Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stereoscopic horizontal subsurface flow ecological landscape constructed wetland system so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the ecological landscape artificial wetland system comprises an ecological pond and a horizontal subsurface flow wetland, wherein a sewage inlet is formed in a dam on one side of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland, a purified water outlet is formed in a dam on the other side of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland, which is symmetrical, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland is used for purifying sewage, the sewage flowing into the sewage inlet flows into the purified water outlet after being purified, the purified water outlet is connected with a water level lifting assembly, and the water level lifting assembly is used for pumping purified water into the ecological pond;
the ecological pond is internally provided with an anti-blocking assembly, the anti-blocking assembly is internally connected with an aerobic spraying mechanism positioned outside the ecological pond, and the aerobic spraying mechanism is used for extracting liquid, sludge and excrement mixture in the anti-blocking assembly and spraying the liquid, sludge and excrement mixture into the ecological pond in a rotary swinging mode.
Further, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland comprises a water-proof layer, a matrix layer, a plant frame, emergent aquatic plants and a wetland pool, wherein the water-proof layer is paved on the surface of the wetland pool and is used for avoiding liquid permeation, four sides of the plant frame are connected with four sides of the wetland pool, a purification channel is formed between the plant frame and the water-proof layer, the matrix layer is arranged in the purification channel between the plant frame and the water-proof layer in a spaced manner, the emergent aquatic plants are fixed on the plant frame, root hairs of the emergent aquatic plants are inserted into the matrix layer, and two ends of the purification channel are respectively communicated with a sewage inlet and a purified water outlet.
Further, the water level lifting assembly comprises a base, a pump body, a main pipe, branch pipes and a shell, wherein the base, the pump body, the main pipe and the shell are arranged in the shell, the pump body is arranged on the base and fixed, the input end of the pump body is connected with the main pipe, the water pipe connected with the output end of the pump body penetrates into the ecological pond, the branch pipes are distributed on the main pipe at equal intervals, and the ports of the branch pipes are inserted into the purified water outlets.
Further, prevent blockking up subassembly includes outer frame, aquatic plant, filter screen and pillar, and four terminal angles of outer frame are fixed with the pillar, and the pillar is pour at the pond bottom of ecological pond, and aquatic plant is planted on the outer frame, and the opening that outer frame and pillar formed is sealed to the filter screen.
Further, the aerobic spraying mechanism comprises a tank body, a pumping pipe, a middle pipe, a rotating assembly, an air inlet pipe, a spraying assembly and a motor, wherein the bottom surface of the motor is connected with a supporting plate, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the side surface of the tank body, the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed on the side surface of the tank body, and a motor shaft connected with the output end of the motor is inserted into the tank body to be connected with a first bevel gear.
Further, one end of the suction pipe penetrates into the filter screen, the other end of the suction pipe penetrates into the tank body, the rotating assembly is sleeved on the middle pipe and meshed with the first bevel gear, the bottom of the middle pipe is connected with the suction pipe in a sealing mode, and the top end of the suction pipe is connected with the spraying assembly.
Further, the rotating assembly comprises a second bevel gear, a lantern ring, a support and a fan, wherein the second bevel gear, the lantern ring and the fan are sequentially sleeved on the middle pipe side by side up and down and are fixed, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, and the support fixed on the side peripheral surface of the lantern ring in the radial direction is movably connected with the tank body.
Further, spray the subassembly and include sector gear, the pump body, the gear, curved pipe and spray tube, sector gear cover is on well pipe, swing joint between well pipe and the one port of curved pipe, and another port of curved pipe connects on the pump body, swing joint between the mouth of pipe of the pump body and the spray tube, and spray tube wears out the jar body and extends to ecological pond's top, and the cover has the gear on the outer wall of spray tube, and the gear meshes with sector gear.
Further, a reset spring is connected between the pump body and the spray pipe and is used for driving the spray pipe to restore to the initial position during the separation of the gear and the sector gear.
Further, the air inlet pipe is positioned below the fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the ecological landscape constructed wetland system for the three-dimensional horizontal subsurface flow, the middle pipe is driven to rotate by the external motor, the middle pipe drives the fan to rotate in the rotating process, so that the fan generates airflow change in the rotating process, external air is sucked into the tank body through the air inlet pipe, the sector gear synchronously rotates in the middle pipe rotating process, the spray pipe is driven to rotate for a certain angle through the engagement of the sector gear with the sector gear in the rotating process, the return spring is connected between the pump body and the spray pipe, the return spring is used for driving the spray pipe to return to the initial position in the disengagement period of the gear and the sector gear, continuous engagement is realized, the continuous swing is realized, the multi-angle spraying mode of the spray pipe is realized, the innermost pipe body is connected with the curved pipe, and the air rotated by the fan is discharged through the pipe body outside the spray pipe, so that the oxygen mixing degree of spraying liquid is improved.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an ecological landscape artificial wetland system with three-dimensional horizontal undercurrent comprises an ecological pond 1 and a horizontal undercurrent wetland 2, wherein a sewage inlet 26 is arranged on a dam on one side of the horizontal undercurrent wetland 2, a purified water outlet 27 is arranged on a dam on the other side of the horizontal undercurrent wetland 2, the horizontal undercurrent wetland 2 is used for purifying sewage, the sewage flowing into the sewage inlet 26 flows into the purified water outlet 27 after being purified, the purified water outlet 27 is connected with a water level lifting assembly 4, and the water level lifting assembly 4 is used for pumping purified water into the ecological pond 1.
The ecological pond 1 is internally provided with an anti-blocking assembly 5, the anti-blocking assembly 5 is internally connected with an aerobic spraying mechanism 6 positioned outside the ecological pond 1, and the aerobic spraying mechanism 6 is used for extracting liquid, sludge and excrement mixture in the anti-blocking assembly 5 and spraying the mixture into the ecological pond 1 in a rotary swinging mode.
Referring to fig. 2, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland 2 comprises a water-blocking layer 21, a substrate layer 22, a plant frame 23, emergent aquatic plants 24 and a wetland pool 25, wherein the water-blocking layer 21 is paved on the surface of the wetland pool 25 and is used for preventing liquid from penetrating, four sides of the plant frame 23 are connected with four sides of the wetland pool 25, a purification channel is formed between the plant frame 23 and the water-blocking layer 21, the substrate layer 22 is arranged in the purification channel between the plant frame 23 and the water-blocking layer 21 at intervals, the emergent aquatic plants 24 are fixed on the plant frame 23, roots of the emergent aquatic plants 24 are inserted into the substrate layer 22, two ends of the purification channel are respectively communicated with a sewage inlet 26 and a purified water outlet 27, sewage purified by the horizontal subsurface flow wetland 2 flows in a horizontal manner in a gap of the substrate layer 22 from the water inlet end of the pool body, pollutants are removed through a series of physical, physical and biological actions under the combined action of microorganisms, the substrate and the emergent aquatic plants 24, the horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland has high hydraulic load, and good effects on BOD, COD, SS, heavy metal pollutants and the like, and has no bad odor.
Insoluble organic matter in the wetland is mainly trapped in the wetland by the filtration action of the matrix layer 22; the soluble organic matters are decomposed and removed through the adsorption, absorption and biodegradation processes of the root system biological film of the emergent aquatic plant 24. The biodegradation process is mainly carried out by aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, thereby reducing BOD and COD of sewage.
Most of the sewage contains N as a main component. N exists in many forms in the environment, and has a complex circulation path. TN is prepared from organic nitrogen, dissolved organic nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in different proportions. N2 and N20 are important in the N cycle. Mineralization, bioabsorption, nitrification, and catabolism (nitrate nitrogen to ammonia nitrogen DNRA) are processes that shift one form of nitrogen to another, which are mass-balancing processes where N circulates within the same system, resulting in N being removed from the system. Numerous studies have shown that the removal path of nitrogen in wetlands is primarily bio-nitrification-denitrification. The main conversion process of N in the wetland is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 major conversion Process of Nitrogen
Procedure
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Substance (B)
|
Product(s)
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Mineralization
|
Organic matter
|
Ammonia nitrogen
|
Biological absorption
|
Ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen
|
|
Nitration
|
Ammonia nitrogen
|
Nitrate nitrogen
|
Denitrification
|
Nitrate nitrogen
|
Nitrogen gas
|
DNRA
|
Nitrate nitrogen
|
Ammonia nitrogen
|
Volatilizing
|
Ammonia nitrogen + high pH
|
Ammonia gas
|
With nitrogen
|
Nitrogen gas
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Organic nitrogen |
Inorganic phosphorus is a necessary nutrient for wetland plants. Inorganic phosphorus in the wastewater can be changed into organic components such as ATP, DNA, RNA and the like of plants under the absorption and assimilation actions of the plants, and the organic components are removed by harvesting the plants. The physical and chemical actions comprise the adsorption of the filler to phosphorus and the chemical reaction of the filler and phosphate ions, and the action can precipitate and remove P043-because Ca and Fe in the filler can react with P043-in the inorganic phosphorus removal, so that the filler with better phosphorus removal effect is very important, and the infiltration of groundwater containing calcium or iron into the constructed wetland is also beneficial to phosphorus removal. The removal of phosphorus by microorganisms involves their normal assimilation of phosphorus (incorporating phosphorus into its molecular composition) and excessive accumulation of phosphorus. The plant photosynthetic reaction and the dark reaction are alternately performed in the plant, so that the anaerobic and aerobic alternate occurrence in the system is caused by the alternation of the oxygen transfer amount of the root hairs and the difference of the oxygen consumption amount of different areas in the system, and the excessive release and excessive accumulation of phosphorus are completed, which is difficult to meet in the conventional secondary treatment mode. There are a number of variations of phosphorus in wetland systems. As shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 phosphorus primary conversion Process Table
Procedure
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Substance (B)
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Product(s)
|
Mineralization
|
Organic matter
|
Orthophosphoric acid
|
Biological absorption
|
Orthophosphoric acid
|
Organic phosphorus
|
Adsorption of
|
Orthophosphoric acid
|
Phosphorus-clay/metal hydrate
|
Sedimentation
|
Orthophosphoric acid
|
Discrete state phosphorite material
|
Desorption
|
Phosphorus-clay/metal hydrate
|
Orthophosphoric acid |
Referring to fig. 3, the water level lifting assembly 4 includes a base 41, a lifting water pump 42, a main pipe 43, a branch pipe 44 and a casing 45, wherein the base 41, the lifting water pump 42, the main pipe 43 and the casing 45 are installed in the casing 45, the lifting water pump 42 is installed on the base 41 to be fixed, an input end of the lifting water pump 42 is connected with the main pipe 43, a water pipe connected with an output end of the lifting water pump 42 penetrates into the ecological pond 1, the branch pipes 44 are distributed on the main pipe 43 at equal intervals, ports of the branch pipes 44 are inserted into the purified water outlets 27, and through the water level lifting assembly 4, water flow lifting effect is performed, the lifting water pump 42 shunts purified water flow into the ecological pond 1 through the branch pipes 44 to a plurality of points, and the subsequent purifying rate is lifted.
Referring to fig. 4, the anti-blocking assembly 5 includes an outer frame 51, aquatic plants 52, a filter screen 53 and support columns 54, wherein four end corners of the outer frame 51 are fixed with the support columns 54, the support columns 54 are poured at the bottom of the ecological pond 1, the aquatic plants 52 are planted on the outer frame 51, the filter screen 53 seals the openings formed by the outer frame 51 and the support columns 54, the filter screen 53 is utilized to achieve the purpose of filtering, and the problem of blocking the inside of the pipe of the aerobic spraying mechanism 6 is avoided.
Referring to fig. 5-6, the aerobic spraying mechanism 6 comprises a tank 61, a suction pipe 62, a middle pipe 63, a rotating assembly 64, an air inlet pipe 65, a spraying assembly 66 and a motor 67, wherein the bottom surface of the motor 67 is connected with a supporting plate, the air inlet pipe 65 is communicated with the side surface of the tank 61, the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed on the side surface of the tank 61, a motor shaft connected with the output end of the motor 67 is inserted into the tank 61 and is connected with a first bevel gear 671, and the motor 67 drives the first bevel gear 671 to rotate.
One end of the suction pipe 62 penetrates into the filter screen 53, the other end of the suction pipe 62 penetrates into the tank 61, the rotating assembly 64 is sleeved on the middle pipe 63 and meshed with the first bevel gear 671, the bottom of the middle pipe 63 is connected with the suction pipe 62 in a sealing mode, the top end of the middle pipe 63 is connected with the spraying assembly 66, two ends of the middle pipe 63 are in movable connection with the suction pipe 62 and the curved pipe 664, and the purpose of the device is that the middle pipe 63 can rotate, and in the rotating process, the sealing performance of the device is unaffected.
Referring to fig. 7, the rotating assembly 64 includes a second bevel gear 641, a collar 642, a post 643 and a fan 644, wherein the second bevel gear 641, the collar 642 and the fan 644 are sequentially sleeved on the middle tube 63 side by side, the second bevel gear 641 is meshed with the first bevel gear 671, the post 643 radially fixed on the side circumferential surface of the collar 642 is movably connected with the tank 61, the middle tube 63 is driven to rotate by an external motor 67, the middle tube 63 drives the fan 644 to rotate in the rotating process, and then the fan 644 generates airflow change in the rotating process, and external air is sucked into the tank 61 through the air inlet tube 65.
Referring to fig. 8, the spraying assembly 66 includes a sector gear 661, a pump body 662, a gear 663, a curved tube 664 and a spraying tube 665, wherein the sector gear 661 is sleeved on the middle tube 63, the middle tube 63 is movably connected with one end of the curved tube 664, the other end of the curved tube 664 is connected with the pump body 662, the orifice of the pump body 662 is movably connected with the spraying tube 665, the pump body 662 is used for pumping liquid and spraying the liquid through the spraying tube 665, the spraying tube 665 extends out of the tank 61 to the upper side of the ecological pond 1, the gear 663 is sleeved on the outer wall of the spraying tube 665, the gear 663 is meshed with the sector gear 661, only a part of the sector gear 661 has the gear, when the sector gear 661 is meshed with the sector gear 661 in the rotating process, a reset spring is connected between the pump body 662 and the spraying tube 665, the reset spring is used for driving the spraying tube 665 to be restored to the initial position during the separation of the gear 663 from the sector gear 661, the continuous swing is realized, the multi-angle swing mode is realized, the spraying tube 665 is a concentric double-layer tube body, the innermost tube body is connected with the curved tube 665 and the air is rotated through the fan 664, the single swing oxygen source is realized, and the swing power of the oxygen is improved, and the air flow is blown out of the outside through the fan is realized, and the swing power is improved by the swing of the single swing source is realized.
The treatment of tail water and the protection of peripheral surface water bodies are primary functions, and adhere to ecological principles. The sewage treatment and ecological construction complement each other, the former provides guarantee for the stability of the latter, the water treatment process under ecological big background can stably and effectively run, and the dull and tedious of traditional sewage treatment is avoided, the process removes tail water and enters a wetland system, and water undergoes multiple drop in the gravity flow process, the third dimension of the whole wetland system is not only sensible but also considerable, the artificial wetland is a land similar to the swamp land which is artificially constructed and controlled to run, the artificial wetland is a comprehensive ecological system, the principles of species symbiosis and material circulation regeneration in the ecological system are applied, the principle of structure and function coordination is fully exerted on the premise of promoting the benign cycle of pollutant in the wastewater, the environmental re-pollution is prevented, and the best benefits of sewage treatment and resource are obtained. The plants of the constructed wetland can also be used for conveying oxygen for the water body, so that the activity of the water body is increased. The wetland plants play an important role in controlling water pollution and degrading harmful substances. The constructed wetland treatment system has the characteristics of large buffer capacity, good treatment effect, simple process, investment saving, low running cost and the like, and is very suitable for sewage treatment in medium and small towns.
To sum up; the ecological landscape constructed wetland system of the three-dimensional horizontal subsurface flow, which is disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the sewage purified by the horizontal subsurface flow wetland 2 flows horizontally from the water inlet end of the tank body to the constructed wetland at the water outlet end below the surface of the substrate layer 22, the sewage flows horizontally in the gaps of the substrate layer 22, pollutants are removed through a series of physical, materialized and biological actions under the combined action of microorganisms, substrates and emergent aquatic plants 24, the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland has high hydraulic load, better removal effect on the pollutants such as BOD, COD, SS, heavy metals and the like, no malodor and mosquito and fly breeding exist, the middle pipe 63 is driven to rotate through the external motor 67, the fan 644 is driven to rotate in the rotating process, the fan 644 generates airflow change in the rotating process, outside air is sucked to flow into the tank body 61 through the air inlet pipe 65, the sector gear 661 synchronously rotates in the rotation process of the middle pipe 63, when the sector gear 661 is meshed with the sector gear 661 in the rotation process, the spray pipe 665 is driven to rotate for a certain angle, a reset spring is connected between the pump body 662 and the spray pipe 665, the reset spring is used for driving the spray pipe 665 to restore to the initial position during the separation of the gear 663 and the sector gear 661, the next meshing is continued, continuous swinging is realized, the multi-angle spraying mode is realized, the spray pipe 665 is a concentric double-layer pipe body, the innermost pipe body is connected with the curved pipe 664, and the air rotating by the fan 644 is discharged through the pipe body outside the spray pipe 665, so that the oxygen mixing degree of sprayed liquid is improved.
The treatment of tail water and the protection of peripheral surface water bodies are primary functions, and adhere to ecological principles. The sewage treatment and ecological construction complement each other, the former provides guarantee for the stability of the latter, the water treatment process under ecological big background can stably and effectively run, and the dull and tedious of traditional sewage treatment is avoided, the process removes tail water and enters a wetland system, and water undergoes multiple drop in the gravity flow process, the third dimension of the whole wetland system is not only sensible but also considerable, the artificial wetland is a land similar to the swamp land which is artificially constructed and controlled to run, the artificial wetland is a comprehensive ecological system, the principles of species symbiosis and material circulation regeneration in the ecological system are applied, the principle of structure and function coordination is fully exerted on the premise of promoting the benign cycle of pollutant in the wastewater, the environmental re-pollution is prevented, and the best benefits of sewage treatment and resource are obtained. The plants of the constructed wetland can also be used for conveying oxygen for the water body, so that the activity of the water body is increased. The wetland plants play an important role in controlling water pollution and degrading harmful substances. The constructed wetland treatment system has the characteristics of large buffer capacity, good treatment effect, simple process, investment saving, low running cost and the like, and is very suitable for sewage treatment in medium and small towns.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention by making equivalents and modifications to the technical solution and the inventive concept thereof.