CN113588714A - Composite insulator defect detection method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite insulator defect detection method, which comprises the following steps: t1: acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator string by using an infrared instrument; t2: reading the maximum temperature value of each composite insulator in the composite insulator string through an infrared graph
Wherein i belongs to (1, n), and n is the number of composite insulators in the composite insulator string; t3: maximum temperature for each composite insulator
Calculating corresponding curved surface integral Ki；
Wherein S is the area of the side surface of the shed sheath of the single composite insulator; t4: finding every two phasesDifference value delta T of corresponding curved surface integral of adjacent composite insulatori；ΔTi＝Ki+1‑Ki(ii) a T5: according to all DeltaTiAbsolute value of and/or all deltasiWhether the composite insulator string has defects or not is judged. The invention integrates the infrared detected temperature along the side surface of the composite insulator by utilizing the curved surface integration technology, and the integration result of the deteriorated composite insulator is greatly increased compared with the integration result of a normal insulator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to defect detection, in particular to a composite insulator defect detection method.
Background
The composite insulator consists of a core rod, an umbrella skirt sheath and a connecting hardware fitting. The core rod is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and used for providing mechanical performance of the insulator, the sheath is connected to the surface of the core rod through the adhesive to protect the core rod, and the connecting hardware fittings are located at two ends of the composite insulator and used for connecting the composite insulator with the tower hardware fittings.
The insulator plays two basic roles of supporting a wire and preventing current from flowing back to the ground in an overhead transmission line. Once the insulator fails due to various electromechanical stresses caused by changes in environmental and electrical loading conditions, the service and operational life of the entire line is compromised. The composite insulator works and operates under a complex environment condition, and the long-term electromechanical combination action easily causes the situation that the insulation performance and the mechanical performance of the insulator are degraded and reduced, thereby forming a defective insulator. The insulator is easy to flashover in wet or rain and snow weather, and the safety and stability of the power grid are adversely affected.
In recent years, with the progress of infrared thermal imaging technology and the use of portable thermal imagers, fault diagnosis technology based on infrared temperature measurement is more and more widely applied to the identification of degraded insulators of power transmission lines, but generally, the degraded composite insulators are not obvious in heating, the positions of defect points are difficult to quickly and effectively find by using the traditional infrared detection technology, and certain detection blind areas exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the condition that the temperature rise of the composite insulator with the defects is not obvious during operation, the invention provides a composite insulator defect detection method, which enables an infrared detection result to be more visual and effectively show the positions of defect points and is realized by the following steps:
t1: acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator string by using an infrared instrument;
t2: read the temperature distribution of every composite insulator in the composite insulator string through the infrared map, but because the temperature distribution of every composite insulator is complicated, the temperature distribution function is difficult to the fitting, and the field treatment is very difficult, for making this patent application more have the practicality, chooses the temperature maximum value of every composite insulator
As a temperature distribution function, the data can more effectively find out the defective composite insulator with the maximum temperature rise; wherein i belongs to (1, n), and n is the number of composite insulators in the composite insulator string;
t3: maximum temperature for each composite insulator
Calculating corresponding curved surface integral Ki；
Due to the fact that
Is constant, so the expression can be expressed as
Wherein x is a horizontal axis corresponding to the second-type curved surface integral of the composite insulator, and y is a longitudinal axis corresponding to the second-type curved surface integral of the composite insulator; s is the area of the side surface of the shed sheath of the single composite insulator;
t4: calculating the difference value delta T of the curved surface integrals corresponding to every two adjacent composite insulatorsi；ΔTi＝Ki+1-Ki；
T5: according to all DeltaTiAbsolute value of and/or all deltasiWhether the composite insulator string has defects is judged, andand positioning the position of the composite insulator with the defect.
According to the invention, the curved surface integration technology is utilized to integrate the infrared detected temperature along the side surface of the composite insulator, the integration result of the degraded composite insulator is greatly increased compared with the integration result of the normal insulator, the position of a defect point can be more visually and effectively displayed, the purpose of eliminating the defect in time is achieved, and the safe and reliable operation of a power grid is ensured.
The shed sheath of each composite insulator comprises a plurality of umbrella-shaped structures, and in the step T3, when the area S of the side surface of a single composite insulator is calculated, the simplified calculation is carried out on the side surface of the shed sheath under the condition that the judgment result is not influenced; the simplified mode is as follows: and (3) performing curved surface connection on the end parts of the adjacent umbrella-shaped structures to obtain a structure similar to a circular truncated cone or a cylinder or a structure combined by a plurality of circular truncated cones and/or cylinders, wherein the area of the side surface of a single composite insulator is simplified into the calculation of the side area of the circular truncated cone and/or the cylinder.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: in step T5, the method for determining whether there is a defect in the composite insulator string is: all delta TiIs compared with a preset threshold value, if there is a delta T larger than the preset threshold valueiIf so, the composite insulator string has defects; otherwise no defect is present.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: in step T5, the method for locating the position of the defective composite insulator is as follows: if Δ TiIs positive and greater than a predetermined threshold value, while Δ Ti+mIs negative, and Δ Ti+mIf the absolute value of the (i + m) is larger than the preset threshold value, the (i + 1) th to (i + m) th composite insulators are considered to have defects, wherein (i + m) belongs to (1, n); if i is 0, the 1 st composite insulator has a defect.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: the preset threshold value obtaining method comprises the following steps: testing the difference value delta T of integrals corresponding to the maximum temperature values of two adjacent normal composite insulators in different environmentsjAccording to a plurality of Δ TjObtaining a coefficient a, and testing the integral corresponding to the maximum temperature value of two adjacent normal composite insulators in the environment to be testedAnd setting a.Delta T as a preset threshold value to ensure that the defect insulator can be detected by using the threshold value, but the normal insulator is not judged as the defect insulator by mistake.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: the value of the coefficient a is 1.05, and the value range of the preset threshold is as follows: 500-1000cm2·℃。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the thermal image distribution rule of the normal composite insulator string corresponds to the voltage distribution rule, namely the thermal image distribution rule is in an asymmetric saddle shape; when the composite insulator has defects or is degraded, thermal image distribution of the composite insulator is changed, but the thermal image distribution of most composite insulators is not obviously changed, so that the defects are difficult to find in time by using a conventional infrared temperature measurement method. Because the change of thermal image distribution has a close relation with the defect position, and the temperature rise caused by the defect has a certain area, the invention can conveniently and effectively find out the point position of the temperature rise by performing surface integral on the temperature, thereby finding out the defect position.
2. The invention simplifies and calculates the side surface of the umbrella skirt sheath: the end parts of the adjacent umbrella-shaped structures are connected in a curved surface mode to obtain a structure similar to a circular truncated cone or a cylinder or a structure combined by a plurality of circular truncated cones and/or cylinders, the area of the side surface of a single composite insulator is simplified into the calculation of the side area of the circular truncated cones and/or the cylinders, the calculation is simplified within a reasonable range, and the judgment result is not influenced.
3. The invention tests the difference value Delta T of the integral corresponding to the maximum temperature value of two adjacent normal composite insulators in different environmentsjAccording to a plurality of Δ TjAnd obtaining a coefficient a, testing the difference value delta T of integrals corresponding to the maximum temperature values of two adjacent normal composite insulators in the environment to be tested, and setting a delta T as a preset threshold value to ensure that the defective insulator can be detected by using the threshold value, but the normal insulator is not wrongly judged as the defective insulator.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates three different embodiments of shed sheaths;
FIG. 2 is a simplified side area calculation diagram corresponding to three different shed sheaths of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an infrared diagram of a 220 kV line composite insulator string in an example;
FIG. 4 shows the integral K of the composite insulator corresponding to FIG. 3iA distribution diagram;
FIG. 5 is an infrared diagram of another 220 kV line composite insulator string in an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is an integral K of the composite insulator corresponding to FIG. 5iA distribution diagram;
FIG. 7 is an infrared plot of a third 220 kV line composite insulator string in an example;
FIG. 8 is an integral K of the composite insulator corresponding to FIG. 7iAnd (5) distribution diagram.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps of the above facts and methods can be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, and the related program or the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes the following steps: corresponding method steps are introduced here, and the storage medium may be a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.
Example (b):
in this embodiment, a method for detecting defects of a composite insulator includes the following steps:
t1: acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator string by using an infrared instrument;
t2: read the temperature distribution of every composite insulator in the composite insulator string through the infrared map, but because the temperature distribution of every composite insulator is complicated, the temperature distribution function is difficult to the fitting, and the field treatment is very difficult, for making this patent application more have the practicality, chooses the temperature maximum value of every composite insulator
As a temperature distribution function, the data can more effectively find out the defective composite insulator with the maximum temperature rise; wherein i belongs to (1, n), and n is the number of composite insulators in the composite insulator string;
t3: maximum temperature for each composite insulator
Calculating corresponding curved surface integral Ki；
Due to the fact that
Is constant, so the expression can be expressed as
Wherein x is a horizontal axis corresponding to the second-type curved surface integral of the composite insulator, and y is a longitudinal axis corresponding to the second-type curved surface integral of the composite insulator; s is the area of the side surface of the shed sheath of the single composite insulator;
t4: calculating the difference value delta T of the curved surface integrals corresponding to every two adjacent composite insulatorsi；ΔTi＝Ki+1-Ki；
T5: according to allΔTiAbsolute value of and/or all deltasiWhether the composite insulator string has defects or not is judged, and the position of the composite insulator with the defects is positioned.
As shown in fig. 1, the shed sheath of each composite insulator includes a plurality of sheds, three different sheds are shown in fig. 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, respectively, three sheds in fig. 1-1 are large-medium-small, three sheds in fig. 1-2 are of an equal-diameter shed type, and three sheds in fig. 1-1 are large-small-medium. As a preferred technical solution of the invention patent, when calculating the area S of the side surface of a single composite insulator, the side surface of the shed sheath is simply calculated without affecting the determination result, as shown in fig. 2, the end portions of adjacent umbrella-shaped structures are connected by a curved surface, fig. 2-1 obtains an approximate circular truncated cone corresponding to fig. 1-1, fig. 2-2 obtains a cylinder corresponding to fig. 1-2, fig. 2-3 obtains a structure in which two circular truncated cones are combined corresponding to fig. 1-3, and the area of the side surface of the single composite insulator is simply calculated as the side area of the circular truncated cone and/or the cylinder.
As a preferred technical solution of the invention patent, in step T5, the method for determining whether there is a defect in the composite insulator string includes: all delta TiIs compared with a preset threshold value, if there is a delta T larger than the preset threshold valueiIf so, the composite insulator string has defects; otherwise no defect is present.
As a preferred technical solution of the invention patent, in step T5, the method for locating the position of the composite insulator with the defect comprises: if Δ TiIs positive and greater than a predetermined threshold value, while Δ Ti+mIs negative, and Δ Ti+mIf the absolute value of the (i + m) is larger than the preset threshold value, the (i + 1) th to (i + m) th composite insulators are considered to have defects, wherein (i + m) belongs to (1, n); if i is 0, the 1 st composite insulator has a defect.
As a preferred technical solution of the invention patent, the method for acquiring the preset threshold value comprises: testing the difference value delta T of integrals corresponding to the maximum temperature values of two adjacent normal composite insulators in different environmentsjAccording to a plurality of Δ TjObtaining a coefficient a, testing under the environment to be testedAnd setting a.Delta T as a preset threshold value of the difference value Delta T of the integrals corresponding to the maximum temperature values of two adjacent normal composite insulators so as to ensure that the defective insulator can be detected by using the threshold value, but the normal insulator is not wrongly judged as the defective insulator.
As a preferred technical solution of the invention patent, a value of the coefficient a is 1.05, and a value range of the preset threshold is as follows: 500-1000cm2·℃。
Fig. 3 shows an infrared diagram of a 220 kv line composite insulator string, where the temperature rise of the composite insulator string is relatively obvious, and this example is used to verify the effectiveness of the method under a large temperature difference. The composite insulator string is formed by connecting 11 composite insulators with the same model in series, and the parameters of a single composite insulator are as follows: the diameter of the large umbrella skirt is 140mm, the diameter of the small umbrella skirt is 100mm, the height of each single insulator is 89mm, and considering that the side surface areas of the single-piece composite insulators on the string of composite insulators are the same, the side surface area of the single-piece composite insulator is about 736cm after the single-piece composite insulator is approximately a circular truncated cone2. The temperature distribution of the 1 st to 11 th composite insulators is shown in fig. 3, and the positions of the defective composite insulators are difficult to see from the temperature point of view because the temperature difference of the composite insulators is not large. Integrating the temperature to obtain the integral K of 11 composite insulatorsiProfile, as shown in fig. 4. It can be clearly seen that the integral result at the composite insulator No. 2 has obvious mutation, and the defect exists in the integral result. Selecting the threshold value of 1000cm2Temperature of reaction to find Delta TiThe values of i ∈ (1, 10) are as follows:
as can be seen from the table,. DELTA.T1Is significantly above the threshold value, Δ T2The value of (2) is negative, so that the 2 nd composite insulator has a defect, and the result is consistent with the infrared result, in order to deteriorate the insulator.
Similarly, fig. 5 shows an infrared diagram of another 220 kv line composite insulator string which has a small temperature rise and is difficult to clean by a conventional infrared temperature measurement methodAnd the defective insulator can be found clearly and accurately. The composite insulator size parameters of this figure are the same as for the composite insulator string given in figure 3. It can be seen that, because the temperature difference of the composite insulator is relatively small, the temperature distribution is relatively uniform, and the position of the defective composite insulator is difficult to see in temperature alone. Integrating the temperature to obtain the integral K of the composite insulatoriThe distribution diagram is shown in fig. 6, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that there is a sudden change in the composite insulator No. 1, where there may be a defect. Selecting the threshold value of 500cm2Temperature of reaction to find Delta TiThe values of i ∈ (1, 27) are as follows:
as can be seen from the table,. DELTA.TiIs negative and the absolute value exceeds the threshold value, so that the 1 st composite insulator is defective and is a deteriorated insulator, and the result is consistent with the final detection result.
To verify the effectiveness of the method in detecting three adjacent deteriorated composite insulators, fig. 7 shows an infrared diagram of another 220 kv line composite insulator string, with the composite insulator size parameters of the diagram being the same as those of the composite insulator string shown in fig. 3. Integrating the temperature to obtain the integral K of the composite insulatoriThe distribution diagram is shown in fig. 8, and as can be seen from fig. 8, the composite insulators of No. 6 and No. 9 have abrupt changes, so that defects may exist. The threshold value selected in this example was 1000cm2Temperature of reaction to find Delta TiThe value of i ∈ (1, 20) is as follows:
as can be seen from the table,. DELTA.T6Is significantly above the threshold value, Δ T9Is negative and greater than the threshold value, so that the 6 th to 8 th composite insulators are defective and deteriorated, which is consistent with the infrared result.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes that are changed from the content of the present specification and the drawings, or are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A composite insulator defect detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
t1: acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator string by using an infrared instrument;
t2: reading the maximum temperature value of each composite insulator in the composite insulator string through an infrared graph
Wherein i belongs to (1, n), and n is the number of composite insulators in the composite insulator string;
t3: maximum temperature for each composite insulator
Calculating corresponding curved surface integral Ki；
Wherein x is a horizontal axis corresponding to the second-type curved surface integral of the composite insulator, and y is a longitudinal axis corresponding to the second-type curved surface integral of the composite insulator; s is the area of the side surface of the shed sheath of the single composite insulator;
t4: calculating the difference value delta T of the curved surface integrals corresponding to every two adjacent composite insulatorsi；ΔTi＝Ki+1-Ki；
T5: according to all DeltaTiAbsolute value of and/or all deltasiPositive and negative judgment composite insulator stringAnd determining whether the composite insulator has the defect, and positioning the position of the composite insulator with the defect.
2. The method for detecting the defects of the composite insulators according to claim 1, wherein the shed sheath of each composite insulator comprises a plurality of umbrella-shaped structures, and the method is characterized in that in the step T3, when the area S of the side surface of a single composite insulator is calculated, the side surface of the shed sheath is subjected to simplified calculation.
3. The method for detecting the defects of the composite insulator according to claim 2, wherein the simplified mode is as follows: and connecting the end parts of the adjacent umbrella-shaped structures by a curved surface.
4. The method for detecting defects of a composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein in step T5, the method for determining whether defects exist in the composite insulator string is as follows: all delta TiIs compared with a preset threshold value, if there is a delta T larger than the preset threshold valueiIf so, the composite insulator string has defects; otherwise no defect is present.
5. The method for detecting the defect of the composite insulator according to claim 4, wherein in the step T5, the method for locating the position of the composite insulator with the defect comprises the following steps: if Δ TiIs positive and greater than a predetermined threshold value, while Δ Ti+mIs negative, and Δ Ti+mIf the absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset threshold value, the (i + 1) th to (i + m) th composite insulators have defects, wherein (i + m) belongs to (1, n); if i is 0, the 1 st composite insulator has a defect.
6. The method for detecting the defect of the composite insulator according to claim 5, wherein the method for acquiring the preset threshold value comprises the following steps: testing the difference value delta T of integrals corresponding to the maximum temperature values of two adjacent normal composite insulators in different environmentsjAccording to a plurality of Δ TjObtaining a coefficient a, and testing two adjacent normalities under the environment to be testedAnd setting a.Delta T as a preset threshold value of the difference value Delta T of the integral corresponding to the maximum temperature value of the composite insulator.
7. The method for detecting the defects of the composite insulator according to claim 6, wherein the value of the coefficient a is 1.05.
8. The method for detecting the defects of the composite insulator according to claim 5, wherein the preset threshold value is in a value range of: 500-1000cm2·℃。
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| CN114577853A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-06-03 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Automatic judging method for heating defect of composite insulator |
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