the spun substrate, so that the phenomenon that the inner surface of the gas cylinder is damaged due to the fact that the metal wire on the spun substrate is twisted in the process that the metal wire is pulled straight and drawn away by the wire drawing mechanism is avoided.
The forming process of the V-shaped high-pressure composite material storage tank without the inner container can realize accurate and tight weaving/winding forming of the fibers of the high-pressure storage tank without the inner container, and meanwhile, the invention can realize that continuous fiber layers do not need cutting, splicing and other operations in the weaving process of the fibers, and the stress defect and the gas leakage defect are not formed. Compared with the existing forming process of the high-pressure storage tank with the inner container, the invention provides a novel fiber reciprocating weaving process and concept. In the aspect of forming of a high-pressure storage tank without an inner container, the invention provides a substrate model and a forming process which are variable in shape, strong in adaptability, high in efficiency, low in cost, free of pollution and easy to recycle, and simultaneously provides various means for enhancing the strength/rigidity of a weak-rigidity substrate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the forming positions of a spinning substrate and a gas storage cylinder in the v-shaped liner-free high-pressure composite material storage tank forming process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of different lead spinning substrates of a v-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank molding process of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the installation of the spun-on substrate and the formed partial cylinder structure in the v-shaped tank made of the high-pressure composite material without the inner container according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of the spin-on substrate coated with the dissolvable solid material of the molding process for the v-shaped tank made of the composite material without inner liner according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a spun substrate of a V-shaped tank made of a high-pressure composite material without an inner container according to the present invention, and a thin wire is used to roll a layer of the spun substrate.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a spun-on substrate reinforced by an airbag in a V-shaped liner-free high-pressure composite storage tank molding process according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of a reciprocating fiber non-destructive weaving structure of a V-shaped inner container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank molding process of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a weaving form of a fiber composite material in the V-shaped tank formed by the high-pressure composite material without the inner container.
FIG. 9 is a process flow chart of the molding process of the V-shaped tank made of the composite material without the inner container according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a forming flow chart of the forming without the spinning substrate of the v-shaped inner container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank forming process of the invention.
In the figure: 1-spinning the substrate; 1-1-wire; 2-a carbon fiber composite material layer; 2-1-weaving a fiber layer; 2-2-winding a fiber layer; 3-a bottle mouth structure; 4-a part of cylinder structure of the gas cylinder which is formed on the mandrel in advance; 5-a dissolvable material; 6-fine metal wire; 7-air bag.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 9, the forming process of the v-shaped liner-free high-pressure composite material storage tank at least comprises the processes of forming the spun substrate 1, weaving/winding the carbon fiber composite material layer 2, unloading the spun substrate 1, and the like. As shown in fig. 1, the process route is: first, as shown in fig. 2, a coiling machine coils a metal wire 1-1 with a selected diameter into a spinning substrate 1 according to the internal structural shape and size of the gas cylinder, and sprays a release agent on the spinning substrate 1. Secondly, as shown in fig. 7, weaving/winding the carbon fiber composite material on the spinning substrate 1 from the bottle mouth 3 by the fiber weaving device/fiber winding device according to the predetermined staggered angle along the axial direction of the spinning substrate 1; when the carbon fiber composite material is woven to the other end of the spinning substrate 1, a plurality of circles of carbon fibers are tightly wound on the end weaving fibers 2-1 for limiting and fixing; then, winding a predetermined number of layers of carbon fiber composite materials 2-2 on the woven fibers 2-1 through fiber winding equipment; after winding is finished, the carbon fiber weaving equipment starts to weave the carbon fiber composite material layer continuously along the direction of the upper layer of the spinning substrate 1; the weaving and winding of the fiber composite material are alternately carried out until the requirement of the number of weaving layers is met. Thirdly, the spinning substrate 1 and the carbon fiber composite material layer 2 are sent into a resin curing device together for curing, and the product is taken out after curing. Fourthly, the metal wire 1-1 of the forming spinning substrate 1 is straightened and drawn out of the gas storage cylinder slowly through the wire drawing mechanism, meanwhile, the product needs to rotate around the axis of the spinning substrate 1 along with the wire drawing action, and the inner surface of the gas storage cylinder is prevented from being damaged due to the twisting of the metal wire 1-1 in the wire drawing process. Finally obtaining the gas storage bottle meeting the requirements.
As shown in fig. 9, as a supplementary description of the forming process of the spun-on substrate of the v-shaped tank made of the high-pressure composite material without the inner container according to the present invention:
the spinning substrate 1 can also be formed by adopting a 3D printing technology, and the plastic for forming the spinning substrate 1 does not need to be completely melted in the printing process, so long as the plastic can be subjected to plastic deformation or surface melting and can be simply welded.
As shown in fig. 1, the dimensions of the spinning substrate 1, such as the cylinder diameter, the cylinder length, the head diameter-height ratio, and the like, are determined by the internal dimensions of the gas cylinder, and the spinning substrate is manufactured by controlling the rotation angle of the outlet of the device in the rolling/printing process.
As shown in FIG. 2, the helical lead between the wires 1-1 in the spinning substrate 1 forming process of the present invention is determined according to specific requirements, including but not limited to: all positions are in lead, fig. 2 (a); the lead at the end socket is small, the lead at the cylinder is large, and the figure 2(b) shows; the lead varies from place to place or according to some law.
If the spinning substrate 1 cannot meet the surface precision requirement or the strength/rigidity requirement, the following supplementary processes can be performed, and the following processes can be used independently, singly or in combination and belong to the scope of the invention: firstly, as shown in fig. 6, an airbag 7 made of inflatable high-temperature resistant elastic material is added into a spinning substrate formed by winding/printing filament materials, and safety gas with certain pressure is filled into the airbag 7 before the weaving/winding process of the fiber composite material, so that the airbag 7 is used as an auxiliary support of the spinning substrate 1. Secondly, filling open-cell foam materials or fiber felt materials in the air bag 7, filling the filling materials in a particle form, keeping gas with certain pressure in the filling materials in the fiber weaving/winding process and the resin curing process, vacuumizing the air bag 7 and taking out the filler and the air bag 7 after the fiber composite materials are cured. Thirdly, as shown in fig. 3, in order to improve the efficiency and ensure the surface quality of the cylinder part, a part of the cylinder structure 4 may be formed on the cylindrical mandrel by using the same material as the fiber composite material, and then the cylinder structure 4 is sleeved on the spinning substrate 1, and then the fiber composite material of the external main body is formed continuously according to the fiber weaving/winding process. Fourthly, as shown in fig. 4, a layer of soluble solid material 5, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, which can be dissolved by hot water), polyacrylonitrile (PAN, which can be dissolved by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)), etc., is coated on the surface of the spun substrate 1 to keep the outer surface of the spun substrate 1 smooth, and after the carbon fiber composite material layer 2 is cured, the spun substrate 1 is drawn out and the material 5 coated on the spun substrate is dissolved. Fifthly, as shown in fig. 5, a layer of base plate is coiled by a thin metal wire 6 on the spinning base plate 1 coiled by a thick metal wire 1-1 so as to reduce the gap on the original spinning base plate 1. Sixthly, aiming at the forming of the gas storage bottle with a larger major diameter, a mandrel can be added to the axis of the spinning substrate 1 to improve the rigidity in the forming process.
As shown in fig. 10, as a special supplementary description of the formation of the spun-bonded substrate 1 in the formation process of the v-shaped tank made of the composite material without inner container according to the present invention: the present invention proposes to use the spun substrate 1 formed by winding the metal wire 1-1 as a base substrate, and to perform the above-mentioned strength/rigidity enhancement on the base substrate, so that the plurality of carbon fiber composite material layers can be in close contact without forming defects in the weaving/winding process of the carbon fiber composite material. As a special reinforcing means, the second reinforcing process can be used as a liner-free high-pressure gas cylinder forming substrate without the base spinning substrate 1, and is also within the protection scope of the present invention: the air bag 7 is filled with open-cell foam material or fiber felt material, the filling material is filled in a particle form, gas with certain pressure is always kept in the filling material in the fiber weaving/winding process and the resin curing process, and after the fiber composite material is cured, the air bag 7 is vacuumized and the filler and the air bag 7 are taken out.
The supplementary explanation of the fiber weaving/winding forming process of the V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 7, in the fiber weaving/winding process of the present invention, the ratio of the woven fiber layer 2-1 to the wound fiber layer 2-2 in the total number of layers can be selected according to the requirements of the pressure, the structural size, etc. of the gas cylinder; under the condition of meeting the performance requirement, all the braided layers 2-1 or all the winding layers 2-2 can be selected; the combination mode of the weaving fiber layer 2-1 and the winding fiber layer 2-2 can be selected from an overlapping mode (repeated in equal proportion), a stepped mode (gradual change in proportion) or other free combination modes.
As shown in fig. 8, the weaving manner of the carbon fiber composite material in the weaving process of the present invention may be a weaving manner (a) in which the fiber tapes are woven in pairs, or a weaving manner (b) in which one fiber tape spans two or more fiber bundles, where the specific weaving manner is determined by the performance requirement of the hydrogen storage bottle.
Claims (7)
1. A V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank molding process is characterized in that: the method comprises the processes of spinning substrate forming, carbon fiber composite material weaving/winding forming and spinning substrate unloading, and the process route is as follows: firstly, rolling the wire with the selected cross section shape and size into a spinning substrate according to the internal structure shape and size of the gas storage bottle; secondly, weaving/winding the carbon fiber composite material on the spinning substrate from the bottle mouth according to a preset staggered angle along the axial direction of the spinning substrate by using a fiber weaving device/a fiber winding device; when the carbon fiber composite material is woven to the other end of the spinning substrate, a plurality of circles of carbon fibers are tightly wound on the weaving fibers at the end part for limiting and fixing; then, winding a predetermined number of layers of carbon fiber composite materials on the woven fibers by fiber winding equipment; after winding is finished, the carbon fiber weaving equipment starts to continue weaving the carbon fiber composite material layer along the direction of weaving the carbon fiber layer on the upper layer of the axis of the spinning substrate; alternately weaving and winding the fiber composite material until the requirement of the number of weaving layers is met; thirdly, the spinning substrate and the carbon fiber composite material layer are conveyed into resin curing equipment together for curing, and the product is taken out after curing; fourthly, through the wire drawing mechanism, the metal wire of the forming spinning substrate is straightened and the gas storage bottle is drawn out slowly, meanwhile, the product needs to rotate around the axis of the substrate along with the wire drawing action, and finally the gas storage bottle meeting the requirements is obtained.
2. The forming process of the V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lead of all the positions of the spiral lead between the wires in the spinning substrate forming process is consistent; or the lead at the end socket is small, and the lead at the cylinder body is large; or the lead varies from place to place or according to some law.
3. The forming process of the V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: the section of the metal wire used for rolling the spinning substrate or the polymer wire used for printing the spinning substrate is designed to be round, rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular.
4. The forming process of the V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: adding an air bag made of inflatable high-temperature-resistant elastic material into a spinning substrate formed by winding/printing silk materials, and filling safety gas with certain pressure into the air bag before the weaving/winding process of the fiber composite material so that the air bag is used as an auxiliary support of the spinning substrate; and/or filling the air bag with an open-cell foam material or a fiber felt material, wherein the filling material is filled in a particle form, gas with certain pressure is kept in the filling material in the fiber weaving/winding process and the resin curing process, and after the fiber composite material is cured, vacuumizing the air bag and taking out the filling material and the air bag.
5. The forming process of the V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: firstly, forming a part of cylinder structure on a cylindrical mandrel by using the same material as the fiber composite material, then sleeving the cylinder structure on a spinning substrate, and then continuously forming the external main fiber composite material according to a fiber weaving/winding process; or coating a layer of soluble solid material on the surface of the spinning substrate, and after the carbon fiber composite material is cured, drawing out the spinning substrate and dissolving the material coated on the spinning substrate; or rolling a layer of substrate on the rotary substrate rolled by the thicker metal wire; or a mandrel is added to the axis of the spinning substrate for forming the gas storage bottle with a larger major diameter, so that the rigidity in the forming process is improved.
6. The molding process of the V-shaped tank made of the composite material without the inner container according to claim 1, wherein the molding process comprises the following steps: the weaving mode of the carbon fiber composite material in the weaving process adopts a mode of weaving the fiber belts in a pairwise staggered manner, or a weaving mode of spanning two or more fiber bundles.
7. The forming process of the V-shaped inner-container-free high-pressure composite material storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the product and the spinning mechanism perform relative rotation motion around the axis in the process of unloading the spinning substrate.
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| KR102624809B1 (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2024-01-15 | 창원대학교 산학협력단 | Liquid hydrogen storage tank to which 3D printing-epoxy composite material is applied and its manufacturing method |
| CN114261087B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-04-07 | 西安交通大学 | 3D printing and 'spinning' demolding method for continuous fiber reinforced SMP (symmetrical multi-processing) composite material core mold |
| CN114484257B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-03-08 | 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 | 3D printed integrated spherical pressure vessel and processing method |
| CN114368171A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-04-19 | 杭州博适特新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-pressure gas storage tank without inner container |
| CN114953645A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 北京海神动力科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional weaving vehicle-mounted gas hydrogen bottle |
| CN115095789B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-08-18 | 东南大学 | Lining-free cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder and preparation device thereof |
| CN115143386B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-03-22 | 东南大学 | Preparation method of lining-free cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder |
| CN115164091B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-06-18 | 北京海神动力科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional braiding cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage tank |
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