CN113589470B - Low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable swing mirror mechanism and working method thereof - Google Patents
Low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable swing mirror mechanism and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113589470B CN113589470B CN202110917507.3A CN202110917507A CN113589470B CN 113589470 B CN113589470 B CN 113589470B CN 202110917507 A CN202110917507 A CN 202110917507A CN 113589470 B CN113589470 B CN 113589470B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/1821—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors for rotating or oscillating mirrors
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Abstract
A controllable low-frequency image-stabilizing swing mirror mechanism is installed on a frame of an astronomical optical telescope and comprises a reflection swing mirror, a group of driving motors with guide rails, a flexible hinge, a spring assembly, a swing mirror fixing mirror frame, an adjusting frame, a mounting frame and the like, wherein the reflection swing mirror is part of an optical rotary refraction optical system. The invention not only enables the plane reflector to be controlled by a computer, but also automatically adjusts the reflector to the correct position of the imaging light path, thus avoiding the process of manual adjustment and assembly; the movement of the motor can be controlled to realize the swinging of the reflecting mirror at a certain frequency, so that the influences of terminal instrument imaging jitter and the like caused by atmospheric disturbance, wind load and the like can be eliminated, and a better imaging effect can be realized through the compensation of dynamic errors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical design and manufacture, relates to the technical fields of aerospace, astronomical instruments, optical detection and the like, and particularly relates to a mirror surface adjusting and low-frequency mirror swinging mechanism of an astronomical optical telescope. The invention is equally applicable to working methods involving such devices.
Background
Astronomy is highly dependent on the observation by telescopes, of which optical astronomical telescopes are one of the important means. In an optical astronomical telescope, requirements for the position and angle of a mirror surface are extremely high, and therefore, in adjusting the telescope, it is necessary to ensure that the position angle, the distance between the mirrors, and the like meet the requirements of optical design. The telescope is a complex project, and in addition to the machining errors of all parts, the telescope well meets the design requirements, and secondly, the telescope also provides high requirements for assembly workers. The patent can realize automatic position adjustment, and reduce the workload during installation and adjustment. Secondly, the image formed by the telescope can shake and be unclear due to the influence caused by disturbance of the atmosphere, low-frequency vibration of the wind-load frame and the like. The oscillating mirror with the same frequency as atmospheric disturbance can reduce the influence to a great extent and realize better image quality. In the optical image stabilization technology, a method is adopted to perform corresponding position and angle compensation by using a compensation mirror according to the direction and the amplitude of the shake of an image, so that the image is kept stable. Although the low-frequency oscillating mirror cannot eliminate the influence to a large extent, it can also provide higher imaging quality. Therefore, the development of the controllable image-stabilizing tilting mirror mechanism of the astronomical optical telescope has important significance for the design and imaging of the astronomical telescope.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable swing mirror mechanism which is arranged on a telescope frame and is a component of a telescope optical system. The purpose is that automatic position adjustment and two-dimensional swing of a reflector with low frequency can be realized so as to achieve the effect of clearer imaging.
The invention realizes the process by the following technical method.
The invention provides a low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable mirror swinging mechanism which comprises a mounting base, a mounting box body, two sets of driving motors with guide rails, a mirror frame adjusting frame, long and short flexible hinges, two sets of spring tension components, a mirror frame, a reflector, a mounting block and other parts.
When the parts are assembled, flexible materials such as a sealing ring and the like can be installed, and when the parts are installed on a rack of a solar telescope, the interior of the telescope can be vacuumized, so that the heat concentration influence of the solar heat on optical glass can be reduced. The invention has the beneficial effects that the imaging shaking phenomenon caused by the vibration of the frame of the telescope due to the overlarge wind load at the edge of the 1 m vacuum solar telescope in the 1 m pacific lake on the Yunnan astronomical platform can be solved.
One of the characteristics of the invention is as follows: when the low-frequency image stabilization controllable mirror swinging mechanism is assembled, the requirements on the position and the installation angle of the reflecting mirror are extremely low, manual repeated installation and adjustment are not needed, and the workload can be greatly reduced. Moreover, the feeding of the computer software control motor is more stable than manual work of people, and the adjusting precision is higher;
the invention has the second characteristic: the motion units of the commonly used swing mirror are a piezoelectric ceramic driver, a voice coil motor driver and the like, and the current related drivers have high frequency but small moment; in order to realize larger torque, the driving motor adopted by the low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable oscillating mirror mechanism is a stepping motor or a servo motor provided with a guide rail, and the low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable oscillating mirror mechanism has the advantages that the torque is large and the gravity of a large reflector can be borne; the disadvantage is that the frequency is low, so the current means is to realize the image stabilizing swing mirror only with low frequency. When the piezoelectric ceramic driver and other technologies are improved, a motor is replaced by the driver when larger driving force can be realized, so that the medium-frequency and high-frequency image stabilizing oscillating mirror can be realized, and image jitter with higher frequency and lower amplitude caused by turbulent atmosphere can be completely eliminated; the image jitter introduced by a telescope servo system can be dealt with;
the invention has the third characteristic: the low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable swing mirror mechanism disclosed by the patent is simple in parts, adopts metal and microcrystalline optical glass which are commonly used as materials, can be almost designed and improved on all current optical telescopes, and has strong universality; actuators with higher torque are expected to be widely used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly drawing of a low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable oscillating mirror mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable oscillating mirror mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable oscillating mirror mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a short flexible hinge of the low frequency image stabilizing controllable oscillating mirror mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. mounting a base; 2. installing a box body; 3. a transition connecting plate; 4. a long flexible hinge; 5. a motor connecting block; 6. a drive motor; 7. a motor bracket; 8. mounting a plate; 9. a short flexible hinge; 10. a spring chamber; 11. a spring; 12. a spring support shaft; 13. an adjusting frame; 14. a mirror frame; 15. a plane mirror; 16. mounting a block; 17. a spring assembly.
Detailed Description
The implementation method of the patent is given below by combining with the accompanying drawings to explain the technical scheme in detail;
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the mounting base 1 is a hollow cuboid, four edges of the cuboid have a certain width, and a space of the hollow part of the mounting base 1 is used for accommodating the mirror frame 14 and the plane reflector 15; the edge of the mounting base 1 is fixedly connected with a mounting box body 2 and an adjusting frame 13 respectively from outside to inside through screws, the mounting box body 2 and the adjusting frame 13 are cuboids and have only five surfaces without lower bottom surfaces, and the upper bottom surface of the adjusting frame 13 is of a cross-shaped structure (as shown in fig. 2).
The mounting box body 2 is connected with a motor bracket 7 through a transition connecting plate 3; the driving motor 6 is fixed on the motor bracket 7. The driving motor 6 is a motor with a guide rail and a lead screw nut, converts the rotary motion of the motor into linear motion, is equivalent to a set of driving motor and a combination of a guide rail sliding block and the lead screw nut, and greatly reduces the workload of installation and adjustment. The driving motor 6 and the long flexible hinge 4 are connected into a whole through a motor connecting block 5.
The mounting box body 2 and the adjusting frame 13 are respectively provided with corresponding round holes for the long flexible hinge 4 to pass through, and finally the long flexible hinge 4 is directly connected with the spectacle frame 14 through screw threads. Two sets of driving motors 6 are provided, and the components and the connection mode are the same. In this mechanism, two identical sets of drive motors are required to effect movement in both directions.
The spring assembly 17 is composed of a spring chamber 10, a spring 11, a spring supporting shaft 12, corresponding nuts and washers and the like, and the spring chamber 10 is fixedly arranged on the adjusting frame 13; a spring 11 and a spring supporting shaft 12 are arranged in the spring chamber 10, the lower end of the spring supporting shaft 12 is fixedly connected with the mirror frame 14 through threads, and a round hole is formed in the adjusting frame 13 and used for the upper end of the spring supporting shaft 12 to penetrate out; the spring 11 is sleeved outside the spring support shaft 12, and the top end of the spring support shaft 12 is provided with a nut.
The spring assemblies 17 are in two sets and the components and connection modes are the same.
A short flexible hinge 9 connected with the adjusting frame 13 into a whole through a fixing plate 8; is mounted at the intermediate position between the adjusting frame 13 and the frame 14, and the short flexible hinge 9 and the frame 14 are connected together by screws.
As shown in fig. 2, the short flexible hinges 9 are installed at the central position of the "cross" shape of the upper bottom surface of the adjusting frame 13, and the other two sets of driving motors 6 and the other two sets of spring assemblies 17 are respectively located at the four corners of the "cross" shape of the upper bottom surface of the adjusting frame 13. Namely, the two sets of driving motors 6 and the spring assemblies 17 are distributed circumferentially, and the angles of the driving motors and the spring assemblies are different by 90 degrees, which can be seen from fig. 2;
the amount of compression movement of the spring is larger than the amplitude of the movement of the swing mirror, and two springs are distributed at 90 degrees, so that the spring force is larger than 1/4 of the weight of the swing mirror and the mirror chamber;
the flexible hinge has larger bearing capacity, the stress borne by the flexible hinge is within the yield strength of the material under the change of the oscillating mirror with the highest amplitude, and the common material of the flexible hinge is titanium alloy, so that the flexible hinge has small density and high strength.
The reflector 15 is fixed to the frame 14 by means of a mounting block 16.
There is a certain distance space between the frame 14 and the adjusting frame 13, and between the adjusting frame 13 and the mounting case 2.
The spring assembly 17 has a spring tension at least greater than 1/4 of the weight of the mirror and frame so as to provide a corresponding support force. Here, the adjustment distance of the spring is not too large, and in general, the position adjustment distance of the mirror is small, so that a margin of several millimeters is left. The short flexible hinge 9 can, in addition to providing a corresponding supporting force, also effect a twisting during movement.
The flexible hinge can realize torsion at any angle, has good bearing capacity, simple installation method and convenient installation and disassembly. In addition, when assembling, can install flexible material such as sealing washer between each part, can guarantee that the assembly body is in with the external world and separates completely, alright in order to realize being arranged in solar telescope evacuation environment in the time, perhaps have advantage such as dustproof in the night astronomical telescope.
The assembly or fixing mode of the parts of the invention is that screws or the threads of the parts are locked.
The low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable swing mirror mechanism suitable for the astronomical telescope has two working modes:
firstly, the position of the mirror surface is adjusted, the manual assembly and adjustment provides high requirements for assembly, and the reflector can reach the mirror surface position with optical requirements by automatic control with higher precision;
the adjusting method mainly depends on the imaging of the telescope, and the position of the imaging point of the telescope and the position on the CCD are fed back to the driving motor, and the micro-adjustment of the motor can change the position of the reflector, so that the imaging position is centered and the shape is the best, and the original point position of the reflector after assembly is obtained.
The motor with the guide rail is provided with the position sensor, so that the running distance can be detected, and the precise position sensor does not need to be installed. The terminal imaging of the light path is the detection basis, and the image is formed on a collimating telescope or a CCD of a terminal instrument, so that the final imaging of the telescope can be clearly seen. And the position and definition of the image are used as the feedback of the motor motion. Thus, a closed loop of control is formed.
The flexible hinge and the spring are flexible parts, the flexible hinge can realize torsion at any angle, the bearing capacity is good, and after the spring is compressed, the spring has compressive force and can also bear part of gravity of the mirror frame and the plane mirror. And flexible substances such as sealing rings and the like can be arranged among all parts during assembly. The flexible adjustment of the position of the mirror surface is convenient.
And secondly, the working state of the oscillating mirror is realized by controlling the motion of the motor through the computer, so that the oscillating mirror can swing at a certain frequency. At the moment, imaging instability such as frame vibration caused by atmospheric disturbance or wind load can be eliminated to a certain degree.
When the swing mirror function is used, signals are respectively sent to the two driving motors, so that the driving motors can reciprocate in a range with small amplitude (for example, +/-0.5 mm), and the driving motors are provided with position sensors to detect the moving distance, so that the whole reflecting mirror is driven to swing at a low frequency.
The low-frequency swing mirror can eliminate the phenomenon of imaging shaking caused by atmospheric disturbance or disturbance in the air to a great extent, and can improve the image quality of the telescope to a great extent by matching with a self-adaptive optical system for telescope terminal imaging, thereby greatly utilizing the function of the telescope.
The invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and all simple modifications based on the claims are within the intended scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A controllable pendulum mirror mechanism of stable image of low frequency, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises a mounting base (1), a mounting box body (2), a driving motor (6), an adjusting frame (13), a mirror frame (14) and a plane reflector (15); the mounting base (1) is a hollow cuboid, four edges of the cuboid have certain width, and the space of the hollow part of the mounting base (1) is used for accommodating the mirror frame (14) and the plane reflector (15); the edge of the mounting base (1) is fixedly connected with a mounting box body (2) and an adjusting frame (13) from outside to inside through screws respectively, the mounting box body (2) and the adjusting frame (13) are cuboids and have only five surfaces without lower bottom surfaces, and the upper bottom surface of the adjusting frame (13) is of a cross-shaped structure;
the mounting box body (2) is connected with a motor bracket (7) through a transition connecting plate (3); the driving motor (6) is fixed on the motor bracket (7); the driving motor (6) and the long flexible hinge (4) are connected into a whole through a motor connecting block (5);
corresponding round holes are formed in the mounting box body (2) and the adjusting frame (13) and used for the long flexible hinge (4) to pass through, and finally the long flexible hinge (4) is in threaded connection with the mirror frame (14); two sets of driving motors (6) are provided, and the components and the connection mode are the same; in the mechanism, two sets of same driving motors are needed, and the driving motor (6) is a motor with a guide rail and a lead screw nut, and converts the rotary motion of the motor into linear motion;
the spring assembly (17) consists of a spring chamber (10), a spring (11), a spring supporting shaft (12) and corresponding nuts and washers, and the spring chamber (10) is fixedly arranged on the adjusting frame (13); a spring (11) and a spring supporting shaft (12) are arranged in the spring chamber (10), the lower end of the spring supporting shaft (12) is fixedly connected with the mirror frame (14) through threads, and a round hole is formed in the adjusting frame (13) and is used for the upper end of the spring supporting shaft (12) to penetrate out; the spring (11) is sleeved outside the spring support shaft (12), and the top end of the spring support shaft (12) is provided with a nut;
the number of the spring assemblies (17) is two, and the components and the connection mode are the same;
the short flexible hinge (9) is connected with the adjusting frame (13) into a whole through the fixing plate (8); the short flexible hinge (9) is arranged in the middle of the adjusting frame (13) and the frame (14) and is connected with the frame (14) through a screw;
the short flexible hinge (9) is arranged at the central position of the cross shape of the upper bottom surface of the adjusting frame (13), the other two sets of driving motors (6) and the two sets of spring assemblies (17) are respectively positioned at four corners of the cross shape of the upper bottom surface of the adjusting frame (13), wherein the two sets of driving motors (6) are positioned at two adjacent corners;
the plane reflector (15) is fixed on the mirror frame (14) through a mounting block (16).
2. The controllable oscillating mirror mechanism for low-frequency image stabilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: certain distance spaces are reserved between the mirror frame (14) and the adjusting frame (13) and between the adjusting frame (13) and the mounting box body (2).
3. The working method of the low-frequency image stabilization controllable oscillating mirror mechanism of claim 1 comprises the following two working modes:
firstly, the position of the mirror surface is adjusted, imaging of a telescope is relied on, a signal is fed back to a driving motor through the shape of an imaging point of the telescope and the position on a CCD, the position of the reflector can be changed through micro-adjustment of the motor, the formed imaging position is centered, the shape is the best, and therefore the original point position of the reflector after assembly is obtained;
the motor with the guide rail is provided with a position sensor, so that the running distance can be detected, and a precise position sensor is not required to be installed; the terminal imaging of the light path is a detection basis and is imaged on a collimating telescope or a CCD of a terminal instrument, so that the final imaging of the telescope can be clearly seen; the position and the definition of the image are used as the feedback of the motor motion; thus, a closed loop of control is formed;
the second is the working state of the oscillating mirror, the movement of the motor is controlled by the computer, the oscillating of the reflector with certain frequency can be realized, and therefore, the working state of the oscillating mirror is realized; when the swing mirror function is used, signals are respectively sent to the two driving motors, so that the driving motors do reciprocating motion within a range of very small amplitude +/-0.5 mm, the driving motors are provided with position sensors, the moving distance can be detected, and the whole reflecting mirror is driven to swing at a low frequency; the low-frequency oscillating mirror can eliminate imaging shaking caused by disturbance in the atmosphere or air.
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| CN202110917507.3A CN113589470B (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2021-08-11 | Low-frequency image-stabilizing controllable swing mirror mechanism and working method thereof |
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| CN113589470B true CN113589470B (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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