CN113587900B - Geographic altitude difference algorithm and system - Google Patents
Geographic altitude difference algorithm and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The geographic altitude difference algorithm and the geographic altitude difference system provided by the application firstly calculate the altitude Cheng Yi from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring pointConstant rate of change alpha GII04‑GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05‑GIIO6 Then according to the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII04‑GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05‑GIIO6 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02‑GIIO5 . Finally, according to the difference of the ground heights of the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point and the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII02‑GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 . The calculation method is simple, the calculation accuracy is high, and the working difficulty is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of geographical mapping, in particular to a geographical altitude difference algorithm and a geographical altitude difference system.
Background
In the field of geographical mapping, geographical altitude differences are important geographical parameters. The geographic height difference is an important data index for construction and geographic drawing. However, existing mapping methods have poor accuracy, which affects the quality of the mapping at a geographic elevation.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a geographic altitude difference algorithm and a system for solving the above technical problems.
A geographic elevation difference algorithm for sequentially distributing a fourth measurement point, a second measurement point, a fifth measurement point, and a sixth measurement point along a first direction, the elevation difference algorithm for measuring an elevation difference of the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point, the method comprising:
calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point GII04-GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GIIO6 ；
According to the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO5 ；
According to the difference of the ground heights of the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point, the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 。
In one embodiment, the calculating of the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation of the fourth measuring point to the direction of the second measuring point GII04-GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GIIO6 Comprises calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation by the following formula GII04-GIIO2 ：
α GII04-GIIO2 ＝(⊿H 1 -⊿H 2 )/S GII04-GIIO2 ；
Wherein S is GII04-GIIO2 Delta H1 is the difference in earth height from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point, delta H is the difference in earth height from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point 2 And the normal height difference from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point is obtained.
In one embodiment, the calculating of the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation of the fourth measuring point to the direction of the second measuring point GII04-GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GIIO6 Comprises calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation by GII05-GIIO6 ：
α GII05-GIIO6 ＝(⊿H 3 -⊿H 4 )/S GII05-GIIO6 ；
Wherein S is GII05-GIIO6 Delta H is the straight distance from the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement point 3 Delta H is the difference of the ground heights from the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement point 4 And the normal height difference from the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement point.
In one embodiment, the abnormal change rate alpha according to the elevation GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO5 Comprising the following steps:
for the elevation anomaly rate of change alpha GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Averaging to obtain the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO5 。
In one embodiment, the elevation anomaly rate of change alpha is based on the difference in earth's elevation between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 In the above, the difference in elevation delta H between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point 6 Calculated by:
⊿H 6 ＝⊿H 5 -α GII02-GIIO5 ﹡S GII02-GIIO5 ；
wherein, the delta H 6 The normal height difference from the second measurement point to the fifth measurement point;
⊿H 5 the ground height difference from the second measurement point to the fifth measurement point;
α GII02-GIIO5 the abnormal change rate of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point;
S GII02-GIIO5 the distance between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point is the flat distance.
In one embodiment, the elevation abnormality change rate alpha is determined at the ground level difference according to the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 And then, the method further comprises the step of S40, and verification is carried out through ranging triangular elevation leveling measurement.
In one embodiment, the elevation abnormality change rate alpha is determined at the ground level difference according to the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 Thereafter, the method further comprises the step of verifying by a leveling method.
A geographic elevation difference algorithm system comprising:
a first calculation module for calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point GII04-GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GIIO6 ；
A second calculation module for calculating the abnormal change rate alpha according to the elevation GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO ；
A height difference module for determining the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation according to the earth height difference between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 。
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method when executing the computer program.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method.
The embodiment of the application providesThe geographic altitude difference algorithm comprises the steps of firstly calculating the abnormal altitude change rate alpha from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point GII04-GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GIIO6 Then according to the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO5 . Finally, according to the difference of the ground heights of the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point and the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 . The calculation method is simple, the calculation accuracy is high, and the working difficulty is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a geographic altitude difference algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a geographic altitude difference algorithm according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a geographic altitude difference algorithm according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present application provides a geographic altitude difference algorithm, which is used for measuring altitude differences of a fourth measurement point, a second measurement point, a fifth measurement point and a sixth measurement point, which are sequentially distributed along a first direction. The method comprises the following steps:
s10, calculating the abnormal elevation change rate alpha from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point GII04-GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GIIO6 ；
S20, according to the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO5 ；
S30, according to the ground height difference between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point and the abnormal change rate alpha of the height GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 。
In the present embodiment, the fourth measurement point cii 04, the second measurement point cii 02, the fifth measurement point cii 05, and the sixth measurement point cii 06 may be substantially distributed along a certain direction. Wherein, obstacles such as rivers can be arranged between the second measuring point GII02 and the fifth measuring point GII 05. The difference in height between the second measurement point cii 02 and the fifth measurement point cii 05 can thus be measured computationally. Therefore, the method provided by the embodiment can be widely applied to the height difference measurement in the fields of bridge crossing, sea crossing and the like.
The geographic altitude difference algorithm provided in the embodiment of the application is that firstly, the abnormal altitude change rate alpha from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point is calculated GII04-GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GIIO6 Then according to the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO5 . Finally according to the second measuring point sumThe difference in the ground level of the fifth measurement point and the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 . The calculation method is simple, the calculation accuracy is high, and the working difficulty is greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 2, a fourth measuring point and a second measuring point may be located on the west coast of a river. The fifth and sixth measurement points are on the east side of the river. The fourth to second measuring points cii 04 to cii 02 on the west bank and the fifth to sixth measuring points cii 05 to cii 06 on the east bank are as long as possible.
In one embodiment, the west fourth to second and east fifth to sixth measuring points cii 04 to cii 02 and cii 05 to cii 06 are preferably as long as the width of the river.
In one embodiment, the west fourth, second, east fifth, and sixth measurement points, cii 04, cii 02, cii 05, cii 06 are on a straight line.
In one embodiment, the S10 includes calculating the elevation anomaly rate of change α by the following formula GII04-GIIO2 ：
α GII04-GIIO2 ＝(⊿H 1 -⊿H 2 )/S GII04-GIIO2；
Wherein S is GII04-GIIO2 Delta H1 is the difference in earth height from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point, delta H is the difference in earth height from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point 2 And the normal height difference from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point is obtained.
In one embodiment, the S10 includes calculating the elevation anomaly rate of change, alpha, by GII05-GIIO6 ：
α GII05-GIIO6 ＝(⊿H 3 -⊿H 4 )/S GII05-GIIO6 ；
Wherein S is GII05-GIIO6 Delta H is the straight distance from the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement point 3 For the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement pointDifference in elevation of earth, delta H 4 And the normal height difference from the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement point.
That is, alpha GII04-GIIO2 、α GII05-GIIO6 The abnormal change rates of elevation in the directions of GII 04 to GII02 and GII05 to GII 06 are respectively expressed in m/km.
S GII04-GIIO2 、S GII05-GIIO6 The plain distances, in km, are GII 04 to GII02 and GII05 to GII 06, respectively.
⊿H 1 、⊿H 3 Ground level differences of GII 04 to GII02 and GII05 to GII 06, respectively, are given in m.
⊿H 2 、⊿H 4 The normal height differences, in m, are GII 04 to GII02 and GII05 to GII 06, respectively.
Respectively calculating alpha values of two banks of the bridge according to the above method, and finally taking the average value of the alpha values of the two banks as the elevation abnormal change rate alpha of GII02 to GII05 GII02-GIIO5 。
In one embodiment, the S20 includes:
for the elevation anomaly rate of change alpha GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Averaging to obtain the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO5 。
In one embodiment, in S30, the difference Δh between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point 6 Calculated by:
⊿H 6 ＝⊿H 5 -α GII02-GIIO5 ﹡S GII02-GIIO5 ；
wherein, the delta H 6 The normal height difference from the second measurement point to the fifth measurement point;
⊿H 5 the ground height difference from the second measurement point to the fifth measurement point;
α GII02-GIIO5 the abnormal change rate of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point;
S GII02-GIIO5 the distance between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point is the flat distance.
That is to say，⊿H 6 A normal height difference of GII02 to GII 05; delta H 5 Ground level differences of Gii02 to Gii 05; =α GII02-GIIO5 The elevation anomaly rate of change is GII02 to GII 05; s is S GII02-GIIO5 Is the flat pitch from GII02 to GII 05.
In one embodiment, after S30, the method further includes S40, where the step of verifying by ranging triangulation elevation leveling is performed.
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment is described using measurement points across the sea: i.e. using ranging triangle elevations to accurately measure across the sea.
Firstly, 1 selecting and laying a site, 1) performing cross-sea quasi-measurement by four times due to the longer length of a bridge.
2) And (3) carrying out the layout of the observation patterns according to the built layout of the preferential piers, wherein the layout of the cross-sea patterns is shown in fig. 3.
In the figure, KH1 and KH2 are the landing points of 118# preferential piers (bridgehead), KH3, KH4, KH5 and KH6 are the points of 110# preferential piers and 80# preferential piers respectively, and KH7, KH8, KH9 and KH10 are the points of 47# and 46# pier working platforms respectively; giii 02 (II water 02) and Giii 05 (II water 07) are primary second-class level points (also second-class GPS points).
Because the length between KH3, KH4 and KH5, KH6 can only be arranged between 6.1m and 6.2m under the influence of the bridge pier size (the bridge pier top size is 7m x 3 m), the offshore points of the offshore ranging triangle elevation are all arranged between 6.1m and 6.2 m.
2. Auxiliary point setting
KH1, KH2, KH3, KH4, KH5 and KH6 are all arranged on the preferential pier, a round hole with the diameter of 1.8cm is drilled by impact drill, then a threaded reinforcing steel bar with the diameter of 2cm is driven in, then concrete is used for reinforcing, and a cross is carved on the top of the reinforcing steel bar. KH7, KH8 and KH10 are arranged on a working platform, and the setting method of the point positions is as follows: and welding a reinforcing steel bar with the diameter of about 2cm and the length of about 10cm on the main beam of the platform, wherein the top of the reinforcing steel bar is carved with a cross. KH9 uses three equal GPS points (north lighthouse piers). The auxiliary point is stable and reliable.
3 cross sea water quasi-observation
1) Two NET05 total stations (0.5 seconds of angular accuracy, ranging) are used for quasi-observation across seawaterPrecision of 0.8mm+1ppm x 10 x d -6 ) And (5) observing.
2) The instrument is firstly placed under the open shadow 30 minutes before observation, so that the instrument and the outside air temperature tend to be consistent, and the umbrella is used for shielding sunlight during observation.
3) After the observation of one measurement is completed, the interval is 15-20 minutes, and then the observation of the next measurement is performed.
4) The elevation difference between the two points of the bank is observed back and forth by using a method of level measurement.
5) The target on the opposite bank is manufactured according to the graph C.2 in annex C1 of national first and second leveling Specification.
4. Number of measured returns and difference
1) The number of returns and the number of groups of ranging triangulation observations are shown in Table 4
Table 4 number of measured returns and number of sets observed
2) The difference between the two measured heights should be smaller than the limit difference calculated by the following formula.
Wherein: n-number of double returns, S-line of sight length across sea in km.
5 observation method
1) Height difference measurement between measuring stations of the bank
The ZDL700 electronic level is used, KH 1-KH 2, KH 3-KH 4, KH 5-KH 6, KH 7-KH 8 and KH 9-KH 10 are respectively used as a measuring station, the backward measurement is carried out according to the two-level measurement requirement, the maximum bad round-trip measurement is 0.5mm, and the allowable range is 0.6mm. Taking the number of round trip measurements as a formal result of measuring the station height difference, and taking the formal result as a reference for detecting and calculating the station instrument height.
2) Distance measurement
The shore and sea distance are measured by using NET05-10302 total station (ranging accuracy is 0.8mm+1ppm x 10:) -6 ) The round trip observation is carried out for a flat distance 4. The temperature is read to 0.2 ℃, the air pressure is read to 50 Pa, and the temperature is directly input into a total station to be automatically corrected by an instrument. The reading of one measurement return is poorer and less than or equal to 10mm, the number of measurement returns is poorer and less than or equal to 15mm, the number of the round-trip ranging is poorer and generally 1.0mm after various corrections, the maximum is 1.54mm, and the allowable range is 1.60mm.
3) Vertical angle observation
The observation procedure and the observation method of the vertical angle are all carried out according to pages 8.9.4.1 and 8.9.4.2 of national first and second leveling Specification 23.
The error observed at each set of vertical angles is within the range of the limit difference.
6. Edge length correction and checking calculation
1) Edge length correction calculation
The observation side length is corrected by the addition and multiplication constants of the instrument, then projected to a reference ellipsoid and calculated on a Gaussian plane, and each correction calculation formula is as follows:
(1) and (3) adding and multiplying constant correction of the instrument:
D＝D′*k+d
(2) and (3) projection correction:
S′ 0 ＝D{1-(Hm+hm)/R+(Hm+hm) 2 /R 2 }；
(3) and (3) calculating and correcting:
S 0 ＝S′ 0 {1+Ym 2 /(2R 2 )+(⊿Y) 2 /(24R 2 )}。
wherein: d', observing a flat distance;
k: instrument multiplication constant (k= 0.99999776)
d: instrument constant (d= -0.00058)
Hm: average elevation of two end points of the ranging edge;
hm: the height of the ground level to the reference ellipsoid (hm=67 m);
ym: ranging the average natural value of the abscissa of the edge;
r: average radius of curvature of the zone (r= 6366255 m).
2) Checking calculation
The maximum difference of the height difference of each double measuring back is 8.03mm, and the tolerance is +/-10.34 mm; three independent closed loops are formed by the geodetic quadrangles, and the closed difference is calculated by using the height difference of each side of the same time period, and is generally 3mm to the maximum of-11.1 mm, and is allowed to be +/-21.9 mm. The statistics of each cross-precision are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 accuracy statistics for each cross-ranging triangulation
The final checking calculation of the sea water accurate measurement of the ranging triangular elevation is carried out by simultaneously carrying out 4 spans, adopting the number of the height differences calculated by each measuring back, using 'Qinghua mountain dimension NASEW95 engineering measurement control net adjustment software' to carry out on a microcomputer, and eliminating the total error overrun (total error is +/-1.1 mm and +/-1.0 mm) caused by large observed height difference errors from KH5 to KH6 (ring closure difference is 4.3mm and is allowed to be 6.6 mm) in the checking calculation process. After the removal of the KH5 to KH6 height differences, the ring closure difference was maximally-2.3 mm, allowing + -6.7 mm. The total error is + -0.96 mm.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises S50, the step of verifying by a level measurement method:
the height difference between the sea water accurate measurement starting point and the level point (second-class GPS point) is measured by a ZDL700 electronic level meter, and the connecting points are KH1 to GII05 (II water 05) and KH9 to GII02 (II water 02) which respectively form two closed rings.
1. Field observation
1) The second level was observed using a ZDL700 (DS 03 type) electronic level and a bar code indium tile leveling staff, using a single-pass line one-time round trip observation. The operation process is strictly carried out according to the related requirements of national first and second leveling regulations. And arranging the number of the observing route and the sequence number of the measuring section according to the network distribution outline in the design before observation.
2) When in observation, the air temperature is low, the sunlight is mild, and in the overcast days, the sunlight is not very strong before and after the middle noon, and the temperature difference change is not obvious, so that the scale is clear in division and stable in imaging. The forward measurement and the backward measurement of the same measuring section are generally performed symmetrically in the morning or afternoon respectively. The total number of the asymmetrically observed stations is not more than 30% of the total number of the observed stations,
3) The front and rear viewing distance of the measuring station is generally controlled to be 5m to 10m on a trestle, the maximum is 15m, and the front and rear viewing distance of the measuring station is generally controlled to be about 30m on land. The rope pulling amount is adopted to control the sight distance, the sight distance difference of a single station is controlled to be 1.50 meters, and the accumulated sight distance difference before and after any measuring station is smaller than 6 meters.
4) During observation, the accuracy of the sighting axis position is checked once a day (i-angle test), and the instrument is automatically corrected by an on-board program.
5) The leveling observation is performed with the instrument and the scale in a straight line as much as possible. The observation adopts a ruler platform with the weight of 5 kg, and the ruler platform is stabilized by pedal piles before the ruler is not placed.
6) The observation sequence and method of the measuring station adopts the own program of the instrument, which meets the requirements of the specification and design.
7) The forward test line or the return test line is an even number of stations.
2. Recording
1) The observation data is automatically stored in the electronic level, and the automatically recorded original data is transmitted to a microcomputer to automatically form an field observation file and then output through a printer.
2) In the observation process, the elements such as date, temperature, weather, wind force and the like are recorded according to the requirements.
3. Checking calculation
The second level each section observation height difference is corrected by true length per meter of the leveling staff, temperature correction of the staff and non-parallel correction of a normal level, and the leveling field height difference and outline Gao Chengbiao are compiled. The calculation formula for each correction is as follows:
the true length correction per meter of the measuring section height difference leveling staff is calculated as follows: delta=f×h
The ruler temperature correction calculation formula is as follows: alpha= (T-T) 0 )×α×h
The normal horizontal non-parallel correction is: epsilon = - (gamma) i+1 -γ i )×Hm/γm
γm＝(γ i +γ i+1 )/2-0.1543×Hm
γ＝978032×(1+0.005302sin 2 Φ-0.0000058sin 2 2Φ)
Wherein: f is true length per meter of the levelling rod (f=0.006 mm/m); t is the temperature of the scale, (. Degree.C.); t (T) 0 Identifying temperature for length of scale (T 0 =20℃). Alpha is the expansion coefficient of the scale due to the tile belt, alpha=0.0015 mm/(m·DEG C), gamma i 、γ i+1＝ Normal gravity values (10 on i-point and i+1-point ellipsoids, respectively -5 m/s 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Hm is the approximate elevation average (m) of the two leveling points; phi is the latitude of the level point; gamma m is the normal gravity average value (10) -5 m/s 2 )。
The second level of accuracy after correction is shown in Table 2
Table 2 equal level accuracy statistics table
The difference between the height differences from GII02 (II water 02) to GII05 (II water 05) obtained by the geographic height difference algorithm and the height difference from GII02 (II water 02) to GII05 (II water 05) obtained by the conventional method is 0.009 m, and the allowable value of the difference between the measured height differences is as follows
The allowable error calculated by (L is the route length) is +/-0.014 meters, which shows that the height difference from GII02 (II water 02) to GII05 (II water 05) completely meets the standard requirement by using a geographic height difference algorithm.
The embodiment of the application also provides a geographic altitude difference algorithm system, which comprises:
a first calculation module for calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point GII04-GIIO2 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GIIO6 ；
A second calculation module for calculating the height abnormalityRate of change alpha GII04-GIIO2 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GIIO6 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GIIO ；
A height difference module for determining the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation according to the earth height difference between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point GII02-GIIO5 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 。
The embodiment of the application further provides a computer device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method in any of the above embodiments.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any of the above embodiments.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the modules, such as the program and the terminal, implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by means of a computer program for instructing relevant hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and the computer program may include the flow of the embodiments of the methods as described above when executed. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory may include Read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, or the like. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RandomAccessMemory, RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration, and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as static random access memory (StaticRandomAccessMemory, SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DynamicRandomAccessMemory, DRAM), among others.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (9)
1. A geographic height difference algorithm for sequentially distributing a fourth measurement point, a second measurement point, a fifth measurement point, and a sixth measurement point along a first direction, the height difference algorithm for measuring a height difference between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point, the algorithm comprising:
calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point GII04-GII02 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GII06 ；
According to the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII04-GII02 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GII06 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GII05 ；
According to the difference of the ground heights of the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point, the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII02-GII05 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 ；
The step of verifying through ranging triangle elevation leveling measurement:
A. selection and layout of sites
1) Because the bridge has longer length, the cross-sea water quasi-measurement is performed by four times;
2) The arrangement of the observation patterns is carried out according to the established arrangement of the priority piers;
KH1 and KH2 are the upper landing points of 118# preferential piers, KH3, KH4, KH5 and KH6 are the upper landing points of 110# preferential piers and 80# preferential piers respectively, and KH7, KH8, KH9 and KH10 are the upper landing points of 47# and 46# pier working platforms respectively; GII02 and GII05 are the original second level points;
the lengths between KH3 and KH4 and KH5 and KH6 are arranged between 6.1m and 6.2m, and the offshore points of the sea-crossing ranging triangle elevation are all arranged between 6.1m and 6.2 m;
B. auxiliary point setting
KH1, KH2, KH3, KH4, KH5 and KH6 are all arranged on the priority pier, firstly, a round hole with the diameter of 1.8cm is drilled by impact drill, then a threaded reinforcing steel bar with the diameter of 2cm is driven in, then concrete is used for reinforcement, the top of the reinforcing steel bar is engraved with a cross, KH7, KH8 and KH10 are arranged on a working platform, and the setting method of the point positions is as follows: welding a reinforcing steel bar with the diameter of 2cm and the length of 10cm on a main beam of the platform, wherein a cross is carved on the top of the reinforcing steel bar, and KH9 utilizes three-class GPS points;
C. quasi-observation of cross-sea water
1) Observing by using two NET05 total stations for quasi-observation of cross sea water;
2) Placing the instrument under an open shadow for 30 minutes before observation, enabling the instrument to be consistent with the outside air temperature, and shielding sunlight by using an umbrella during observation;
3) After the observation of one measuring back is completed, the interval is 15-20 minutes, and then the observation of the next measuring back is carried out;
4) The elevation difference between two points of the bank is observed back and forth by a method of level measurement;
D. the number of times of the return and the limit difference are measured,
1) The measured back number and the group number of the ranging triangle elevation measurement observation,
2) The difference between the two measured heights should be smaller than the limit difference calculated by the following formula,
wherein: n-the number of double returns, S-the length of the line of sight across the sea, in km;
E. observation method
1) The height difference between the measuring stations of the bank is measured,
the ZDL700 electronic level is utilized, KH 1-KH 2, KH 3-KH 4, KH 5-KH 6, KH 7-KH 8 and KH 9-KH 10 are respectively used as a measuring station, the backward measurement is carried out according to the two-level measurement requirement, the maximum difference between the backward measurement and the forward measurement is 0.5mm, the number of the backward measurement is taken as the formal result of the height difference of the measuring station, and the formal result is taken as the reference for detecting and calculating the instrument height of the measuring station,
2) Distance measurement
The shore and sea crossing distance are measured by adopting a NET05-10302 total station instrument to observe back and forth a flat distance of 4, the temperature is read to 0.2 ℃, the air pressure is read to 50 Pa, the total station instrument is directly input to automatically correct the total station instrument, the reading of the total station instrument is poorer than or equal to 10mm, the middle of the total station instrument is poorer than or equal to 15mm, and the maximum value of the back and forth distance measurement is 1.54mm after various corrections;
3) Vertical angle observation
The error observed by each group of vertical angles is within the range of limited difference;
F. edge length correction and checking calculation
1) The calculation of the side length correction is performed,
the observation side length is corrected by adding and multiplying constants of the instrument, projected to a reference ellipsoid and calculated to a Gaussian plane;
2) Checking calculation
The maximum difference of the height difference of each double measuring back is 8.03mm; three independent closed loops are formed by the geodetic quadrangles, the closed differences are calculated by using the height differences of the edges in the same time period, and the stride precision is counted;
the final checking calculation of the sea water accurate measurement of the ranging triangular elevation is carried out simultaneously with 4 spans, the number of the height differences calculated by each measuring loop is adopted, the error of the observed height difference from KH5 to KH6 is larger in the checking calculation process, so that the error of the whole sea water accurate measurement exceeds the limit, the distance is removed in the checking calculation process, after the height differences from KH5 to KH6 are removed, the ring closure difference is 2.3mm at most, and the tolerance of +/-6.7 mm is allowed.
2. A geographic height difference algorithm for sequentially distributing a fourth measurement point, a second measurement point, a fifth measurement point, and a sixth measurement point along a first direction, the height difference algorithm for measuring a height difference between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point, the algorithm comprising:
calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point GII04-GII02 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GII06 ；
According to the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII04-GII02 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GII06 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GII05 ；
According to the difference of the ground heights of the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point, the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation GII02 - GII05 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 ；
Verifying by a level measurement method;
the elevation difference between the sea water level measurement starting point and the sea water level measurement measuring point is measured by a ZDL700 electronic level meter, and the connecting points KH1 to GII05 and KH9 to GII02 respectively form two closed rings;
A. field observation
1) The second level measurement uses a ZDL700 electronic level gauge and a bar code indium tile leveling staff for observation, adopts one-way one-time round trip observation, and arranges an observation route number and a measurement section sequence number according to a network layout diagram in design before observation;
2) When in observation, the air temperature is low, the sunlight is mild, and in the overcast days, the sunlight is not very strong before and after the middle noon, and the temperature difference change is not obvious, so that the staff gauge is clear in division and stable in imaging; the forward measurement and the backward measurement of the same measuring section are generally symmetrically performed in the morning or afternoon respectively; the total number of the asymmetrically observed stations is not more than 30% of the total number of the asymmetrically observed stations;
3) The front and rear viewing distance of the measuring station is generally controlled to be 5m to 10m on a trestle, the maximum is 15m, and the front and rear viewing distance of the measuring station is generally controlled to be about 30m on land; controlling the sight distance by using the rope pulling amount, controlling the sight distance difference of a single station to be 1.50 meters, and controlling the accumulated sight distance difference of the front and rear of any measuring station to be less than 6 meters;
4) During observation, checking the accuracy of the sight axis position once a day, and automatically correcting by using an instrument self-contained program;
5) The leveling observation is performed by enabling the instrument and the staff to be in a straight line as far as possible; the observation adopts a ruler table with the weight of 5 kg, and a pedal pile is used for stabilizing the ruler table before the ruler is put;
6) The observation sequence and method of the measuring station adopts the own program of the instrument, which meets the requirements of the specification and design book;
7) The forward test line or the return test line is an even number of stations;
B. recording
1) The observation data is automatically stored in the internal memory of the electronic level, and the automatically recorded original data is transmitted to a microcomputer and automatically formed into an field observation file and then output through a printer;
2) In the observation process, recording the date, temperature, weather, wind power and other factors according to the requirements;
C. checking calculation
The second level each section observation height difference is corrected by true length per meter of the leveling staff, staff temperature correction and normal level non-parallel correction, and the leveling field height difference and outline Gao Chengbiao are compiled;
the difference between the heights of the GII02 and the GII05 obtained by using a geographic height difference algorithm and the difference between the heights of the GII02 and the GII05 obtained by using a conventional method is 0.009 m, and the allowable value of the difference between the measured height differences is measured according to the second level
L is the length of the route, the calculated allowable error is +/-0.014 meters, and the geographic height difference algorithm is used for solving the height differences from GII02 to GII05 to completely meet the standard requirements.
3. The geographic elevation difference algorithm according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the calculating calculates an elevation anomaly rate of change α of the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point direction GII04-GII02 And the elevation of the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring pointAbnormal change rate alpha GII05-GII06 Comprises calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation by the following formula GII04-GII02 ：
α GII04-GII02 ＝(⊿H 1 -⊿H 2 )/S GII04-GII02 ；
Wherein S is GII04-GII02 Delta H1 is the difference in earth height from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point, delta H is the difference in earth height from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point 2 And the normal height difference from the fourth measuring point to the second measuring point is obtained.
4. A geographic elevation difference algorithm as claimed in claim 3, wherein said calculating an elevation anomaly rate of change α from said fourth measurement point to said second measurement point direction GII04-GII02 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GII06 Comprises calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation by GII05-GII06 ：
α GII05-GII06 ＝(⊿H 3 -⊿H 4 )/S GII05-GII06 ；
Wherein S is GII05-GII06 Delta H is the straight distance from the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement point 3 Delta H is the difference of the ground heights from the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement point 4 And the normal height difference from the fifth measurement point to the sixth measurement point.
5. The geographic elevation difference algorithm of claim 4, wherein the rate of change α is based on the elevation anomaly GII04-GII02 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GII06 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GII05 Comprising the following steps:
for the elevation anomaly rate of change alpha GII04-GII02 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GII06 Averaging to obtain the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GII05 。
6. The geographic elevation difference algorithm of claim 5, wherein the elevation anomaly rate of change α is based on a difference in earth elevation of the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point GII02-GII05 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point is used for obtaining the height difference delta H between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring point 6 In the above, the difference in elevation delta H between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point 6 Calculated by:
⊿H 6 ＝⊿H 5 -α GII02-GII05 ×S GII02-GII05 ；
wherein, the delta H 6 The normal height difference from the second measurement point to the fifth measurement point;
⊿H 5 the ground height difference from the second measurement point to the fifth measurement point;
α GII02-GII05 the abnormal change rate of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point;
S GII02-GII05 the distance between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point is the flat distance.
7. A system having a geographic elevation difference algorithm as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
a first calculation module for calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fourth measurement point to the second measurement point GII04-GII02 And the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the fifth measuring point to the sixth measuring point GII05-GII06 ；
A second calculation module for calculating the abnormal change rate alpha according to the elevation GII04-GII02 And the elevation abnormality change rate alpha GII05-GII06 Calculating the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation from the second measuring point to the fifth measuring point GII02-GII05 ；
A height difference module for determining the abnormal change rate alpha of the elevation according to the earth height difference between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point GII02 - GII05 And the flat distance between the second measuring point and the fifth measuring pointObtaining the difference delta H between the second measurement point and the fifth measurement point 6 。
8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the geographical elevation difference algorithm of any one of claims 1 to 5 when the computer program is executed.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the geographical elevation difference algorithm of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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