CN113588402A - Experimental device for ultrasonic testing shale hydration microcrack propagation characteristic of high temperature and high pressure water circulation - Google Patents
Experimental device for ultrasonic testing shale hydration microcrack propagation characteristic of high temperature and high pressure water circulation Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000013075 data extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action, which is characterized in that the device can integrally monitor and simulate the propagation condition of the microcracks in the shale core hydration action under a real deep environment in real time, study the propagation mechanism of the microcracks, and analyze the influence of the microcracks on the shale permeability and the shale gas recovery ratio. The device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle, a variable-temperature water injection circulating device and a mobile ultrasonic detection device, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle simulates a hydration action environment in which liquid water circularly flows and fully contacts with a sample under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions; the variable-temperature water injection circulating device accurately controls factors such as temperature, confining pressure, flow rate, water injection pressure and water injection time which influence the propagation characteristic of the shale microcracks; the mobile ultrasonic detection device detects the expansion condition of the internal micro-cracks of the shale rock core in real time, and the hydration of the rock core and the expansion detection of the cracks are synchronously carried out. The device is simple to operate, convenient to move, convenient to research the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation effect, and has important significance to deep oil gas exploration and development.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an experimental device for detecting shale hydration microcrack propagation, in particular to an experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action, and belongs to the field of deep oil gas exploration and development.
Background art:
shale oil and gas reservoirs have the characteristics of low porosity and low permeability, shale oil and gas wells almost have no natural productivity, and reservoir transformation is often needed to improve the oil and gas productivity. The hydraulic fracturing is a main mode for shale reservoir transformation, and the shale oil and gas production energy is improved by enabling the reservoir to form a complex fracture network through the hydraulic fracturing. With the continuous progress of oil and gas exploration and development technologies, shale oil and gas exploration and development are developed from a shallow layer to a deep layer, and the deep shale reservoir is in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, so that the coupling effects of deep stratum temperature, pressure, liquid water and the like are increased, and the development and expansion conditions of deep reservoir fractures become more complex. Researches show that the shale can be hydrated after absorbing water, and the hydration of the shale can promote the generation of secondary cracks of the shale, so that a more complex crack network is formed. Therefore, the research on the hydration microcrack propagation characteristic of the shale under the liquid water circulation effect under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions is necessary.
However, the existing experimental equipment for testing the micro-crack propagation condition by simulating the shale hydration under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment has the following defects and shortcomings:
(1) shale hydration experiments are mostly carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure or under lower confining pressure, the real deep stratum environment cannot be simulated, and the problems that the influence of the deep reservoir shale hydration on the hydraulic fracture complexity, namely the shale hydration micro-fracture propagation characteristic and the like cannot be obtained.
(2) The experimental methods mainly comprise methods such as surface observation and analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance technology, CT scanning technology and the like. The surface observation and analysis method can only observe the propagation condition of the cracks on the outer side of the shale core, and cannot judge and analyze the propagation condition of the microcracks in the shale; the experiment method for determining the shale hydration microcracks by the nuclear magnetic resonance technology and the CT scanning technology can detect the shale hydration microcracks only after the hydration of the shale rock cores is finished and water is discharged, and can not monitor the crack propagation condition in real time and simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure hydration action environment of deep shale. In addition, the nuclear magnetic resonance technology and the CT scanning technology are expensive in experimental equipment and complex in operation steps.
(3) The high-temperature high-pressure kettle has large structural limitation, and a common high-temperature high-pressure kettle only can provide a high-temperature high-pressure environment, cannot provide an environment with fluid action such as deep stratum liquid water and the like, and cannot simulate the expansion condition of internal microcracks of the shale in the liquid water filling process under the real deep stratum environment.
(4) The existing shale hydration experiment method is characterized in that a shale core sample is soaked for a plurality of hours under certain conditions, time and labor are consumed, and the requirement of testing the microcrack propagation of the shale sample in real time cannot be met.
In order to solve the problems that the conventional experimental device for testing the propagation of the shale sample hydration microcracks cannot simulate a deep real environment, cannot test the propagation condition of the shale sample microcracks in real time and is time-consuming and labor-consuming in experiments, the invention provides the experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation effect by means of a high-temperature and high-pressure hydration reaction kettle, a variable-temperature water injection circulation device and an ultrasonic detection device, and forms the integrated real-time monitoring experimental device suitable for detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water environment.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide an experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the hydration microcrack propagation characteristic of shale under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and high monitoring precision, and can simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of a real deep shale reservoir and monitor the internal microcrack propagation condition of the hydration action of a shale core in real time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation effect can integrally monitor and simulate the propagation condition of the internal microcracks of the shale core hydration effect under a real deep environment in real time and research the propagation characteristic of the shale core hydration microcracks. The device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle, a variable-temperature water injection circulating device and an ultrasonic detection device, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle is internally provided with the hydration reaction device, the device is fixed by an upper fixer and a lower fixer, and a rock core sample is positioned in a water injection sleeve in the hydration reaction device and is fixed by a rock sample left clamp and a rock sample right clamp. The left side and the right side of the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle are provided with a water circulation water injection port and a water circulation water outlet which are respectively connected with the rock sample left clamp and the rock sample right clamp.
The invention relates to an experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of shale hydration microcracks under the circulating action of high temperature and high pressure water, wherein a water injection sleeve is made of a high temperature and high pressure resistant material in a hydration reaction device in a high temperature and high pressure hydration reaction kettle, so that the experimental device has the characteristics of high heat transfer speed and large fluid flowing space, and can ensure that liquid water can be fully contacted with a rock core sample. The rock sample left clamp and the rock sample right clamp are respectively provided with a left bolt hole and a right bolt hole which are connected with a water injection sleeve; and the rock sample left clamp and the rock sample right clamp are respectively provided with a rock sample left clamp upper fixing bolt hole, a rock sample left clamp lower fixing bolt hole, a rock sample right clamp upper fixing bolt hole and a rock sample right clamp lower fixing bolt hole, and are fixed with an upper fixer and a lower fixer by bolts.
The invention relates to an experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the hydration micro-crack propagation characteristic of shale under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action, wherein pressure-control water injection passages are arranged in a rock sample left clamp and a rock sample right clamp, and water inflow is injected from water inlet holes of the rock sample left clamp and then is injected into a water injection sleeve from water outlet holes of the rock sample left clamp which are uniformly distributed around; the effluent water flows through the water outlets of the rock sample right clamp uniformly distributed on the periphery and then flows out through the water inlet of the rock sample right clamp. A flowmeter is arranged in the pressure-control water injection passage, and before water flows return to the water tank, the water flow return quantity is accurately counted, and the water flow is strictly monitored.
The invention relates to an experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of shale hydration microcracks under the circulation action of high-temperature and high-pressure water, wherein a temperature-changing water injection circulation device is provided with a water tank communicated with a high-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump is connected with a temperature changer, and the lower part of the temperature changer is connected with a heating device and then is connected with a water circulation water injection port of a high-temperature and high-pressure hydration reaction kettle; the water circulation water outlet is connected with the temperature changer, and the temperature changer is connected with the cooling device, communicated with the back pressure regulator and then communicated with the water tank.
According to the experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action, the mobile ultrasonic detection device is provided with the ultrasonic flaw detector which is connected with the computer, so that the automatic analysis of the propagation condition of the cracks in the rock core can be realized.
According to the experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action, the water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure hydration reaction kettle are accurately controlled by the water circulation water injection control valve and the water circulation water outlet control valve, so that the experimental accuracy is ensured.
According to the experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action, the temperature changer is communicated with the heating device and the cooling device together, so that the water injection temperature can be adjusted in advance, the accuracy of experimental conditions is ensured, and the damage to experimental equipment caused by the over-fast temperature rise is reduced.
The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action, disclosed by the invention, is internally provided with the safety control valve and the back pressure regulator, so that the water injection pressure is accurately regulated.
Compared with the existing experimental device, the experimental device has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the existing high-temperature autoclave and common hydration experimental device, the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle can meet the high-temperature high-pressure real environment of a deep shale reservoir and can enable a rock core to perform hydration, and the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle is provided with a circulating water injection passage, so that the full hydration of circulating liquid water and the rock core can be realized, the hydration of a shale sample and water under the real deep stratum environment can be simulated, and the hydration condition can be evaluated;
(2) the temperature-variable water injection circulating device arranged in the experiment can accurately control different water injection temperatures, pressures and reaction times of water flows, and provides a more reliable and stable experiment method for researching influence factors of micro-crack propagation characteristics in the core sample under the hydration action; the temperature-changing water injection circulating device is provided with safety control devices such as a pressure control valve and the like, so that the safety and the simplicity and convenience in operation of the experiment are ensured; the temperature-changing water injection circulating device can realize the recycling of liquid water, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
(3) Compared with the existing experimental method, such as surface observation and analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance technology, CT scanning technology and the like, the ultrasonic micro-crack monitoring effect has remarkable advantages, the experimental device is provided with the mobile ultrasonic detection device, the expansion condition of the micro-cracks in the shale can be monitored and recorded in real time, the nuclear magnetic resonance technology and the CT scanning technology which cannot be realized are suitable for field working conditions, and the device is light and convenient and is simple to operate.
(4) The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation effect is compact and reasonable in structure and convenient to operate, not only can simulate the real environment of a stratum, but also can accurately change the temperature and pressure and detect the real-time rock core hydration microcracks under the liquid injection time under the condition that a rock core sample is put in once without being taken out, and saves the experimental time, manpower and material resources.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristics of shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of a high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the disassembly of the hydration reaction apparatus in the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the structure of a hydration reaction device in the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the experimental operation of the present invention.
Description of the figures:
1. a water circulation water injection port; 2. an upper holder; 3. a water injection sleeve; 4. a core sample; 5. a water circulation water outlet; 6. a rock sample right clamp; 6-1, fixing a bolt hole at the lower part of the rock sample right clamp; 6-2, fixing a bolt hole at the upper part of the rock sample right clamp; 6-3, a rock sample right clamp water inlet hole; 6-4, a right bolt hole; 6-5, water outlet holes of the rock sample right clamp; 7. a lower holder; 8. a rock sample left clamp; 8-1, fixing a bolt hole at the lower part of the left rock sample clamp; 8-2, fixing a bolt hole at the upper part of the rock sample left clamp; 8-3, a water inlet hole of the rock sample left clamp; 8-4, a left bolt hole; 8-5, water outlet holes of the rock sample left clamp; 9. a high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle; 10. a water circulation water injection control valve; 11. a heating device; 12. a high pressure pump; 13. a water tank; 14. a flow meter; 15. a back pressure regulator; 16. a cooling device; 17. a temperature changer; 18. a safety control valve; 19. a water circulation water outlet control valve; 20. a computer; 21. an ultrasonic flaw detector.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action comprises a high-temperature and high-pressure hydration reaction kettle 9, a water circulation water injection control valve 10, a heating device 11, a high-pressure pump 12, a water tank 13, a flow meter 14, a back pressure regulator 15, a cooling device 16, a temperature changer 17, a safety control valve 18, a water circulation water outlet control valve 19, a computer 20 and an ultrasonic flaw detector 21. Wherein, the water circulation water injection port 1 is connected with a high pressure pump 12, the water injection pressure is controlled by a water circulation water injection control valve 10, and the water injection temperature is controlled by a temperature changer 17 and a heating device 10; the water circulation water outlet 5 is connected with a back pressure regulator 15, the water outlet pressure is controlled by a water circulation water outlet control valve 19, and the water outlet temperature is controlled by a temperature changer 17 and a cooling device 16. Taking the detection of the propagation condition of the hydration microcracks of the shale under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure and different water injection pressures as an example, the specific implementation mode of the invention is introduced as follows:
(1) the components were mounted as shown in fig. 1: the temperature-changing water injection circulating device, the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle and the ultrasonic detection device are connected. The shale sample is assembled in the water injection casing in the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle and is fixed by the bolt, and the water injection casing is fixed in the kettle body by the rock sample left clamp and the rock sample right clamp in order to prevent the water injection casing from moving caused by liquid water pressure change and other factors.
(2) In order to ensure that the experimental device has good tightness, the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle is heated firstly, whether bubbles emerge from the water inlet of the water tank is observed, then the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle is cooled, and if a section of water column flows into the conduit, the device has good tightness.
(3) After the experimental device is connected, the mobile ultrasonic detection computer system is started to perform rock sample ultrasonic initial measurement and data extraction.
(4) And (3) boosting the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, heating to reach the specified confining pressure and temperature, adjusting the temperature of the water injection section temperature changer, heating the water to the specified temperature of the experiment, and keeping the confining pressure, the temperature and the temperature in the water injection circulation device in the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle stable for a period of time.
(5) And adjusting the pressure of the high-pressure pump, and opening a water circulation water injection control valve to inject water into the water injection sleeve. When the sleeve is filled with water, the pressure of the back pressure regulator is adjusted, the pressure of the high-pressure pump is increased, the pressure of the high-pressure pump is higher than that of the back pressure regulator, and the pressure difference is kept equal to the initial water injection pressure (the water injection pressure difference is named as pressure 1). And opening the water circulation water outlet control valve, and enabling water flow in the water injection sleeve to form a circulation effect, so that the stability of water injection pressure and the circular flow of liquid water in the shale rock sample hydration process are realized.
(6) The liquid water flowing out of the water injection sleeve is cooled by the temperature changer and the cooling device and then flows back to the water tank for water circulation again.
(7) And (5) opening a mobile ultrasonic detection computer system after water injection in the water injection sleeve is stable, detecting the shale hydration micro-crack expansion condition under the water injection pressure in real time, and performing ultrasonic detection and data extraction. The hydration time of the shale core in the experiment is regulated to be 2 hours, and the propagation condition of the shale hydration micro-cracks under the water injection pressure difference of 1 is marked and recorded after 2 hours.
(8) And (5) adjusting the pressure of the high-pressure pump, increasing the pressure difference (pressure 2) between the high-pressure pump and the back pressure regulator, and repeatedly executing the step (5).
(9) And adjusting the pressure of the high-pressure pump for multiple times according to experimental requirements, and performing ultrasonic detection, recording the hydration micro-crack expansion conditions under different water injection pressure conditions and performing data analysis.
(10) After the experiment requires that the pressure is changed and the ultrasonic detection is carried out on the propagation condition of the shale hydration microcracks, the high-pressure pump is turned off, the back pressure regulator is adjusted, and the high-pressure pump is turned off after liquid water in a water injection sleeve of the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle is emptied.
And adjusting the pressure and the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle until the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, and performing ultrasonic final measurement and data extraction. And (4) unloading the pressure and the temperature in the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle, opening the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle, and taking out and storing the rock sample.
(11) And closing the ultrasonic flaw detector, extracting ultrasonic data in the experimental process, collating the data, fitting a hydration micro-crack expansion condition curve under different water injection pressure conditions, and analyzing the expansion characteristic of the hydration micro-crack expansion condition curve.
It should be noted that the method not only can detect the hydration microcrack propagation condition under different water injection pressure conditions, but also can detect other shale hydration microcrack propagation influencing factors, such as temperature, confining pressure, flow rate, water injection time and the like. The repetition times of the step (7) are related to influence factors of the experimental determination of the shale hydration microcrack propagation condition, and need to be determined according to actual conditions.
Claims (8)
1. An experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation effect is characterized in that the propagation condition of the internal microcracks of shale core hydration effect under a real deep environment can be integrally monitored and simulated in real time, and the propagation characteristic of the shale core hydration microcracks can be researched. The device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle, a variable-temperature water injection circulating device and an ultrasonic detection device, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle is internally provided with the hydration reaction device which is fixed by an upper fixer (2) and a lower fixer (7), and a rock core sample (4) is positioned in a water injection sleeve (3) and fixed by a rock sample left clamp (8) and a rock sample right clamp (6). The left side and the right side of the high-temperature high-pressure hydration reaction kettle are provided with a water circulation water injection port (1) and a water circulation water outlet (5) which are respectively connected with a rock sample left clamp (8) and a rock sample right clamp (6).
2. The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action is characterized in that a water injection sleeve (3) in a hydration reaction device in a high-temperature and high-pressure hydration reaction kettle is made of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant material, has the characteristics of high heat transfer speed and large fluid flowing space, and can fully contact liquid water with a core sample (4). The rock sample left clamp (8) and the rock sample right clamp (6) are respectively provided with a left bolt hole (8-4) and a right bolt hole (6-4) which are connected with a water injection sleeve (3); the rock sample left clamp (8) and the rock sample right clamp (6) are respectively provided with a rock sample left clamp upper fixing bolt hole (8-2), a rock sample left clamp lower fixing bolt hole (8-1), a rock sample right clamp upper fixing bolt hole (6-2) and a rock sample right clamp lower fixing bolt hole (6-1), and are fixed with the upper fixer (2) and the lower fixer (7) through bolts.
3. The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the hydration microcracks of the shale under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action according to the claim 2, which is characterized in that a pressure-control water injection passage is arranged in the rock sample left clamp (8) and the rock sample right clamp (6), water inflow is injected from a rock sample left clamp water inlet hole (8-3) and then is injected into a water injection sleeve (3) from water outlet holes (8-5) of the rock sample left clamp which are uniformly distributed at the periphery; the effluent water flows through the water outlets (6-5) of the rock sample right clamp uniformly distributed on the periphery and then flows out through the water inlet holes (6-3) of the rock sample right clamp. A flowmeter (14) is arranged in the pressure-control water injection passage, and before water flow returns to the water tank (13), the water flow return amount is accurately counted, and the water flow is strictly monitored.
4. The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristics of the hydration microcracks of the shale under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action according to the claim 1, characterized in that the temperature-changing water injection circulation device is provided with a water tank (13) communicated with a high-pressure pump (12), the high-pressure pump (12) is connected with a temperature changer (17), and the lower part of the temperature changer (17) is connected with a heating device (11) and then is connected with a water circulation water injection port (1) of a high-temperature and high-pressure hydration reaction kettle (9); the water circulation water outlet (5) is connected with a temperature changer (17), and the temperature changer (17) is connected with a cooling device (16), communicated with a back pressure regulator (15) and communicated with a water tank (13).
5. The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristic of the shale hydration microcracks under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action according to claim 1, wherein the mobile ultrasonic detection device is provided with an ultrasonic flaw detector (21) which is connected with a computer (20), so that the automatic analysis of the propagation condition of the cracks in the core sample (4) can be realized.
6. The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristics of the hydration microcracks of the shale under the action of the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation, according to the claim 2, is characterized in that the water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle (9) is precisely controlled by a water circulation water injection control valve (10) and a water circulation water outlet control valve (19), so that the experimental accuracy is ensured.
7. The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristics of the hydration microcracks of the shale under the action of the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation according to the claim 4, wherein the temperature changer (17) is communicated with the heating device (11) and the cooling device (16) together, so that the water injection temperature can be adjusted in advance, the accuracy of test conditions is ensured, and the damage to experimental equipment caused by the over-fast temperature rise is reduced.
8. The experimental device for ultrasonically detecting the propagation characteristics of the hydration microcracks of the shale under the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation action according to the claim 4, characterized in that a safety control valve (18) and a back pressure regulator (15) are arranged in the device, and the water injection pressure is accurately regulated.
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