CN113595411A - Double-voltage change-over switch, equipment applying double-voltage change-over switch and control method - Google Patents
Double-voltage change-over switch, equipment applying double-voltage change-over switch and control method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-voltage change-over switch, equipment using the same and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of switches. In the prior art, a circuit of the equipment is adjusted through a manual switch so as to adapt to different power supply voltages, time and labor are wasted, and the user experience is poor. The invention relates to a double-voltage change-over switch which comprises a rectifying circuit, a voltage reduction filter circuit, a low-voltage direct current power supply circuit, a voltage comparison circuit and a voltage change-over circuit. The invention is provided with a voltage comparison circuit and a voltage switching circuit, wherein the voltage comparison circuit is provided with a comparator and can compare and judge the input voltage and output a corresponding result; the voltage switching circuit is provided with a triode Q3 and a relay, and can be connected with a corresponding voltage interface of the equipment according to the output result of the CON port, so that automatic connection of different voltage circuits is realized, and the scheme is simple and practical; input voltage judges, circuit switching can accomplish automatically, does not need the bothersome operation of user, and user experience is good, convenient to popularize and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-voltage change-over switch, equipment using the same and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of switches.
Background
Chinese patent publication No. CN2428847Y discloses a transformer with a voltage switch, in which a coil is wound on a silicon steel sheet in a winding seat, a primary coil in the coil is connected with two pins, a secondary coil is connected with an output wire, and an outer casing is wrapped on the outer side of the secondary coil, wherein a wire end at one end of the primary coil is connected with one pin, two wire ends pulled out from the turns of two different input voltages are connected with another pin by a voltage switch, the voltage switch comprises three conductive sheets and a push handle which are arranged in parallel at intervals and are respectively connected with the two wire ends and the other pin of the primary coil, and the push handle can electrically connect a conductive elastic sheet with two adjacent conductive sheets of the three conductive sheets, so that the transformer can be directly switched according to the input power voltage.
Above-mentioned scheme comes the circuit of adjusting equipment through manual switch to adapt to different mains voltage, but this kind of scheme, the user forgets change over switch very easily, leads to the circuit to damage or burn out, influences the life of equipment, and wastes time and energy, and user experience is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a voltage comparison circuit with a comparator, which can compare and determine an input voltage, and control a voltage switching circuit to switch the circuit by using a transistor Q3 and a relay, so as to effectively solve the problems of forgetting switching, error, time and labor consumption, etc. due to a manual switching scheme, and an apparatus and a control method using the same.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a double-voltage change-over switch comprises a rectification circuit, a voltage reduction filter circuit, a low-voltage direct current power supply circuit, a voltage comparison circuit and a voltage change-over circuit.
A rectifier circuit: the half-wave rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectifier bridge DB1 and a filter capacitor, and is used for performing half-wave rectification on input alternating current;
the voltage reduction filter circuit comprises: carrying out voltage reduction and filtering treatment on the alternating current which flows through the rectifier to obtain low-voltage direct current which comprises a plurality of capacitors;
low-voltage direct current supply circuit: providing power supply for the voltage comparison circuit and the voltage switching circuit, wherein the output voltage is Ua;
a voltage comparison circuit: the comparator is arranged for comparing and judging the input voltage so as to control the voltage switching circuit;
the positive electrode of the comparator is electrically connected with the rectifying circuit through the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit;
the negative electrode of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage reduction filter circuit through the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit;
the CON port of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
the triode Q3 is electrically connected with the CON port and can send an electric signal to the relay;
when the anode voltage of the comparator is larger than the cathode voltage of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs a Ua voltage;
when the anode voltage of the comparator is smaller than the cathode voltage of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs 0V voltage;
a voltage switching circuit: the device comprises a triode Q3 and a relay, and can be connected with a corresponding voltage interface of the equipment according to the output result of a CON port.
Through continuous exploration and test, the voltage comparison circuit and the voltage switching circuit are arranged, and the voltage comparison circuit is provided with a comparator and can compare and judge the input voltage and output a corresponding result; the voltage switching circuit is provided with a triode Q3 and a relay, and can be connected with a corresponding voltage interface of the equipment according to the output result of the CON port, so that the problems of time and labor waste, easiness in forgetting switching and error and easiness in switching of a manual switching scheme are effectively solved.
Furthermore, the automatic connection of different voltage circuits is realized through the comparator, the triode and the relay, and the scheme is simple and practical; input voltage judges, circuit switching can accomplish automatically, does not need the user to worry about the circuit damage or burn out that the voltage does not lead to, and user experience is good, convenient to popularize and use.
The low voltage in this application refers to a voltage of 3V-12V.
As a preferable technical measure:
the bridge rectifier bridge DB1 converts the polarity of sine wave negative half waves by using the single-phase conduction characteristic of a diode to obtain single-phase pulsating direct current.
As a preferable technical measure:
the number of the filter capacitors is three, and the filter capacitors are used for converting single-phase pulsating direct current into stable direct current.
As a preferable technical measure:
the voltage reduction filter circuit comprises a transformer TI, a power switch power supply U3, a direct-current voltage stabilization chip U2, a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C93;
the transformer TI and the power switch power supply U3 form a voltage regulating circuit;
direct current VDC output by the rectifying circuit passes through the voltage regulating circuit, passes through fixed 60HZ switching frequency, obtains 15V direct current power supply through power conversion, obtains 5V direct current power supply through the direct current voltage stabilizing chip U2, passes through capacitor C43 and capacitor C93 with this power supply signal, obtains 5V direct current voltage, as the power supply of voltage comparison circuit, need not to add extra power, and is laborsaving in trouble-saving, the cost is reduced.
As a preferable technical measure:
the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R11;
the resistor R3 and the resistor R6 are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the comparator and used for dividing the input voltage of the anode;
the resistor R7 and the resistor R11 are respectively electrically connected with the negative electrode of the comparator and are used for dividing the input voltage of the negative electrode;
the relay is connected with different line pressure interfaces of the equipment through a wiring terminal three and a wiring terminal four;
when the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is in a pull-in state, and the terminal III and the terminal IV are respectively connected with the 220V input interface of the equipment;
when the transistor Q3 is in a non-conducting state, the relay is in a release state, and the terminal three and the terminal four are respectively connected with the 110V input interface of the device.
As a preferable technical measure:
the device also comprises an MCU control chip, a voltage acquisition circuit and a high-voltage alternating current output circuit;
the MCU control chip is used for judging the acquired data so as to more effectively judge the circuit voltage range;
the voltage acquisition circuit is used for acquiring voltage data;
and the high-voltage alternating current output circuit is used for outputting voltage to equipment.
As a preferable technical measure:
an apparatus using a dual voltage change-over switch,
the double-voltage change-over switch comprises a 110V input interface, a 220V input interface and the double-voltage change-over switch;
one of the 110V input interface or the 220V input interface is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
a comparator is arranged on the voltage comparison circuit, and a CON port of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
the voltage switching circuit comprises a triode Q3 and a relay;
when the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is greater than the voltage of the negative electrode of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs the Ua voltage, and when the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is in a pull-in state, so that the 220V input interface of the equipment is connected with a 220V input power supply;
when the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is smaller than the voltage of the negative electrode of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs 0V voltage, the triode Q3 is in a non-conducting state, and the relay is in a releasing state at the moment, so that the 110V input interface of the equipment is connected to a 110V input power supply;
the device is an electromechanical device or a household appliance or an electronic product.
As a preferable technical measure:
the electromechanical equipment comprises a motor, wherein a 220V input interface of the motor is provided with a fifth wire end and a seventh wire end, and a 110V input interface of the motor is provided with a sixth wire end and an eighth wire end;
the relay is provided with a wiring end III and a wiring end IV;
when the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is in a pull-in state, the terminal III and the terminal IV are respectively abutted against the terminal V and the terminal VII, the 220V input power supply is conducted with the motor wiring, and the motor works under 220V voltage;
when the triode Q3 is in a non-conducting state, the relay is in a releasing state, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively abutted against the sixth terminal and the eighth terminal, the 110V input power supply is conducted with the motor wiring, and the motor works under the 110V voltage.
As a preferable technical measure:
a control method of a double-voltage change-over switch,
the double-voltage change-over switch is applied;
it comprises the following contents:
firstly, when 220V/50HZ commercial power is input from an input end J1, the polarity of 50HZ sine wave negative half waves is converted through a DB1 bridge rectifier bridge according to the single-phase conduction characteristic of a diode, single-phase pulsating direct current of 100HZ is obtained, and then stable (small-fluctuation) direct current is obtained through three filter capacitors, namely a filter capacitor E4, a filter capacitor E5 and a filter capacitor E6, and the voltage is 310V;
secondly, the 310V direct-current power VDC obtained in the first step passes through a voltage regulating circuit consisting of a transformer TI and a power switch power supply U3, a 15V direct-current power supply is obtained through power conversion by a fixed switching frequency of 60HZ, a 5V direct-current power supply is obtained through a direct-current voltage stabilizing chip U2, and a power supply signal passes through a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C93 to finally obtain a relatively stable 5V direct-current voltage Ub which cannot fluctuate greatly and is used as a power supply of a voltage comparison circuit;
thirdly, performing resistance voltage division on the 310V direct-current power VDC obtained by filtering in the first step to obtain 2.38V direct-current voltage, and inputting the obtained voltage detection value of 2.38 +/-0.15V into the anode of a comparator in a voltage comparison circuit according to the voltage fluctuation range of the commercial power;
performing resistance voltage division on the 5V direct-current power supply obtained in the second step, and inputting 2V direct-current voltage obtained after voltage division into a negative electrode of a comparator in a voltage comparison circuit;
at the moment, the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is greater than the voltage of the negative electrode, and the comparator outputs 5V voltage to a CON port;
fourthly, when 5V voltage is input into the port of the triode Q3, the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is attracted at the moment, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively in contact with the fifth terminal and the seventh terminal, so that a 220V input power supply is conducted with the connection wire of the motor, and the motor works under 220V voltage;
when the input voltage is 110V/60Hz, the control steps are similar to the steps one to four described above:
155V direct current voltage is obtained through the rectifying circuit, 1.19V voltage is obtained through voltage division, the negative voltage of the input voltage of the comparator is larger than the positive voltage, the output of a CON port of the comparator is 0V, the Q3 triode is not conducted, the relay is in a release state, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively inconsistent with the sixth terminal and the eighth terminal, so that a 110V input power supply is connected with a motor wire, and the motor works under the 110V voltage.
The scheme of the invention is detailed, practical and convenient to realize.
As a preferable technical measure:
the positive electrode partial pressure calculation formula of the comparator is as follows:
U+＝VDC1*R6/(R6+R3)
VDC1 is direct-current voltage passing through a rectifying circuit, and R6 and R3 are voltage-dividing resistors on a positive electrode circuit of a comparator;
VDC1＝Uc*2^(1/2)
wherein, Uc is the input commercial power voltage;
the negative electrode partial pressure calculation formula of the comparator is as follows:
U-＝Ub*R10/(R10+R15)
ub is direct current voltage passing through the voltage reduction filter circuit;
r10 and R15 are voltage-dividing resistors on the negative electrode circuit of the comparator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
through continuous exploration and test, the voltage comparison circuit and the voltage switching circuit are arranged, and the voltage comparison circuit is provided with a comparator and can compare and judge the input voltage and output a corresponding result; the voltage switching circuit is provided with a triode Q3 and a relay, and can be connected with a corresponding voltage interface of the equipment according to the output result of the CON port, so that the problems of time and labor waste, easiness in forgetting switching and error and easiness in switching of a manual switching scheme are effectively solved.
Furthermore, the automatic connection of different voltage circuits is realized through the comparator, the triode and the relay, and the scheme is simple and practical; input voltage judges, circuit switching can accomplish automatically, does not need the user to worry about the circuit damage or burn out that the voltage does not lead to, and user experience is good, convenient to popularize and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a buck filter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a low voltage DC power supply circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage switching circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of different voltage connections for the motor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a dual voltage switch includes a rectifying circuit, a voltage-reducing filter circuit, a low voltage dc power supply circuit, a voltage comparison circuit, and a voltage switching circuit.
A rectifier circuit: the half-wave rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectifier bridge DB1 and a filter capacitor, and is used for performing half-wave rectification on input alternating current;
the voltage reduction filter circuit comprises: carrying out voltage reduction and filtering treatment on the alternating current which flows through the rectifier to obtain low-voltage direct current which comprises a plurality of capacitors;
low-voltage direct current supply circuit: providing power supply for the voltage comparison circuit and the voltage switching circuit, wherein the output voltage is Ua;
a voltage comparison circuit: the comparator is arranged for comparing and judging the input voltage so as to control the voltage switching circuit;
the positive electrode of the comparator is electrically connected with the rectifying circuit through the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit;
the negative electrode of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage reduction filter circuit through the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit;
the CON port of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
the triode Q3 is electrically connected with the CON port and can send an electric signal to the relay;
when the anode voltage of the comparator is larger than the cathode voltage of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs a Ua voltage;
when the anode voltage of the comparator is smaller than the cathode voltage of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs 0V voltage;
a voltage switching circuit: the device comprises a triode Q3 and a relay, and can be connected with a corresponding voltage interface of the equipment according to the output result of a CON port.
Through continuous exploration and test, the voltage comparison circuit and the voltage switching circuit are arranged, and the voltage comparison circuit is provided with a comparator and can compare and judge the input voltage and output a corresponding result; the voltage switching circuit is provided with a triode Q3 and a relay, and can be connected with a corresponding voltage interface of the equipment according to the output result of the CON port, so that the problems of time and labor waste, easiness in forgetting switching and error and easiness in switching of a manual switching scheme are effectively solved.
Furthermore, the automatic connection of different voltage circuits is realized through the comparator, the triode and the relay, and the scheme is simple and practical; input voltage judges, circuit switching can accomplish automatically, does not need the user to worry about the circuit damage or burn out that the voltage does not lead to, and user experience is good, convenient to popularize and use.
A specific embodiment of the rectifier circuit of the present invention:
the bridge rectifier bridge DB1 converts the polarity of sine wave negative half waves by using the single-phase conduction characteristic of a diode to obtain single-phase pulsating direct current.
The number of the filter capacitors is three, and the filter capacitors are used for converting single-phase pulsating direct current into stable (small-fluctuation) direct current.
The invention relates to a specific embodiment of a voltage reduction filter circuit, which comprises the following steps:
the voltage reduction filter circuit comprises a transformer TI, a power switch power supply U3, a direct-current voltage stabilization chip U2, a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C93;
the transformer TI and the power switch power supply U3 form a voltage regulating circuit;
the direct current VDC output by the rectifying circuit passes through the voltage regulating circuit, passes through a fixed switching frequency of 60HZ, is subjected to power conversion to obtain a 15V direct current power supply, then passes through a direct current voltage stabilizing chip U2 to obtain a 5V direct current power supply, and a power supply signal passes through a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C93 to obtain a 5V direct current voltage which is relatively stable and does not fluctuate greatly and is used as a power supply of the voltage comparison circuit.
The invention relates to a specific embodiment of a low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit, which comprises the following steps:
the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R11;
the resistor R3 and the resistor R6 are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the comparator and used for dividing the input voltage of the anode;
the resistor R7 and the resistor R11 are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the comparator, respectively, and divide the input voltage of the negative electrode.
The invention applies a specific embodiment of a dual voltage diverter switch:
an apparatus using a dual voltage change-over switch,
the double-voltage change-over switch comprises a 110V input interface, a 220V input interface and the double-voltage change-over switch;
one of the 110V input interface or the 220V input interface is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
a comparator is arranged on the voltage comparison circuit, and a CON port of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
the voltage switching circuit comprises a triode Q3 and a relay;
when the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is greater than the voltage of the negative electrode of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs the Ua voltage, and when the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is in a pull-in state, so that the 220V input interface of the equipment is connected with a 220V input power supply;
when the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is smaller than the voltage of the negative electrode of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs 0V voltage, the triode Q3 is in a non-conducting state, and the relay is in a releasing state at the moment, so that the 110V input interface of the equipment is connected to a 110V input power supply;
the device is an electromechanical device or a household appliance or an electronic product.
The invention relates to a specific embodiment of a control method of a double-voltage change-over switch, which comprises the following steps:
a control method of a double-voltage change-over switch,
the double-voltage change-over switch is applied;
it comprises the following contents:
firstly, when 220V/50HZ commercial power is input from an input end J1, the polarity of 50HZ sine wave negative half-waves is converted through a DB1 bridge rectifier bridge according to the single-phase conduction characteristic of a diode, single-phase pulsating direct current of 100HZ is obtained, and then stable (small fluctuation) direct current is obtained through three filter capacitors, namely a filter capacitor E4, a filter capacitor E5 and a filter capacitor E6, and the voltage is 310V;
secondly, the 310V direct-current power VDC obtained in the first step passes through a voltage regulating circuit consisting of a transformer TI and a power switch power supply U3, a 15V direct-current power supply is obtained through power conversion by a fixed switching frequency of 60HZ, a 5V direct-current power supply is obtained through a direct-current voltage stabilizing chip U2, and a power supply signal passes through a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C93 to finally obtain a relatively stable 5V direct-current voltage Ub which cannot fluctuate greatly and is used as a power supply of a voltage comparison circuit;
thirdly, performing resistance voltage division on the 310V direct-current power VDC obtained by filtering in the first step to obtain 2.38V direct-current voltage, and inputting the obtained voltage detection value of 2.38 +/-0.15V into the anode of a comparator in a voltage comparison circuit according to the voltage fluctuation range of the commercial power;
performing resistance voltage division on the 5V direct-current power supply obtained in the second step, and inputting 2V direct-current voltage obtained after voltage division into a negative electrode of a comparator in a voltage comparison circuit;
at the moment, the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is greater than the voltage of the negative electrode, and the comparator outputs 5V voltage to a CON port;
fourthly, when 5V voltage is input into the port of the triode Q3, the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is attracted at the moment, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively in contact with the fifth terminal and the seventh terminal, so that a 220V input power supply is conducted with the connection wire of the motor, and the motor works under 220V voltage;
when the input voltage is 110V/60Hz, the control steps are similar to the steps one to four described above:
155V direct current voltage is obtained through the rectifying circuit, 1.19V voltage is obtained through voltage division, the negative voltage of the input voltage of the comparator is larger than the positive voltage, the output of a CON port of the comparator is 0V, the Q3 triode is not conducted, the relay is in a release state, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively inconsistent with the sixth terminal and the eighth terminal, so that a 110V input power supply is connected with a motor wire, and the motor works under the 110V voltage.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention:
a double-voltage change-over switch comprises a rectification circuit, a voltage reduction filter circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit, a high-voltage alternating-current output circuit, an MCU control chip and a voltage change-over circuit.
A rectifier circuit: the input ac power is half-wave rectified as shown in fig. 2.
The voltage reduction filter circuit comprises: the ac current flowing through the rectifier is subjected to a voltage reduction filtering process to obtain a low voltage dc current, as shown in fig. 3.
The voltage acquisition circuit: and collecting voltage data.
Low-voltage direct current supply circuit: the voltage acquisition circuit, the MCU control chip and the voltage switching circuit are provided with power supplies, and reference can be made to fig. 4.
High-voltage alternating current output circuit: and outputting the voltage to the equipment for use.
MCU control chip: the collected data are judged, so that the voltage range of the circuit is judged more effectively.
A voltage switching circuit: the switching device uses a corresponding voltage interface, see fig. 5.
A voltage comparison circuit: and comparing and judging the input voltage, and comparing and judging the acquired data so as to control the voltage switching circuit.
In the application, the low voltage refers to 3V-12V voltage, and the high voltage refers to 90V-380V voltage.
As shown in fig. 1, after the input of the local power supply system is processed by the rectifying circuit of the present invention, the negative half-wave of the alternating current is removed to obtain the positive half-wave alternating current, the 220V/110V half-wave alternating current is converted into a constant direct current power supply by the voltage reduction filter circuit, and further the constant direct current power supply is used as a direct current 5V power source of the low voltage circuit by the low voltage direct current power supply circuit.
Because the power of power supply system input is through same rectifier circuit and step-down filter circuit, different input voltage can be reduced to different direct currents by step-down circuit scale to utilize voltage comparison circuit, know which alternating current that this equipment input's power supply system belongs to, through control voltage switching circuit at last, change the current input port of equipment, make this equipment be applicable to present alternating current.
Furthermore, voltage acquisition can be carried out through the voltage acquisition circuit, and the voltage comparison circuit compares the acquired voltage with the reference voltage, so that the accurate output of the voltage comparison circuit is ensured.
Different power supply systems and different circuit systems of the equipment are matched, referring to fig. 6, the power supply systems are judged and processed through the circuits, and the voltage switching circuit is adapted to the current power supply system by changing the connection mode of the equipment circuit through the relay.
As shown in fig. 2, 220V/50HZ mains power is input to the input terminal J1, the polarity of 50HZ sine wave negative half-waves is converted through the DB1 bridge rectifier bridge according to the single-phase conduction characteristic of the diode, so that 100HZ single-phase pulsating direct current is obtained, and then a direct current with relatively small fluctuation is obtained through three filter capacitors, namely, a filter capacitor E4, a filter capacitor E5 and a filter capacitor E6, and the voltage is 310V.
As shown in fig. 3, the dc power VDC obtained in fig. 2 passes through the voltage regulating circuit composed of the transformer TI and the low power switching power supply U3 in fig. 3, and through the fixed switching frequency of 60HZ, the dc power VDC is converted into the 15V dc power, and then the dc voltage stabilizing chip U2 is used to obtain the 5V dc power, and the power signal passes through the capacitor C43 and the capacitor C93, and finally the 5V dc voltage Ub which is relatively stable and does not fluctuate greatly is obtained, and is used as the power supply of the voltage comparing circuit and the voltage collecting circuit.
As shown in fig. 4, when 220V/50HZ mains supply (Uc) is input to the input terminal J1, the filtered dc power supply VDC1 is 310V (VDC1 ═ Uc ═ root 2), and a dc voltage of 2.38V (U + ═ VDC1 ═ R6/(R6+ R3)) is obtained after voltage division, and according to the voltage fluctuation range of the mains supply, a voltage detection value of 2.38 ± 0.15V (U + ═ U + (1 ± 7%)) is finally obtained and input to the positive electrode of the comparator in the voltage comparison circuit, while the negative electrode of the comparator is composed of R7 and R11, and a voltage value of 2V (U- ═ Ub ═ is obtained (R10/(R10+ R15))) and the positive electrode is always larger than the negative electrode, and the comparator outputs a voltage of 5V to the port CON.
As shown in fig. 5, when the transistor Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is pulled in, the lines 3-5 are conducted, the lines 4-7 are conducted, the input power Lin-Lout is conducted, the Nin-Nout is conducted, and the motor normally operates at a voltage of 220V.
When the input voltage is 110V/60hz (Ud), a 155V direct-current voltage (VDC2 ═ Ud × root 2) is obtained through the rectifying circuit, a 1.19V voltage (U + ═ VDC2 ═ R6/(R6+ R3))) is obtained through voltage division, the negative electrode voltage of the input voltage of the comparator is greater than the positive electrode voltage, the output of the CON port of the comparator is 0V, the transistor Q3 in fig. 5 is not conducted, the relay is in a release state, the lines 3-6 are conducted, the lines 4-8 are conducted, and the motor works at 110 voltage.
As shown in fig. 6, the motor has different connection modes for different voltage values, one connection mode is used for the 220V power supply, and the other connection mode is used for the 110V power supply.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A dual-voltage switch is characterized in that,
the low-voltage direct current power supply circuit comprises a rectifying circuit, a voltage reduction filter circuit, a low-voltage direct current power supply circuit, a voltage comparison circuit and a voltage switching circuit;
a rectifier circuit: the half-wave rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectifier bridge DB1 and a filter capacitor, and is used for performing half-wave rectification on input alternating current;
the voltage reduction filter circuit comprises: carrying out voltage reduction and filtering treatment on the alternating current which flows through the rectifier to obtain low-voltage direct current which comprises a plurality of capacitors;
low-voltage direct current supply circuit: providing power supply for the voltage comparison circuit and the voltage switching circuit, wherein the output voltage is Ua;
a voltage comparison circuit: the comparator is arranged for comparing and judging the input voltage so as to control the voltage switching circuit;
the positive electrode of the comparator is electrically connected with the rectifying circuit through the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit;
the negative electrode of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage reduction filter circuit through the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit;
the CON port of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
the triode Q3 is electrically connected with the CON port and can send an electric signal to the relay;
when the anode voltage of the comparator is larger than the cathode voltage of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs a Ua voltage;
when the anode voltage of the comparator is smaller than the cathode voltage of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs 0V voltage;
a voltage switching circuit: the device comprises a triode Q3 and a relay, and can be connected with a corresponding voltage interface of the equipment according to the output result of a CON port.
2. A dual voltage diverter switch as recited in claim 1,
the bridge rectifier bridge DB1 converts the polarity of sine wave negative half waves by using the single-phase conduction characteristic of a diode to obtain single-phase pulsating direct current.
3. A dual voltage diverter switch as recited in claim 2,
the number of the filter capacitors is three, and the filter capacitors are used for converting single-phase pulsating direct current into stable direct current.
4. A dual voltage diverter switch as recited in claim 1,
the voltage reduction filter circuit comprises a transformer TI, a power switch power supply U3, a direct-current voltage stabilization chip U2, a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C93;
the transformer TI and the power switch power supply U3 form a voltage regulating circuit;
the direct current VDC output by the rectifying circuit passes through a voltage regulating circuit, is subjected to power conversion through a fixed switching frequency of 60HZ to obtain a 15V direct current power supply, then passes through a direct current voltage stabilizing chip U2 to obtain a 5V direct current power supply, and a power supply signal passes through a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C93 to obtain a 5V direct current voltage serving as a power supply of the voltage comparison circuit.
5. A dual voltage diverter switch as recited in claim 1,
the low-voltage direct-current power supply circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R11;
the resistor R3 and the resistor R6 are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the comparator and used for dividing the input voltage of the anode;
the resistor R7 and the resistor R11 are respectively electrically connected with the negative electrode of the comparator and are used for dividing the input voltage of the negative electrode;
the relay is connected with different line pressure interfaces of the equipment through a wiring terminal three and a wiring terminal four;
when the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is in a pull-in state, and the terminal III and the terminal IV are respectively connected with the 220V input interface of the equipment;
when the transistor Q3 is in a non-conducting state, the relay is in a release state, and the terminal three and the terminal four are respectively connected with the 110V input interface of the device.
6. A dual voltage diverter switch according to any one of claims 1-5,
the device also comprises an MCU control chip, a voltage acquisition circuit and a high-voltage alternating current output circuit;
the MCU control chip is used for judging the acquired data so as to more effectively judge the circuit voltage range;
the voltage acquisition circuit is used for acquiring voltage data;
and the high-voltage alternating current output circuit is used for outputting voltage to equipment.
7. An apparatus using a dual voltage transfer switch,
comprising a 110V input interface, a 220V input interface, a dual voltage diverter switch according to any one of claims 1-6;
one of the 110V input interface or the 220V input interface is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
a comparator is arranged on the voltage comparison circuit, and a CON port of the comparator is electrically connected with the voltage switching circuit;
the voltage switching circuit comprises a triode Q3 and a relay;
when the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is greater than the voltage of the negative electrode of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs the Ua voltage, and when the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is in a pull-in state, so that the 220V input interface of the equipment is connected with a 220V input power supply;
when the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is smaller than the voltage of the negative electrode of the comparator, the CON port of the voltage comparator outputs 0V voltage, the triode Q3 is in a non-conducting state, and the relay is in a releasing state at the moment, so that the 110V input interface of the equipment is connected to a 110V input power supply;
the device is an electromechanical device or a household appliance or an electronic product.
8. An apparatus using a dual voltage switch as claimed in claim 7,
the electromechanical equipment comprises a motor, wherein a 220V input interface of the motor is provided with a fifth wire end and a seventh wire end, and a 110V input interface of the motor is provided with a sixth wire end and an eighth wire end;
the relay is provided with a wiring end III and a wiring end IV;
when the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is in a pull-in state, the terminal III and the terminal IV are respectively abutted against the terminal V and the terminal VII, the 220V input power supply is conducted with the motor wiring, and the motor works under 220V voltage;
when the triode Q3 is in a non-conducting state, the relay is in a releasing state, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively abutted against the sixth terminal and the eighth terminal, the 110V input power supply is conducted with the motor wiring, and the motor works under the 110V voltage.
9. A control method of a double-voltage change-over switch is characterized in that,
use of a dual voltage diverter switch according to any of claims 1-6;
it comprises the following contents:
firstly, when 220V/50HZ commercial power is input from an input end J1, the polarity of 50HZ sine wave negative half-wave is converted through a DB1 bridge rectifier bridge to obtain 100HZ single-phase pulsating direct current, and then a stable direct current is obtained through three filter capacitors, namely a filter capacitor E4, a filter capacitor E5 and a filter capacitor E6, wherein the voltage is 310V;
secondly, the 310V direct-current power VDC obtained in the first step passes through a voltage regulating circuit consisting of a transformer TI and a power switch power supply U3, a 15V direct-current power supply is obtained through power conversion by a fixed switching frequency of 60HZ, a 5V direct-current power supply is obtained through a direct-current voltage stabilizing chip U2, and a power supply signal passes through a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C93 to finally obtain a 5V direct-current voltage Ub which is used as a power supply of a voltage comparison circuit;
thirdly, performing resistance voltage division on the 310V direct-current power VDC obtained by filtering in the first step to obtain 2.38V direct-current voltage, and inputting the obtained voltage detection value of 2.38 +/-0.15V into the anode of a comparator in a voltage comparison circuit according to the voltage fluctuation range of the commercial power;
performing resistance voltage division on the 5V direct-current power supply obtained in the second step, and inputting 2V direct-current voltage obtained after voltage division into a negative electrode of a comparator in a voltage comparison circuit;
at the moment, the voltage of the positive electrode of the comparator is greater than the voltage of the negative electrode, and the comparator outputs 5V voltage to a CON port;
fourthly, when 5V voltage is input into the port of the triode Q3, the triode Q3 is in a conducting state, the relay is attracted at the moment, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively in contact with the fifth terminal and the seventh terminal, so that a 220V input power supply is conducted with the connection wire of the motor, and the motor works under 220V voltage;
when the input voltage is 110V/60Hz, the control steps are similar to the steps one to four described above:
155V direct current voltage is obtained through the rectifying circuit, 1.19V voltage is obtained through voltage division, the negative voltage of the input voltage of the comparator is larger than the positive voltage, the output of a CON port of the comparator is 0V, the Q3 triode is not conducted, the relay is in a release state, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are respectively inconsistent with the sixth terminal and the eighth terminal, so that a 110V input power supply is connected with a motor wire, and the motor works under the 110V voltage.
10. The method for controlling a dual voltage change-over switch according to claim 9,
the positive electrode partial pressure calculation formula of the comparator is as follows:
U+＝VDC1*R6/(R6+R3)
VDC1 is direct-current voltage passing through a rectifying circuit, and R6 and R3 are voltage-dividing resistors on a positive electrode circuit of a comparator;
VDC1＝Uc*2^(1/2)
wherein, Uc is the input commercial power voltage;
the negative electrode partial pressure calculation formula of the comparator is as follows:
U-＝Ub*R10/(R10+R15)
ub is direct current voltage passing through the voltage reduction filter circuit;
r10 and R15 are voltage-dividing resistors on the negative electrode circuit of the comparator.
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| CN202110734103.0A CN113595411A (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Double-voltage change-over switch, equipment applying double-voltage change-over switch and control method |
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20211102 |