CN113603543A - Water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of peat soil, 8-16 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 10-15 parts of modified montmorillonite and 4-8 parts of adhesive. The particle size of the peat soil is 1-5 mm. The particle size of the modified montmorillonite is 100-500 mu m. The adhesive comprises a starch adhesive and/or a vegetable protein adhesive. The invention provides a water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method is simple to operate and convenient for large-scale popularization and use; the water-soluble iron fertilizer prepared by the invention can be gradually slowly released and dissolved out in water, and can play the roles of water retention, ventilation and fertilizer retention while ensuring the release of the iron fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, and fertilization is an important measure for ensuring the grain yield. However, the utilization rate of the fertilizer in China is in a low level which is only 30% -35% for a long time, and the high fertilization level and the low fertilizer utilization rate cause serious resource waste and environmental problems. The development of novel multifunctional slow-release fertilizers with high efficiency and environmental protection characteristics is an important means for solving the problems. The slow release fertilizer can reduce the release rate of nutrients, provide long-acting nutrient supply for crops, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and reduce the pollution to the environment.
The iron-deficiency yellowing disease is easy to generate due to the iron deficiency of plants, and one of the key technologies is to develop a high-efficiency iron fertilizer. At present, most of iron fertilizers on the market are different types of inorganic iron fertilizers, the soil application effect is not ideal, if ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is applied, iron ions are quickly combined with carbonate in soil to form indissolvable compounds of iron, and simultaneously Fe2+Is easy to be converted into Fe3+Becomes ineffective and is not easy to be absorbed by plants, and the foliage spray is not only due to Fe2+Is easier to be oxidized into Fe3+But the effect is invalid, the spraying uniformity is difficult to ensure, the point-like greening is realized, and the effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the soil application effect of inorganic iron fertilizers in the prior art is not ideal, iron ions are quickly combined with carbonate in soil into indissolvable compounds of iron, and simultaneously Fe2+Is easy to be converted into Fe3+And becomes ineffective and is not easily absorbed by plants.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-50 parts of peat soil, 8-16 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 10-15 parts of modified montmorillonite and 4-8 parts of adhesive.
Preferably, the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-40 parts of peat soil, 10-14 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 10-15 parts of modified montmorillonite and 5-8 parts of adhesive.
Preferably, the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following components in parts by weight:
35 parts of peat soil, 12 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 13 parts of modified montmorillonite and 6 parts of adhesive.
Preferably, the particle size of the peat soil is 1-5 mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the modified montmorillonite is 100-500 μm.
Preferably, the adhesive is a natural adhesive, including a starch adhesive and/or a vegetable protein adhesive.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ferrous sulfate urea solution comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid and deionized water, adding the ferrous sulfate, the sulfuric acid and the deionized water into a reaction container, continuously stirring, keeping the temperature of a reaction solution below 60 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a ferrous sulfate mixed solution; wherein the sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, and the mass ratio of ferrous sulfate to sulfuric acid to deionized water is 1.5-1.8: 1: 0.2-0.4;
m2, weighing urea, uniformly mixing the urea with deionized water to form a urea solution, heating to 40-50 ℃, slowly adding the ferrous sulfate mixed solution while stirring, continuously stirring to react for 1-3 hours after the addition is finished, and drying to obtain ferrous sulfate; wherein in the urea solution, the mass ratio of urea to deionized water is 3: 0.5-1.2; the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate mixed solution to the urea solution is 1: 2.4-3.2.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
n1. weighing montmorillonite powder, mixing with deionized water, performing uniform ultrasonic treatment, adding Tween 20, performing continuous ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-1 h, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain montmorillonite active substance; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite powder to the Tween 20 to the deionized water is 1: 0.05-0.1: 5-10;
weighing 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, mixing with N, N-dimethylformamide, completely dissolving, adding a montmorillonite activator, uniformly performing ultrasonic treatment, pouring into a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, sealing the reaction kettle, treating for 3-6 hours at 125-150 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified montmorillonite; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite active substance to the 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 0.2-0.4: 8-10.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the ferrous urea sulfate according to the weight, dissolving the ferrous urea sulfate in water to form a solution, adding the weighed modified montmorillonite, mixing the solution into a stirrer, stirring for 2-4 hours, and standing for 3-5 hours to obtain a ferrous urea sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material;
and 2, mixing the ferrous sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material and the peat soil weighed according to the amount into a stirrer, stirring for 1-2 hours, uniformly adding the adhesive, drying, extruding by an extruder, and granulating to obtain the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops.
Preferably, in the step 1, the mass ratio of the ferrous urea sulfate to the water is 1: 2.5-6.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating crop yellowing and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method is simple to operate and convenient for large-scale popularization and use; the water-soluble iron fertilizer prepared by the invention can be gradually slowly released and dissolved out in water, and can play the roles of water retention, ventilation and fertilizer retention while ensuring the release of the iron fertilizer.
The water-soluble iron fertilizer prepared by the invention uses the ferrous sulfate to be mixed with sulfuric acid and then react with urea to produce the ferrous urea sulfate, the ferrous urea sulfate has higher stability than common ferrous salt due to the acidic substances contained in the ferrous urea sulfate, and the easy decomposition property of the ferrous urea sulfate is weakened due to the existence of ferrous iron, so that the slow release effect of the ferrous urea sulfate is also improved. In addition, in the process of preparing the water-soluble iron fertilizer, the ferrous sulfate is dissolved and then mixed with the modified montmorillonite, so that a large amount of ferrous sulfate is fixed on the surface of the modified montmorillonite and then is uniformly mixed with the peat soil, the ferrous sulfate is fixed and is not easy to lose quickly, and the peat soil not only has the advantage of strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, but also can avoid the defect that the peat soil is hardened due to too long time.
The iron fertilizer prepared by the invention contains a large amount of acid, so that carbonate in soil can be neutralized, and a indissolvable compound of iron formed by combining ferrous ions and the carbonate is avoided, in addition, the invention uses modified montmorillonite as a ferrous fixed carrier in the preparation process of the iron fertilizer, the modified montmorillonite is obtained by modifying montmorillonite powder by using 3-methyl-4-isopropyl phenol, the 3-methyl-4-isopropyl phenol belongs to phenols with weak acidity, has strong bactericidal and antioxidant activities, the bactericidal property can greatly weaken the influence of harmful bacteria in the soil on plants, the antioxidant activity can ensure that ferrous ions can not be easily converted into ferric ions, so that the iron fertilizer can be more favorably absorbed by the plants, and the 3-methyl-4-isopropyl phenol is insoluble in water and is more stable, can protect ferrous ions from being oxidized for a long time.
Detailed Description
In order to illustrate the invention more clearly, the invention is further described below with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following components in parts by weight:
35 parts of peat soil, 12 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 13 parts of modified montmorillonite and 6 parts of starch adhesive.
The particle size of the peat soil is 1-5 mm, and the particle size of the modified montmorillonite is 100-500 mu m.
The preparation method of the ferrous sulfate urea solution comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid and deionized water, adding the ferrous sulfate, the sulfuric acid and the deionized water into a reaction container, continuously stirring, keeping the temperature of a reaction solution below 60 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a ferrous sulfate mixed solution; wherein the sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, and the mass ratio of ferrous sulfate to sulfuric acid to deionized water is 1.6:1: 0.3;
m2, weighing urea, uniformly mixing the urea with deionized water to form a urea solution, heating to 40-50 ℃, slowly adding the ferrous sulfate mixed solution while stirring, continuously stirring to react for 1-3 hours after the addition is finished, and drying to obtain ferrous sulfate; wherein in the urea solution, the mass ratio of urea to deionized water is 3: 0.8; the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate mixed solution to the urea solution is 1: 2.8.
The preparation method of the modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
n1. weighing montmorillonite powder, mixing with deionized water, performing uniform ultrasonic treatment, adding Tween 20, performing continuous ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-1 h, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain montmorillonite active substance; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite powder to the Tween 20 to the deionized water is 1:0.08: 8;
weighing 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, mixing with N, N-dimethylformamide, completely dissolving, adding a montmorillonite activator, uniformly performing ultrasonic treatment, pouring into a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, sealing the reaction kettle, treating for 3-6 hours at 125-150 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified montmorillonite; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite active substance to the 3-methyl-4-isopropyl phenol to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:0.3: 9.
The preparation method of the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing ferrous urea sulfate and water according to the mass ratio of 1:4.6 to form a solution, then adding the weighed modified montmorillonite, mixing the modified montmorillonite into a stirrer, stirring for 2-4 hours, and standing for 3-5 hours to obtain a ferrous urea sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material;
and 2, mixing the ferrous sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material and the peat soil weighed according to the amount into a stirrer, stirring for 1-2 hours, uniformly adding an adhesive, drying, extruding by an extruder, and granulating to obtain the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops.
Example 2
The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20 parts of peat soil, 8 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 10 parts of modified montmorillonite and 4 parts of vegetable protein adhesive.
The particle size of the peat soil is 1-5 mm, and the particle size of the modified montmorillonite is 100-500 mu m.
The preparation method of the ferrous sulfate urea solution comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid and deionized water, adding the ferrous sulfate, the sulfuric acid and the deionized water into a reaction container, continuously stirring, keeping the temperature of a reaction solution below 60 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a ferrous sulfate mixed solution; wherein the sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, and the mass ratio of ferrous sulfate to sulfuric acid to deionized water is 1.5:1: 0.2;
m2, weighing urea, uniformly mixing the urea with deionized water to form a urea solution, heating to 40-50 ℃, slowly adding the ferrous sulfate mixed solution while stirring, continuously stirring to react for 1-3 hours after the addition is finished, and drying to obtain ferrous sulfate; wherein in the urea solution, the mass ratio of urea to deionized water is 3: 0.5; the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate mixed solution to the urea solution is 1: 2.4.
The preparation method of the modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
n1. weighing montmorillonite powder, mixing with deionized water, performing uniform ultrasonic treatment, adding Tween 20, performing continuous ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-1 h, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain montmorillonite active substance; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite powder to the Tween 20 to the deionized water is 1:0.05: 5;
weighing 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, mixing with N, N-dimethylformamide, completely dissolving, adding a montmorillonite activator, uniformly performing ultrasonic treatment, pouring into a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, sealing the reaction kettle, treating for 3-6 hours at 125-150 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified montmorillonite; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite active substance to the 3-methyl-4-isopropyl phenol to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:0.2: 8.
The preparation method of the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing ferrous urea sulfate and water according to the mass ratio of 1:2.5 to form a solution, then adding the weighed modified montmorillonite, mixing the modified montmorillonite into a stirrer, stirring for 2-4 hours, and standing for 3-5 hours to obtain a ferrous urea sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material;
and 2, mixing the ferrous sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material and the peat soil weighed according to the amount into a stirrer, stirring for 1-2 hours, uniformly adding an adhesive, drying, extruding by an extruder, and granulating to obtain the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops.
Example 3
The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50 parts of peat soil, 16 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 15 parts of modified montmorillonite and 8 parts of starch adhesive.
The particle size of the peat soil is 1-5 mm, and the particle size of the modified montmorillonite is 100-500 mu m.
The preparation method of the ferrous sulfate urea solution comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid and deionized water, adding the ferrous sulfate, the sulfuric acid and the deionized water into a reaction container, continuously stirring, keeping the temperature of a reaction solution below 60 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a ferrous sulfate mixed solution; wherein the sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, and the mass ratio of ferrous sulfate to sulfuric acid to deionized water is 1.8:1: 0.4;
m2, weighing urea, uniformly mixing the urea with deionized water to form a urea solution, heating to 40-50 ℃, slowly adding the ferrous sulfate mixed solution while stirring, continuously stirring to react for 1-3 hours after the addition is finished, and drying to obtain ferrous sulfate; wherein in the urea solution, the mass ratio of urea to deionized water is 3: 1.2; the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate mixed solution to the urea solution is 1: 3.2.
The preparation method of the modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
n1. weighing montmorillonite powder, mixing with deionized water, performing uniform ultrasonic treatment, adding Tween 20, performing continuous ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-1 h, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain montmorillonite active substance; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite powder to the Tween 20 to the deionized water is 1:0.1: 10;
weighing 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, mixing with N, N-dimethylformamide, completely dissolving, adding a montmorillonite activator, uniformly performing ultrasonic treatment, pouring into a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, sealing the reaction kettle, treating for 3-6 hours at 125-150 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified montmorillonite; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite active substance, the 3-methyl-4-isopropyl phenol and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:0.4: 10.
The preparation method of the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing ferrous urea sulfate and water according to the mass ratio of 1:6 to form a solution, then adding the weighed modified montmorillonite, mixing the modified montmorillonite into a stirrer, stirring for 2-4 hours, and standing for 3-5 hours to obtain a ferrous urea sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material;
and 2, mixing the ferrous sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material and the peat soil weighed according to the amount into a stirrer, stirring for 1-2 hours, uniformly adding an adhesive, drying, extruding by an extruder, and granulating to obtain the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops.
Comparative example 1
The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following components in parts by weight:
35 parts of peat soil, 12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 13 parts of modified montmorillonite and 6 parts of starch adhesive.
The particle size of the peat soil is 1-5 mm, and the particle size of the montmorillonite is 100-500 mu m.
The preparation method of the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing ferrous sulfate and water according to the mass ratio of 1:4.6 to form a solution, then adding montmorillonite weighed according to the weight, mixing the montmorillonite into a stirrer, stirring for 2-4 hours, and standing for 3-5 hours to obtain a ferrous sulfate/montmorillonite composite material;
and 2, mixing the ferrous sulfate/montmorillonite composite material and the peat soil weighed according to the amount into a stirrer, stirring for 1-2 hours, uniformly adding an adhesive, drying, extruding by an extruder, and granulating to obtain the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops.
Comparative example 2
The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following components in parts by weight:
35 parts of peat soil, 12 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 13 parts of montmorillonite and 6 parts of starch adhesive.
The particle size of the peat soil is 1-5 mm, and the particle size of the montmorillonite is 100-500 mu m.
The preparation method of the ferrous sulfate urea solution comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid and deionized water, adding the ferrous sulfate, the sulfuric acid and the deionized water into a reaction container, continuously stirring, keeping the temperature of a reaction solution below 60 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a ferrous sulfate mixed solution; wherein the sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, and the mass ratio of ferrous sulfate to sulfuric acid to deionized water is 1.6:1: 0.3;
m2, weighing urea, uniformly mixing the urea with deionized water to form a urea solution, heating to 40-50 ℃, slowly adding the ferrous sulfate mixed solution while stirring, continuously stirring to react for 1-3 hours after the addition is finished, and drying to obtain ferrous sulfate; wherein in the urea solution, the mass ratio of urea to deionized water is 3: 0.8; the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate mixed solution to the urea solution is 1: 2.8.
The preparation method of the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing ferrous urea sulfate and water according to the mass ratio of 1:4.6 to form a solution, then adding montmorillonite weighed according to the weight, mixing the montmorillonite into a stirrer, stirring for 2-4 hours, and standing for 3-5 hours to obtain a ferrous urea sulfate/montmorillonite composite material;
and 2, mixing the ferrous sulfate/montmorillonite composite material and the peat soil weighed according to the amount into a stirrer, stirring for 1-2 hours, uniformly adding an adhesive, drying, extruding by an extruder, and granulating to obtain the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops.
The invention also carries out relevant experiments in order to more clearly illustrate the invention. Experimental products: the iron fertilizer prepared in the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 of the invention; experimental site: hubei Jingmen; experimental plants: dividing 100 local citrus fruits with moderate yellowing into 5 groups; the fertilizer is used: digging a ditch with the depth of 20cm in the range of 50cm around the root of the citrus, uniformly applying 200g of iron fertilizer in each ditch of the citrus, then adding water and soil to fill and level, and observing the conditions of blade re-greening and blade iron content after one month of fertilization, wherein when the blade iron content is less than 35mg/kg, the blade is in an iron-deficient state, when the blade iron content is between 35 and 59mg/kg, the blade is in an iron-low state, and when the blade iron content is between 60 and 120mg/kg, the blade is in an appropriate iron state.
The results of the experiment are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 improvement of different iron fertilizers on yellowing
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example2 | |
| Greenness ratio (%) | 95 | 90 | 95 | 50 | 60 |
| Average iron content of leaves (mg/kg) | 78 | 72 | 71 | 58 | 64 |
In table 1 above, the results of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention show that the citrus greening ratio is above 90%, which indicates that the iron fertilizer of the present invention has a good effect. In addition, the average iron content of the leaves is obtained by averaging the iron content of the leaves of different citrus trees in the same group, and it can be seen that the leaves of the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention have higher iron content, and belong to a proper iron content state when the iron content is between 60 and 120 mg/kg.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of crops is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
20-50 parts of peat soil, 8-16 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 10-15 parts of modified montmorillonite and 4-8 parts of adhesive.
2. The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-40 parts of peat soil, 10-14 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 10-15 parts of modified montmorillonite and 5-8 parts of adhesive.
3. The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
35 parts of peat soil, 12 parts of ferrous urea sulfate, 13 parts of modified montmorillonite and 6 parts of adhesive.
4. The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grain size of the peat soil is 1-5 mm.
5. The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the modified montmorillonite is 100-500 μm.
6. The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adhesive comprises a starch adhesive and/or a plant protein adhesive.
7. The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the ferrous sulfate urea solution comprises the following steps:
m1, weighing ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid and deionized water, adding the ferrous sulfate, the sulfuric acid and the deionized water into a reaction container, continuously stirring, keeping the temperature of a reaction solution below 60 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a ferrous sulfate mixed solution; wherein the sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, and the mass ratio of ferrous sulfate to sulfuric acid to deionized water is 1.5-1.8: 1: 0.2-0.4;
m2, weighing urea, uniformly mixing the urea with deionized water to form a urea solution, heating to 40-50 ℃, slowly adding the ferrous sulfate mixed solution while stirring, continuously stirring to react for 1-3 hours after the addition is finished, and drying to obtain ferrous sulfate; wherein in the urea solution, the mass ratio of urea to deionized water is 3: 0.5-1.2; the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate mixed solution to the urea solution is 1: 2.4-3.2.
8. The water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
n1. weighing montmorillonite powder, mixing with deionized water, performing uniform ultrasonic treatment, adding Tween 20, performing continuous ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-1 h, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain montmorillonite active substance; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite powder to the Tween 20 to the deionized water is 1: 0.05-0.1: 5-10;
weighing 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, mixing with N, N-dimethylformamide, completely dissolving, adding a montmorillonite activator, uniformly performing ultrasonic treatment, pouring into a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, sealing the reaction kettle, treating for 3-6 hours at 125-150 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified montmorillonite; wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite active substance to the 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 0.2-0.4: 8-10.
9. The preparation method of the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, weighing the ferrous urea sulfate according to the weight, dissolving the ferrous urea sulfate in water to form a solution, adding the weighed modified montmorillonite, mixing the solution into a stirrer, stirring for 2-4 hours, and standing for 3-5 hours to obtain a ferrous urea sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material;
and 2, mixing the ferrous sulfate/modified montmorillonite composite material and the peat soil weighed according to the amount into a stirrer, stirring for 1-2 hours, uniformly adding the adhesive, drying, extruding by an extruder, and granulating to obtain the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops.
10. The preparation method of the water-soluble iron fertilizer for preventing and treating the yellowing of the crops as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the step 1, the mass ratio of the ferrous urea sulfate to the water is 1: 2.5-6.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101456578A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-06-17 | 浙江大学 | Long acting composite iron fertilizer and preparation method and use thereof |
| CN108689757A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-23 | 谢二军 | A kind of water solubility iron fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112661561A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 广东金正大生态工程有限公司 | Slow-release water-retaining fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101456578A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-06-17 | 浙江大学 | Long acting composite iron fertilizer and preparation method and use thereof |
| CN108689757A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-23 | 谢二军 | A kind of water solubility iron fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112661561A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 广东金正大生态工程有限公司 | Slow-release water-retaining fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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