CN113605264B - Overlength tunnel entry sunshade sight induction system under water - Google Patents
Overlength tunnel entry sunshade sight induction system under water Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/06—Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Securing anti-dazzle means to crash-barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/20—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre-optic devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
- E01F9/506—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users characterised by the road surface marking material, e.g. comprising additives for improving friction or reflectivity; Methods of forming, installing or applying markings in, on or to road surfaces
- E01F9/512—Preformed road surface markings, e.g. of sheet material; Methods of applying preformed markings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
- E01F9/576—Traffic lines
- E01F9/582—Traffic lines illuminated
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of a super-long underwater tunnel entrance shading shed, in particular to a sight line induction system of the super-long underwater tunnel entrance shading shed, which consists of a door frame, a top light distribution film, a side part air permeable film, a girdle line and a raised road sign, wherein the door frame can shield direct light in a field of view of 18-25 degrees at the starting point of a downhill section and an identification field of view of 8-15 degrees at a visual distance, the top light distribution film is a convex lens, the focus is positioned between the middle part and the bottom part of the girdle line, the light reflection rate is low, the light transmittance is gradually reduced, the sunlight distribution and the oriented brightening girdle line are realized to strengthen induction and brightness transition, the stroboscopic effect and the zebra effect are relieved, the side part air permeable film is of a louver type, the air permeable and the direct light cannot be transmitted, the girdle line is strengthened and induced by visual illusion, a solar panel is paved on the door frame to supply power for the raised road sign, the strengthened induction, and the solar transition of the solar panel is formed into the solar light transition of the downhill section of the super-long underwater tunnel entrance, and the stroboscopic effect and the zebra effect are relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of super-long underwater tunnel entrance shading sheds, in particular to a sight line induction system of a super-long underwater tunnel entrance shading shed, and particularly relates to a system for relieving a stroboscopic effect and a zebra effect by double sunlight transition of a downslope section of a super-long underwater tunnel entrance and strengthening sight line induction by utilizing sunlight directional light emitting, solar energy and visual illusion.
Background
The ultra-long underwater tunnel has higher requirements on traffic safety, particularly has large downhill and longitudinal slopes at the tunnel entrance area, more lanes, high vehicle speed and more severe brightness change, and the driving environment provides higher requirements on the capabilities of vehicle speed control, vehicle distance control and lane keeping of a driver and higher requirements on the sight line induction efficacy at the tunnel entrance area.
In the process of driving into a tunnel in the daytime, the illumination intensity changes violently, visual discomfort of a driver is caused, the visual recognition function is reduced, the phenomenon is called black hole effect, bad driving behaviors are easily induced, and traffic accidents are caused. At present, the black hole effect at the entrance of the tunnel is relieved, and a more effective method is to arrange a shading facility. The domestic shading facilities mainly comprise two types of shading sheds and sunshade sheds, which have advantages and disadvantages, and the performances are mutually complemented to a certain degree, so that the shading facilities combining the advantages of the shading sheds and the sunshade sheds are not available at present. The shading canopy can effectively shelter from the sun direct light, is favorable to the tunnel ventilation, but the illumination transition effect is not showing remarkably, fails to shelter from the wet and slippery entrance to a cave that sleet caused, aggravates entrance to a cave safety risk. The sunshade can effectively realize the inside and outside illumination gradient transition in hole, and the reduction of entrance to a cave road surface adhesion coefficient is aroused in prevention sleet weather, but fails to effectively shelter from the direct sunlight, and the function of anti-dazzle is not showing significantly.
The existing shading facility, no matter a shading shed or a shading shed, under natural light, vertical and horizontal shadows of the stand column and the cross beam on the road surface and the side wall are more, the brightness unevenness is larger, and the zebra effect, the stroboscopic effect caused by the arrangement of the space between the stand column and the cross beam are almost unavoidable. Meanwhile, the existing sunshade mostly adopts a structural mode that longitudinal and transverse frameworks are arranged inside and a film is arranged outside, so that the vision of a driver is difficult to avoid being influenced by the light and shadow effect formed by the connecting structure and the auxiliary structure. The three types of negative effects have great negative effects on the psychology and physiology of the driver, influence the dynamic visual perception of the driver and obviously increase the visual load of the driver. The method for reducing the negative effects of the three types can adopt the measures of shielding, desalting and blurring, smoothen and level the inner surface of the facility, reasonably set the diffuse reflectance of the inner surface and the like besides reducing the sizes and the number of the upright columns and the cross beams.
The road side ambient brightness outside the tunnel is close to the road surface brightness, and the ratio of the road side ambient brightness to the road surface brightness is close to 1. The brightness of the side wall in the hole is lower than that of the road surface, and the ratio of the brightness of the side wall in the hole to the brightness of the road surface is close to 0.5-0.7. Different lateral background brightness and road surface brightness ratios affect the dynamic visibility, speed perception and vehicle distance perception of a driver, and further affect the traffic safety of a tunnel entrance. The existing shading facilities are often neglected the linkage gradual change of the side brightness and the road surface brightness.
The brightness of the sky background outside the hole is far higher than the brightness of the road surface, the brightness of the top inside the hole is far lower than the brightness of the road surface, and the ratio of the brightness of the top inside and outside the hole to the brightness of the road surface is much higher than the ratio of the brightness of the outside and inside the hole to the brightness of the road surface, so that the dynamic visual recognition capability and the space perception of a driver are influenced, and the visual illusion is easily caused. The existing shading facility is often neglected the linkage gradual change of the top brightness and the road surface brightness. In the process of going from the outside of the tunnel to the inside of the tunnel, the ratio of the road surface brightness, the road side brightness and the top brightness under the shading facility has an orderly linkage gradual change so as to reduce the influence of the black hole effect and the space effect on the visual recognition of a driver.
The side of the shading facility is provided with holes to form a specific shape and arrangement, and the visual induction effect of the sight line induction facility can be achieved by changing the local position brightness contrast by using natural light. However, in the process from the outside of the hole to the inside of the hole, the brightness of the space under the shed is gradually reduced, so that the brightness of the opening is required to be gradually reduced on the premise that the glare caused by the overhigh brightness is avoided. Namely, in the process from the outside to the inside of the hole, the brightness of the opening hole is changed in linkage mode according to the space brightness, and the brightness contrast of the opening hole and the space brightness is kept in a proper range or is orderly linked and gradually changed. Existing dimming facilities are often set up to ignore this requirement.
At present, the semitransparent films on the side part and the top part of the sunshade usually adopt a single shape, light rays penetrate through the brightness of the space under the whole sunshade of the film, the light rays cannot be intensively used for illuminating pavement markings which influence the traffic safety of a tunnel entrance under the sunshade, the brightness level of the markings relative to the pavement is improved, and the induction effect of lane keeping at the tunnel entrance is favorably strengthened.
The significance of the lane boundaries within the shading facility is of critical importance, whether day or night. In the daytime, due to the zebra effect, the stroboscopic effect and the black hole effect, the visibility of the lane marking is reduced to a certain extent, and the lane keeping is not favorable. At night, due to the fact that the white hole effect and the retro-reflective marked lines do not emit light automatically, visibility of the marked lines of the driving lane is reduced to a certain degree, and the marked lines of the driving lane are also unfavorable for lane keeping. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the brightness of the reticle in the dimming facility and to realize the autonomous lighting function. The scheme for solving the problems is that the marking line is directly illuminated by natural light in the daytime, and the electric energy converted and stored by solar energy is used for supplying power to the self-luminous raised road sign to strengthen the boundary line of the traffic lane at night.
Finally, the self-luminous means are distinguished from the retroreflective means by the different visual characteristics caused by the light emission. In the driving process from far to near, the brightness of pupils of a driver is weaker and weaker due to the retro-reflection facilities, and the full-process visual recognition and glare prevention of human eyes are facilitated. In the process of self-luminous facilities from far to near, the brightness is brighter and brighter, even dazzling, so that ground glare is formed, and interference is generated on driving dynamic vision. The sequential gradual change method of light of self-luminous facilities, such as self-luminous raised road signs, is one of the key problems which are not solved in the application and research and development fields of the self-luminous facilities at present.
Generally, under the influence of the daytime black hole effect, the nighttime white hole effect, the zebra effect and the stroboscopic effect of the tunnel entrance, as well as the gradual change of the linkage of the road surface, the side part and the top part, the reasonable range of the local brightness contrast, the importance of the under-shed lane keeping and the insufficient research of the implementation mode, and the like, the existing dimming facility has a plurality of defects in the aspects of traffic safety, comfort and the like, and a high-efficiency dimming and sight line induction facility applied to the tunnel entrance is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a sight line induction system of a shading shed at an entrance of an ultralong underwater tunnel, which comprises a door frame, a top light distribution film, a side air permeable film, a belt line and a raised road sign, wherein the door frame can shield direct light in a field of view of 18-25 degrees at the starting point of a downhill section and identify a field of view of 8-15 degrees at a visual distance, the top light distribution film arranged at the inner side of the door frame is a convex lens, the focal length is positioned at the middle part or the bottom part of the belt line, the light reflection rate is low, the light transmittance is gradually reduced, the sunlight distribution and directional brightening belt line are realized to strengthen induction and brightness transition, the stroboscopic effect and the zebra effect are relieved, the side air permeable film is a louver type, the direct light is not transmitted, the belt line is strengthened and induced by visual illusion, a solar panel is laid on the light facing surface of the door frame to supply power for the raised road sign, the strengthened induction is formed to form dual sunlight transition of the downhill section of the entrance of the ultralong underwater tunnel, the system has the advantages that the stroboscopic effect and the zebra effect are relieved, the sunlight distribution directional light emitting, the solar energy and the visual illusion are utilized to strengthen the sight line induction system, and the traffic safety and the comfort of the tunnel entrance downhill segment are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme applied by the invention is as follows:
a sight line induction system of a shading shed at an entrance of an ultralong underwater tunnel comprises a double sunlight transition of a tunnel entrance downhill section, wherein the double sunlight transition is formed by a portal frame, a side breathable film, a top light distribution film, a self-luminous raised road sign and a combined belt line, a stroboscopic effect and a zebra effect are relieved, and the sight line induction system is strengthened by utilizing sunlight light distribution directional light emission, solar energy and visual illusion.
According to the scheme, the door frames, the lateral breathable films and the top light distribution films jointly form a double sunlight transition system with complementary advantages and mutually separated ventilation, the door frames are longitudinally arranged to form an outer shading structure, the outer shading structure is mainly used for shading direct sunlight and relieving incapability glare, the light reduction transition function is used as an auxiliary function, the inner shading structure is formed by surrounding the lateral breathable films and the top light distribution films, the light reduction transition function is mainly used, the zebra effect, the stroboscopic effect and the discomfort glare are relieved as an auxiliary function, the outer shading structure and the inner shading structure are mutually separated, a certain distance is kept, a certain shape difference is kept, and ventilation and air exchange in a tunnel are facilitated. The advantages of the dual modes are complementary, the shading and light transition effects are enhanced, the incapability glare and discomfort glare are relieved, and the ventilation and the influence of rain and snow factors are favorably shielded.
According to the scheme, the height of the portal frame, the distance between the portal frames, the height of the cross beam of the portal frame and the width of the cross beam of the portal frame jointly form the direct sunlight capable of shielding the 18-25-degree view field at the starting point of the downhill section and the direct sunlight capable of shielding the 8-15-degree view field at the identification view distance. The influence of direct solar light on the visual recognition is relieved, and the reduction coefficient of the brightness of the inlet section is reduced.
According to the scheme, the top light distribution film is located on the inner side of the portal frame to shield and relieve the stroboscopic effect of a cross beam of the portal frame, the top light distribution film composed of two convex lenses is arranged above each lane, the combination of the height and the angle of the top light distribution film enables the focus of the top light distribution film and the sunlight directional brightening area to be located between the middle mark of the combined waistband line or the bottom mark of the combined waistband line all the time to achieve sunlight light distribution, directional brightening waistband line and strengthened sight induction, the top light distribution film is not higher than the tunnel lamp, the light reflection rates of the inner surface and the outer surface are not more than 10% to avoid glare of the top light distribution film caused by light, and the light transmittance of the top light distribution film gradually changes from higher 50-75% to lower light distribution not more than 25% along the longitudinal direction to achieve brightness transition.
According to the scheme, the color of the top light distribution film is derived from the characteristic color of the landscape around the tunnel approaching section, the color of the top light distribution film above each lane is different, so that lane keeping induction is realized through planar color, the cross connecting line of the adjacent top light distribution films above the center of the traffic lane adopts the same color as the top light distribution film, the cross connecting line of the adjacent light distribution films above the lane marking is the top longitudinal line, and the top longitudinal line adopts the contrast color of the light distribution films, so that lane keeping induction is realized through linear color. The lane keeping induction of the tunnel entrance is strengthened together.
According to the scheme, the side breathable film is located on the inner side of the door frame to shield and relieve the stroboscopic effect of the upright post of the door frame, and is of a shutter structure, so that the side breathable film is ventilated and breathable but cannot penetrate direct sunlight.
According to the scheme, the composite waistband line comprises a bottom mark, a vertical mark and a middle mark, wherein the middle mark is positioned in the middle of the concrete retaining wall on the roadside, the height is 2.0-3.0 m, green bottom red grains are adopted, the width is 0.3-1.2 m, the bottom mark is positioned at the bottom of the concrete guardrail on the roadside, black bottom yellow grains are adopted, the width is 0.3-0.6 m, the middle mark arrow of the middle mark and the bottom mark arrow of the bottom mark are positioned on the same cross section, the interval meets the high flash frequency of 2.0-3.0 Hz, the front included angle of the middle mark arrow of the middle mark is 30-45 degrees, the rear included angle of the middle mark arrow of the middle mark is alternated by 60 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees, and the front-back included angle of the bottom mark arrow of the bottom mark is 30-45 degrees. And forming a reinforced vehicle speed control induction measure which is suitable for the characteristic of the tunnel downhill section and combines the medium-position, medium-scale and high-frequency information with the low-position, medium-scale and high-frequency information.
According to the scheme, the vertical marks are triangles with top included angles of 5-15 degrees and average caster angles 5-15 degrees larger than the longitudinal slope of the downhill section, so that the visual illusion effect of the camber of the roadside concrete retaining wall is achieved, vehicle speed control is facilitated, the height of the vertical marks is the same as that of the concrete retaining wall, the color of the vertical marks is the same as that of the background color of the middle marks, the interval between the vertical marks meets the middle flashing frequency of 0.5-1.5 Hz, and 3-5 middle mark arrows and bottom mark arrows are arranged in the center of the adjacent vertical marks. And jointly strengthening the vehicle distance keeping induction and the vehicle speed keeping of the tunnel entrance.
According to the scheme, the light-facing surface of the portal frame is provided with a device for converting solar energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy, the device supplies power to the self-luminous raised road signs on the road surface, the self-luminous raised road signs are arranged along the marked lines of the traffic lane, the arrangement distance meets the requirement of high flash frequency, the self-luminous raised road signs and the arrow of the combined type belt line are positioned on the same cross section, and the arrangement range is from the initial position of the system to the whole range of the entrance section in the tunnel. The visibility and the continuity of lane boundary lines of the tunnel entrance in the daytime and at night, the vehicle speed control induction and the lane keeping induction are strengthened together.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) and the black hole effect of the tunnel entrance in daytime is relieved. Orderly transition of the internal brightness and the external brightness of the hole is realized through the shading structure of the outer layer and the shading structure of the inner layer, and the shading and dimming transition effect is enhanced;
2) the advantages of the sunshade and the sunshade are combined, the outer layer shading structure mainly shields direct solar light and assists in light-reducing transition effect, the inner layer shading structure mainly shields zebra effect and stroboscopic effect and takes negative effects of ventilation and rain and snow shielding into consideration;
3) the combination of the shielding solar direct light and the reduction coefficient of the brightness of the entrance section, which is suitable for the characteristics of an underwater tunnel, can shield the solar direct light in a field of view of 18-25 degrees at the starting point of the downhill section and shield the solar direct light in a field of view of 8-15 degrees at the identification visual distance through the combination of the height of the portal, the distance between the portals, the height of the cross beam of the portal and the width of the cross beam of the portal. The influence of direct solar light on the visual recognition is relieved, and the reduction coefficient of the brightness of the inlet section is reduced;
4) firstly, the zebra effect and the stroboscopic effect caused by the upright posts and the cross beams are relieved by the inner film-shaped sun-shading structure, so that the adverse effect of the inner film-shaped sun-shading structure on the sight line induction effect is relieved; secondly, the focal length of the convex lens type top light distribution film is positioned in the middle of the belt line or at the bottom of the belt line so as to realize the effects of sunlight light distribution, directional belt line brightening and sight line strengthening induction; thirdly, the solar energy on the light facing surface of the portal is converted into electric energy and the energy storage device supplies power to the self-luminous raised road signs at a specific arrangement interval on the road surface, so that the boundary line of the traffic lane is lightened, and the night sight line induction is realized; finally, by combining the characteristics of the downhill section of the underwater tunnel and utilizing visual illusion design, the sight induction is strengthened, and the sight induction comprehensive benefits which are beneficial to lane keeping, vehicle distance keeping and vehicle speed control are jointly realized;
5) all-weather work and save the electric energy, simple structure, durable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the entrance shelter of the ultra-long underwater tunnel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the entrance shelter of the ultra-long underwater tunnel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the super-long underwater tunnel entrance shelter of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of directional brightening of solar light distribution according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a detail view of a belt line of the present invention;
1. a gantry; 2. a side breathable film; 3. a top light distribution film; 4. self-luminous raised road signs; 5. marking lines; 6. a tunnel entrance; 7. a cross beam; 8. a column; 9. a composite waistband line; 10. a tunnel luminaire; 11. a top longitudinal line; 12. a concrete guardrail; 13. a concrete retaining wall; 14. a pavement; 16. bottom marking; 17. vertical marking; 18. marking the middle part; 19. the bottom is marked with an arrow; 20. the middle part is marked with an arrow.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the sight line induction system for the shading shed at the entrance of the ultra-long underwater tunnel comprises a double sunlight transition of a tunnel entrance 6 at a downward slope section, which is formed by a portal 1, a side breathable film 2, a top light distribution film 3, a self-luminous raised road sign 4 and a composite waistband line 9, and is used for relieving a stroboscopic effect and a zebra effect and strengthening sight line induction by utilizing sunlight light distribution directional light emission, solar energy and optical illusion. The above constitutes the basic structure of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the door frames 1, the lateral air permeable films 2 and the top light distribution films 3 jointly form a sunlight transition system which is dual, complementary in advantages, mutually separated and compatible in ventilation, the door frames 1 are longitudinally arranged to form an outer layer shading structure, mainly shading direct sunlight and relieving incapability glare, and mainly diminishing light transition effects, the lateral air permeable films 2 and the top light distribution films 3 form an inner layer shading structure, mainly diminishing light transition effects and mainly relieving zebra effect, stroboscopic effect and discomfort glare, and the outer layer shading structure and the inner layer shading structure are mutually separated, keep a certain distance and keep a certain shape difference, so that ventilation and air exchange in the tunnel are facilitated. The advantages of the dual modes are complementary, the shading and light transition effects are enhanced, the incapability glare and discomfort glare are relieved, and the ventilation and the influence of rain and snow factors are favorably shielded.
In the embodiment, the height of the portal 1, the distance between the portals 1, the height of the cross beam 7 of the portal and the width of the cross beam 7 of the portal together form a structure capable of shielding the direct sunlight in the 18-25 degree view field at the starting point of the downhill section and a structure capable of shielding the direct sunlight in the 8-15 degree view field at the identification view distance. The influence of direct solar light on the visual recognition is relieved, and the reduction coefficient of the brightness of the inlet section is reduced.
In this embodiment, the top light distribution film 3 is located inside the portal 1 to block and relieve the stroboscopic effect of the beam 7 of the portal, a top light distribution film 3 composed of two convex lenses is arranged above each lane, the combination of the height and the angle of the top light distribution film 3 can make the focal length of the top light distribution film 3 and the sunlight directional brightening region always located between the middle mark 18 of the combined belt line 9 or the bottom mark 16 of the combined belt line 9, so as to realize the sunlight light distribution, the directional brightening combined belt line 9 and the strengthened sight line induction, the height of the top light distribution film 3 is not higher than the tunnel lamp 10, the reflectivities of the inner and outer surfaces are not more than 10%, so as to avoid the glare of the top light distribution film 3 caused by the light, the light transmittance of the top light distribution film 3 gradually changes from higher 50-75% to lower 25% along the longitudinal direction, a luminance transition is achieved. The stroboscopic effect and the reflection glare at the top and the zebra effect of the road surface 14 are relieved together, the visual line induction is strengthened, and the brightness transition is realized.
In this embodiment, the color of the top light distribution film 3 is derived from the characteristic color of the landscape around the tunnel approaching section, the color of the top light distribution film 3 directly above each lane is differentiated to realize lane keeping guidance by planar color, the cross-over line of the adjacent top light distribution film 3 directly above the center of the lane adopts the same color as the top light distribution film 3, the cross-over line of the adjacent top light distribution film 3 directly above the lane marking is the top longitudinal line 11, and the top longitudinal line 11 adopts the contrast color of the top light distribution film 3 to realize lane keeping guidance by linear color. The lane keeping induction of the tunnel entrance is strengthened together.
In this embodiment, the lateral air-permeable film 2 is located inside the portal 1 to block and relieve the stroboscopic effect of the upright post 8 of the portal, and the lateral air-permeable film 2 is of a louver structure and is air-permeable but not permeable to direct sunlight.
In this embodiment, the composite waistband line 9 is composed of a bottom mark 16, a vertical mark 17 and a middle mark 18, the middle mark 18 is located in the middle of the concrete retaining wall 13 on the roadside, the height is 2.0m to 3.0m, the green bottom red grain is adopted, the width is 0.3m to 1.2m, the bottom mark 16 is located at the bottom of the concrete guardrail 12 on the roadside, the black bottom yellow grain is adopted, the width is 0.3m to 0.6m, the middle mark arrow 20 of the middle mark 18 and the bottom mark arrow 19 of the bottom mark 16 are located on the same cross section, the interval between the middle mark arrow 20 and the bottom mark arrow 19 meets the high flash frequency of 2.0 to 3.0Hz, the included angle in front of the middle mark arrow 20 of the middle mark 18 is 30 degrees to 45 degrees, the included angle in back of the middle mark arrow 20 of the middle mark 18 is changed from 60 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees, and the included angle in front and back of the bottom mark arrow 19 of the bottom mark 16 is 30 degrees to 45 degrees. And forming a reinforced vehicle speed control induction measure which is suitable for the characteristic of the tunnel downhill section and combines the medium-position, medium-scale and high-frequency information with the low-position, medium-scale and high-frequency information.
In this embodiment, the vertical marks 17 are triangles having a top included angle of 5 to 15 ° and an average caster angle 5 to 15 ° larger than that of a longitudinal slope of a downhill section, so as to form an optical illusion effect of camber of the concrete retaining wall 13 on the roadside, which is beneficial to vehicle speed control, the vertical marks 17 have the same height as the concrete retaining wall 13 and the same color as the background color of the middle mark 18, the interval between the vertical marks 17 satisfies a middle flash frequency of 0.5 to 1.5Hz, and 3 to 5 middle mark arrows 20 and bottom mark arrows 19 are arranged in the center of the adjacent vertical marks 17. And the induction of vehicle distance keeping and the vehicle speed keeping of the tunnel entrance 6 are strengthened together.
In this embodiment, the light facing surface of the portal 1 is provided with a device for converting solar energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy, so as to supply power to the self-luminous raised road signs 4 on the road surface 14, the self-luminous raised road signs 4 are arranged along the marking lines 5 of the driveways, the arrangement distance satisfies the high flash frequency, the self-luminous raised road signs and the arrow of the composite waistband line 9 are positioned on the same cross section, and the arrangement range is from the initial position of the system to the whole range of the entrance section in the tunnel. The visibility and continuity of the lane lines of the tunnel entrance 6 during day and night, the vehicle speed control inducement and the lane keeping inducement are all enhanced together.
The setting method of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) the facility is implemented at a tunnel entrance 6, a portal 1 is cast in situ, and a side breathable film 2 and a top light distribution film 3 are pre-prepared and then transported to the site
2) Firstly, building a portal frame 1 which is longitudinally arranged, then coating a lower marking 5 of a painting shed, installing a self-luminous raised road sign 4, finally installing a side breathable film 2 and a top light distribution film 3 which are hung in the portal frame, and adjusting the height and the angle of the top light distribution film 3 to ensure that the focal lengths of the top light distribution film 3 are all positioned at the lower waistband line
3) Under the condition of large side wind of the tunnel, the number and the structural section size of the connecting auxiliary facilities among the portal frame 1, the side breathable film 2 and the top light distribution film 3 can be properly increased;
4) the daily maintenance mainly comprises cleaning the outer surface layer and the inner surface layer of the side breathable film 2 and the top light distribution film 3, and regularly checking and adjusting the focal position of the top light distribution film 3.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an overlength tunnel entry sunshade sight induction system under water which characterized in that: the system comprises a portal (1), a side breathable film (2), a top light distribution film (3), a self-luminous raised road sign (4) and a composite belt line (9) which jointly form double sunlight transition of a downward slope section of a tunnel entrance (6), relieves a stroboscopic effect and a zebra effect, and utilizes sunlight light distribution directional light emission, solar energy and optical illusion to strengthen a sight line induction system;
the door frame (1), the side breathable film (2) and the top light distribution film (3) jointly form a sunlight transition system which is dual, complementary in advantages, mutually separated and compatible in ventilation, the door frame (1) is longitudinally arranged to form an outer shading structure, the outer shading structure mainly shields direct solar light and relieves incapability glare, the shading transition effect is assisted, the side breathable film (2) and the top light distribution film (3) form an inner shading structure in a surrounding mode, the shading transition effect is mainly achieved, the zebra effect, the stroboscopic effect and discomfort glare are assisted, the outer shading structure is mutually separated from the inner shading structure, a certain distance is kept, a certain shape difference is kept, and ventilation and air exchange in a tunnel are facilitated;
the top light distribution film (3) is positioned on the inner side of the portal (1) to shield and relieve the stroboscopic effect of a cross beam (7) of the portal, a top light distribution film (3) consisting of two convex lenses is arranged above each lane, the combination of the height and the angle of the top light distribution film (3) can enable the focus of the top light distribution film (3) and the sunlight directional brightening area to be always positioned between a middle mark (18) of a composite waistband line (9) or a bottom mark (16) of the composite waistband line (9) to realize sunlight light distribution, directional brightening of the composite waistband line (9) and visual line strengthening induction, the height of the top light distribution film (3) is not higher than that of the tunnel lamp (10), the light reflection rates of the inner surface and the outer surface are not more than 10% to avoid the light from causing glare of the top light distribution film (3), the light transmittance of the top light distribution film (3) is gradually changed from higher 50-75% to lower and not more than 25% along the longitudinal direction, realizing brightness transition;
the composite belt line (9) consists of a bottom mark (16), a vertical mark (17) and a middle mark (18), the middle mark (18) is positioned in the middle of the concrete retaining wall (13) at the roadside, the height is 2.0-3.0 m, green bottom and red grain are adopted, the width is 0.3-1.2 m, the bottom mark (16) is positioned at the bottom of the concrete guardrail (12) at the roadside, adopts yellow lines with black bottom and the width of 0.3-0.6 m, the middle mark arrow (20) of the middle mark (18) and the bottom mark arrow (19) of the bottom mark (16) are positioned on the same cross section, the distance between the two marks meets the high flash frequency of 2.0-3.0 Hz, the included angle in front of the middle mark arrow (20) of the middle mark (18) is 30-45 degrees, the included angles behind the middle mark arrow (20) of the middle mark (18) are alternated by 60 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees, the included angle between the front and back of a bottom mark arrow (19) of the bottom mark (16) is 30-45 degrees.
2. The system for inducing sight line of the super-long underwater tunnel entrance shading shed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of the portal frame (1), the distance between the portal frames (1), the height of the cross beam (7) of the portal frame and the width of the cross beam (7) of the portal frame jointly form a structure capable of shielding the direct solar light in a field of view of 18-25 degrees at the starting point of the downhill section and a structure capable of shielding the direct solar light in a field of view of 8-15 degrees at the identification visual distance.
3. The system for inducing sight line of the super-long underwater tunnel entrance shading shed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the color of the top light distribution film (3) is derived from the characteristic color of the landscape around the tunnel approaching section, the color of the top light distribution film (3) above each lane is different, so that lane keeping induction is realized through planar color, the cross connecting line of the adjacent top light distribution film (3) above the center of the lane adopts the same color as the top light distribution film (3), the cross connecting line of the adjacent top light distribution film (3) above the lane marking is the top longitudinal line (11), and the top longitudinal line (11) adopts the contrast color of the top light distribution film (3), so that lane keeping induction is realized through linear color.
4. The system for inducing sight of the overlength underwater tunnel entrance shading shed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the side breathable film (2) is located on the inner side of the portal frame (1) to shield and relieve the stroboscopic effect of the upright post (8) of the portal frame, and the side breathable film (2) is of a shutter structure and is ventilated but not capable of penetrating direct sunlight.
5. The system for inducing sight of the overlength underwater tunnel entrance shading shed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the vertical marks (17) are triangles with top included angles of 5-15 degrees and average caster angles 5-15 degrees larger than the longitudinal slope of the downhill section, so that the visual illusion effect of the camber of the roadside concrete retaining wall (13) is achieved, vehicle speed control is facilitated, the height of the vertical marks (17) is the same as that of the concrete retaining wall (13), the color of the vertical marks is the same as that of the background of the middle marks (18), the interval between the vertical marks (17) meets the middle flash frequency of 0.5-1.5 Hz, and 3-5 middle mark arrows (20) and bottom mark arrows (19) are arranged in the center of the adjacent vertical marks (17).
6. The system for inducing sight line of the super-long underwater tunnel entrance shading shed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the solar energy conversion electric energy and electric energy storage device is arranged on a light-facing surface of the portal (1) and used for supplying power to the self-luminous raised road signs (4) on a road surface (14), the self-luminous raised road signs (4) are arranged along the marking lines (5) of the carriageways, the arrangement distance meets the requirement of high flash frequency, the self-luminous raised road signs and the arrow of the combined type waistband line (9) are located on the same cross section, and the arrangement range is from the initial position of the system to the whole range of the entrance section in the tunnel cave.
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