CN113602409A

CN113602409A - Braking device and vehicle comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN113602409A
Application number: CN202111066464.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马驰; 张友谊; 薛瑞
Original assignee: Shagang Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Current assignee: Shagang Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-13
Filing date: 2021-09-13
Publication date: 2021-11-05

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a braking device and a vehicle comprising the same, wherein the braking device comprises a brake pedal, a linkage mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, a front brake and a rear brake; the linkage mechanism is respectively connected with the brake pedal, the rear brake and the hydraulic mechanism, one end of the hydraulic mechanism, which is far away from the linkage mechanism, is connected with the front brake and is used for driving the front brake to work, the linkage mechanism is driven to move through the brake pedal, and then the rear brake and the hydraulic mechanism are respectively driven to work through the linkage mechanism. When a user applies driving force to the brake pedal, the front brake and the rear brake can realize combined braking, the braking efficiency is improved, and the riding safety is guaranteed.

Description

Braking device and vehicle comprising same

Technical Field

The embodiments of the present application belong to the field of braking devices, and more particularly, to a braking device and a vehicle including the same.

Background

Common two-wheel traffic vehicles mainly include motorcycles, electric bicycles, and bicycles; it is known that vehicles of either type are equipped with a braking system for driving safety.

Brake systems, commonly referred to as "braking" systems, refer to systems that are capable of stopping or slowing a locomotive, vehicle or other vehicle or machine in operation. The conventional braking devices can be largely classified into disc brakes, which are also called disc brakes, and drum brakes. The existing vehicles almost work independently and do not interfere with each other through front and rear braking devices, namely, the front braking device is used for providing braking force for front wheels, and the rear braking device is used for providing braking force for rear wheels.

At present, when a bicycle, a curved beam vehicle or a scooter is ridden and a rear brake pedal is operated independently, the bicycle only can independently provide braking force for a rear wheel brake; the front and rear wheels can be braked simultaneously unless the front brake grip is grasped by hand while the rear brake pedal is depressed. When the existing braking device encounters an emergency, most users press the rear brake pedal at the first time, easily forget to grab the front brake grab handle, and especially users with poor psychological quality easily cause the condition that the braking force of a vehicle is insufficient and danger occurs.

Therefore, in order to improve the braking efficiency of the vehicle, the existing braking device needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to enable a vehicle to realize the combined braking of front and rear wheels, the application provides a braking device which comprises a braking pedal, a linkage mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, a front brake and a rear brake; the linkage mechanism is respectively connected with the brake pedal, the rear brake and the hydraulic mechanism, one end of the hydraulic mechanism, which is far away from the linkage mechanism, is connected with the front brake and is used for driving the front brake to work, the linkage mechanism is driven to move through the brake pedal, and then the rear brake and the hydraulic mechanism are respectively driven to work through the linkage mechanism.

As a further improvement of this application, brake pedal includes drive block, rotation axis and connecting block, the rotation axis respectively with the one end of connecting block with the one end of drive block is connected, the other end of connecting block with link gear connects.

As a further improvement of the application, the linkage mechanism comprises a first rotating part and a second rotating part, one end of the first rotating part is hinged to the connecting block, the other end of the first rotating part is connected with the rear brake through a rear brake pull rod, and one end, far away from the rear brake, of the rear brake pull rod is hinged to the first rotating part; and a clamping block is arranged on one side of the first rotating part, which is close to the connecting block, the clamping block is clamped with one end of the second rotating part, and the other end of the second rotating part is connected with the hydraulic mechanism.

As a further improvement of this application, the second rotating member includes first rotatory piece, the rotatory piece of second and central pivot, the central pivot respectively with the one end of first rotatory piece with the one end of the rotatory piece of second is connected, just first rotatory piece with the rotatory piece of second can with the central pivot is rotatory as the axle center, first rotatory piece is kept away from the one end of central pivot with the fixture block joint, the rotatory piece of second is kept away from the one end of central pivot with hydraulic pressure mechanism connects.

As the further improvement of this application, hydraulic pressure mechanism includes hydro-cylinder and piston rod, the one end of hydro-cylinder with the front brake is connected, the one end of piston rod is worn and is stretched into inside the hydro-cylinder, the piston rod outside cover is equipped with first elastic component, the one end of first elastic component with the hydro-cylinder butt, the other end with the outer wall connection of piston rod, the piston rod is kept away from the one end of hydro-cylinder with the rotatory piece of second is articulated.

As a further improvement of this application, be equipped with on the hydro-cylinder and add oil pipe, add oil pipe one end with the inside intercommunication of hydro-cylinder, the other end that adds oil pipe is equipped with the oil filler hole.

As a further improvement of the application, the pedal resetting mechanism is further included, and the pedal resetting mechanism is connected with the linkage mechanism.

As a further improvement of the present application, the pedal return mechanism is a second elastic member, the second elastic member is connected to the rear brake lever, and an elastic force of the second elastic member is smaller than an elastic force of the first elastic member.

As a further improvement of the application, the front brake device further comprises a holding mechanism, and the holding mechanism is connected with the front brake.

On the other hand, this application still provides a vehicle including above-mentioned arresting gear, still includes frame, front wheel and rear wheel, the front wheel with the rear wheel sets up respectively on the frame, the front brake is installed on the front wheel, the rear brake is installed on the rear wheel, brake pedal the link gear with hydraulic pressure mechanism respectively with the frame is connected.

By adopting the technical scheme, when a user applies driving force to the brake pedal, the brake pedal drives the linkage mechanism to move, and the linkage mechanism drives the rear brake to work to provide braking force for the rear wheel; meanwhile, the linkage mechanism transmits the driving force to the hydraulic mechanism to drive the hydraulic mechanism to work, and the hydraulic mechanism drives the front brake to work to provide braking force for the front wheels. The front brake and the rear brake realize combined braking, the braking efficiency is improved, and the riding safety is guaranteed.

On the other hand, be equipped with first elastic component in the hydraulic pressure mechanism, and the elasticity of first elastic component is greater than the elasticity of second elastic component for when user's foot stepped on the footboard, the prior hydraulic pressure mechanism of back brake begins to work, and the prior preceding stopper of back brake provides braking force promptly, can prevent that when the vehicle braking, the front wheel appears locking in advance, further promotes the security of riding.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. Some specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail hereinafter by way of illustration and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts or portions, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of a brake pedal and a linkage mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic mechanism in a front view in section in embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the non-braking state in embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view showing an initial braking state in embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a braking state in embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 2 of the present application

Fig. 8 is a schematic front-rear braking force distribution diagram in embodiment 2 of the present application.

Reference numerals: 1. a front brake; 2. a holding mechanism; 3. a rear brake; 4. a brake pedal; 41. a drive block; 42. a rotating shaft; 43. connecting blocks; 5. a first rotating member; 51. a clamping block; 6. a second rotating member; 61. a first rotating block; 62. a second rotating block; 63. a central rotating shaft; 7. a pin; 8. a rear brake pull rod; 9. an oil cylinder; 10. a piston rod; 11. a sealing cover; 12. a first elastic member; 13. an oil filler tube; 14. an oil filler; 15. a second elastic member; 16. a frame; 17. a front wheel; 18. a rear wheel.

Detailed Description

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order.

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of some, and not all, of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a brake apparatus includes a front brake 1, a grip mechanism 2, a rear brake 3, a brake pedal 4, a link mechanism, and a hydraulic mechanism. The front brake 1 is a hydraulic butterfly brake, and the front brake 1 is used for providing braking force for a front wheel 17 of a vehicle; the rear brake 3 is a drum brake, and the rear brake 3 is used to provide braking force to the rear wheel 18 of the vehicle. The holding mechanism 2 is fixedly connected with the front brake 1 through an oil pipe, and the holding mechanism 2 is used for providing braking force for the front wheels 17 of the vehicle independently. The linkage mechanism can drive the rear brake 3 to work, the hydraulic mechanism is used for driving the front brake 1 to work, the brake pedal 4 can drive the linkage mechanism to move, the linkage mechanism is respectively connected with the brake pedal 4, the rear brake 3 and the hydraulic mechanism, and one end, far away from the linkage mechanism, of the hydraulic mechanism is connected with the front brake 1.

When a user steps on the brake pedal 4 to output driving force to the brake pedal 4, the brake pedal 4 rotates to transmit the driving force to the linkage mechanism, the linkage mechanism transmits the driving force to the rear brake 3 to drive the rear brake 3 to work, and braking force of the rear wheel 18 is provided; in addition, when the force of the driving force is greater than the holding force of the night pressing mechanism, the linkage mechanism can drive the hydraulic mechanism to work, and the hydraulic mechanism drives the front brake 1 to work to provide the braking force for the front wheels 17. Therefore, the combined braking of the front brake and the rear brake is realized, the braking efficiency is improved, and the riding safety of a user is guaranteed.

The brake pedal 4 comprises a driving block 41, a rotating shaft 42 and a connecting block 43, wherein the rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting block 43 and one end of the driving block 41 respectively, and the other end of the connecting block 43 is in rotatable limit connection with a linkage mechanism. In this embodiment, the driving block 41, the rotating shaft 42 and the connecting block 43 are integrally formed of a metal material; of course, in other embodiments, the driving block 41, the rotating shaft 42 and the connecting block 43 may be separate components, and are fixedly connected together by bolts or other structures.

When the braking device is installed on a vehicle, the rotating shaft 42 is fixed on the frame of the vehicle and can rotate in situ during operation; the driving block 41 is used as a stress point when the braking device works, receives the braking driving force of a user, and transmits the driving force to the connecting block 43 through the lever principle; the connecting block 43 serves to transmit the driving force to the link mechanism. In operation, a user applies a braking driving force to the driving block 41 to drive the rotating shaft 42 to rotate, so as to drive the connecting block 43 to rotate; the link block 43 rotates to move the link mechanism, thereby transmitting the driving force to the link mechanism.

In this embodiment, the included angle between the orientation of the driving block 41 and the orientation of the connecting block 43 is less than 180 °, that is, the driving block 41 and the connecting block 43 are not in the same line, so that the driving force of the brake can be more efficiently transmitted from the driving block 41 to the connecting block 43. Obviously, in other embodiments, the orientation of the driving block 41 and the orientation of the connecting block 43 may be on the same straight line, as long as the driving block 41 can drive the connecting block 43 to rotate around the rotating shaft 41 as the central axis.

The linkage mechanism comprises a first rotating part 5 and a second rotating part 6, one end of the first rotating part 5 is hinged to one side, away from the rotating shaft 42, of the connecting block 43 through the pin 7, the other end of the first rotating part is fixedly connected with the rear brake 3 through the rear brake pull rod 8, and one end, away from the rear brake 3, of the rear brake pull rod 8 is hinged to the first rotating part 5. One side of the first rotating member 5 close to the connecting block 43 is provided with a fixture block 51, the fixture block 51 is in clamping limiting connection with one end of the second rotating member 6, and the other end of the second rotating member 6 is fixedly connected with the hydraulic mechanism.

When the vehicle is in operation, the braking driving force is transmitted to the first rotating member 5 through the connecting block 43, and the first rotating member 5 and the rear brake 3 are in rigid connection, so that the braking driving force can be directly transmitted to the rear brake 3 to drive the rear brake 3 to operate, thereby braking the rear wheel 18 of the vehicle; at the same time, a part of the driving force is transmitted to the second rotating member 6 for driving the hydraulic mechanism to work.

The second rotating member 6 comprises a first rotating block 61, a second rotating block 62 and a central rotating shaft 63, the central rotating shaft 63 is fixedly connected with one end of the first rotating block 61 and one end of the second rotating block 62 respectively, the first rotating block 61 and the second rotating block 62 can synchronously rotate by taking the central rotating shaft 63 as a base point, one end of the first rotating block 61, which is far away from the central rotating shaft 63, is connected with the clamping block 51 in a clamping manner, and one end of the second rotating block 62, which is far away from the central rotating shaft 63, is fixedly connected with a hydraulic mechanism.

In operation, when the first rotating member 5 transmits the driving force to the second rotating member 6 through the fixture block 51, the first rotating block 61 is driven to rotate, the first rotating block 61 drives the central rotating shaft 63 to rotate so as to drive the second rotating block 62 to rotate synchronously, and the second rotating block 62 transmits the driving force to the hydraulic mechanism. When the driving force is larger than the holding force of the hydraulic mechanism, the hydraulic mechanism is driven to operate, and the hydraulic mechanism drives the front brake 1 to operate, thereby braking the front wheels 17 of the vehicle.

In this embodiment, the central rotating shaft 63 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 42, and the central rotating shaft 63 is movably connected with the rotating shaft 42 in a limiting manner. Namely, the brake pedal 4 and the second rotating member 6 rotate on the same central axis, so that the whole braking device is more compact in structure. In other embodiments, the central rotating shaft 63 and the rotating shaft 42 may not rotate on a central axis, i.e., the brake pedal 4 and the second rotating member 6 are disposed in a staggered manner.

In this embodiment, the central rotating shaft 63, the first rotating block 61 and the second rotating block 62 are integrally formed by metal materials, and in other embodiments, the central rotating shaft 63, the first rotating block 61 and the second rotating block 62 may also be separate components and fixedly connected together by bolts or other structures.

In the present embodiment, the overall structure of the second rotating member 6 is similar to a "windmill", and the first rotating block 61 and the second rotating block 62 are similar to two "blades" and can rotate around the central rotating shaft 63 as an axis. And the included angle between the orientation of the first rotating block 61 and the orientation of the second rotating block 62 is less than 180 degrees, so that the structural compactness of the braking device is ensured, and the conduction efficiency of the braking force is improved. It is clear that in other embodiments, the first rotation block 61 and the second rotation block 62 may be in any other orientation.

The hydraulic mechanism comprises an oil cylinder 9 and a piston rod 10, hydraulic oil is arranged in the oil cylinder 9, one end of the oil cylinder 9 is fixedly connected with the front brake 1 through an oil pipe, a sealing cover 11 is arranged at the other end of the oil cylinder 9, one end of the piston rod 10 penetrates through the sealing cover 11 and then extends into the oil cylinder 9, and a first elastic piece is sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod 10; in this embodiment, the first elastic member is the first elastic member 12, and in other embodiments, the first elastic member may be other mechanical structures having the same function. One end of the first elastic element 12 is abutted against the sealing cover 11, the other end is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the piston rod 10, and one end, far away from the oil cylinder 9, of the piston rod 10 is hinged and fixed with the second rotating block 62.

During operation, when the driving force transmitted to the piston rod 10 by the second rotating block 62 is greater than the holding force of the first elastic element 12, the second rotating block 62 drives the piston rod 10 to extrude the first elastic element 12, the extension spring 12 is compressed, meanwhile, the end of the piston rod 10 moves towards the inside of the oil cylinder 9, hydraulic oil in the extrusion oil cylinder 9 generates hydraulic pressure, and the oil cylinder 9 transmits the hydraulic pressure to the front brake 1 through an oil pipe, so that the front brake 1 is driven to operate, and the front wheel 17 of the vehicle is braked. When the braking driving force disappears, the first elastic member 12 is rapidly restored, thereby terminating the generation of the braking force by the front brake 1.

The shortage of hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 9 directly causes the shortage of braking force of the front brake 1, and the riding safety is affected. In order to ensure that the hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 9 can generate enough hydraulic pressure, an oil filling pipe 13 is arranged on the oil cylinder 9, one end of the oil filling pipe 13 is communicated with the inside of the oil cylinder 9, and an oil filling port 14 is arranged at the other end of the oil filling pipe 13. When the hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 9 is insufficient, the hydraulic oil can be added into the oil cylinder 9 from the oil filling port 14, so that sufficient hydraulic oil is always kept in the oil cylinder 9.

The linkage mechanism is provided with a pedal resetting device, and in the embodiment, the pedal resetting device is a second elastic piece 15; in other embodiments, the pedal return device may be other elastic members having the same function. One end of the second elastic element 15 is fixedly connected with the rear brake pull rod 8, and the other end is fixedly connected with the frame of the vehicle. When a user steps on the brake pedal 4 to output a driving force to the brake pedal 4, and the driving force is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic member 15, the brake pedal 4 transmits the driving force to the linkage mechanism, so as to drive the rear brake pull rod 8 to move, drive the rear brake 3 to work, and simultaneously stretch the second elastic member 15. After braking is finished, a user releases the brake pedal 4, the rear brake pull rod 8 resets under the action of the elastic force of the second elastic piece 15, the linkage mechanism is pulled to move, and the linkage mechanism drives the brake pedal 4 to quickly reset.

In order to prevent the front wheel 17 of the vehicle from locking in advance when in operation, the elastic force of the second elastic member 15 is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic member 12.

The working principle is as follows:

as shown in fig. 4-6, no force is applied to the drive block 41 prior to braking; in the initial braking stage, when the force of the user for stepping on the driving block 41 is less than the elastic force of the first elastic member 12 and greater than the elastic force of the second elastic member 15, the rear braking pull rod 8 moves to control the rear brake 3 to work, so as to provide braking force for the rear wheel 18 of the vehicle; the hydraulic mechanism does not work until the force of the user's foot on the driving block 41 is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 12, and controls the front brake 1 to work to provide braking force for the front wheel 17 of the vehicle. Make this arresting gear can satisfy the user demand of front and rear wheel combined braking, and the in-process of braking at every turn, all be that rear brake 3 begins work in advance in front brake 1, can prevent that front wheel 17 from locking in advance, the security of guarantee riding.

In the present embodiment, the gripping mechanism 2 is a front brake grip, the first elastic member 12 is a delay spring, and the second elastic member 15 is a delay spring.

Example 2

As shown in figure 7, the vehicle comprising the braking device further comprises a frame 16, a front wheel 17 and a rear wheel 18, wherein the front wheel 17 and the rear wheel 18 are respectively fixed on the frame 16 in a limiting manner, the front brake 1 is installed on the front wheel 17, and the rear brake 3 is installed on the rear wheel 18. The oil cylinder 9 is fixedly connected with the frame 16, and the rotating shaft 42 in the brake pedal 4 and the central rotating shaft 63 on the second rotating member 6 are respectively fixed on the frame 16 in a limiting way, so that the brake pedal 4 and the second rotating member 6 can rotate in a limiting way relative to the frame 16. One end of the second elastic member 15 is fixedly connected with the rear brake pull rod 8, and the other end is fixedly connected with the frame 16, so that the second elastic member 15 can rapidly control the brake pedal 4 to reset after a user releases the brake pedal 4.

When the brake is needed, the front brake 1 can be controlled to work independently through the holding mechanism 2, and the braking force is provided for the front wheel 17. When the driving block 41 is stepped on and braking driving force is output to the driving block 41 and the braking driving force is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic part 12 and larger than the elastic force of the second elastic part 15, the rear brake pull rod 8 moves to control the rear brake 3 to work and provide braking force for the rear wheel 18 of the vehicle; the hydraulic mechanism is not operated until the braking/driving force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 12, and the front brake 1 is controlled to operate to provide braking force to the front wheels 17 of the vehicle. The braking device can meet the use requirements of front and rear wheel combined braking, and the rear brake 3 starts to work before the front brake 1 when the driving block 41 is stepped on for braking at each time, so that the front wheel 17 can be prevented from being locked in advance, and the riding safety is guaranteed.

As shown in fig. 8, in the embodiments of the present invention, a series of acting forces are generated by the brake pedal 4 to the front brake 1 and the rear brake 3, and are distributed to the front brake 1 and the rear brake 3 in a certain proportion through spiral rotation, and there is a certain delay effect when the acting forces are distributed to the front brake 1, in order to achieve the above effect, the present invention is internally composed of a set of rear brake drum brake kit and a set of hydraulic cylinders, wherein the rear brake drum brake kit connected to the rear brake 3 is controlled and output by the first rotating member 5, the rear brake pull rod 8, the first elastic member 15, and the like; the hydraulic mechanism connected to the front brake 1 is controlled by the first rotary block 61, the piston rod 10 and the first elastic member 12, and the hydraulic pressure distributed to the oil cylinder 9 through the first rotary block 61 does not provide hydraulic pressure to the front brake 1 until the hydraulic pressure is larger than the holding force of the first elastic member 12; when the output hydraulic pressure is greater than the holding force of the first elastic element 12, the piston rod 10 moves backwards, the valve body is opened, and the output hydraulic pressure and the input hydraulic pressure are in a ratio of 1: 1, the front brake 1 has certain delay effect when being distributed to the front brake, and has the advantages of simple structure, cost saving and convenient arrangement.

In the initial stage, in the process of operating the brake pedal 4 to provide braking force for the front brake 1 and the rear brake 3, the first rotating member 5 rotates, the first rotating block 61 is kept in the original state, the initial braking force only pulls the rear brake pull rod 8 to directly provide braking force for the rear brake 3, and at the moment, the piston rod 10 transmitting the braking force to the front brake 1 is not opened, and hydraulic pressure is not provided for the front brake 1; when the hydraulic pressure entering the cylinder 9 is greater than the holding force of the first elastic member 12 after the first rotating block 61 is rotated to a certain angle, the piston rod 10 is opened, and the front brake 1 and the rear brake 3 provide braking force simultaneously.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A braking device is characterized by comprising a brake pedal, a linkage mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, a front brake and a rear brake;

the linkage mechanism is respectively connected with the brake pedal, the rear brake and the hydraulic mechanism, one end of the hydraulic mechanism, which is far away from the linkage mechanism, is connected with the front brake and is used for driving the front brake to work, the linkage mechanism is driven to move through the brake pedal, and then the rear brake and the hydraulic mechanism are respectively driven to work through the linkage mechanism.

2. The brake apparatus of claim 1, wherein the brake pedal includes a driving block, a rotation shaft and a connection block, the rotation shaft being connected to one end of the connection block and one end of the driving block, respectively, and the other end of the connection block being connected to the link mechanism.

3. The brake device according to claim 2, wherein the linkage mechanism comprises a first rotating member and a second rotating member, one end of the first rotating member is hinged to the connecting block, the other end of the first rotating member is connected to the rear brake through a rear brake pull rod, and one end of the rear brake pull rod, which is far away from the rear brake, is hinged to the first rotating member;

and a clamping block is arranged on one side of the first rotating part, which is close to the connecting block, the clamping block is clamped with one end of the second rotating part, and the other end of the second rotating part is connected with the hydraulic mechanism.

4. The braking device according to claim 3, wherein the second rotating member includes a first rotating block, a second rotating block and a central rotating shaft, the central rotating shaft is connected to one end of the first rotating block and one end of the second rotating block respectively, the first rotating block and the second rotating block can rotate by using the central rotating shaft as an axis, one end of the first rotating block, which is far away from the central rotating shaft, is connected to the clamping block in a clamping manner, and one end of the second rotating block, which is far away from the central rotating shaft, is connected to the hydraulic mechanism.

5. The braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydraulic mechanism comprises an oil cylinder and a piston rod, one end of the oil cylinder is connected with the front brake, one end of the piston rod extends into the oil cylinder, a first elastic member is sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod, one end of the first elastic member is abutted to the oil cylinder, the other end of the first elastic member is connected with the outer wall of the piston rod, and one end of the piston rod, which is far away from the oil cylinder, is hinged to the second rotating block.

6. The brake apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said oil cylinder is provided with an oil filler pipe, one end of said oil filler pipe is communicated with the inside of said oil cylinder, and the other end of said oil filler pipe is provided with an oil filler opening.

7. The brake apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a pedal return mechanism coupled to the linkage mechanism.

8. The brake apparatus of claim 7, wherein the pedal return mechanism is a second elastic member, the second elastic member is connected to the rear brake lever, and an elastic force of the second elastic member is smaller than an elastic force of the first elastic member.

9. The brake apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a gripping mechanism coupled to the front brake.

10. A vehicle comprising the brake apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a frame, a front wheel, and a rear wheel, the front wheel and the rear wheel being provided on the frame, respectively, the front brake being mounted on the front wheel, the rear brake being mounted on the rear wheel, the brake pedal, the link mechanism, and the hydraulic mechanism being connected to the frame, respectively.