CN110827270B - Composite insulator defect diagnosis method and system - Google Patents
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1245—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of line insulators or spacers, e.g. ceramic overhead line cap insulators; of insulators in HV bushings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite insulator defect diagnosis method, which comprises the following steps: carrying out temperature scanning on the composite insulator by using an infrared temperature measurement technology; when the temperature difference of the composite insulator is detected to be larger than a preset reference temperature, acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator; preprocessing the infrared image to extract a composite insulator image from the infrared image; determining a heating area from the composite insulator image; calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator, and calculating the ratio of the farthest distance to the total length of the composite insulator; and diagnosing the defects of the composite insulator according to the ratio. The invention also discloses a composite insulator defect diagnosis system. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, errors caused by environment, instruments and testers in temperature difference value judgment are effectively reduced, the serious defect identification rate can be effectively improved, and the defect false alarm rate is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grids, in particular to a composite insulator defect diagnosis method and system.
Background
The transmission line insulator has the advantages of good pollution flashover resistance, zero value detection free, light weight, high strength, convenience in installation, maintenance free and the like, and is deeply favored by power departments. However, the insulator is exposed to the atmospheric environment for a long time in the actual operation process, and is tested under various climatic conditions, high electric fields and strong mechanical loads. As the operating time increases, insulator aging and performance degradation become more and more urgent issues. Infrared thermal imaging detection is an effective online detection technology and is widely applied to inspection of domestic power transmission lines. By means of an infrared detection technology, the phenomenon of abnormal temperature rise (heating) of the composite insulator is found in the running of power transmission lines in a plurality of domestic areas, and the phenomenon of abnormal temperature rise of the composite insulator gradually draws attention of people.
At present, the standard for infrared temperature measurement of insulators is mainly DL/T664-2016 charged equipment infrared diagnosis application Specification. For a line composite insulator (composite insulator), the standard directly obtains temperature difference (temperature difference between different tested devices or different parts of the same tested device) through infrared thermal imaging, if the temperature difference is higher than 0.5-1K, the defect is determined to be serious or above, and an operation and maintenance unit is required to arrange and process as soon as possible or immediately. During on-site infrared detection, the temperature difference value can be influenced by illumination, temperature, humidity, wind speed and the like, and certain errors exist in remote measurement under a tower, so that misjudgment is easily caused, and great pressure is caused to operation and maintenance units.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a method and a system for diagnosing the defects of a composite insulator, which can effectively reduce errors caused by environment, instruments and testers in temperature difference value judgment, effectively improve the identification rate of serious defects and reduce the false alarm rate of the defects.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for diagnosing defects of a composite insulator, including:
carrying out temperature scanning on the composite insulator by using an infrared temperature measurement technology;
when the temperature difference of the composite insulator is detected to be larger than a preset reference temperature, acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator; wherein the temperature difference is the difference between the temperature of the temperature rising part and the temperature of the non-temperature rising part in the composite insulator;
preprocessing the infrared image to extract a composite insulator image from the infrared image;
determining a heating area from the composite insulator image; wherein the heating area is the highest temperature area of the composite insulator;
calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator, and calculating the ratio of the farthest distance to the total length of the composite insulator;
and diagnosing the defects of the composite insulator according to the comparison value.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the diagnosing the defect of the composite insulator according to the ratio specifically includes:
when the ratio is smaller than or equal to a preset first defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has light defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the first defect grade and less than or equal to a preset second defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has medium defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the second defect grade and less than or equal to a preset third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has severe defects at present;
and when the ratio is greater than the third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator is an emergency defect at present.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the preprocessing the infrared image to extract the composite insulator image from the infrared image specifically includes:
filtering and denoising the infrared image by using a wavelet denoising algorithm;
and segmenting the infrared image subjected to filtering and noise reduction processing by using an edge feature algorithm, and extracting to obtain a composite insulator image.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the determining the heat generation region from the composite insulation subimage specifically includes:
and positioning the heating area in the composite insulator image by utilizing gray scale analysis.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the calculating a farthest distance from the heating area to the grading ring on the composite insulator wire side specifically includes:
and calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator through pixel points.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a composite insulator defect diagnosis system, which comprises:
the temperature scanning module is used for scanning the temperature of the composite insulator by using an infrared temperature measurement technology;
the infrared image acquisition module is used for acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator when the temperature difference of the composite insulator is detected to be larger than a preset reference temperature; wherein, the temperature difference is the temperature difference between a temperature rise part and a non-temperature rise part in the composite insulator;
the image processing module is used for preprocessing the infrared image so as to extract a composite insulator image from the infrared image; the composite insulator image is used for identifying a heating area; the heating area is the highest temperature area of the composite insulator;
the calculation module is used for calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator and calculating the ratio of the farthest distance to the total length of the composite insulator;
and the defect diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the defects of the composite insulator according to the ratio.
As an improvement of the above solution, the defect diagnosis module is specifically configured to:
when the ratio is smaller than or equal to a preset first defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has light defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the first defect grade and less than or equal to a preset second defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has medium defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the second defect grade and less than or equal to a preset third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has severe defects at present;
and when the ratio is greater than the third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator is an emergency defect at present.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the image processing module is specifically configured to:
filtering and denoising the infrared image by using a wavelet denoising algorithm;
and segmenting the infrared image subjected to filtering and noise reduction processing by using an edge feature algorithm, and extracting to obtain a composite insulator image.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the image processing module is specifically configured to:
and positioning the heating area in the composite insulator image by utilizing gray scale analysis.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the calculation module is specifically configured to:
and calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator through pixel points.
The method and the system for diagnosing the defects of the composite insulator disclosed by the embodiment of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the main criterion is changed from the absolute value of the temperature difference to the relative position of the temperature rise point away from the high-voltage end of the insulator, so that errors caused by environment, instruments and testers in the process of judging the temperature difference are reduced; the criterion of the relative position of the temperature rise point from the high-voltage end of the insulator is obtained based on experience summary of the composite insulator with abnormal temperature rise on site, and has obvious association relation with the defect development in the insulator, so that the serious defect recognition rate can be effectively improved, and the defect false alarm rate can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a composite insulator defect diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a composite insulator;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite insulator defect diagnosis system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a composite insulator defect diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention; the composite insulator defect diagnosis method comprises the following steps:
s1, scanning the temperature of the composite insulator by using an infrared temperature measurement technology;
s2, when the temperature difference of the composite insulator is detected to be larger than a preset reference temperature, acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator; wherein the temperature difference is the difference between the temperature of the temperature rising part and the temperature of the non-temperature rising part in the composite insulator;
s3, preprocessing the infrared image to extract a composite insulator image from the infrared image;
s4, determining a heating area from the composite insulator image; the heating area is the highest temperature area of the composite insulator;
s5, calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator, and calculating the ratio of the farthest distance to the total length of the composite insulator;
and S6, performing defect diagnosis on the composite insulator according to the ratio.
Specifically, in step S1, an infrared thermometer is used to perform rapid temperature scanning on the composite insulator at a suitable angle below the tower.
Specifically, in step S2, the temperature difference between the temperature rise portion and the non-temperature rise portion in the composite insulator is defined as the temperature difference (i.e. the temperature difference between any two portions), and when the temperature difference of the composite insulator is detected to be greater than a preset reference temperature (for example, 0.5 ℃), the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is used for carrying an infrared temperature measuring instrument to fly to a position close to the insulator, and an infrared image containing the whole string of composite insulator is shot at a head-up angle.
Specifically, in step S3, the AI chip carried by the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is utilized, and the preset image denoising, insulator feature extraction and pattern recognition algorithms are used to calculate the infrared image shot by the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.
Preferably, the preprocessing the infrared image to extract a composite insulator image from the infrared image specifically includes:
s31, filtering and denoising the infrared image by using a wavelet denoising algorithm;
and S32, segmenting the infrared image subjected to filtering and noise reduction processing by utilizing an edge feature algorithm, and extracting to obtain a composite insulator image.
Specifically, in step S4, the determining the heat generation region from the composite insulator image specifically includes: and positioning the heating area in the composite insulator image by utilizing gray scale analysis.
Specifically, in step S5, the farthest distance from the heating region to the grading ring on the wire side of the composite insulator is calculated, and the ratio of the farthest distance to the total length of the composite insulator is calculated. Referring to fig. 2, assuming that the total length of the composite insulator is L and the farthest distance from the heat generation region to the grading ring on the wire side of the composite insulator is a, the ratio R = a/L.
Specifically, in step S6, the diagnosing the defect of the composite insulator according to the ratio specifically includes:
when the ratio is smaller than or equal to a preset first defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has slight defects at present; illustratively, the first defect level is 0.02L, when R is less than or equal to 0.02L, the insulator is diagnosed as a light defect, and the insulator should be paid intensive attention in the subsequent inspection;
when the ratio is greater than the first defect grade and less than or equal to a preset second defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has medium defects at present; illustratively, the second defect level is 0.04L, when 0.02l straw r is less than or equal to 0.04L, the insulator replacement is diagnosed as a medium defect, and the insulator replacement should be completed within a maintenance period of more than 6 months or one year;
when the ratio is greater than the second defect grade and less than or equal to a preset third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has severe defects at present; illustratively, the third defect level is 0.08L, when 0.04L straw R is less than or equal to 0.08L, the insulator is diagnosed as a serious defect, and the insulator replacement is finished within 7 days;
when the ratio is larger than the third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator is an emergency defect at present; illustratively, when R >0.08L, an emergency defect is diagnosed, the insulator replacement should be completed as soon as possible within 24 hours.
The above process can be referred to table 1.
TABLE 1 Defect diagnosis Table
| Ratio R | Maximum temperature difference (. Degree. C.) | Diagnosis result |
| [0，2) | ＞0.5 | Mild degree of |
| [2，4) | ＞0.5 | Of moderate degree |
| [4，8) | ＞0.5 | Severe degree |
| [8，100] | ＞0.5 | Emergency system |
The method for diagnosing the defects of the composite insulator disclosed by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the main criterion is changed from the absolute value of the temperature difference to the relative position of the temperature rise point away from the high-voltage end of the insulator, so that errors caused by environment, instruments and testers in the process of judging the temperature difference are reduced; the criterion of the relative position of the temperature rise point from the high-voltage end of the insulator is obtained based on experience summary of the composite insulator with abnormal temperature rise on site, and the criterion has a significant incidence relation with the defect development in the insulator, so that the identification rate of serious defects can be effectively improved, and the false alarm rate of the defects can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite insulator defect diagnosis system according to an embodiment of the present invention; the composite insulator defect diagnosis system comprises:
the temperature scanning module 10 is used for scanning the temperature of the composite insulator by using an infrared temperature measurement technology;
the infrared image acquisition module 20 is configured to acquire an infrared image of the composite insulator when it is detected that the temperature difference of the composite insulator is greater than a preset reference temperature; wherein, the temperature difference is the temperature difference between a temperature rise part and a non-temperature rise part in the composite insulator;
an image processing module 30, configured to pre-process the infrared image to extract a composite insulator image in the infrared image; the composite insulator image is used for identifying a heating area; wherein the heating area is the highest temperature area of the composite insulator;
the calculation module 40 is used for calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the grading ring on the wire side of the composite insulator and calculating the ratio of the farthest distance to the total length of the composite insulator;
and the defect diagnosis module 50 is used for diagnosing the defects of the composite insulator according to the ratio.
Preferably, the image processing module 30 is specifically configured to:
filtering and denoising the infrared image by using a wavelet denoising algorithm;
and segmenting the infrared image subjected to filtering and noise reduction processing by using an edge feature algorithm, and extracting to obtain a composite insulator image.
The image processing module 30 is specifically configured to:
and positioning the heating area in the composite insulator image by utilizing gray scale analysis.
Preferably, the calculating module 40 is specifically configured to:
and calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator through pixel points.
Preferably, the defect diagnosis module 50 is specifically configured to:
when the ratio is smaller than or equal to a preset first defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has light defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the first defect grade and less than or equal to a preset second defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has medium defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the second defect grade and less than or equal to a preset third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has severe defects at present;
and when the ratio is greater than the third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator is an emergency defect at present.
The composite insulator defect diagnosis system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the main criterion is changed from the absolute value of the temperature difference to the relative position of the temperature rise point away from the high-voltage end of the insulator, so that errors caused by environment, instruments and testers in the process of judging the temperature difference are reduced; the criterion of the relative position of the temperature rise point from the high-voltage end of the insulator is obtained based on experience summary of the composite insulator with abnormal temperature rise on site, and the criterion has a significant incidence relation with the defect development in the insulator, so that the identification rate of serious defects can be effectively improved, and the false alarm rate of the defects can be reduced.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A composite insulator defect diagnosis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out temperature scanning on the composite insulator by using an infrared temperature measurement technology;
when the temperature difference of the composite insulator is detected to be larger than a preset reference temperature, acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator; wherein the temperature difference is the difference between the temperature of the temperature rising part and the temperature of the non-temperature rising part in the composite insulator;
preprocessing the infrared image to extract a composite insulator image from the infrared image;
determining a heating area from the composite insulator image; the heating area is the highest temperature area of the composite insulator;
calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator, and calculating the ratio of the farthest distance to the total length of the composite insulator;
performing defect diagnosis on the composite insulator according to the ratio;
the defect diagnosis of the composite insulator according to the ratio specifically comprises:
when the ratio is smaller than or equal to a preset first defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has slight defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the first defect grade and less than or equal to a preset second defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has medium defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the second defect grade and less than or equal to a preset third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has severe defects at present;
and when the ratio is greater than the third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator is an emergency defect at present.
2. The method for diagnosing defects of a composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein the preprocessing the infrared image to extract an image of the composite insulator from the infrared image comprises:
filtering and denoising the infrared image by using a wavelet denoising algorithm;
and segmenting the infrared image subjected to filtering and noise reduction by using an edge feature algorithm, and extracting to obtain a composite insulator image.
3. The method for diagnosing defects of a composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining a heat generation region from the composite insulator image comprises:
and positioning the heating area in the composite insulator image by utilizing gray scale analysis.
4. The method for diagnosing defects of a composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the farthest distance from the heating area to the grading ring on the wire side of the composite insulator specifically comprises the steps of:
and calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator through pixel points.
5. A composite insulator defect diagnostic system, comprising:
the temperature scanning module is used for scanning the temperature of the composite insulator by using an infrared temperature measurement technology;
the infrared image acquisition module is used for acquiring an infrared image of the composite insulator when the temperature difference of the composite insulator is detected to be greater than a preset reference temperature; wherein the temperature difference is the difference between the temperature of the temperature rising part and the temperature of the non-temperature rising part in the composite insulator;
the image processing module is used for preprocessing the infrared image so as to extract a composite insulator image from the infrared image; the composite insulator image is used for identifying a heating area; wherein the heating area is the highest temperature area of the composite insulator;
the calculation module is used for calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator and calculating the ratio of the farthest distance to the total length of the composite insulator;
the defect diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the defects of the composite insulator according to the ratio;
wherein the defect diagnosis module is specifically configured to:
when the ratio is smaller than or equal to a preset first defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has slight defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the first defect grade and less than or equal to a preset second defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has medium defects at present;
when the ratio is greater than the second defect grade and less than or equal to a preset third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator has severe defects at present;
and when the ratio is greater than the third defect grade, judging that the composite insulator is an emergency defect at present.
6. The composite insulator defect diagnostic system of claim 5, wherein the image processing module is specifically configured to:
filtering and denoising the infrared image by using a wavelet denoising algorithm;
and segmenting the infrared image subjected to filtering and noise reduction processing by using an edge feature algorithm, and extracting to obtain a composite insulator image.
7. The composite insulator defect diagnostic system of claim 5, wherein the image processing module is specifically configured to:
and positioning the heating area in the composite insulator image by utilizing gray scale analysis.
8. The composite insulator defect diagnostic system of claim 5, wherein the computing module is specifically configured to:
and calculating the farthest distance between the heating area and the equalizing ring on the wire side of the composite insulator through pixel points.
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| CN113884537A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-04 | 国家电网有限公司 | Porcelain insulator defect detection method based on infrared temperature rise |
| CN114167231B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-12-26 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Device and method for detecting internal conductivity defect of composite insulator |
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