CN113579566A - Preparation method of titanium alloy welding wire and titanium alloy welding wire - Google Patents
Preparation method of titanium alloy welding wire and titanium alloy welding wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN113579566A CN113579566A CN202110923426.4A CN202110923426A CN113579566A CN 113579566 A CN113579566 A CN 113579566A CN 202110923426 A CN202110923426 A CN 202110923426A CN 113579566 A CN113579566 A CN 113579566A
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 199
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/325—Ti as the principal constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a titanium alloy welding wire, which comprises the following steps: continuously cold-drawing the titanium alloy wire blank for 1-5 times, fine-drawing for 1-3 times, and performing surface treatment to obtain a titanium alloy welding wire; wherein the cold drawing comprises: sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire blank through 2-6 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small, and then carrying out heat treatment to obtain a titanium alloy wire; the finish drawing comprises: and sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire through 2-6 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small, and performing heat treatment to obtain the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire. The method has the advantages of simple equipment, low energy consumption and high production efficiency. The titanium alloy welding wire prepared by the method has high dimensional precision, smooth and uniform surface and stable mechanical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a titanium alloy welding wire and the titanium alloy welding wire.
Background
The dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of the titanium alloy welding wire have very important influence on the welding process and the welding quality. If the titanium alloy welding wire is low in dimensional accuracy and poor in surface quality, the problems of serious splashing, unstable electric arc, unsmooth wire feeding and the like are easily caused during welding, and further poor welding manufacturability and welding seam quality are caused, and the performance of a welding joint and the quality of a welding part are affected.
At present, the process for producing titanium alloy welding wires by domestic enterprises comprises the following steps: and carrying out drawing forming by adopting a hot drawing or single-pass cold drawing and intermediate annealing method, and then carrying out surface treatment on the titanium alloy welding wire by adopting a chemical method or a mechanical abrasive belt grinding and polishing method. The processing equipment for hot drawing is complex in structure and difficult to operate. The compression ratio of single-pass cold drawing is only about 10%, and the process is multiple, and the processing production efficiency is low. The titanium alloy welding wire is subjected to surface treatment by adopting a chemical method or a mechanical abrasive belt grinding and polishing method, and the problems of easy corrosion of the surface of the welding wire, uneven surface treatment, poor dimensional precision and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a titanium alloy welding wire. The method has the advantages of simple equipment, low energy consumption and high production efficiency.
The invention also aims to provide the titanium alloy welding wire which is high in dimensional precision, smooth and uniform in surface and stable in mechanical property.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a preparation method of a titanium alloy welding wire comprises the following steps: continuously cold-drawing the titanium alloy wire blank for 1-5 times, fine-drawing for 1-3 times, and performing surface treatment to obtain a titanium alloy welding wire; wherein the cold drawing comprises: sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire blank through 2-6 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small, and then carrying out heat treatment to obtain a titanium alloy wire; the finish drawing comprises: and sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire through 2-6 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small, and performing heat treatment to obtain the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire.
According to the preparation method, the single-pass compression rate of cold drawing is 13-15%, and the drawing speed is less than or equal to 2.5 m/s. In the present invention, the single-pass reduction refers to the reduction of the titanium alloy wire blank as it passes through a drawing die. In some embodiments, the single-pass reduction rate of the cold drawing is 13% -15%, and the drawing speed of the cold drawing is 2-2.5 m/s. When the compression ratio of a single pass is lower than 13%, the production efficiency is low; when the single-pass compressibility is higher than 15%, the problems of yarn breakage and surface quality are easily caused. When the cold drawing speed is higher than 2.5m/s, the drawing speed is too high, the problem of wire breakage is easy to occur, and in addition, the wire is easy to adhere to the die due to the fact that the heat of the die is difficult to dissipate, so that the problem of surface quality is easy to occur; when the cold drawing speed is less than 2m/s, the production efficiency is low.
According to the preparation method of the invention, the total compression ratio of each cold drawing is 30-65%. In certain embodiments, the total reduction per cold draw is 50% to 55%. When the total compression ratio of each cold drawing is controlled to be 50-55%, the surface quality of the titanium alloy welding wire is good, and the welding process and the welding quality are better.
According to the preparation method, the single-pass compression rate of the fine drawing is 5-13%, and the drawing speed is less than or equal to 3 m/s. In some embodiments, the drawing speed of the finish drawing is 2.5-3 m/s, and the single-pass reduction rate of the finish drawing is 9% -11%. When the fine drawing speed is higher than 3m/s, the drawing speed is too high, the problem of wire breakage is easy to occur, and in addition, because the heat of the die is difficult to dissipate, the wire is easy to adhere to the die, so that the problem of surface quality is easy to occur; when the fine drawing speed is less than 2.5m/s, the production efficiency is low.
According to the preparation method, the heat treatment mode is annealing, the annealing temperature is 750-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-4 h. When the temperature is lower than 750 ℃, the annealing effect is poor, the drawing is difficult, and when the temperature is higher than 900 ℃, the energy consumption is high, and a thick oxide layer is easy to form. In some embodiments, the cold drawing and the finish drawing are performed under the same heat treatment conditions, and both annealing heat treatments are adopted, wherein the annealing temperatures are 800-850 ℃ respectively, and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3 hours respectively. According to certain preferred embodiments of the invention, the cold drawing and the finish drawing are performed under the same heat treatment conditions, and both annealing heat treatments are adopted, wherein the annealing temperatures are 810-830 ℃, and the heat preservation times are 2-2.5 h respectively. The condition can ensure better drawing effect, reduce residual stress, stabilize size, reduce deformation and cracks, prevent the surface of the welding wire from being oxidized, save energy consumption and improve production efficiency.
According to the production method of the present invention, the surface treatment comprises: mechanically scraping the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire to obtain a finished titanium alloy welding wire; the mechanical scraping comprises sequentially passing through a sizing die, a scraping die and a finished product die with diameters of D1, D2 and D3 respectively; wherein D3 is the diameter of the titanium alloy welding wire, D3+0.15mm is not less than D1 is not less than D3+0.3mm, D3+0.02mm is not less than D2 is not less than D3+0.1 mm. The scraping speed is preferably 1.0-2 m/s, and when the scraping speed is more than 2m/s, the phenomenon of cutter sticking is easy to occur, so that the surface quality of a product is influenced; when the scraping speed is less than 1.0m/s, the production efficiency is low. According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire is subjected to mechanical scraping brightening treatment on mechanical equipment by using a scraping mould, wherein the scraping speed is 1.5-1.8 m/s; the specific mechanical scraping process is as follows: sequentially enabling the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire to pass through a sizing die, a scraping die and a finished die with the diameters of D1, D2 and D3; the diameter of the titanium alloy welding wire is D3, the diameter of D3+0.18mm is not less than D1 is not less than D3+0.23mm, the diameter of D3+0.04mm is not less than D2 is not less than D3+0.06mm, the roundness of the titanium alloy welding wire manufactured by the process is less than 0.005mm, and the surface roughness of the titanium alloy welding wire is 0.15-0.25 mu m.
The invention adopts a mechanical scraping method to replace a chemical corrosion method and a mechanical abrasive belt grinding and polishing method, which is not only beneficial to improving the dimensional precision of the titanium alloy welding wire and obtaining the titanium alloy welding wire with more uniform and smooth surface, but also can avoid the problem of environmental pollution caused by a chemical cleaning process. In addition, the sizing die can not only prevent the shaking of the welding wire during scraping, but also ensure the consistent scraping amount of the welding wire during subsequent scraping, and is beneficial to improving the precision of mechanical scraping. According to the invention, the size precision and the roundness of the welding wire can be further improved through the mould pressing of the finished product mould, and meanwhile, the scratches caused by the scraping mould can be reduced, so that the surface of the welding wire is bright, and the roughness of the surface of the welding wire is reduced. According to the invention, through the mutual matching of the sizing die, the scraping die and the finished product die, the prepared titanium alloy welding wire has high dimensional precision and good surface quality.
According to the production method of the present invention, the surface treatment further comprises: and (4) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the finished titanium alloy welding wire, and then drying and rolling to obtain the titanium alloy welding wire. The method utilizes the cavitation and in-situ resonance effects of ultrasonic waves, uses clear water to clean the titanium alloy welding wire, replaces the traditional acid washing and alkali washing, effectively avoids the corrosion of cleaning liquid on the surface of the titanium alloy welding wire, and is beneficial to reducing environmental pollution. According to some embodiments of the invention, the finished titanium alloy welding wire is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, dried by on-line hot air at 160 ℃, wound, rolled and packaged to obtain the titanium alloy welding wire.
According to the preparation method, the titanium alloy wire blank is a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank. According to some embodiments of the invention, the titanium alloy wire blank is a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with a diameter of 4.5-6.5 mm. According to other embodiments of the invention, the titanium alloy wire blank is a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with the diameter of 5.5-6 mm.
According to the preparation method, the roundness of the titanium alloy welding wire prepared by the method is less than 0.005mm, and the surface roughness is 0.15-0.25 mu m. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the titanium alloy welding wire has a roundness of less than 0.004mm and a surface roughness of 0.15 to 0.2 μm. According to other embodiments of the present invention, a titanium alloy welding wire has a roundness of less than 0.003mm and a surface roughness of 0.2 μm.
In the present invention, the number of cold drawing may be 1 to 5, preferably 2 to 3. The cold drawing is preferably carried out under the action of a lubricant, which may be a lubricating oil or powder conventional in the art, preferably a calcium-based powder. The calcium-based lubricating powder is adopted, so that the drawing resistance can be reduced, the welding wire can be effectively prevented from being stuck on the surface of a drawing die, and the phenomena of wire damage and wire breakage are less when the titanium alloy welding wire is prepared by adopting the calcium-based lubricating powder. The cold drawing is preferably performed by adopting a diamond coating die, and the diamond coating die is adopted, so that the problems of poor welding wire surface quality and the like caused by die damage can be solved, and the die cost is low.
In the present invention, the number of fine drawing may be 1 to 3, preferably 1 to 2. The finish drawing is preferably carried out under the action of a lubricant, which may be a lubricating oil conventional in the art and will not be described herein. The fine drawing is preferably performed by using a polycrystalline diamond wire drawing die. By adopting the polycrystalline diamond wire drawing die, the problems of poor welding wire surface quality and the like caused by die damage can be effectively reduced. The finish drawing is preferably carried out in a water box drawing apparatus.
The invention adopts the continuous cold drawing process to replace the hot drawing process, and not only has simple structure of the drawing equipment and easy operation, but also has high processing efficiency and low production cost. In addition, the invention realizes multi-pass cold drawing through a plurality of drawing dies with different diameters, reduces annealing passes and is beneficial to reducing energy consumption; in addition, compared with single-pass drawing through only one die each time, the production efficiency of continuous cold drawing is improved by 3-5 times.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the titanium alloy wire blank is continuously cold-drawn for 2-3 times, and the titanium alloy wire blank sequentially passes through 3-5 drawing dies with the diameters decreasing from large to small in each cold drawing, and then is subjected to heat treatment to obtain a titanium alloy wire; and then carrying out fine drawing on the titanium alloy wire rod for 1-2 times, sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire rod through 3-5 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small in each fine drawing, carrying out heat treatment to obtain a semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire, and carrying out surface treatment on the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire to obtain the titanium alloy welding wire.
According to other embodiments of the present invention, a method of preparing a titanium alloy welding wire includes the steps of:
s1, continuously cold-drawing a titanium alloy wire blank for 1-5 times; controlling the single-pass compression rate of cold drawing to be 13-15%, the total compression rate of each cold drawing to be 30-65%, and the drawing speed to be less than or equal to 2.5 m/s; and (3) sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire blank through 2-6 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small in each cold drawing, and then performing heat treatment at 800-850 ℃ for 1.5-3 h to obtain the titanium alloy wire.
S2, carrying out fine drawing on the titanium alloy wire rod for 1-3 times; controlling the single-pass compression rate of the fine drawing to be 5% -13%, and the drawing speed to be less than or equal to 3 m/s; and (3) sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire through 2-6 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small in each fine drawing, and then performing heat treatment at 800-850 ℃ for 1.5-3 h to obtain the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire.
S3, mechanically scraping the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire at a scraping speed of 1.0-2 m/s to obtain a finished titanium alloy welding wire;
the mechanical scraping comprises a sizing die, a scraping die and a finished product die which sequentially pass through the sizing die, the scraping die and the finished product die, wherein the diameters of the sizing die, the scraping die and the finished product die are respectively D1, D2 and D3;
wherein D3 is the diameter of the titanium alloy welding wire,
D3+0.15mm≤D1≤D3+0.3mm，
D3+0.02mm≤D2≤D3+0.1mm。
and S4, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the finished titanium alloy welding wire, drying and rolling to obtain the titanium alloy welding wire. By controlling the drawing speed and the compression ratio within a proper range and setting corresponding heat treatment conditions according to the drawing speed and the compression ratio, the drawing effect of the titanium alloy welding wire can be improved, and the titanium alloy welding wire is effectively prevented from being broken and surface pits.
According to other embodiments of the present invention, a method of preparing a titanium alloy welding wire includes the steps of:
s1, continuously cold-drawing a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with the diameter of 4.5-6.5 mm for 2-3 times; controlling the single-pass compression rate of cold drawing to be 13-15%, the total compression rate of each cold drawing to be 50-55%, and the drawing speed to be 2-2.5 m/s; and (3) sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire blank through 2-5 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small in each cold drawing, and then performing heat treatment at 800-830 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 h to obtain the titanium alloy wire.
S2, carrying out fine drawing on the titanium alloy wire rod for 1-2 times; controlling the single-pass compression rate of the fine drawing to be 9% -11%, and the drawing speed to be 2.5-3 m/s; and (3) sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire through 2-5 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small in each fine drawing, and then performing heat treatment at 800-830 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain a semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire.
S3, mechanically scraping the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire to obtain a finished titanium alloy welding wire; wherein the scraping speed is 1.0-2 m/s; the mechanical scraping comprises sequentially passing through a sizing die, a scraping die and a finished product die with diameters of D1, D2 and D3 respectively; wherein D3 is the diameter of the titanium alloy welding wire, D3+0.15mm is not less than D1 is not less than D3+0.3mm, D3+0.02mm is not less than D2 is not less than D3+0.1 mm.
And S4, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the finished titanium alloy welding wire, drying and rolling to obtain the titanium alloy welding wire.
Optionally, the preparation method of the titanium alloy welding wire further comprises the step of processing the die-passing section, and the specific operation steps are as follows: and performing conventional plastic processing on the initial section of the titanium alloy thick wire blank/the titanium alloy wire rod, for example, processing the initial section of the titanium alloy thick wire blank into a long cone with gradually increased diameter by adopting a rolling method, wherein the initial section and the section to be processed are in smooth transition, and the initial section can sequentially pass through each drawing die.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a titanium alloy welding wire made by the above method. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the titanium alloy welding wire has a roundness of less than 0.005mm and a surface roughness of 0.15 to 0.25 μm.
The preparation method of the titanium alloy welding wire has the advantages of simple equipment, low energy consumption and high production efficiency. The titanium alloy welding wire prepared by the method has high dimensional precision, smooth and uniform surface and stable mechanical property, the roundness of the titanium alloy welding wire is less than 0.005mm, and the surface roughness is 0.15-0.25 mu m.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
According to the invention, the quality of the titanium alloy welding wire is evaluated according to the quality grade indexes in the table 1.
TABLE 1
The specific test methods in the examples are presented below:
1. and (3) analyzing chemical components of the welding wire: testing the chemical components of the welding wire according to GB/T30562-201;
2. relaxed diameter, warp distance: testing the relaxation diameter and the warping distance according to 5.3 of GB/T9460-;
3. and (3) testing the roundness: measuring by using a vernier caliper with the precision of 0.001 mm;
4. and (3) testing the roughness: the laser microscope is adopted for measurement, and the specific test conditions are as follows:
an objective lens: mplanonlext 50
The scanning mode is as follows: XYZ Fine Scan + color
Image size pixel: 1024 × 1024
Image size: 258X 258
Zooming: 1X;
5. testing the mechanical property of the welding seam:
the welding process comprises the following steps: the welding equipment adopts an Austria Fronius TPS400i type semi-automatic welding machine; the welding test plate base metal adopts TC4 titanium alloy plate, the thick 10mm of board, opens Y shape breach (70 °), through deoiling and the processing of clearing away oxidation film, adopts to drag the cover protection welding seam. When the diameter of the titanium alloy welding wire is 1.6mm (namely, the diameter of the titanium alloy welding wire is 1.6 mm), the welding current is 270-290A, the welding voltage is 30V, the welding speed is 0.9cm/s, and the argon (with the purity of 99.99%) flow rate is as follows: 22L/min of welding gun, 25-30L/min of support cover and 30-40L/min of back surface. When the diameter of the titanium alloy welding wire is 1.2mm (namely, the embodiment 2), the welding current is 235-255A, the welding voltage is 28V, the welding speed is 0.7cm/s, and the argon (with the purity of 99.99%) flow rate is as follows: 22L/min of welding gun, 25-30L/min of support cover and 30-40L/min of back surface.
And (II) carrying out a tensile test on the welding joint according to GB/T2651, and testing the tensile strength and the elongation.
Example 1
S1, taking a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with the diameter of 6mm, rolling and processing an initial section of the titanium alloy wire blank into a long cone shape, and enabling the initial section and a section to be processed to be in smooth transition to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with a die penetrating section; sequentially enabling the TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with the die penetrating section to penetrate through diamond coating drawing dies with the diameters of 5.53mm, 5.1mm, 4.7mm, 4.33mm and 4.0mm, and carrying out primary cold drawing on the TC4 titanium alloy wire blank on continuous drawing equipment under the lubricating action of calcium-based lubricating powder, wherein the drawing speed is 2.5m/s, so as to obtain a first non-annealed TC4 titanium alloy wire;
and (3) placing the unannealed first TC4 titanium alloy wire in a conventional annealing furnace for heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2h, so as to obtain a first TC4 titanium alloy wire.
Carrying out die-penetrating section processing on the first TC4 titanium alloy wire (the specific steps are the same as the above steps), then sequentially passing the first TC4 titanium alloy wire with the die-penetrating section through diamond coating drawing dies with the diameters of 3.69mm, 3.41mm, 3.15mm, 2.90mm and 2.68mm, and carrying out secondary cold drawing on the first TC4 titanium alloy wire on continuous drawing equipment under the lubricating action of calcium-based lubricating powder, wherein the drawing speed is 2.5m/s, so as to obtain a non-annealed second TC4 titanium alloy wire;
and (3) placing the unannealed second TC4 titanium alloy wire in a conventional annealing furnace for heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours, so as to obtain a second TC4 titanium alloy wire.
Tests prove that the unannealed first TC4 titanium alloy wire has the diameter of 3.991mm, the roundness of less than 0.01mm, smooth and uniform surface and no defects such as burrs, pits and the like; the diameter of the unannealed second TC4 titanium alloy wire rod is 2.673mm, the roundness is less than 0.01mm, the surface of the wire rod is smooth and uniform, and the wire rod has no defects such as burrs, pits and the like;
s2, carrying out die-penetrating section processing on a second TC4 titanium alloy wire (the specific steps are the same as the above), then sequentially passing the second TC4 titanium alloy wire with the die-penetrating section through polycrystalline diamond wire-drawing dies with the diameters of 2.50mm, 2.33mm, 2.18mm, 2.04mm and 1.90mm, and carrying out primary fine drawing on the second TC4 titanium alloy wire on water tank drawing equipment under the lubricating action of lubricating oil, wherein the drawing speed is 3m/s, so as to obtain a third non-annealed TC4 titanium alloy wire;
and (3) placing the unannealed third TC4 titanium alloy wire in a conventional annealing furnace for heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours, so as to obtain a third TC4 titanium alloy wire, namely the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire.
Tests prove that the unannealed third TC4 titanium alloy wire rod has the diameter of 1.896mm, the roundness of less than 0.005mm, smooth and uniform surface and no defects of broken wires, peeling, burrs, pits and the like.
S3, mechanically scraping and brightening the surface of the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire on mechanical scraping equipment, wherein the scraping speed is 1.5m/s, and the mechanical scraping process is as follows: on mechanical scraping equipment, enabling the third TC4 titanium alloy wire to sequentially pass through a sizing die with the diameter of 1.80mm, a scraping die with the diameter of 1.65mm and a finished product die with the diameter of 1.60mm to obtain a finished product TC4 titanium alloy welding wire;
the test shows that the finished TC4 titanium alloy welding wire has the diameter of 1.60mm, the roughness Ra of 0.2 mu m and the roundness of 0.004 mm.
S4, performing ultrasonic on-line clean water cleaning on the finished titanium alloy welding wire, drying at 160 ℃, rolling, and winding and packaging layer by layer to obtain the titanium alloy welding wire with the diameter of 1.60 mm.
The external quality and the internal quality of the titanium alloy welding wire with the diameter of 1.60mm are checked and evaluated, and the results are respectively shown in tables 2 and 3.
Example 2
S1, taking a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with the diameter of 6mm, rolling and processing an initial section of the titanium alloy wire blank into a long cone shape, and enabling the initial section and a section to be processed to be in smooth transition to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with a die penetrating section;
sequentially enabling the TC4 titanium alloy wire blank with the die penetrating section to penetrate through diamond coating drawing dies with the diameters of 5.53mm, 5.1mm, 4.7mm, 4.33mm and 4.0mm, and carrying out primary cold drawing on the TC4 titanium alloy wire blank on continuous drawing equipment under the lubricating action of calcium-based lubricating powder, wherein the drawing speed is 2.5m/s, so as to obtain a first non-annealed TC4 titanium alloy wire;
and (3) placing the unannealed first TC4 titanium alloy wire in a conventional annealing furnace for heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2h, so as to obtain a first TC4 titanium alloy wire.
Carrying out die-penetrating section processing on the first TC4 titanium alloy wire (the specific steps are the same as the above steps), then sequentially passing the first TC4 titanium alloy wire with the die-penetrating section through diamond coating drawing dies with the diameters of 3.69mm, 3.41mm, 3.15mm, 2.90mm and 2.68mm, and carrying out secondary cold drawing on the first TC4 titanium alloy wire on continuous drawing equipment under the lubricating action of calcium-based lubricating powder, wherein the drawing speed is 2.5m/s, so as to obtain a non-annealed second TC4 titanium alloy wire;
and (3) placing the unannealed second TC4 titanium alloy wire in a conventional annealing furnace for heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours, so as to obtain a second TC4 titanium alloy wire.
Tests prove that the unannealed first TC4 titanium alloy wire has the diameter of 3.991mm, the roundness of less than 0.01mm, smooth and uniform surface and no defects such as burrs, pits and the like; the diameter of the unannealed second TC4 titanium alloy wire rod is 2.674mm, the roundness is less than 0.01mm, the surface of the wire rod is smooth and uniform, and the wire rod has no defects such as burrs, pits and the like;
s2, carrying out die-penetrating section processing on a second TC4 titanium alloy wire (the specific steps are the same as the above), then sequentially passing the second TC4 titanium alloy wire with the die-penetrating section through polycrystalline diamond wire-drawing dies with the diameters of 2.50mm, 2.33mm, 2.18mm, 2.04mm and 1.90mm, and carrying out primary fine drawing on the second TC4 titanium alloy wire on water tank drawing equipment under the lubricating action of lubricating oil, wherein the drawing speed is 3m/s, so as to obtain a third non-annealed TC4 titanium alloy wire;
and (3) placing the unannealed third TC4 titanium alloy wire in a conventional annealing furnace for heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours, so as to obtain a third TC4 titanium alloy wire.
Carrying out die-penetrating section processing on the third TC4 titanium alloy wire (the specific steps are the same as the above), then sequentially passing the second TC4 titanium alloy wire with the die-penetrating section through polycrystalline diamond wire-drawing dies with the diameters of 1.79mm, 1.69mm, 1.59mm and 1.50mm, and carrying out secondary fine drawing on the third TC4 titanium alloy wire on water tank drawing equipment under the lubricating action of lubricating oil, wherein the drawing speed is 3m/s, so as to obtain an unannealed fourth TC4 titanium alloy wire;
and (3) placing the unannealed fourth TC4 titanium alloy wire in a conventional annealing furnace for heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours, so as to obtain a fourth TC4 titanium alloy wire, namely the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire.
Tests prove that the diameter of the unannealed third TC4 titanium alloy wire is 1.896mm, the roundness is less than 0.005mm, the surface of the wire is smooth and uniform, and the wire has no defects of broken wires, peeling, burrs, pits and the like; the diameter of the fourth TC4 titanium alloy wire rod which is not annealed is 1.495mm, the roundness is less than 0.005mm, the surface of the wire rod is smooth and uniform, and the defects of broken wire, peeling, burrs, pits and the like are avoided.
S3, mechanically scraping and brightening the surface of the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire on mechanical scraping equipment, wherein the scraping speed is 1.5m/s, and the mechanical scraping process is as follows: on mechanical scraping equipment, enabling the fourth TC4 titanium alloy wire to sequentially pass through a sizing die with the diameter of 1.40mm, a scraping die with the diameter of 1.25mm and a finished product die with the diameter of 1.20mm to obtain a finished product TC4 titanium alloy welding wire;
the test shows that the finished TC4 titanium alloy welding wire has the diameter of 1.20mm, the roughness Ra of 0.2 mu m and the roundness of 0.003 mm.
S4, performing ultrasonic on-line clean water cleaning on the finished titanium alloy welding wire, drying at 160 ℃, rolling, and winding and packaging layer by layer to obtain the titanium alloy welding wire with the diameter of 1.20 mm.
The external quality and the internal quality of the titanium alloy welding wire with the diameter of 1.20mm are checked and evaluated, and the results are respectively shown in tables 2 and 3.
TABLE 2 test results of external quality of titanium alloy welding wire
TABLE 3 examination of the intrinsic quality of titanium alloy welding wires
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the external quality scores of the titanium alloy welding wires of examples 1 and 2 were 98 and 97 (. gtoreq.95), respectively; the appearance shape is uniform, neat, bright and beautiful; the wire diameter meets the specification of Table 2 in GB/T25775-2010; the chemical component analysis conforms to the specification of Table 1 in GB/T30562-2014; the relaxation diameters of the titanium alloy welding wires of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 are 1200mm and 1500mm (D +20mm) respectively, and the warping distances of the welding wires are 10mm and 8mm (30 mm) respectively. Therefore, the TC4 titanium alloy welding wire of example 1 and example 2 was judged to be a superior product.
According to the test results of the roughness and the roundness in the experimental process, the roundness of the titanium alloy welding wire provided by the invention is less than 0.005mm, and the surface roughness is 0.15-0.25 μm, which shows that the titanium alloy welding wire prepared by the invention has high dimensional precision and smooth and uniform surface.
In addition, as can be seen from table 3, the weld joints welded by the TC4 titanium alloy welding wires of examples 1 and 2 have a tensile strength of 920 to 930Mpa and a tensile elongation of 8 to 9%. The titanium alloy welding wire has stable mechanical property and can well meet the use requirement.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any variations, modifications, and substitutions which may occur to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the titanium alloy welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of: continuously cold-drawing the titanium alloy wire blank for 1-5 times, fine-drawing for 1-3 times, and performing surface treatment to obtain a titanium alloy welding wire; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the cold drawing comprises the following steps: sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire blank through 2-6 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small, and then carrying out heat treatment to obtain a titanium alloy wire;
the finish drawing comprises: and sequentially passing the titanium alloy wire through 2-6 drawing dies with the diameters from large to small, and performing heat treatment to obtain the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the single-pass reduction rate of the cold drawing is 13-15%, and the drawing speed is 2.5m/s or less.
3. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the total reduction rate per cold drawing is 30 to 65%.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the single-pass reduction rate of the finish drawing is 5 to 13% and the drawing speed is 3m/s or less.
5. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is annealing at 750-900 ℃ for 1-4 h.
6. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the surface treatment comprises: mechanically scraping the semi-finished titanium alloy welding wire to obtain a finished titanium alloy welding wire;
the mechanical scraping comprises a sizing die, a scraping die and a finished product die which sequentially pass through the sizing die, the scraping die and the finished product die, wherein the diameters of the sizing die, the scraping die and the finished product die are respectively D1, D2 and D3;
wherein D3 is the diameter of the titanium alloy welding wire,
D3+0.15mm≤D1≤D3+0.3mm，
D3+0.02mm≤D2≤D3+0.1mm。
7. the production method according to claim 6, wherein the surface treatment further comprises: and (4) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the finished titanium alloy welding wire, and then drying and rolling to obtain the titanium alloy welding wire.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the titanium alloy wire blank is a TC4 titanium alloy wire blank.
9. The preparation method of claim 8, wherein the prepared titanium alloy welding wire has a roundness of less than 0.005mm and a surface roughness of 0.15-0.25 μm.
10. A titanium alloy welding wire, characterized by being produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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