CN113597501A - 密封系统中的完全稳定氧化锆 - Google Patents
密封系统中的完全稳定氧化锆 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113597501A CN113597501A CN202080022236.9A CN202080022236A CN113597501A CN 113597501 A CN113597501 A CN 113597501A CN 202080022236 A CN202080022236 A CN 202080022236A CN 113597501 A CN113597501 A CN 113597501A
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- stabilized zirconia
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- 229910002078 fully stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002077 partially stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002080 8 mol% Y2O3 fully stabilized ZrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
- F01D11/122—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with erodable or abradable material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/284—Selection of ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/282—Selecting composite materials, e.g. blades with reinforcing filaments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/10—Two-dimensional
- F05D2250/18—Two-dimensional patterned
- F05D2250/182—Two-dimensional patterned crenellated, notched
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
- F05D2250/29—Three-dimensional machined; miscellaneous
- F05D2250/294—Three-dimensional machined; miscellaneous grooved
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
- F05D2300/21—Oxide ceramics
- F05D2300/2118—Zirconium oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
- F05D2300/6033—Ceramic matrix composites [CMC]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及用于燃气轮机的密封系统,所述密封包括定子(4)和叶片(3),所述叶片(3)具有面向定子(4)的叶片尖端(25)。叶片包括保护陶瓷涂层(21),所述保护陶瓷涂层(21)具有由部分稳定氧化锆制成并且拥有呈竖直裂纹形式的至少部分分段的显微结构的内陶瓷层(19)。陶瓷涂层(21)还包括由完全稳定氧化锆制成并且具有分段的显微结构的外陶瓷层。优选地,整个翼面表面设置有保护陶瓷涂层(21)。在面向具有陶瓷涂层(16)的壳体的叶片尖端(25)上使用完全稳定氧化锆涂层将导致更好的密封系统。定子(4)包括可磨损涂层(15),所述可磨损涂层(15)至少具有由完全稳定氧化锆或镱稳定氧化锆制成的外陶瓷涂层。
Description
本发明涉及在密封系统中用作可磨损物的基于平板上的尖端的完全稳定氧化锆。
目前在涡轮机领域中使用的可磨损涂层为高孔隙率陶瓷(超过25%)。具体地,目前在现代大型燃气轮机(LGT)中使用的典型可磨损涂层为YBZO(氧化镱稳定氧化锆)涂层。将作为短效物的聚酯与陶瓷粉末一起喷涂以便增加涂层的总孔隙率。由于在叶片尖端在可磨损物上的摩擦期间,高孔隙率可以允许良好的可磨损性,因此高孔隙率是可磨损物的最重要的要素。在新的LGT上,涡轮机入口温度(Turbine Inlet Temperatur,TIT)预计超过1873K。在该温度下,被认为主要依赖TBC。这意味着其为部件不可替代的组分。如果失去陶瓷涂层,则下方的金属暴露于这些温度下将导致其快速破坏,并且将必须更换部件。
以类似的方式,如果第一排或第二排的叶片尖端未涂覆有TBC,则它们将快速劣化,表明尖端上的TBC涂层的重要性。尖端上的TBC涂层应足够厚以保护下方的金属,并且应足够坚韧,以在其与环形段上的可磨损涂层接触期间不会被摩掉。
迄今为止,使用的典型TBC尖端涂层为YSZ(氧化钇稳定氧化锆),但这种涂层缺乏耐受更高温度的特性。已经开发出新化学成分的TBC以解决在最新一代IGT中出现的更高温度。与标准8YSZ涂层相比,被称为完全稳定氧化锆(Fully Stabilized Zirconia,FSZ)涂层的新化学成分结合了更高的化学相稳定性和更好的耐烧结性。然而,新化学成分的不利之处在于其还呈现出低得多的韧性。这意味着与相对体例如可磨损涂层相比,其可以相对容易地被摩掉。
因此,本发明的目的是克服上述问题。
该问题通过根据权利要求1所述的密封系统来解决。
在可以彼此任意组合以产生另外的优点的从属权利要求中列出了另外的优点。
建议沉积具有能使其韧性最大化的显微结构的FSZ。这种显微结构是分段(segmented)的。涂层被致密地沉积使得在其中形成竖直裂纹。有充分的文献记载,与相同化学成分的多孔涂层相比,分段的显微结构结合了良好的热应变能力以及显著提高的韧性和耐腐蚀性。已经表明,与15%多孔FSZ的韧性相比,分段的显微结构的FSZ涂层的韧性超过3倍高。
本发明的新颖之处在于使得可以在叶片的尖端上使用FSZ涂层作为磨料涂层。分段FSZ的显著提高的韧性将确保可磨损物会被摩掉而不是相反。
本发明的优点是:具有固有低韧性的高温稳定涂层可以沉积有可以显著提高其韧性和其摩擦能力的显微结构。
附图示出密封系统1的布置。
附图和描述仅示出本发明的一个或数个实例。
密封系统1包括壳体4或定子4。
定子4或壳体4优选地具有基底10,基底10特别地为金属,其上优选地施加有第一内陶瓷涂层16。优选地,该第一内陶瓷涂层16为孔隙率优选为至少15%且最大35%的多孔PSZ(部分稳定氧化锆)涂层。
在第一内陶瓷涂层16顶上施加第一外陶瓷涂层17,第一外陶瓷涂层17可以为YBZO(Yb2O3稳定氧化锆)或完全稳定氧化锆(FSZ),两者的孔隙率优选为25%至40%。
第一内陶瓷涂层16和第一外陶瓷涂层17两者形成第一陶瓷涂层15。
密封系统1的另一部分为叶片3,其中在此仅示出尖端25。叶片3具有在尖端25上的第二内陶瓷涂层19,所述第二内陶瓷涂层19包括具有分段的显微结构的部分稳定氧化锆(PSZ)涂层并且优选为至少125μm厚。
在该PSZ涂层19顶上施加第二外陶瓷涂层20,所述第二外陶瓷涂层20为分段的并且类似地具有分段的显微结构以及具有完全稳定氧化锆(FSZ)化学成分。
第二内陶瓷涂层19和第二外陶瓷涂层20两者形成第二陶瓷涂层21。
叶片3特别地包括金属基底13,金属基底13特别地为基于镍或基于钴的高温合金,但其还可以为任何CMC或任何陶瓷材料。
对于壳体的或叶片3上的基底10、13上的所有涂层15、21、24,在基底10、13与陶瓷涂层16、19、22之间可以存在任何粘合涂料,特别地金属涂料(NiCoCrAlY、...),在此未示出这些粘合涂料。
叶片3在其翼面14上还具有陶瓷翼面涂层24。
翼面14上的该陶瓷翼面涂层24;22、23可以理想地与尖端25上的陶瓷涂层具有相同的组成和显微结构,意味着对于内陶瓷翼面涂层22和外陶瓷翼面涂层23而言,PSZ顶上为分段的FSZ。
但其在显微结构方面也可以不同,但优选在组成方面没有不同。
Claims (5)
1.一种密封系统(1)
包括至少
定子(4)或壳体(4),
所述定子(4)或所述壳体(4)具有第一陶瓷涂层(15),
所述第一陶瓷涂层(15)面向叶片(3)的尖端(25),
其中该第一陶瓷涂层(15)包括:
优选地,由PSZ制成的第一内陶瓷涂层(16),
所述PSZ的孔隙率优选为至少15%且最大35%;和
由FSZ或YBZO制成的第一外陶瓷涂层(17),
第一外陶瓷涂层(17)的孔隙率优选为25%至40%,
以及
叶片(3),
所述叶片(3)面向所述定子(4)或所述壳体(4)或
所述壳体(4)的所述第一陶瓷涂层(15),
其中在所述叶片(3)的所述尖端(25)上存在第二陶瓷涂层(21),
所述第二陶瓷涂层(21)包括:
具有部分分段的显微结构且
最小厚度为125μm的由PSZ制成的第二内陶瓷涂层(19),和
具有分段的显微结构的由FSZ制成的第二外陶瓷涂层(20)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的密封系统,
其中在所述叶片(3)的翼面(14)上存在陶瓷翼面涂层(24;22、23),
所述陶瓷翼面涂层(24;22、23)包括由PSZ制成的内陶瓷翼面涂层(22)和
由FSZ制成的外陶瓷翼面涂层(23),其位于所述叶片(3)的所述翼面(14)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2中一项或两项所述的密封系统,
其中所述第二陶瓷涂层(21;19、20)由分段的显微结构组成。
4.根据前述权利要求1、2或3中任一项所述的密封系统,
其中所述陶瓷翼面涂层(24;22、23)由分段的显微结构组成。
5.根据前述权利要求1、2或3中任一项所述的密封系统,
其中所述第一内陶瓷涂层(16)并非由分段的显微结构组成。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19164597.7 | 2019-03-22 | ||
EP19164597.7A EP3712379A1 (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Fully stabilized zirconia in a seal system |
PCT/EP2020/054898 WO2020193043A1 (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2020-02-25 | Fully stabilized zirconia in a seal system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN113597501A true CN113597501A (zh) | 2021-11-02 |
CN113597501B CN113597501B (zh) | 2024-04-19 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN202080022236.9A Active CN113597501B (zh) | 2019-03-22 | 2020-02-25 | 密封系统中的完全稳定氧化锆 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220154592A1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP3712379A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP7275306B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN113597501B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2020193043A1 (zh) |
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DE102017207238A1 (de) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-10-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dichtungssystem für Laufschaufel und Gehäuse |
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2019
- 2019-03-22 EP EP19164597.7A patent/EP3712379A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-02-25 CN CN202080022236.9A patent/CN113597501B/zh active Active
- 2020-02-25 EP EP20710783.0A patent/EP3914807A1/en active Pending
- 2020-02-25 US US17/437,551 patent/US20220154592A1/en active Pending
- 2020-02-25 JP JP2021556405A patent/JP7275306B2/ja active Active
- 2020-02-25 WO PCT/EP2020/054898 patent/WO2020193043A1/en unknown
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US6102656A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 2000-08-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Segmented abradable ceramic coating |
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EP3914807A1 (en) | 2021-12-01 |
US20220154592A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
WO2020193043A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
JP2022533884A (ja) | 2022-07-27 |
CN113597501B (zh) | 2024-04-19 |
JP7275306B2 (ja) | 2023-05-17 |
EP3712379A1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
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