CN113586039A - Method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on distributed optical fiber - Google Patents

Method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on distributed optical fiber Download PDF

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CN113586039A
CN113586039A CN202110880706.1A CN202110880706A CN113586039A CN 113586039 A CN113586039 A CN 113586039A CN 202110880706 A CN202110880706 A CN 202110880706A CN 113586039 A CN113586039 A CN 113586039A
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overflow
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drilling
optical fiber
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张政
魏永奇
熊友明
刘理明
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Southwest Petroleum University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
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    • E21B47/103Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using thermal measurements

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Abstract

本发明属于石油天然气生产安全监控技术领域,涉及一种基于分布式光纤的实时监测溢流和漏失位置的方法,其包含以下步骤:通过分布式光纤采集井筒温度值,获得实际钻井过程中的井筒温度值;根据建立的环空内钻井液温度分布模型计算正常钻井工况下的环空内钻井液温度;分析实际温度数据与计算温度数据,准确判断溢流或漏失发生的时刻及具体位置,发出警报;本发明可以满足超深井、高腐蚀井、复杂地层的溢流和井漏实时监测需求,并可准确可靠找出钻井过程中溢流或井漏发生的具体位置,采用智能化监测报警流程实现无人值守情况下的实时自动监测,在溢流井漏发生时进行及时、准确的报警;方法容易实现,监测效果明显,可以很好解决钻井生产中的难题。

Figure 202110880706

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and natural gas production safety monitoring, and relates to a method for real-time monitoring of overflow and leakage positions based on distributed optical fibers. temperature value; calculate the temperature of the drilling fluid in the annulus under normal drilling conditions according to the established temperature distribution model of the drilling fluid in the annulus; analyze the actual temperature data and the calculated temperature data to accurately determine the time and specific location of overflow or leakage, The alarm is issued; the present invention can meet the real-time monitoring requirements of overflow and lost circulation in ultra-deep wells, high corrosion wells and complex formations, and can accurately and reliably find out the specific location of overflow or lost circulation in the drilling process, and adopts intelligent monitoring and alarming. The process realizes real-time automatic monitoring under unattended conditions, and gives timely and accurate alarms when overflow leakage occurs; the method is easy to implement, and the monitoring effect is obvious, which can well solve the problems in drilling and production.

Figure 202110880706

Description

Method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on distributed optical fiber
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas production safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on a distributed optical fiber.
Background
Overflow and leakage are common in petroleum and gas drilling operation, once stratum fluid is out of control, overflow can occur, normal drilling operation can not be performed in serious cases, and even ecological environment and underground resources can be seriously damaged; the occurrence of the leakage wastes a large amount of drilling fluid, and the drilling construction has to be interrupted when the leakage is serious, so that the drilling construction period is prolonged, and a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are wasted.
At present, two methods of ground monitoring and underground monitoring are mainly adopted at home and abroad to monitor overflow or leakage in the drilling process. The ground monitoring method is economical and practical, but both the drilling fluid pool liquid level monitoring method and the inlet and outlet flow monitoring method have the problems of delay of finding time of overflow or leakage, poor timeliness and accuracy and the like; although the underground monitoring method is timely, the problem of low monitoring precision caused by distortion of underground data in the transmission process generally exists at present; the method usually needs to stop drilling and then carry out special logging measurement when the position of overflow or loss is required to be determined, and the drilling tripping process and logging operation caused by the method have little influence on the construction progress and the construction cost of the whole drilling process.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on a distributed optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on a distributed optical fiber, which can effectively solve the problems of low monitoring precision, poor monitoring timeliness and accuracy and the like in the background technology and can find overflow or leakage in time in the drilling process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on distributed optical fibers utilizes a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system to monitor the temperature of drilling fluid returning upwards in an annulus in the drilling process in real time, and overflow lost circulation is found; the overflow well leakage monitoring and alarming system is used for comprehensively analyzing the temperature distribution data of the drilling fluid in the annulus in the actual drilling process of the distributed optical fiber temperature measuring system, timely judging whether overflow or well leakage occurs, giving out the specific well depth of the overflow or well leakage and giving out an alarm, and achieving the technical effect of monitoring the overflow and the well leakage in real time in the drilling process.
Further, distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system, including high power pulse semiconductor laser (1), fixed connection is at laser instrument drive power supply (2) of high power pulse semiconductor laser (1) end, and capillary (3) are fixed in the drilling rod outer wall, installs distributed sensing optical fiber (4) in capillary (3), and two-way fiber coupler (5), wavelength division multiplexer (6) and avalanche photodiode (7) are fixed in the well hole position, and signal processing device (8) erect in ground.
Further, the overflow well leakage monitoring and alarming system comprises a main control computer (9) and an alarming device (10).
The invention provides a method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on a distributed optical fiber, which is characterized in that a high-power pulse laser (1), a distributed sensing optical fiber (4), a bidirectional optical fiber coupler (5), a wavelength division multiplexer (6) and an avalanche photodiode (7) are used for monitoring drilling fluid in an annulus in real time in the drilling process, and a signal processing device (8) is used for converting collected photoelectric signals into temperature data of the drilling fluid in the annulus in real time and transmitting the temperature data to a main control computer (9); calculating the temperature of the drilling fluid in the annulus in the drilling process according to the established temperature distribution model of the drilling fluid in the annulus in the drilling process; through the real-time measurement collection of annular internal drilling fluid temperature and the calculation of establishing the model to well drilling in-process, carry out the comprehensive analysis contrast, in time judge whether overflow or lost circulation has taken place to find out the concrete position that overflow or lost circulation took place and send out the police dispatch newspaper, reach and carry out real-time supervision's purpose to overflow and lost circulation in the well drilling process.
The processing flow of the method for monitoring the positions of overflow and leakage in real time based on the distributed optical fiber is as follows:
before drilling begins, the system is initialized, the main control computer sends out an excitation instruction to the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system, and the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system carries out self-inspection.
After a system is electrified and initialized, a high-power pulse semiconductor laser (1) emits pulse light with constant frequency, the pulse light synchronously emits pulse driving signal processing devices (8), the pulse light enters a distributed sensing optical fiber (4) fixed beside a drill rod through a bidirectional optical fiber coupler (5) and a wavelength division multiplexer (6), the pulse light generates Raman scattering on the distributed sensing optical fiber (4), back scattering light returns to the wavelength division multiplexer (6), the wavelength division multiplexer (6) filters scattering light with other wavelengths, a stokes optical signal and an Anti-stokes optical signal are sent into an avalanche photodiode (7) to be converted into a voltage signal, and then the voltage signal is converted into temperature data of drilling fluid in an annulus through the signal processing devices (8) and is uploaded to a main control computer (9).
If the signal processing device (8) fails to upload data for N times continuously, the situation that the current devices such as the distributed sensing optical fiber (4), the bidirectional optical fiber coupler (5), the wavelength division multiplexer (6), the avalanche photodiode (7) and the like are possibly in fault or the connection between the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system and the main control computer (9) is possibly in fault is indicated, and at the moment, the alarm device is triggered to alarm; wherein N is an integer, and the value is not less than 5, preferably 5 or 6 or 7.
Calculating the temperature T of the drilling fluid in the annulus under the normal drilling working condition according to the temperature distribution model of the drilling fluid in the annulus in the drilling processMeterThe temperature T of the drilling fluid in the annulus in the drilling process is measured by a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement systemMeasuring;ΔT=TMeasuring-TMeterΔ T represents the difference between the measured temperature and the calculated temperature; comparing the measured temperature with the temperature calculated at the same time, and if the delta T is continuously greater than a preset threshold value X for A times1When the overflow occurs at the bottom of the well or the equipment fails in the drilling process, the ground alarm equipment gives an alarm; if the well depth position delta T suddenly increases, the continuous time B is greater than a preset threshold value X2And when the overflow occurs at the well depth or the equipment is in failure in the drilling process, the ground alarm equipment gives an alarm. Wherein A, B are integers, and the values are not less than 10.
When the difference value delta T between the actually measured temperature and the calculated temperature at the same moment is less than the preset threshold value Y for C times1When the well leakage or equipment failure occurs at the bottom of the well in the drilling process, the ground alarm equipment gives an alarm; if the well depth position delta T suddenly drops, the number of continuous D times is less than the preset threshold value Y2Indicating that a lost circulation occurred at the well depth during drilling orWhen the equipment fails, the ground alarm equipment gives an alarm. Wherein C, D are integers, and the values are not less than 10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages.
The invention establishes a perfect and reliable accident model in the drilling process, takes the two conditions of the overflow and the lost circulation occurring at the well bottom or a specific well depth into consideration in the real-time monitoring of the overflow and the lost circulation, carries out perfect identification and storage on the temperature distribution data in the drilling process, and ensures the real-time monitoring of the overflow and the lost circulation alarming in the drilling process to be timely and reliable.
The distributed sensing optical fiber adopted by the invention is uncharged, corrosion-resistant and high-pressure-resistant, and can safely operate for a long time in a harmful environment in the underground, and the distributed sensing optical fiber is arranged in the capillary steel pipe and fixed beside the drill rod without moving back and forth in a detection area, so that the temperature balance state in the well can be ensured not to be influenced, and the temperature distribution data of the drilling fluid in the annulus at any depth in the well can be obtained more timely and accurately.
The main control computer of the invention adopts an intelligent monitoring alarm process, has reasonable design of an accident judgment and alarm control process, can stably carry out real-time automatic monitoring in the drilling process under the unattended condition, and can carry out timely and accurate alarm when the overflow well leakage occurs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a hardware device of a real-time monitoring system corresponding to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the real-time monitoring and alarming of overflow and lost circulation in the drilling process of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a high power pulsed semiconductor laser; 2. a laser drive power supply; 3. a capillary tube; 4. a distributed sensing optical fiber; 5. a bidirectional fiber coupler; 6. a wavelength division multiplexer; 7. an avalanche photodiode; 8. a signal processing device; 9. a main control computer; 10. and (5) an alarm device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the achievement of the purpose, technical means, creation features and advantages of the invention simple and clear, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and that all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without resorting to the details of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a hardware device of a real-time monitoring system corresponding to the method.
The field device comprises a high-power pulse semiconductor laser (1) arranged at a wellhead, a laser driving power supply (2) fixedly connected to the tail end of the high-power pulse semiconductor laser (1), a capillary tube (3) fixed on the outer wall of a drill rod, and a distributed sensing optical fiber (4), a bidirectional optical fiber coupler (5) fixed at the position of a borehole, a wavelength division multiplexer (6) and an avalanche photodiode (7) which are arranged in the capillary tube (3).
The signal processing device (8) located at a remote place is connected with a main control computer (9) through a data line. After the data measured by the distributed sensing optical fiber are transmitted to the main control computer (9), the main control computer (9) carries out corresponding data processing and analysis comparison, timely judges whether overflow or well leakage occurs or not, and finds out the specific position where the overflow or well leakage occurs and gives an alarm if an accident occurs.
The alarm device (10) is connected with the main control computer (9) and receives an alarm instruction sent by the main control computer (9) in real time to alarm.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on distributed optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: the system is initialized, an initial state is obtained, the main control computer automatically establishes contact with the field hardware equipment, whether the hardware equipment is normally connected or not is checked, and if the connection with any equipment fails, the system sends an equipment alarm instruction.
And if the equipment is successfully connected, the main control computer sends an excitation instruction to the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system to excite the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system to start working and to start receiving annular drilling fluid temperature distribution data from the field distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system.
When the master control computer analyzes and processes the signalsAfter the uploaded data packet is put, the actual temperature T of the drilling fluid in the annulus in the drilling process is obtainedMeasuringAnd whether the current drilling process has overflow or lost circulation is judged by analysis, and if the current drilling process has overflow or lost circulation, the main control computer sends an alarm instruction to the alarm equipment in time to give an alarm. The method comprises the following specific steps:
if the data uploading of the signal processing device fails for N times, the device is indicated to be possibly failed by the current distributed sensing optical fiber, the wavelength division multiplexer, the avalanche photodiode and other devices or the connection between the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system and the main control computer, and at the moment, the alarm device is excited to alarm. Wherein N is an integer, and the value is not less than 5, preferably 5 or 6 or 7.
According to the method, a model is established through parameters such as the density of the drilling fluid, the specific heat coefficient, the heat conductivity coefficient and the axial flow velocity of the drilling fluid in the annulus, so that the temperature data of the drilling fluid in the annulus is obtained; in the field practical application, the actual calculated temperature is set as TMeterThe heat transfer model of the drilling fluid in the annulus is as follows:
Figure BDA0003192174620000051
in the formula:
rho-drilling fluid density, kg/m3
c-specific heat coefficient, J/(kg. DEG C.);
s-heat source term, W/m3
λ -thermal conductivity, W/(m.deg.C);
v-axial flow velocity of drilling fluid in the annulus, m/s;
Tmeter-annulus drilling fluid calculated temperature, deg.C.
Calculating the temperature T of the drilling fluid in the annulus according to the temperature distribution model of the drilling fluid in the annulus established by the inventionMeterAnd measuring the temperature T of the drilling fluid in the annulus in real timeMeasuringBy comparison, if TMeasuringAnd TMeterIs greater than a preset threshold value X for a consecutive number A of times1The alarm device on the ground sends out an alarm signal to indicate that the well bottom overflows or the equipment fails in the drilling processAn alarm is given; if the well depth position delta T suddenly increases, the continuous time B is greater than a preset threshold value X2And when the overflow occurs at the well depth or the equipment is in failure in the drilling process, the ground alarm equipment gives an alarm. Wherein A, B are integers, and the values are not less than 10.
When the temperature T of the drilling fluid in the annulus is measuredMeasuringWith calculation of the temperature T at the same timeMeterIs less than a preset threshold value Y for C consecutive times1When the well leakage or equipment failure occurs at the bottom of the well in the drilling process, the ground alarm equipment gives an alarm; if the well depth position delta T suddenly drops, the number of continuous D times is less than the preset threshold value Y2And when the well leakage or equipment failure occurs at the well depth in the drilling process, the ground alarm equipment gives an alarm. Wherein C, D are integers, and the values are not less than 10.
The overflow well leakage monitoring and alarming system can draw dynamic distribution images of temperature in the annulus calculated and actually measured by software in the drilling process in real time, and accurately judge the positions of overflow and well leakage in the drilling process in real time, so that monitoring personnel can monitor the conditions in the well in the drilling process more intuitively and conveniently. The main control computer can automatically read, store and analyze temperature data without manual intervention, and can timely and accurately give an alarm when overflow and lost circulation occur.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, but various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种基于分布式光纤的实时监测溢流和漏失位置的方法,其特征在于:在钻井现场部署有分布式光纤测温系统和溢流井漏监测报警系统;分布式光纤测温系统对钻井过程中环空内上返的钻井液温度进行实时监测,发现溢流井漏;溢流井漏监测报警系统对分布式光纤测温系统所得实际钻井过程中环空内钻井液温度分布数据进行综合分析,及时判断是否发生了溢流或井漏,给出溢流或井漏发生的具体井深并发出警报。1. a method for real-time monitoring overflow and leakage position based on distributed optical fiber, is characterized in that: distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system and overflow leak monitoring and alarm system are deployed on drilling site; During the drilling process, the temperature of the drilling fluid returning in the annulus is monitored in real time, and overflow leakage is found; the overflow leakage monitoring and alarm system comprehensively analyzes the temperature distribution data of the drilling fluid in the annulus during the actual drilling process obtained by the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system , timely judge whether overflow or lost circulation occurs, give the specific well depth of overflow or lost circulation, and issue an alarm. 2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述分布式光纤测温系统,包括高功率脉冲半导体激光器(1),固定连接在高功率脉冲半导体激光器(1)末端的激光器驱动电源(2),毛细管(3)固定于钻杆外壁,毛细管(3)内安装有分布式传感光纤(4),双向光纤耦合器(5)、波分复用器(6)及雪崩光电二极管(7)固定在井眼位置,信号处理装置(8)架设在地面。2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system comprises a high-power pulsed semiconductor laser (1), and a laser drive power supply that is fixedly connected to the end of the high-power pulsed semiconductor laser (1) (2), the capillary (3) is fixed on the outer wall of the drill pipe, and the distributed sensing optical fiber (4), the bidirectional optical fiber coupler (5), the wavelength division multiplexer (6) and the avalanche photodiode are installed in the capillary (3) (7) is fixed at the wellbore position, and the signal processing device (8) is erected on the ground. 3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述溢流井漏监测报警系统,包括主控计算机(9)和报警设备(10)。3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the overflow monitoring and alarm system for lost circulation comprises a main control computer (9) and an alarm device (10). 4.一种基于分布式光纤的实时监测溢流和漏失位置的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:4. A method for monitoring overflow and leakage locations in real time based on distributed optical fibers, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 通过分布式光纤采集井筒温度值,获得实际钻井过程中的井筒温度值;The wellbore temperature value is collected by distributed optical fiber to obtain the wellbore temperature value during the actual drilling process; 根据建立的环空内钻井液温度分布模型计算正常钻井工况下的环空内钻井液温度;Calculate the temperature of the drilling fluid in the annulus under normal drilling conditions according to the established temperature distribution model of the drilling fluid in the annulus; 分析实际温度数据与计算温度数据,准确判断溢流或漏失发生的时刻及具体位置,发出警报。Analyze actual temperature data and calculated temperature data, accurately determine the time and specific location of overflow or leakage, and issue an alarm. 5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于:所述通过分布式光纤采集井筒温度值,获得实际钻井过程中的井筒温度值的方法具体为:系统初始化后,高功率脉冲激光器(1)发出脉宽及频率恒定的脉冲光,并发出同步脉冲驱动信号处理装置(8),脉冲光经过双向光纤耦合器(5)和波分复用器(6)进入固定在钻杆旁的分布式传感光纤(4),与其分子碰撞产生拉曼散射,其中的背向散射光返回至波分复用器(6),波分复用器(6)将其余波长的散射光滤除,将stokes和Anti-stokes送入雪崩光电二极管(7)中转换成电压信号,而后经信号处理装置(8)转化为环空内钻井液温度数据上传至主控计算机(9)。5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the method for obtaining the wellbore temperature value in the actual drilling process by collecting the wellbore temperature value through the distributed optical fiber is specifically: after the system is initialized, the high-power pulsed laser (1 ) sends out pulsed light with constant pulse width and frequency, and sends out synchronous pulses to drive the signal processing device (8). type sensing fiber (4), collides with its molecules to generate Raman scattering, the backscattered light in it returns to the wavelength division multiplexer (6), and the wavelength division multiplexer (6) filters out the scattered light of the remaining wavelengths, The stokes and anti-stokes are sent into the avalanche photodiode (7) and converted into voltage signals, and then converted into the temperature data of drilling fluid in the annulus by the signal processing device (8) and uploaded to the main control computer (9). 6.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于:所述计算正常钻井工况下的环空内钻井液温度的环空内钻井液温度分布模型为:6. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the temperature distribution model of the drilling fluid in the annulus for calculating the temperature of the drilling fluid in the annulus under normal drilling conditions is:
Figure FDA0003192174610000011
Figure FDA0003192174610000011
式中:where: ρ—钻井液密度,kg/m3ρ—drilling fluid density, kg/m 3 ; c—比热系数,J/(kg·℃);c—specific heat coefficient, J/(kg·℃); S—热源项,W/m3S—heat source item, W/m 3 ; λ—导热系数,W/(m·℃);λ—thermal conductivity, W/(m·℃); v—环空内钻井液轴向流速,m/s;v—axial velocity of drilling fluid in the annulus, m/s; T—环空内钻井液计算温度,℃。T meter —calculated temperature of drilling fluid in the annulus, °C.
7.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于:所述通过主控计算机对比分析实际温度数据与计算温度数据,准确判断溢流发生的时刻及具体位置的方法具体为:将分布式光纤测温系统实测温度与同一时刻温度分布模型计算温度比较,若ΔT连续A次大于事先设定的阈值X1,说明钻井过程中井底发生溢流或是设备出现故障,地面报警设备发出警报;若某一处井深位置ΔT发生突增,连续B次大于事先设定的阈值X2,说明钻井过程中在该井深处发生溢流或是设备出现故障,地面报警设备发出警报。7. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the described method of comparing and analyzing actual temperature data and calculated temperature data by main control computer, and accurately judging the time when overflow occurs and the specific position are specifically: The temperature measured by the temperature measurement system is compared with the temperature calculated by the temperature distribution model at the same time. If ΔT is greater than the preset threshold X 1 for A consecutive time, it means that the bottom hole overflows or the equipment fails during the drilling process, and the ground alarm equipment issues an alarm; The sudden increase of ΔT at a certain well depth is greater than the preset threshold X 2 for B consecutive times, indicating that overflow or equipment failure occurs at the depth of the well during drilling, and the ground alarm equipment issues an alarm. 8.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于:所述通过主控计算机对比分析实际温度数据与计算温度数据,准确判断漏失发生的时刻及具体位置的方法具体为:将分布式光纤测温系统实测温度与同一时刻温度分布模型计算温度比较,当实测温度与同一时刻计算温度的差值ΔT连续C次小于事先设定的阈值Y1,说明钻井过程中井底发生井漏或是设备出现故障,地面报警设备发出警报;若某一处井深位置ΔT发生突降,连续D次小于事先设定的阈值Y2,说明钻井过程中在该井深处发生井漏或是设备出现故障,地面报警设备发出警报。8. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described by the main control computer comparative analysis actual temperature data and calculated temperature data, the method for accurately judging the moment when the leakage occurs and the specific position is specifically: measuring the distributed optical fiber. The measured temperature of the temperature system is compared with the temperature calculated by the temperature distribution model at the same time. When the difference ΔT between the measured temperature and the calculated temperature at the same time is less than the pre-set threshold Y 1 for C consecutive times, it means that there is a loss of circulation at the bottom of the well or equipment failure during the drilling process. If there is a fault, the ground alarm equipment will issue an alarm; if a certain well depth position ΔT has a sudden drop and is less than the pre-set threshold Y 2 for D consecutive times, it means that there is a loss of circulation or equipment failure at the depth of the well during the drilling process, and the ground alarm The device sounds an alarm.
CN202110880706.1A 2021-08-02 2021-08-02 Method for monitoring overflow and leakage positions in real time based on distributed optical fiber Withdrawn CN113586039A (en)

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