CN113585537B - 一种室内隔音墙施工方法 - Google Patents
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- E04B2/7403—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using panels without a frame or supporting posts, with or without upper or lower edge locating rails with special measures for sound or thermal insulation including fire protection
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Abstract
本发明涉及室内建筑施工领域,具体公开了一种室内隔音墙施工方法,包括以下步骤:步骤1),安装两层竖直设置的隔音板,两层隔音板之间留有间距;步骤2),在两层隔音板之间填充吸音材料,两层隔音板与吸音材料组合形成隔音模块;步骤3),涂刷水泥砂浆以包裹隔音模块,养护后形成厚度为5‑8mm的砂浆层;步骤4),在砂浆层上涂覆腻子层;水泥砂浆包括以下质量份数的组分:水泥100份;水30.5‑40份;砂348‑350份;粉煤灰8.5‑9份;溴化钠0.5‑0.8份;溴化钾0.6‑0.9份。本发明具有减少对室内空间的占用的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及室内建筑施工领域,尤其是涉及一种室内隔音墙施工方法。
背景技术
建筑是人们生活的地方,随着科技的进步,人们对生活品质的要求也越来越高,对于个人私密空间的需求也越来越大,具有隔音效果的室内空间可以很好地满足人们对私密空间的需求,一般建筑中若想建立隔音效果良好的室内空间,通常会采用室内隔音墙来建设房间,从而使得房间内外的声音难以传递,形成隔音效果良好的室内空间。
一般的隔音墙可通过加入厚重钢板、填充吸音材料、加厚混凝土墙体厚度等方式实现隔音或吸音,然而不管是何种方式,基于声音传播的原理,想要使隔音效果越好,只能使隔音模块的厚度加大,然而虽然室内墙体的承重要求不高,但是基于人们生活需求,可能需要在墙体上挂上一些产品,如顶柜、空调、电视等,因此即便是室内墙体无需参与支撑楼梯的重量,但是也需要满足一定的强度,因此使得墙体承重部分也需要有一定的厚度,从而使得室内隔音墙至少要包括承重模块以及吸音或隔音模块,要保障较好的承重能力以及较好的隔音效果,总厚度加起来就会使得室内隔音墙的厚度较大,从而减少了室内可用空间,因此,还有改善空间。
发明内容
为了减少对室内空间的占用,本申请提供一种室内隔音墙施工方法。
本申请提供的一种室内隔音墙施工方法采用如下的技术方案:
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1),安装两层竖直设置的隔音板,两层隔音板之间留有间距;
步骤2),在两层隔音板之间填充吸音材料,两层隔音板与吸音材料组合形成隔音模块;
步骤3),涂刷水泥砂浆以包裹隔音模块,养护后形成厚度为5-8mm的砂浆层;
步骤4),在砂浆层上涂覆腻子层;
所述水泥砂浆包括以下质量份数的组分:
水泥 100份;
水 30.5-40份;
砂 348-350份;
粉煤灰 8.5-9份;
溴化钠 0.5-0.8份;
溴化钾 0.6-0.9份。
优选的,所述水泥砂浆包括以下质量份数的组分:
水泥 100份;
水 30.6-30.8份;
砂 348.5-349份;
粉煤灰 8.6-8.8份;
溴化钠 0.6-0.7份;
溴化钾 0.7-0.8份。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过在水泥砂浆中加入溴化钠、溴化钾,使得水泥砂浆形成的砂浆层抗压、抗裂性能都较高,使得砂浆层厚度为5-8mm即可提供足够的承重能力,使得墙体内部有大量空间用于填充吸音材料,并且配合隔音板,使得隔音墙的隔音效果较佳,且墙体厚度较薄,对室内空间占用较少,有效增加室内空间利用率。
对此,发明人猜测,溴化钠、溴化钾的加入,会使得水泥砂浆体系中引入足量的溴离子,溴离子的存在,会使得氢氧化钙在析出结晶时,更容易形成簇状结晶,而减少片状结晶的数量,使得氢氧化钙晶体的强度较高,由于氢氧化钙晶体富集在骨料与水泥石的界面处,提高了氢氧化钙晶体的强度,就使得骨料与水泥石界面处不易形成薄弱点,从而提高了砂浆层的抗压、抗裂性能,从而可以减少砂浆层的厚度并保持足够的承重性能。
通过在隔音板之间填充吸音材料,方便涂刷水泥砂浆,而且通过隔音板阻隔,使得水泥砂浆不易浸入吸音材料中,减少大量封堵吸音材料的孔洞的情况,保证吸音材料的吸音效果较佳。
优选的,所述水泥砂浆包括以下质量份数的组分:
玻璃纤维 0.8-1.2份。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过加入玻璃纤维,进一步提高砂浆层的抗裂性能,使得砂浆层虽薄,但其不易开裂,持久保持承重效果,使得隔音墙质量较佳。
优选的,所述隔音板的厚度为3-5mm。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过控制隔音板的厚度为3-5mm,占用空间较少,为其中的吸音材料留下更多空间,以使吸音材料吸音的效果更佳,隔音墙的隔音效果更好。
优选的,所述隔音板由以下质量份数的组分制成:
聚苯乙烯 100份;
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 40-42份;
醋酸丙酸纤维素 20-22份;
抗氧剂 0.5-0.8份。
优选的,所述隔音板由以下质量份数的组分制成:
聚苯乙烯 100份;
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 40.5-41份;
醋酸丙酸纤维素 20.5-21份;
抗氧剂 0.6-0.7份。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素配合,制得 的隔音板抗拉、抗冲击的性能都较好,且隔音板与砂浆层贴合,能对砂浆层起到补强的作用,使得砂浆层不易折断,结构更为稳定,而且聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素配合后,可能由于分子链的特殊分布方式,使得隔音板虽薄,但是隔音效果非常好,能进一步提高隔音墙的隔音效果,使得隔音墙质量更佳。
优选的,所述步骤1)中,两层隔音板相互平行。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过两层隔音板相互平行,使得隔音材料厚度均匀,隔音效果较为均匀,从而使得隔音墙的质量较好。
优选的,所述步骤1)中,两层隔音板之间的垂直距离为90-100mm。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过隔音板之间的垂直距离为90-100mm,使得隔音材料厚度较大,隔音效果较佳,且整体墙体厚度较薄,对室内空间占用较少,提高室内空间的利用率,同时获得较好的隔音效果,隔音墙的质量较佳。
综上所述,本申请具有以下有益效果:
1、由于本申请通过在水泥砂浆中加入溴化钠、溴化钾,使得水泥砂浆形成的砂浆层抗压、抗裂性能都较高,使得砂浆层厚度为5-8mm即可提供足够的承重能力,使得墙体内部有大量空间用于填充吸音材料,并且配合隔音板,使得隔音墙的隔音效果较佳,且墙体厚度较薄,对室内空间占用较少,有效增加室内空间利用率。
2、本申请中优选通过加入玻璃纤维,进一步提高砂浆层的抗裂性能,使得砂浆层虽薄,但其不易开裂,持久保持承重效果,使得隔音墙质量较佳。
3、本申请中优选通过聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素配合,值得的隔音板抗拉、抗冲击的性能都较好,且隔音板与砂浆层贴合,能对砂浆层起到补强的作用,使得砂浆层不易折断,结构更为稳定,而且聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素配合后,可能由于分子链的特殊分布方式,使得隔音板虽薄,但是隔音效果非常好,能进一步提高隔音墙的隔音效果,使得隔音墙质量更佳。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
以下制备例、对比制备例、实施例中所用原料的来源信息详见表1。
表1
制备例1-5
一种水泥砂浆,包括以下组分:
水泥、水、砂、粉煤灰、溴化钠、溴化钾。
制备例1-5中,各组分的具体投入量(单位Kg),详见表2。
表2
制备例1 | 制备例2 | 制备例3 | 制备例4 | 制备例5 | |
水泥 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
水 | 30.5 | 30.6 | 30.8 | 40 | 30.7 |
砂 | 348 | 348.5 | 349 | 350 | 348.8 |
粉煤灰 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.8 | 9 | 8.7 |
溴化钠 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.66 |
溴化钾 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.77 |
制备例1-5中,水泥砂浆的制备方法如下:
将水泥、水、粉煤灰、溴化钠、溴化钾投入搅拌釜中,转速80r/min,搅拌 10min,投入砂,转速60r/min,搅拌10min,获得水泥砂浆。
制备例6-8
一种水泥砂浆,还包括以下组分:
玻璃纤维。
制备例6-8中,玻璃纤维的具体投入量(单位Kg),详见表3。
表3
制备例6 | 制备例7 | 制备例8 | |
玻璃纤维 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1 |
制备例6-8中,玻璃纤维与水泥、水、粉煤灰、溴化钠、溴化钾一起投入搅拌釜中搅拌均匀。
对比制备例1
一种水泥砂浆,与制备例5相比,区别仅在于:
采用砂等量代替溴化钠、溴化钾。
对比制备例2
一种水泥砂浆,与制备例5相比,区别仅在于:
采用砂等量代替溴化钾。
对比制备例3
一种水泥砂浆,与制备例5相比,区别仅在于:
采用砂等量代替溴化钠。
制备例9-13
一种隔音板,包括以下组分:
聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素、抗氧剂。
制备例9-13中,各原料的具体投入量(单位Kg)详见表4。
表4
制备例9-13中,隔音板的制备方法如下:
将聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素、抗氧剂投入搅拌釜中,转速120r/min,搅拌3min,获得混合母料,将混合母料投入挤出机中,挤出温度为280℃,通过挤出机挤出至模具中,冷却脱模获得隔音板。
对比制备例4
一种隔音板,与制备例13相比,区别仅在于:
采用聚苯乙烯等量替换聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素。
对比制备例5
一种隔音板,与制备例13相比,区别仅在于:
采用聚苯乙烯等量替换醋酸丙酸纤维素。
对比制备例6
一种隔音板,与制备例13相比,区别仅在于:
采用聚苯乙烯等量替换聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
实施例1
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1),在隔音板朝向地板和顶板的侧边涂刷水泥砂浆,通过支架支撑固定隔音板,隔音板竖直设置,隔音板共安装两层,隔音板与设计中墙体的墙面平行,两层隔音板之间留有间距,两层隔音板之间的垂直距离为90mm,隔音板的厚度为5mm,安装隔音板后,静置24h。
步骤2),在两层隔音板之间填充吸音棉,吸音棉填满隔音板之间形成的空间,两层隔音板与吸音组合形成隔音模块。
步骤3),在隔音模块表面涂刷水泥砂浆,通过水泥砂浆包裹隔音模块,养护7d,形成砂浆层,砂浆层厚度为8mm。
步骤4),在砂浆层上分三次涂覆腻子层,以形成三层腻子层,即制得室内隔音墙。
本实施例中,水泥砂浆采用制备例1的水泥砂浆。
本实施例中,隔音板采用制备例9的隔音板。
实施例2
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于:
步骤1)中,两层隔音板之间的垂直距离为100mm,隔音板的厚度为3mm。
步骤3)中,砂浆层厚度为5mm。
实施例3
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于:
本实施例中,水泥砂浆采用制备例2的水泥砂浆。
本实施例中,隔音板采用制备例10的隔音板。
实施例4
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于:
本实施例中,水泥砂浆采用制备例3的水泥砂浆。
本实施例中,隔音板采用制备例11的隔音板。
实施例5
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于:
本实施例中,水泥砂浆采用制备例4的水泥砂浆。
本实施例中,隔音板采用制备例12的隔音板。
实施例6
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于:
本实施例中,水泥砂浆采用制备例5的水泥砂浆。
本实施例中,隔音板采用制备例13的隔音板。
实施例7
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于:
本实施例中,水泥砂浆采用制备例6的水泥砂浆。
本实施例中,隔音板采用制备例13的隔音板。
实施例8
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于:
本实施例中,水泥砂浆采用制备例7的水泥砂浆。
本实施例中,隔音板采用制备例13的隔音板。
实施例9
一种室内隔音墙施工方法,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于:
本实施例中,水泥砂浆采用制备例8的水泥砂浆。
本实施例中,隔音板采用制备例13的隔音板。
实验1
根据《普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准GB/T50081-2016》,检测制备例1-8、对比制备例1-3的水泥砂浆制成的试样的7d抗压强度、28d抗压强度、28d 劈裂抗拉强度。
实验2
根据GBT1040-2006《塑料拉伸性能的测定》,检测制备例9-13、对比制备例4-6的混合母料制成的塑料试样的拉伸强度。
实验3
根据GBT1843-2008《塑料悬臂梁冲击强度的测定》,检测制备例9-13、对比制备例4-6的混合母料制成的塑料试样的悬臂梁冲击强度(缺口)。
实验4
采用制备例9-13、对比制备例4-6的隔音板,隔音板厚度为3mm,通过裁剪、热熔贴合,制成尺寸为长10cm、宽10cm、高10cm的方形盒子,盒子其中一面开口,将音源放置在桌上,将盒子倒扣在桌上并覆盖住音源,音源位于盒子中央,在距离盒子1m处检测音量强度(单位分贝),音源输出固定音量为100 分贝。
实验1的具体检测数据详见表5。
实验2-4的具体检测数据详见表6。
表5
根据表5中,制备例5与对比制备例1-3的数据对比可得,在水泥砂浆中同时加入溴化钠、溴化钾,能有效提高制成的试样的抗压强度以及劈裂抗拉强度,且劈裂抗拉强度的提升幅度较大,可见,同时加入溴化钠、溴化钾,可有效提高砂浆层的抗压、抗裂性能,使得砂浆层较薄的状态下,仍然能满足承重以及稳定性所需,留出更多空间用以填充吸音材料使得隔音墙体在较薄的厚度下,获得较好的隔音效果,有效释放室内空间。
表6
根据表6中制备例13与对比制备例4-6的数据对比可得,聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素共混后获得的复合材料制成的试样的抗拉强度、悬臂梁冲击强度均有所提高且测得的音量强度有所下降,使得制成的隔音板物理性能更强,能更好地补强砂浆层,使得制成的隔音墙结构稳定,承重效果较佳,而且隔音效果更好,使得制成的隔音墙具有更好的隔音效果,更好地配合砂浆层,使得隔音墙体较薄同时具有较佳的隔音效果,更好地释放室内空间。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释,其并不是对本申请的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (6)
1.一种室内隔音墙施工方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤1),安装两层竖直设置的隔音板,两层隔音板之间留有间距;
步骤2),在两层隔音板之间填充吸音材料,两层隔音板与吸音材料组合形成隔音模块;
步骤3),涂刷水泥砂浆以包裹隔音模块,养护后形成厚度为5-8mm的砂浆层;
步骤4),在砂浆层上涂覆腻子层;
所述水泥砂浆包括以下质量份数的组分:
水泥100份;
水30.5-40份;
砂348-350份;
粉煤灰8.5-9份;
溴化钠0.5-0.8份;
溴化钾0.6-0.9份;
所述隔音板的厚度为3-5mm;
所述隔音板由以下质量份数的组分制成:
聚苯乙烯100份;
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯40-42份;
醋酸丙酸纤维素20-22份;
抗氧剂0.5-0.8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种室内隔音墙施工方法,其特征在于:所述水泥砂浆包括以下质量份数的组分:
水泥100份;
水30.6-30.8份;
砂348.5-349份;
粉煤灰8.6-8.8份;
溴化钠0.6-0.7份;
溴化钾0.7-0.8份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种室内隔音墙施工方法,其特征在于:所述水泥砂浆包括以下质量份数的组分:
玻璃纤维0.8-1.2份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种室内隔音墙施工方法,其特征在于:所述隔音板由以下质量份数的组分制成:
聚苯乙烯100份;
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯40.5-41份;
醋酸丙酸纤维素20.5-21份;
抗氧剂0.6-0.7份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种室内隔音墙施工方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,两层隔音板相互平行。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种室内隔音墙施工方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,两层隔音板之间的垂直距离为90-100mm。
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