CN113605349A - Novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material and reinforcement method thereof - Google Patents

Novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material and reinforcement method thereof Download PDF

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CN113605349A
CN113605349A CN202111074019.7A CN202111074019A CN113605349A CN 113605349 A CN113605349 A CN 113605349A CN 202111074019 A CN202111074019 A CN 202111074019A CN 113605349 A CN113605349 A CN 113605349A
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袁进科
裴钻
杨森林
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Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料及其加固方法，属于地质保护材料技术领域，包括水溶液以及固体物料，所述固体物料为沙质材料以及高聚物纳米材料，所述水溶液为自来水，所述水溶液以及固体物料的液固比为1:2，所述水溶液以及固体物料通过基质胶结作用形成网膜，所述网膜铺设于沙质斜坡的坡表，所述网膜厚2cm，将沙质斜坡的表面进行包裹并且自然风干形成固化体。该新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料及其加固方法，通过按照沙质斜坡的理论冲刷量以及试验冲刷量进行水溶液质量与固体物料质量的比值调配，并根据理论冲刷量以及试验冲刷量两者进行对比，合理选择液固比，使得固沙材料的防护效果达到最大限度的体现。

Figure 202111074019

The invention discloses a novel high-polymer nano-ecological sand-fixing material and a reinforcing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of geological protection materials, including an aqueous solution and a solid material. It is tap water, and the liquid-solid ratio of the aqueous solution and the solid material is 1:2, and the aqueous solution and the solid material form a mesh film through matrix cementation, and the mesh film is laid on the slope surface of the sandy slope, and the mesh film is thick. 2cm, the surface of the sandy slope is wrapped and air-dried to form a solidified body. The novel high-polymer nano-ecological sand-fixing material and its reinforcement method are formulated according to the theoretical scour amount and the test scour amount of the sandy slope to adjust the ratio of the water solution quality to the solid material quality, and according to both the theoretical scour amount and the test scour amount. In comparison, the liquid-solid ratio is reasonably selected to maximize the protective effect of the sand-fixing material.

Figure 202111074019

Description

Novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material and reinforcement method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological protection materials, and particularly relates to a novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material and a reinforcement method thereof.
Background
Scouring of desert slopes is an extremely complex physical, chemical and biological process. The method is influenced by a plurality of external natural factors, such as sand, terrain, climate, vegetation and the like, and is also interfered by human behaviors, and the factors have complicated interaction. The influence result comprises runoff quantity, splash erosion capacity of rainfall on a sand table and the like, and the parameters depend on rainfall characteristics, geological characteristics, landform, vegetation development and the like.
In the prior art, the sand fixing material is not selected in a mode of being suitable according to local conditions, and early calculation and test cannot be performed according to the local slope environment, so that the sand fixing material cannot achieve the expected ideal effect easily. In order to solve the problems, a novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixing material and a reinforcing method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material and a reinforcing method thereof, aiming at solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a novel high polymer nanometer ecological sand fixation material comprises an aqueous solution and a solid material, wherein the solid material is a sandy material and a high polymer nanometer material, the aqueous solution is tap water, the sandy material, the high polymer nanometer material and the tap water are subjected to ratio blending of the mass of the aqueous solution and the mass of the solid material according to the theoretical scouring amount and the experimental scouring amount of a sandy slope, the liquid-solid ratio of the aqueous solution and the solid material is 1:2, the aqueous solution and the solid material form a net film through matrix cementation, the net film is laid on the slope surface of the sandy slope, the thickness of the net film is 2cm, and the surface of the sandy slope is wrapped and naturally air-dried to form a solidified body.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the theoretical scouring amount of the sandy slope is calculated according to the following mode:
the single-width-diameter flow of the slope surface water and sand flow unit body (the cross-sectional area is 1cm multiplied by 1cm) with the length delta x is changed into
Figure BDA0003261427330000021
And under the influence of rainfall and infiltration factors, the single-width-diameter flow of the slope water and sand flow unit body with the length delta x is (Q-I) cos theta delta x, and the single-width-diameter flow at the slope length S is as follows:
Figure BDA0003261427330000022
in the formula: q is the single width flow (m) of the unit body of the water and sand flow2S); q is single wide rainfall intensity (m/s); i is single-width infiltration coefficient (m/s); s is the slope length (m); θ is slope (°);
the flow velocity v of the water and sand flow at the slope length S can be obtained by the Manning formula as follows:
Figure BDA0003261427330000023
in the formula: v is the flow velocity (m/s) of the water sand flow; h is the average depth (m) of water infiltration; θ is slope (°); n is the equivalent roughness coefficient of the slope;
combining formula (1) and formula (2) to give formula (3):
Figure BDA0003261427330000024
according to the law of conservation of energy, the scouring action of the water and sand flow can be analyzed through energy conversion, and by analyzing the material change and the energy conversion of the water and sand flow in the process of flowing on the slope, a water and sand body scouring energy balance equation is established as follows:
Figure BDA0003261427330000025
in the formula: ehIs the initial potential energy (J) of the water-sand flow unit at the top of the slope; e1 vThe kinetic energy (J) of the water-sand flow unit at the top of the slope; efFriction energy consumption (J) when the water and sand flow unit flows through the slope; e2 vFor water-sand flow units at the toe of a slopeKinetic energy (J);
because the slope surface catchment condition does not exist on the natural desert slope, namely the initial speed of the water-sand flow unit body at the top of the slope is 0, according to the formula (4), namely E1 vIs zero; initial potential energy E at the top of the slopehSee formula (5):
Eh＝mgH＝mgS sinθ (5)
in the formula: m is the initial mass (kg) of the water-sand flow unit; h is the initial slope height (m) of the water-sand flow unit;
the friction energy consumption of the water and sand flow unit when flowing through the slope is related to the mass change of the unit body; from the formula (1), the slope flow change is linearly related to the slope length, and the sand content is much smaller than the water flow, so that the water-sand flow change is approximately considered to be linearly related to the slope length, and the water-sand flow quality at any distance x of the slope is
Figure BDA0003261427330000031
The frictional energy consumption being related to the frictional force, i.e. friction
Figure BDA0003261427330000032
The friction energy is calculated as:
Figure BDA0003261427330000033
in the formula: Δ m is the water sand flow change (kg);
the united vertical type (4), (5) and the formula (6) obtain a water sand body scouring energy balance equation:
mgSsinθ＝ngS(m+0.5Δm)cosθ+0.5(m+Δm)v2 (7)
in the formula: v is the velocity (m/s) of the water sand flow at the toe of the slope;
obtaining a water and sand rheological variable calculation formula through the formula (7):
Figure BDA0003261427330000034
since the water-sand flow change amount Δ m is the sum of the water change amount Δ Q and the sand change amount Δ m', the water-sand flow change amount Δ m is smaller than the sand flow change amount Δ Q
Δmˊ＝Δm-ΔQ (9)
In the formula: Δ Q is the amount of change in water (kg); Δ m' is the amount of change in sand (kg);
the variation Δ Q of the water in equation (9) is related to the water flow Q and the time t, where t is:
Figure BDA0003261427330000035
in the formula: t is the slope catchment time(s);
combining formulae (1), (3), (9), and (10) to give the following formula:
Figure BDA0003261427330000041
Δ m' in formula (11) is the amount of change in sand, the total amount of sand washed is to be considered in conjunction with the total flow of water; catchment on the slope approximately equals the total flow at the toe, i.e.
M＝ρVB (12)
In the formula: ρ is the density of water (kg/m)3) (ii) a V is the volume of water (m)3) (ii) a The flow and time conversion can be carried out; b is the slope width (m);
according to equations (11) and (12), the total sand-wash quantity can be obtained, namely:
Figure BDA0003261427330000042
in the formula: m' is the total flush (g); and m is the initial unit mass of the water sand flow and is 0.1 kg.
The technical scheme is further optimized, and by influencing the slope scouring, parameters of rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, gradient, equivalent rough coefficient and permeability coefficient are reasonably selected and are carried into the formula (13), so that theoretical calculation results of scouring amounts under different conditions are obtained.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the test scouring amount of the sandy slope is calculated according to the following mode:
selecting four factors of rain intensity, gradient, duration and different liquid-solid ratios to carry out indoor scouring simulation tests, wherein the test rainfall intensity is 150mm/h, 200mm/h and 250mm/h, and the rainfall converted by a rain intensity formula is respectively 3.5L/min, 4.6L/min and 5.8L/min; the rainfall lasts for 10min, 20min and 30 min; the gradient is 30 degrees, 40 degrees and 50 degrees; the liquid-solid ratio is 0:0, 1:2 and 1: 3; nine groups of tests are respectively designed through an orthogonal method, and the influence of different influence factors on the simulated slope surface scouring is known through the scouring magnitude value and the infiltration rate change of the nine groups of tests.
A strengthening method of a novel high polymer nanometer ecological sand fixation material is based on the strengthening of the novel high polymer nanometer ecological sand fixation material, and comprises the following concrete strengthening steps:
s1, mixing the aqueous solution and the solid material according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1:2 to prepare the membrane, wherein the aqueous solution and the solid material form a membrane through matrix cementation;
s2, paving the surface of the sandy slope by adopting a C25 concrete rib framework;
s3, installing an anchor rod and hanging a net, and paving the net film in the S1;
and S4, performing regular maintenance at the later stage.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in the step S3, the thickness of the net film is laid to be 2cm, the surface of the sandy slope is wrapped, and the sandy slope is naturally air-dried to form a solidified body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material and a reinforcing method thereof, and the novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material has the following beneficial effects:
according to the novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material and the reinforcement method thereof, the ratio of the quality of the aqueous solution to the quality of the solid material is prepared according to the theoretical scouring amount and the experimental scouring amount of a sand slope, the comparison is carried out according to the theoretical scouring amount and the experimental scouring amount, and the liquid-solid ratio is selected reasonably, so that the protection effect of the sand fixation material is reflected to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a novel reinforcement method of a high polymer nano ecological sand-fixing material provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test model of a novel high polymer nano ecological sand-fixing material provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a novel high polymer nanometer ecological sand fixation material comprises an aqueous solution and a solid material, wherein the solid material is a sandy material and a high polymer nanometer material, the aqueous solution is tap water, the sandy material, the high polymer nanometer material and the tap water are subjected to ratio blending of the mass of the aqueous solution and the mass of the solid material according to the theoretical scouring amount and the experimental scouring amount of a sandy slope, the liquid-solid ratio of the aqueous solution and the solid material is 1:2, the aqueous solution and the solid material form a net film through matrix cementation, the net film is laid on the slope surface of the sandy slope, the thickness of the net film is 2cm, and the surface of the sandy slope is wrapped and naturally air-dried to form a solidified body.
Specifically, the theoretical scouring amount of the sandy slope is calculated according to the following mode:
the single-width-diameter flow of the slope surface water and sand flow unit body (the cross-sectional area is 1cm multiplied by 1cm) with the length delta x is changed into
Figure BDA0003261427330000061
And under the influence of rainfall and infiltration factors, the single-width-diameter flow of the slope water and sand flow unit body with the length delta x is (Q-I) cos theta delta x, and the single-width-diameter flow at the slope length S is as follows:
Figure BDA0003261427330000062
in the formula: q is the single width flow (m) of the unit body of the water and sand flow2S); q is single wide rainfall intensity (m/s); i is single-width infiltration coefficient (m/s); s is the slope length (m); θ is slope (°);
the flow velocity v of the water and sand flow at the slope length S can be obtained by the Manning formula as follows:
Figure BDA0003261427330000063
in the formula: v is the flow velocity (m/s) of the water sand flow; h is the average depth (m) of water infiltration; θ is slope (°); n is the equivalent roughness coefficient of the slope;
combining formula (1) and formula (2) to give formula (3):
Figure BDA0003261427330000064
according to the law of conservation of energy, the scouring action of the water and sand flow can be analyzed through energy conversion, and by analyzing the material change and the energy conversion of the water and sand flow in the process of flowing on the slope, a water and sand body scouring energy balance equation is established as follows:
Figure BDA0003261427330000065
in the formula: ehIs the initial potential energy (J) of the water-sand flow unit at the top of the slope; e1 vThe kinetic energy (J) of the water-sand flow unit at the top of the slope; efFriction energy consumption (J) when the water and sand flow unit flows through the slope; e2 vThe kinetic energy (J) of the water-sand flow unit at the toe of the slope;
because the slope surface catchment condition does not exist on the natural desert slope, namely the initial speed of the water-sand flow unit body at the top of the slope is 0, according to the formula (4), namely E1 vIs zero; initial potential energy E at the top of the slopehSee formula (5):
Eh＝mgH＝mgS sinθ (5)
in the formula: m is the initial mass (kg) of the water-sand flow unit; h is the initial slope height (m) of the water-sand flow unit;
the friction energy consumption of the water and sand flow unit when flowing through the slope is related to the mass change of the unit body; from the formula (1), the slope flow change is linearly related to the slope length, and the sand content is much smaller than the water flow, so that the water-sand flow change is approximately considered to be linearly related to the slope length, and the water-sand flow quality at any distance x of the slope is
Figure BDA0003261427330000071
The frictional energy consumption being related to the frictional force, i.e. friction
Figure BDA0003261427330000072
The friction energy is calculated as:
Figure BDA0003261427330000073
in the formula: Δ m is the water sand flow change (kg);
the united vertical type (4), (5) and the formula (6) obtain a water sand body scouring energy balance equation:
mgSsinθ＝ngS(m+0.5Δm)cosθ+0.5(m+Δm)v2 (7)
in the formula: v is the velocity (m/s) of the water sand flow at the toe of the slope;
obtaining a water and sand rheological variable calculation formula through the formula (7):
Figure BDA0003261427330000074
since the water-sand flow change amount Δ m is the sum of the water change amount Δ Q and the sand change amount Δ m', the water-sand flow change amount Δ m is smaller than the sand flow change amount Δ Q
Δmˊ＝Δm-ΔQ (9)
In the formula: Δ Q is the amount of change in water (kg); Δ m' is the amount of change in sand (kg);
the variation Δ Q of the water in equation (9) is related to the water flow Q and the time t, where t is:
Figure BDA0003261427330000081
in the formula: t is the slope catchment time(s);
combining formulae (1), (3), (9), and (10) to give the following formula:
Figure BDA0003261427330000082
Δ m' in formula (11) is the amount of change in sand, the total amount of sand washed is to be considered in conjunction with the total flow of water; catchment on the slope approximately equals the total flow at the toe, i.e.
M＝ρVB (12)
In the formula: ρ is the density of water (kg/m)3) (ii) a V is the volume of water (m)3) (ii) a The flow and time conversion can be carried out; b is the slope width (m);
according to equations (11) and (12), the total sand-wash quantity can be obtained, namely:
Figure BDA0003261427330000083
in the formula: m' is the total flush (g); and m is the initial unit mass of the water sand flow and is 0.1 kg.
Specifically, parameters of rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, gradient, equivalent roughness coefficient and permeability coefficient are reasonably selected by influencing the slope scouring, and are brought into the formula (13), so that theoretical calculation results of scouring amounts under different conditions are obtained.
Specifically, the test scouring amount of the sandy slope is calculated according to the following mode:
as shown in fig. 2, in the test model, four factors of rain intensity, gradient, duration and different liquid-solid ratios are selected to carry out an indoor scouring simulation test, the test rainfall intensity is 150mm/h, 200mm/h and 250mm/h, and the rainfall is converted by a rain intensity formula to be 3.5L/min, 4.6L/min and 5.8L/min respectively; the rainfall lasts for 10min, 20min and 30 min; the gradient is 30 degrees, 40 degrees and 50 degrees; the liquid-solid ratio is 0:0, 1:2 and 1: 3; nine groups of tests are respectively designed through an orthogonal method, and the influence of different influence factors on the simulated slope surface scouring is known through the scouring magnitude value and the infiltration rate change of the nine groups of tests. The results of the nine sets of simulations are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 rainfall erosion simulation test theoretical calculation and test comparison
Figure BDA0003261427330000091
Figure BDA0003261427330000101
It can be seen from table 1 that the analysis test value is closer to the calculated value, but the equivalent roughness coefficient changes with the change of the rainfall erosion test parameter, and through comparison, the slope of the 1:2 liquid-solid ratio reinforcing material generates more runoff, the sand-covered particles are larger, and the corresponding erosion amount is also larger.
Example two:
referring to fig. 1, a method for reinforcing a novel high polymer nano ecological sand-fixing material, based on the embodiment, includes the following specific reinforcing steps:
s1, mixing the aqueous solution and the solid material according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1:2 to prepare the membrane, wherein the aqueous solution and the solid material form a membrane through matrix cementation;
s2, paving the surface of the sandy slope by adopting a C25 concrete rib framework;
s3, installing an anchor rod and hanging a net, and paving the net film in the S1;
and S4, performing regular maintenance at the later stage.
Specifically, in S3, the net film is laid to a thickness of 2cm, and the surface of the sandy slope is wrapped and naturally air-dried to form a solidified body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the novel high polymer nano ecological sand fixation material and the reinforcement method thereof, the ratio of the quality of the aqueous solution to the quality of the solid material is prepared according to the theoretical scouring amount and the experimental scouring amount of a sand slope, the comparison is carried out according to the theoretical scouring amount and the experimental scouring amount, and the liquid-solid ratio is selected reasonably, so that the protection effect of the sand fixation material is reflected to the maximum extent.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1.一种新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料，包括水溶液以及固体物料，其特征在于，所述固体物料为沙质材料以及高聚物纳米材料，所述水溶液为自来水，所述沙质材料、高聚物纳米材料以及自来水按照沙质斜坡的理论冲刷量以及试验冲刷量进行水溶液质量与固体物料质量的比值调配，所述水溶液以及固体物料的液固比为1:2，所述水溶液以及固体物料通过基质胶结作用形成网膜，所述网膜铺设于沙质斜坡的坡表，所述网膜厚2cm，将沙质斜坡的表面进行包裹并且自然风干形成固化体。1. a novel high-polymer nano-ecological sand-fixing material, including aqueous solution and solid material, is characterized in that, described solid material is sandy material and high-polymer nanomaterial, and described aqueous solution is tap water, and described sandy material, The high polymer nanomaterials and the tap water are prepared according to the theoretical scour amount and the test scour amount of the sandy slope, and the ratio of the water solution quality to the solid material quality is adjusted. The liquid-solid ratio of the aqueous solution and the solid material is 1:2. The material forms a mesh film through matrix cementation, the mesh film is laid on the slope surface of the sandy slope, the mesh film is 2 cm thick, and the surface of the sandy slope is wrapped and naturally air-dried to form a solidified body. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料，其特征在于，所述沙质斜坡的理论冲刷量按照以下方式进行计算：2. a kind of novel high polymer nanometer ecological sand-fixing material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the theoretical scour amount of described sandy slope is calculated according to the following manner: 通过长度Δx的坡面水沙流单元体(横断面积为1cm×1cm)单宽径流量变化为
Figure FDA0003261427320000011
而在降雨和入渗因素影响下长度Δx的坡面水沙流单元体单宽径流量为(Q-I)cosθΔx，则坡长S处的单宽径流量为：The change of single-width runoff flow through the unit body of water and sand flow on the slope with length Δx (cross-sectional area is 1cm×1cm) is:
Figure FDA0003261427320000011
Under the influence of rainfall and infiltration factors, the single-width runoff of the slope water-sand flow unit body with length Δx is (QI)cosθΔx, then the single-width runoff at the slope length S is:
Figure FDA0003261427320000012
Figure FDA0003261427320000012
 式中：q为水沙流单元体单宽流量(m2/s)；Q为单宽降雨强度(m/s)；I为单宽入渗系数(m/s)；S为坡长(m)；θ为坡度(°)；Where: q is the single-width flow rate of the water-sand flow unit body (m 2 /s); Q is the single-width rainfall intensity (m/s); I is the single-width infiltration coefficient (m/s); S is the slope length (m ); θ is the slope (°); 通过曼宁公式可得坡长S处的水沙流流速v为：Through Manning's formula, the water-sand flow velocity v at the slope length S can be obtained as:
Figure FDA0003261427320000013
Figure FDA0003261427320000013
 式中：v为水沙流流速(m/s)；h为水流入渗平均深度(m)；θ为坡度(°)；n为坡面等效粗糙系数；where v is the flow velocity of water and sand flow (m/s); h is the average depth of water inflow (m); θ is the slope (°); n is the equivalent roughness coefficient of the slope; 结合式(1)和式(2)，得到式(3)：Combining formula (1) and formula (2), formula (3) is obtained:
Figure FDA0003261427320000014
Figure FDA0003261427320000014
 根据能量守恒定律，水沙流的冲刷作用可以通过能量转换来分析，通过分析水沙流在坡面流动过程中的物质变化和能量转换，建立水沙体冲刷能量平衡方程为：According to the law of conservation of energy, the scouring effect of water-sand flow can be analyzed by energy conversion. By analyzing the material change and energy conversion of water-sand flow in the process of slope flow, the energy balance equation of water-sand body scouring is established as:
Figure FDA0003261427320000021
Figure FDA0003261427320000021
 式中：Eh为水沙流单元在坡顶的初始势能(J)；E1 v为水沙流单元在坡顶的动能(J)；Ef为水沙流单元流经坡面时的摩擦耗能(J)；E2 v为水沙流单元在坡脚的动能(J)；where E h is the initial potential energy of the water-sand flow unit at the top of the slope (J); E 1 v is the kinetic energy of the water-sand flow unit at the top of the slope (J); E f is the frictional energy dissipation of the water-sand flow unit when it flows through the slope (J); E 2 v is the kinetic energy of the water-sand flow unit at the foot of the slope (J); 因自然沙质斜坡不存在坡面汇水条件，即坡顶的水沙流单元体初始速度为0，根据公式(4)，即E1 v为零；在坡顶的初始势能Eh计算见式(5)：Since the natural sandy slope does not have slope catchment conditions, that is, the initial velocity of the water-sand flow unit body at the top of the slope is 0, according to formula (4), that is, E 1 v is zero; the initial potential energy E h at the top of the slope is calculated as shown in the formula (5): Eh＝mgH＝mgS sinθ (5)E h = mgH = mgS sinθ (5) 式中：m为水沙流单元初始质量(kg)；H为水沙流单元初始坡高(m)；where m is the initial mass of the water-sand flow unit (kg); H is the initial slope height of the water-sand flow unit (m); 对于水沙流单元流经坡面时的摩擦耗能与单元体的质量变化有关；从式(1)可以看出坡面流量变化与坡长成线性关系，同时含沙量要比水流量小得多，因此近似认为水沙流变化量与坡长成线性关系，于是在坡面任意距离x处的水沙流质量为
Figure FDA0003261427320000022
摩擦耗能与摩擦力相关，即摩擦力
Figure FDA0003261427320000023
则摩擦能计算式为：For the water-sand flow unit flowing through the slope, the frictional energy consumption is related to the mass change of the unit body; from equation (1), it can be seen that the slope surface flow change has a linear relationship with the slope length, and the sediment content is smaller than the water flow rate. Therefore, it is approximately considered that the variation of water and sand flow has a linear relationship with the slope length, so the quality of water and sand flow at any distance x on the slope surface is
Figure FDA0003261427320000022
Frictional energy dissipation is related to frictional force, i.e. frictional force
Figure FDA0003261427320000023
The friction energy can be calculated as:
Figure FDA0003261427320000024
Figure FDA0003261427320000024
 式中：Δm为水沙流变化量(kg)；In the formula: Δm is the change of water and sand flow (kg); 联立式(4)(5)和式(6)得到水沙体冲刷能量平衡方程：Combining equations (4) (5) and (6) to obtain the energy balance equation of water-sand scour: mgS sinθ＝ngS(m+0.5Δm)cosθ+0.5(m+Δm)v2 (7)mgS sinθ=ngS(m+0.5Δm)cosθ+0.5(m+Δm)v 2 (7) 式中：v为水沙流在坡脚的速度(m/s)；In the formula: v is the velocity of water and sand flow at the foot of the slope (m/s); 通过式(7)得到水沙流变化量计算式：The calculation formula for the change of water and sand flow is obtained by formula (7):
Figure FDA0003261427320000025
Figure FDA0003261427320000025
 由于水沙流变化量Δm为水变化量ΔQ和沙变化量Δmˊ之和，则Since the water-sand flow change Δm is the sum of the water change ΔQ and the sand change Δmˊ, then Δmˊ＝Δm-ΔQ (9)Δmˊ＝Δm-ΔQ (9) 式中：ΔQ为水的变化量(kg)；Δmˊ为沙的变化量(kg)；In the formula: ΔQ is the change of water (kg); Δmˊ is the change of sand (kg); 式(9)中水的变化量ΔQ与水流量q和时间t相关，时间t为：The water change ΔQ in formula (9) is related to the water flow q and the time t, and the time t is:
Figure FDA0003261427320000031
Figure FDA0003261427320000031
 式中：t为坡面汇水时间(s)；In the formula: t is the catchment time of the slope surface (s); 结合式(1)、(3)、(9)和(10)，得到下式：Combining equations (1), (3), (9) and (10), the following equations are obtained:
Figure FDA0003261427320000032
Figure FDA0003261427320000032
 式(11)中的Δmˊ为沙的变化量，总的冲沙量要结合水的总流量来考虑；坡面上的汇水量近似等于坡脚处的总流量，即Δmˊ in Equation (11) is the change in sand, and the total flushing amount should be considered in combination with the total water flow; the catchment on the slope is approximately equal to the total flow at the foot of the slope, that is, M＝ρVB (12)M=ρVB (12) 式中：ρ为水的密度(kg/m3)；V为水的体积(m3)；可通过流量和时间换算；B为斜坡宽度(m)；In the formula: ρ is the density of water (kg/m 3 ); V is the volume of water (m 3 ); it can be converted by flow rate and time; B is the slope width (m); 根据式(11)和(12)，可得到总的冲沙量，即：According to equations (11) and (12), the total flushing amount can be obtained, namely:
Figure FDA0003261427320000033
Figure FDA0003261427320000033
 式中：Mˊ为总的冲刷量(g)；m为水沙流初始单元质量，0.1kg。In the formula: Mˊ is the total scour amount (g); m is the initial unit mass of water-sand flow, 0.1kg. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料，其特征在于，通过对坡面冲刷影响，对降雨强度、降雨持时、坡度、等效粗糙系数和渗透系数的参数进行合理选取，并带入式(13)中，得到不同条件下冲刷量的理论计算结果。3. A novel high-polymer nano-ecological sand-fixing material according to claim 2, characterized in that, through the influence of scouring on the slope, the parameters of rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, slope, equivalent roughness coefficient and permeability coefficient Reasonable selection is made and brought into formula (13) to obtain the theoretical calculation results of the scour amount under different conditions. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料，其特征在于，所述沙质斜坡的试验冲刷量按照以下方式进行计算：4. a kind of novel high polymer nano ecological sand-fixing material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the test scour amount of described sandy slope is calculated according to the following manner: 选取雨强、坡度、持时和不同液固比四个因素进行室内冲刷模拟试验，试验降雨强度为150mm/h、200mm/h、250mm/h，通过雨强公式换算降雨量分别为3.5L/min、4.6L/min、5.8L/min；降雨持时为10min、20min、30min；坡度为30°、40°、50°；液固比为0:0、1:2、1:3；通过正交方法分别设计九组试验，通过九组试验的冲刷量值和下渗速率变化，了解不同影响因子对模拟斜坡坡面冲刷的影响。Four factors of rain intensity, slope, duration and different liquid-solid ratios were selected to conduct indoor scouring simulation experiments. The experimental rainfall intensities were 150mm/h, 200mm/h, and 250mm/h, and the rainfall was converted into 3.5L/h by the rain intensity formula. min, 4.6L/min, 5.8L/min; rainfall duration is 10min, 20min, 30min; slope is 30°, 40°, 50°; liquid-solid ratio is 0:0, 1:2, 1:3; Nine sets of experiments were designed by orthogonal method, and the effect of different influencing factors on the erosion of simulated slope slopes was understood through the changes of the scour value and infiltration rate of the nine sets of experiments. 5.一种新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料的加固方法，其特征在于，基于权利要求1-4所述的一种新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料进行加固，包括以下具体加固步骤：5. the reinforcement method of a novel high-polymer nano-ecological sand-fixing material, is characterized in that, based on a kind of novel high-polymer nano-ecological sand-fixing material described in claim 1-4, reinforce, comprise following concrete reinforcement steps: S1、按照液固比为1:2对水溶液以及固体物料进行混合制备，所述水溶液以及固体物料通过基质胶结作用形成网膜；S1, according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1:2, the aqueous solution and the solid material are prepared by mixing, and the aqueous solution and the solid material form an omentum through matrix cementation; S2、在沙质斜坡的表面采用C25混凝土肋条骨架进行铺设；S2. Use C25 concrete rib skeleton for laying on the surface of the sandy slope; S3、安设锚杆并进行挂网，将S1中的网膜进行铺设；S3, install the anchor rod and hang the net, and lay the omentum in S1; S4、后期进行定期养护。S4, carry out regular maintenance in the later stage. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种新型高聚物纳米生态固沙材料的加固方法，其特征在于，所述S3中，网膜铺设厚度为2cm，将沙质斜坡的表面进行包裹并且自然风干形成固化体。6. the reinforcement method of a kind of novel high-polymer nano ecological sand-fixing material according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in described S3, the thickness of omentum laying is 2cm, the surface of sandy slope is wrapped and naturally air-dried form a solidified body.
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