CN113598370A - Effective part extract of tea waste and extraction method and application thereof - Google Patents
Effective part extract of tea waste and extraction method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dpph Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N]N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
- A61K8/9789—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/08—Anti-ageing preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention discloses an extract of effective parts of tea wastes, an extraction method and application thereof. The extraction method comprises the following steps: pulverizing tea waste, soaking in solvent or extracting under heating, filtering, and concentrating to obtain extract; dispersing the extract in water, and extracting with a first extracting agent to obtain a water layer; extracting the water layer with a second extraction agent at least twice, collecting and combining the obtained ethyl acetate layers, and decoloring, filtering, concentrating and drying the ethyl acetate layers to obtain the effective part extract. The effective part extract obtained by the invention has the effect of scavenging free radicals and can be used as a raw material or an additive of foods, beverages and cosmetics with antioxidant function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological activity, and particularly relates to an extract of an effective part of tea waste (tea hair or tea stem), an extraction method and application thereof.
Background
Tea (black tea, oolong tea and green tea) is widely consumed in various places in the world, is the first of three major beverages, is also a natural beverage most popularized in China, has a history of thousands of years in China, is complete in variety and rich in resources, and is a main tea production and export country in the world. The chemical components contained in tea mainly include tea polyphenol, protease, amino acid, carbohydrate, oil, sterol, vitamins and pigment. A plurality of researches prove that the tea extract has pharmacological functions of resisting cancer, aging, radiation, oxidation, blood sugar and blood fat, and the like, and the main functional component of the tea extract is tea polyphenol which accounts for about 18 to 36 percent of the dry weight of the tea.
In the production and processing process of tea, a large amount of tea hairs and tea stalks are discarded as waste materials, so that a large amount of resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for extracting effective part extract from tea waste (tea hair or tea stalk), and the obtained effective part extract has the effect of scavenging free radicals.
The invention provides a method for extracting an extract of an effective part of tea waste, which comprises the following steps:
A. pulverizing tea waste, soaking in solvent or extracting under heating, filtering, and concentrating to obtain extract;
B. dispersing the extract in the step A in water, and extracting with a first extracting agent to obtain a water layer;
C. and B, extracting the water layer obtained in the step B at least twice by using a second extracting agent, collecting and combining the obtained extraction layers, and decoloring, filtering, concentrating and drying the extraction layers to obtain the effective part extract.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the tea leaf waste in step a is tea milli-and/or tea stem. For example, the tea milli-and/or tea stem may be derived from various teas known in the art, such as oolong, white, black or green tea.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the tea leaf waste is crushed to a particle size of 70-90 mesh, preferably 75-85 mesh, for example 70 mesh, 73 mesh, 76 mesh, 80 mesh, 82 mesh, 86 mesh or 90 mesh as described in step a.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mass volume ratio of the tea leaf waste to the mixed solution in step A may be 1kg of (1-5) L, preferably 1kg of (2-4) L, such as 1kg of 1L, 1kg of 2L, 1kg of 2.5L, 1kg of 5L;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, in the mixed solution in step a, the volume ratio of ethanol and water may be (50-100):30, preferably (60-90):30, for example, 50:30, 60:30, 70:30, 80:30, 90: 30;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the soaking in step a may be 10 to 30 ℃, preferably 15 to 25 ℃, e.g. 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the soaking time in step a may be 20 to 50 days, preferably 30 to 40 days, such as 25 days, 30 days, 35 days, 45 days;
according to an embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the thermal extraction in step a may be between 30 and 100 ℃, preferably between 50 and 90 ℃, for example 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the time of said heat extraction in step a may be 6-24h, preferably 10-20h, e.g. 8h, 12h, 18h, 22 h;
according to an example embodiment of the present invention, the solvent in step a is a mixed solvent of a lower alcohol and water, preferably a mixed solvent of ethanol and water;
according to an example embodiment of the present invention, the first extracting agent in step B is an organic solvent, preferably, the first extracting agent is n-hexane, chloroform or dichloromethane, for example, n-hexane.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the number of extractions in step B may be 1-5, e.g. 3;
preferably, the step B further comprises combining the aqueous layers obtained from each extraction;
according to an embodiment of the invention, the second extractant in step C is dichloromethane, chloroform or ethyl acetate, preferably ethyl acetate.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the number of extractions in step C may be 1-5, e.g. 3;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the drying in step C may be lyophilization or oven drying;
preferably, the temperature of the drying may be 40-60 ℃, such as 45-55 ℃, e.g. 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the decoloring in step C may be performed using activated carbon.
The present invention also provides an extract of the effective fraction of tea leaves wastes, which has antioxidant activity, such as ability to scavenge DPPH radicals.
Preferably, the effective part extract is obtained by extraction with the extraction method.
Preferably, the effective part extract contains flavonoids.
Preferably, the DPPH free radical clearance rate of the effective part extract is more than or equal to 80 percent; preferably, the clearance rate of DPPH free radical of the effective part extract in DMSO solution of the effective part extract with the concentration of 0.345mg/mL reaches 85.44%; in DMSO solution of the effective component extract with concentration of 0.316mg/mL, the clearance rate of the effective component on DPPH free radical reaches 84.32%.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the effective part extract is a dark yellow-green solid powder.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the effective fraction extract has an HPLC profile as shown in fig. 1.
The invention also provides the application of the extract of the effective part of the tea waste as a raw material or an additive of food, beverage and cosmetics with antioxidant function.
Advantageous effects
The invention takes the tea waste material tea hair and/or tea stalk as the raw material, and the ethyl acetate effective part extract of the tea waste is obtained by the extraction through the soaking or hot extraction of an alcohol-water mixture, the normal hexane extraction and the ethyl acetate extraction, thereby realizing the reutilization of waste resources. The obtained effective part extract has excellent antioxidant activity, has DPPH free radical scavenging rate of more than or equal to 80%, and can be used as raw material or additive of food, beverage and cosmetic with antioxidant function.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a HPLC chromatogram of the extract of the effective fraction prepared in example 2.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the effective fraction extract prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
The preparation and use of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are only illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All the technologies realized based on the above-mentioned contents of the present invention are covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available products or can be prepared by known methods.
Instruments and reagents:
the tea hairs and the tea stalks are provided by a tea factory in the tea industry of Bama tea in 10 months in 2020, are the tea hairs and the tea stalks of the oolong, and are crushed by a crusher before the experiment. Other chemical reagents are all domestic chemical pure reagents.
The detection apparatus used a high performance liquid chromatograph model D-2000 Elite.
In the following examples, the pulverizer pulverizes the tea hairs and/or tea stems to 80 mesh.
Example 1
Preparation of extract of effective part of tea hair
1. 50L V is applied to 10 kg of teaEthanol/VWater (W)Soaking the mixed solution of 70/30 at room temperature for 30 days, filtering to obtain alcohol/water extractive solution, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain extract;
2. dispersing the extract in water, extracting with n-hexane for three times, separating n-hexane layer, and retaining water layer;
3. extracting the water layer obtained in the step 2 with ethyl acetate for three times, collecting the ethyl acetate layer, decolorizing the ethyl acetate layer with activated carbon, filtering, concentrating, and drying to obtain the effective component extract (dark yellow green solid powder), with extraction rate of 3%.
Example 2
Preparing an extract of the effective part of the tea stem: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the tea hairs in example 1 were replaced with tea stems. The obtained effective components extract is dark yellow green solid powder, as shown in figure 2.
Dissolving DPPH 5mg in DMSO, adding into HPLC, eluting with 30% water and 70% methanol as eluent, separating to obtain liquid chromatogram shown in figure 1, and proving that the effective component extract contains flavonoids.
Example 3
Antioxidant activity of the extract of the effective fraction of Camellia sinensis obtained in example 1 and the extract of the effective fraction of Camellia sinensis stem obtained in example 2 was measured by DPPH method
3.1 preparation of DPPH stock solution
And (3) putting DPPH 5mg into a 25mL volumetric flask, diluting with DMSO to a constant volume, fully shaking to prepare DPPH stock solution, and storing in a dark place.
3.2 preparation of DPPH application solutions
The DPPH stock solution and DMSO are prepared into DPPH application solution (10mL) according to the volume ratio of 1.8:8.2, and the DPPH application solution and DMSO are fully and uniformly mixed to prepare DPPH stock solution which is stored in a dark place.
3.3 Absorbance measurement
a. Taking 5mL of DPPH application solution, and measuring the absorbance A at 519nm0Triplicate determinations were performed.
b. To 5mL (3 parts) of DPPH solution was added DMSO solutions of the extracts of the effective fractions of Camellia sinensis of example 1, respectively, to a concentration of the extracts shown in Table 1, followed by shaking with thorough mixing and measuring absorbance A at 519nm, and then, the absorbance A was measured in parallel three times.
c. To 5mL (3 parts) of DPPH solution was added DMSO solutions of the extracts of the effective fractions of stem of Camellia sinensis obtained in example 2, respectively, to the concentrations of the extracts shown in Table 1, followed by shaking with thorough mixing and measuring the absorbance A at 519nm, and then, the absorbance A was measured in parallel three times.
The test results are shown in Table 1.
3.4 calculation of clearance
DPPH clearance%0-A)/A0×100％
TABLE 1 elimination of DPPH by ethyl acetate extraction of the effective fractions of tea milli and tea stem
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for extracting an extract of an effective part of tea waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. pulverizing tea waste, soaking in solvent or extracting under heating, filtering, and concentrating to obtain extract;
B. dispersing the extract in the step A in water, and extracting with a first extracting agent to obtain a water layer;
C. and B, extracting the water layer obtained in the step B at least twice by using a second extracting agent, collecting and combining the obtained extraction layers, and decoloring, filtering, concentrating and drying the extraction layers to obtain the effective part extract.
2. The method for extracting the effective fraction extract of tea leaves wastes according to claim 1, wherein the tea leaves wastes in the step a are tea hairs and/or tea stalks;
preferably, the tea leaf waste is pulverized to a particle size of 70-90 mesh in step a;
preferably, the mass volume ratio of the tea waste to the mixed solution in the step A is 1kg (1-5) L.
3. The method for extracting the effective fraction extract of tea leaves waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the mixed solution in the step A is (50-100): 30;
according to an embodiment of the invention, the temperature of said soaking in step a is 10-30 ℃;
according to an embodiment of the invention, the soaking time in step a is 20 to 50 days.
4. The method for extracting the tea leaf waste effective fraction extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the hot extraction in the step A is 30 to 100 ℃;
according to an embodiment of the invention, the time of said heat extraction in step a is between 6 and 24 h;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the solvent in step a is a mixed solvent of a lower alcohol and water, preferably a mixed solvent of ethanol and water.
5. The method for extracting the tea leaf waste effective fraction extract as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first extracting agent in step B is an organic solvent, preferably n-hexane, chloroform or dichloromethane, such as n-hexane;
preferably, the number of extractions in step B is 1-5;
preferably, the step B further comprises combining the aqueous layers obtained from each extraction.
6. The method for extracting the tea leaf waste effective fraction extract according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second extractant in the step C is n-hexane, chloroform or ethyl acetate, such as ethyl acetate.
Preferably, the number of extractions in step C is 1-5;
preferably, the drying in step C is lyophilization or oven drying.
7. The method for extracting the tea leaf waste effective fraction extract according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the drying temperature is preferably 40 to 60 ℃;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the decoloring in step C may be performed using activated carbon.
8. An extract of the effective fraction of tea leaves waste has antioxidant activity, such as DPPH radical scavenging activity.
Preferably, the effective part extract is obtained by the extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Preferably, the effective part extract contains flavonoids.
9. The tea leaf waste effective fraction extract according to claim 8, wherein the tea leaf waste effective fraction extract comprises: the clearance rate of the effective part extract on DPPH free radicals is more than or equal to 80 percent;
preferably, the clearance rate of DPPH free radical of the effective part extract in DMSO solution of the effective part extract with the concentration of 0.345mg/mL reaches 85.44%;
in DMSO solution of the effective component extract with concentration of 0.316mg/mL, the clearance rate of the effective component to DPPH free radical reaches 84.32%;
preferably, the effective part extract is dark yellow green solid powder;
preferably, the effective part extract has a liquid chromatogram substantially as shown in fig. 1.
10. Use of the extract of the effective fraction of tea leaves waste according to claim 8 or 9 as a raw material or additive for foods, beverages, cosmetics having antioxidant function.
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| 陈汝盼，李大刚: "浸提一沉淀法提取茶叶脚料中的茶多酚", 《黎明职业大学学报》, no. 4, pages 51 - 55 * |
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