CN113577800B - Heat pump evaporation system - Google Patents
Heat pump evaporation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113577800B CN113577800B CN202110843333.0A CN202110843333A CN113577800B CN 113577800 B CN113577800 B CN 113577800B CN 202110843333 A CN202110843333 A CN 202110843333A CN 113577800 B CN113577800 B CN 113577800B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0011—Heating features
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0064—Feeding of liquid into an evaporator
- B01D1/007—Feeding of liquid into an evaporator the liquid feed being split up in at least two streams before entering the evaporator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0094—Evaporating with forced circulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/26—Multiple-effect evaporating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
- B01D1/289—Compressor features (e.g. constructions, details, cooling, lubrication, driving systems)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
- B01D1/305—Demister (vapour-liquid separation)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat pump evaporation system, which comprises a heat pump assembly and a triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator, wherein the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator comprises a cold side part of a first-effect heat exchanger, a second-effect heat exchanger, a triple-effect heat exchanger, a hot side part of a waste heat exchanger, a first-effect separating tank, a second-effect separating tank, a triple-effect separating tank, a first-effect circulating pump, a second-effect circulating pump, a triple-effect circulating pump, an isolation mode switching pump, a solvent discharging pump, a first-effect feeding valve, a second-effect feeding valve, a triple-effect feeding valve, a first-effect discharging valve, a second-effect discharging valve, a triple-effect discharging valve, a first mode switching valve and a second mode switching valve; the heat pump component comprises a hot side part of the one-effect heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a cold side of the waste heat exchanger and a compressor; all parts of the heat pump system and the triple-effect system are connected through pipelines. Above-mentioned technical scheme, structural design is reasonable, simple structure, low in manufacturing cost, use cost are low, little, the wide and good practicality of application scope to environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, in particular to a heat pump evaporation system.
Background
Conventional evaporators, such as: the concentration and distillation of traditional Chinese medicine are linear energy-consuming devices, and the like, and meanwhile, the steam is continuously supplied to provide a heat source, and cooling water is continuously supplied to provide a cold source. A large amount of matched facilities (boilers, pipelines, valves, instruments and the like) and running costs (coal, gas, water, electricity) need to be invested in providing heat sources, and a large amount of matched facilities (cooling water units, pipelines, pumps, valves, instruments and the like) and running costs (water, electricity and the like) need to be invested in providing cold sources, so that the structure is complex, the manufacturing cost is high, the use cost is high, the environmental pollution is large, and the practicability is poor.
With the deep implementation of national energy-saving and emission-reducing strategy and the establishment of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization targets; the consciousness of various social circles on environmental protection and energy conservation is further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the heat pump evaporation system which has the advantages of reasonable structural design, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, low use cost, small environmental pollution, wide application range and good practicability.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a heat pump evaporation system comprises a heat pump assembly and further comprises a triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator, wherein the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator comprises a cold side part of a first-effect heat exchanger, a second-effect heat exchanger, a triple-effect heat exchanger, a hot side part of a waste heat exchanger, a first-effect separation tank, a second-effect separation tank, a triple-effect separation tank, a first-effect circulating pump, a second-effect circulating pump, a triple-effect circulating pump, an isolation mode switching pump, a solvent discharge pump, a first-effect feed valve, a second-effect feed valve, a triple-effect feed valve, a first-effect discharge valve, a second-effect discharge valve, a triple-effect discharge valve, a first mode switching valve and a second mode switching valve; the heat pump component comprises a hot side part of the one-effect heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a cold side of the waste heat exchanger and a compressor; the heat pump system and the triple-effect system are formed after the heat pump assembly is connected with the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator, the triple-effect system consists of a first effect, a second effect and a third effect, and all parts of the heat pump system and the triple-effect system are connected through pipelines.
Preferably, the heat pump system is operated by the steps of:
(1) Evaporating the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger, and absorbing heat in solvent gas generated by the evaporation of the first effect, the second effect and the third effect of the three-effect system to form low-pressure working medium steam;
(2) The low-pressure working medium steam generated in the step (1) is compressed by a compressor to become high-temperature high-pressure working medium steam;
(3) Releasing energy to the material by the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam generated in the step (2) in the single-effect heat exchanger, and liquefying the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam into high-pressure working medium liquid;
(4) Throttling and depressurizing the high-pressure working medium liquid generated in the step (3) by an expansion valve to obtain a low-pressure liquid working medium;
(5) And (5) entering the step (1) to form a new cycle by the low-pressure liquid working medium generated in the step (4), and repeating the steps.
Preferably, the triple effect system is operative to include the steps of:
(1) The materials respectively enter a first-effect separation tank, a second-effect separation tank and a third-effect separation tank from a first-effect feed valve, a second-effect feed valve and a third-effect feed valve;
(2) The materials in the first-effect separation tank, the second-effect separation tank and the third-effect separation tank are conveyed to the corresponding heat exchangers through respective circulating pumps and then return to the respective separation tanks, and the process is repeated.
(3) After absorbing the heat of high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam, partially gasifying materials circulating in the three-effect system in the one-effect heat exchanger to form gas-liquid mixed materials, allowing the gas-liquid mixed materials to enter a one-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and primary solvent steam, continuing the step (1) with the liquid, and conveying the solvent steam to a two-effect heat exchanger through a top pipeline;
(4) After absorbing the heat of the primary solvent steam in the double-effect heat exchanger, the materials in the double-effect circulation in the triple-effect system are partially gasified to form gas-liquid mixed materials, the gas-liquid mixed materials enter a double-effect separation tank 22 for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and secondary solvent steam, the liquid continues to the step (1), and the solvent steam is conveyed to the triple-effect heat exchanger through a top pipeline; condensing the primary solvent vapor into primary solvent liquid;
(5) After absorbing the heat of the secondary solvent steam in the triple-effect heat exchanger, the triple-effect circulating material in the triple-effect system is partially gasified to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters a triple-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and tertiary solvent steam, the liquid continues to the step (1), and the solvent steam is conveyed to the waste heat exchanger through a top pipeline; condensing the secondary solvent vapor into secondary solvent liquid;
(6) The energy of the tertiary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger and then condensed into tertiary solvent liquid;
(7) The primary solvent liquid, the secondary solvent liquid and the tertiary solvent liquid are mixed and then discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator through the solvent discharge pump 35;
(8) Materials of the solvent are separated through multiple times of evaporation, and can be discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator through respective discharge valves after reaching the appointed concentration target;
(9) The step-by-step energy transfer from the step (1) to the step (8) is realized, and the boiling point of the generated material is gradually reduced based on the gradual reduction of the working pressure.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the heat pump system and the three-effect system are relatively independent, and materials exchange energy only in the first-effect heat exchanger of the first effect; the isolated mode runtime comprises the steps of:
(1) Only clear water is added into the first effect of the three-effect system, and materials are added into the second effect and the third effect;
(2) The first effect clear water of the three-effect system absorbs the heat of the working medium to generate water vapor which enters the two-effect heat exchanger;
(3) The energy of the water vapor is absorbed by the materials in the second effect and then is changed into condensed water which is discharged back to the bottom of the first effect separation tank through the isolation mode switching pump;
(4) The recovered condensed water is introduced into circulation again to exchange heat with the working medium, so that steam is generated, and the process is repeated;
(5) The working medium and the material are isolated through the water vapor in an isolation mode, and material pollution caused by working medium leakage is avoided.
Preferably, the single-effect mode operation comprises the following steps:
(1) Raising the pressure of the two-effect separation tank and the three-effect separation tank;
(2) The material of the first-effect circulation in the three-effect system is partially gasified after absorbing the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam in the first-effect heat exchanger to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters a first-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and primary solvent steam, and the solvent steam is conveyed to a preheating heat exchanger through a top pipe;
(3) The energy of the primary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger and then condensed into primary solvent liquid;
(4) The primary solvent liquid exits the triple-effect, multi-membrane evaporator via a solvent drain pump.
Preferably, the dual mode operation comprises the steps of:
(1) Increasing the pressure of the three-effect separation tank;
(2) The material of the two-effect circulation in the three-effect system is partially gasified after absorbing the heat of the primary solvent steam in the two-effect heat exchanger to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters a two-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and secondary solvent steam, and the solvent steam is conveyed to the waste heat exchanger through a top pipeline;
(3) The energy of the secondary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger and then condensed into secondary solvent liquid;
(4) The primary solvent liquid and the secondary solvent liquid are mixed and then discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator through the solvent discharge pump.
The invention has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has reasonable structure arrangement, utilizes the principle of recovering the waste heat of evaporation, changes the linear logic of the prior evaporator and realizes the closed circulation of energy: the heat source is not provided by steam any more, but the heat in the evaporated solvent is absorbed and reused by utilizing the Carnot cycle; the consumption of cooling water is correspondingly greatly reduced; the structure design is reasonable, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the use cost is low, the environmental pollution is small, the application range is wide, and the practicability is good.
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments in the following description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that, as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", etc. appear, the indicated orientations or positional relationships thereof are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, the heat pump evaporation system disclosed by the present invention comprises a heat pump assembly, and further comprises a triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator, wherein the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator comprises a cold side part of a first-effect heat exchanger 11, a second-effect heat exchanger 12, a third-effect heat exchanger 13, a hot side part of a waste heat exchanger 14, a first-effect separation tank 21, a second-effect separation tank 22, a third-effect separation tank 23, a first-effect circulation pump 31, a second-effect circulation pump 32, a third-effect circulation pump 33, an isolation mode switching pump 34, a solvent discharge pump 35, a first-effect feed valve 41, a second-effect feed valve 42, a third-effect feed valve 43, a first-effect discharge valve 44, a second-effect discharge valve 45, a third-effect discharge valve 46, a mode switching valve one 47, and a mode switching valve two 48; the heat pump assembly comprises a hot side part of the one-effect heat exchanger 11, an expansion valve 51, a cold side of the waste heat exchanger 14 and a compressor 61; the heat pump system and the triple-effect system are formed after the heat pump assembly is connected with the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator, the triple-effect system consists of a first effect, a second effect and a third effect, and all parts of the heat pump system and the triple-effect system are connected through pipelines. Wherein the first-effect heat exchange 11 and the waste heat exchanger 14 are shared by the heat pump system and the three-effect system.
Heat pump system description, principle: the heat pump system comprises the following steps when in work:
(1) Evaporating the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger 14, and absorbing heat in the solvent gas generated by triple effect evaporation to form low-pressure working medium steam; (2) The low-pressure working medium steam generated in the step (1) is subjected to work applying compression by a compressor 61 and then is changed into high-temperature high-pressure working medium steam; (3) The high-temperature high-pressure working medium steam generated in the step (2) releases energy to materials in the single-effect heat exchanger, and the high-temperature high-pressure working medium steam is liquefied into high-pressure working medium liquid; (4) The high-pressure working medium liquid generated in the step (3) is throttled and decompressed by an expansion valve 51 to become a low-pressure liquid working medium; (5) And (4) introducing the low-pressure liquid working medium generated in the step (4) into the step (1) to form a new cycle, and repeating the steps.
Description of the triple-effect system, principle of the triple-effect system: the three-effect system comprises the following steps during working:
(1) The materials enter the first-effect separation tank 21, the second-effect separation tank 22 and the third-effect separation tank 23 through a first-effect feed valve 41, a second-effect feed valve 42 and a third-effect feed valve 43 respectively;
(2) After the materials in the separation tank (the first-effect separation tank 21, the second-effect separation tank 22 and the third-effect separation tank 23) are conveyed to the corresponding heat exchanger (the first-effect heat exchanger 11, the second-effect heat exchanger 12 and the third-effect heat exchanger 13) through the respective circulating pump (the first-effect circulating pump 31, the second-effect circulating pump 32 and the third-effect circulating pump 33), the materials return to the separation tank again, and the process is repeated.
(3) After absorbing the heat of high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam in the first-effect heat exchanger 11, partially gasifying the material in the first-effect circulation in the three-effect system to form a gas-liquid mixed material, allowing the gas-liquid mixed material to enter a first-effect separation tank 21 for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and primary solvent steam, continuing the step (1) with the liquid, and conveying the solvent steam to a second-effect heat exchanger 12 through a top pipeline;
(4) After absorbing the heat of the primary solvent steam in the double-effect heat exchanger 12, the materials circulated in the double-effect system are partially gasified to form gas-liquid mixed materials, the gas-liquid mixed materials enter a double-effect separation tank 22 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and secondary solvent steam, the liquid continues to the step (1), and the solvent steam is conveyed to the triple-effect heat exchanger 13 through a top pipeline; condensing the primary solvent vapor into primary solvent liquid;
(5) After absorbing the heat of the secondary solvent steam in the three-effect heat exchanger 13, the material in the three-effect circulation in the three-effect system is partially gasified to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters a three-effect separation tank 23 for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and tertiary solvent steam, the liquid continues to the step (1), and the solvent steam is conveyed to the waste heat exchanger 14 through a top pipeline; condensing the secondary solvent vapor into secondary solvent liquid;
(6) The energy of the tertiary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger 14 and then condensed into tertiary solvent liquid;
(7) The primary solvent liquid, the secondary solvent liquid, and the tertiary solvent liquid are mixed and discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator (evaporation system) through the solvent discharge pump 35;
(8) The materials of the solvent are separated through multiple times of evaporation, and can be discharged out of a triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator (an evaporation system) through respective discharge valves (a first-effect discharge valve 44, a second-effect discharge valve 45 and a third-effect discharge valve 46) after reaching the appointed concentration target;
(9) Step-by-step energy transfer from the step (1) to the step (8) is realized, and the boiling point of the generated material is reduced step by step based on the gradual reduction of the working pressure.
The material or mother liquor, the material circulation flow in each effect is as follows: the bottom of the separating tank is discharged, enters the inlet of the circulating pump, the outlet of the pump enters the inlet of the reboiler, and the outlet of the reboiler enters the separating tank.
The isolation mode shows that the heat pump principle and the triple-effect principle show that the heat pump system and the triple-effect system are relatively independent, and materials only exchange energy in the single-effect heat exchanger 11; the damage of the single-effect heat exchanger 11 is very likely to occur in the processing and using processes and is not discovered in time, and in addition, the working medium pressure is far greater than the material working pressure; the working medium can be leaked to the material side, and the material is polluted; the isolation mode of the novel multimode heat pump evaporation system successfully avoids the risk of material pollution caused by working medium leakage. Based on the three-effect system principle, the isolation mode operation can be realized by changing the following steps,
the principle is as follows: the isolated mode runtime comprises the following steps:
(1) Only clear water is added into the first effect of the three-effect system, and materials are added into the second effect and the third effect;
(2) The first effect clear water of the three-effect system absorbs the heat of the working medium to generate water vapor which enters the two-effect heat exchanger;
(3) The energy of the water vapor is absorbed by the materials in the second effect and then is changed into condensed water which is discharged back to the bottom of the first effect separation tank through the isolation mode switching pump;
(4) The recovered condensed water is subjected to circulation again to exchange heat with the working medium, so that steam is generated, and the process is repeated in this way;
(5) The working medium and the materials are isolated through the water vapor in the isolation mode, and material pollution caused by leakage of the working medium is avoided.
The single-effect mode and the double-effect mode are explained, and on the basis of the three-effect system principle, the single-effect mode operation can be realized by changing the following modes:
(1) Increasing the pressure of the two-effect separation tank 22 and the three-effect separation tank 23; (2) The material of one-effect circulation in the three-effect system is partially gasified after absorbing the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam in the one-effect heat exchanger 11 to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters the one-effect separation tank 21 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and primary solvent steam, and the solvent steam is conveyed to the preheating heat exchanger 14 through a top pipe; (3) The energy of the primary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger 14 and then condensed into primary solvent liquid; (4) The primary solvent liquid exits the evaporation system via solvent drain pump 35. On the basis of the three-effect system principle, the double-effect mode operation can be realized by changing the following steps: (1) raising the pressure of the three-effect separation tank 23; (2) The material of the two-effect circulation in the three-effect system is partially gasified after absorbing the heat of the primary solvent steam in the two-effect heat exchanger 12 to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters the two-effect separation tank 22 for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and secondary solvent steam, and the solvent steam is conveyed to the waste heat exchanger 14 through a top pipeline; (3) The energy of the secondary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger 14 and then condensed into secondary solvent liquid; (4) The primary solvent liquid and the secondary solvent liquid are mixed and discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator (evaporation system) via the solvent discharge pump 35.
Based on the above technical solution, the modes of this embodiment can be combined into the following 5 modes: single effect mode, double effect mode, triple effect mode, isolated single effect mode and isolated double effect mode.
The above embodiments are provided for further illustration of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the skilled engineer may make insubstantial modifications and adjustments to the present invention based on the above disclosure.
Claims (2)
1. A heat pump evaporation system comprising a heat pump assembly, characterized in that: the system comprises a first-effect multi-membrane evaporator, a second-effect multi-membrane evaporator, a third-effect multi-membrane evaporator and a fourth-effect multi-membrane evaporator, wherein the first-effect multi-membrane evaporator comprises a cold side part of a first-effect heat exchanger, a second-effect heat exchanger, a third-effect heat exchanger, a hot side part of a waste heat exchanger, a first-effect separating tank, a second-effect separating tank, a third-effect separating tank, a first-effect circulating pump, a second-effect circulating pump, a third-effect circulating pump, an isolation mode switching pump, a solvent discharge pump, a first-effect feed valve, a second-effect feed valve, a third-effect feed valve, a first-effect discharge valve, a second-effect discharge valve, a third-effect discharge valve, a first mode switching valve and a second mode switching valve; the heat pump component comprises a hot side part of the one-effect heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a cold side of the waste heat exchanger and a compressor; the heat pump assembly is connected with the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator to form a heat pump system and a triple-effect system, the triple-effect system consists of a first effect, a second effect and a third effect, and all the components of the heat pump system and the triple-effect system are connected through pipelines;
the three-effect system comprises the following steps during working:
(1) The materials respectively enter a first-effect separation tank, a second-effect separation tank and a third-effect separation tank from a first-effect feed valve, a second-effect feed valve and a third-effect feed valve;
(2) The materials in the first-effect separation tank, the second-effect separation tank and the third-effect separation tank are conveyed to the corresponding heat exchangers through respective circulating pumps and then return to the respective separation tanks, and the process is repeated in cycles;
(3) After absorbing the heat of high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam, partially gasifying materials circulating in the three-effect system in the one-effect heat exchanger to form gas-liquid mixed materials, allowing the gas-liquid mixed materials to enter a one-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and primary solvent steam, continuing the step (1) with the liquid, and conveying the solvent steam to a two-effect heat exchanger through a top pipeline;
(4) After absorbing the heat of primary solvent steam in the double-effect heat exchanger, the materials in double-effect circulation in the triple-effect system are partially gasified to form gas-liquid mixed materials, the gas-liquid mixed materials enter a double-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and secondary solvent steam, the liquid continues to the step (1), and the solvent steam is conveyed to the triple-effect heat exchanger through a top pipeline; condensing the primary solvent vapor into primary solvent liquid;
(5) After absorbing the heat of the secondary solvent steam in the triple-effect heat exchanger, the triple-effect circulating material in the triple-effect system is partially gasified to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters a triple-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and tertiary solvent steam, the liquid continues to the step (1), and the solvent steam is conveyed to the waste heat exchanger through a top pipeline; condensing the secondary solvent vapor into secondary solvent liquid;
(6) The energy of the tertiary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger and then condensed into tertiary solvent liquid;
(7) The primary solvent liquid, the secondary solvent liquid and the tertiary solvent liquid are mixed and then discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator through a solvent discharge pump;
(8) Materials of the solvent are separated through multiple times of evaporation, and can be discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator through respective discharge valves after reaching the appointed concentration target;
(9) Step-by-step energy transfer from the step (1) to the step (8) is realized, and the boiling point of the generated material is gradually reduced based on the gradual reduction of the working pressure;
the heat pump system and the three-effect system are relatively independent, and materials exchange energy only in the first-effect heat exchanger of the first effect; the isolated mode runtime comprises the following steps:
(1) Only clear water is added into the first effect of the three-effect system, and materials are added into the second effect and the third effect;
(2) The first effect clear water of the three-effect system absorbs the heat of the working medium to generate steam which enters the two-effect heat exchanger;
(3) The energy of the water vapor is absorbed by the materials in the second effect and then is changed into condensed water which is discharged back to the bottom of the first effect separation tank through the isolation mode switching pump;
(4) The recovered condensed water is subjected to circulation again to exchange heat with the working medium, so that steam is generated, and the process is repeated in this way;
(5) The working medium and the material are isolated by water vapor through an isolation mode, so that material pollution caused by leakage of the working medium is avoided;
the single-effect mode operation comprises the following steps:
(1) Increasing the pressure of the two-effect separation tank and the three-effect separation tank;
(2) The material of the first-effect circulation in the three-effect system is partially gasified after absorbing the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam in the first-effect heat exchanger to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters a first-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and primary solvent steam, and the solvent steam is conveyed to a preheating heat exchanger through a top pipe;
(3) The energy of the primary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger and then condensed into primary solvent liquid;
(4) The primary solvent liquid is discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator through a solvent discharge pump;
the dual mode runtime includes the following steps:
(1) Increasing the pressure of the three-effect separation tank;
(2) The material of the two-effect circulation in the three-effect system is partially gasified after absorbing the heat of the primary solvent steam in the two-effect heat exchanger to form a gas-liquid mixed material, the gas-liquid mixed material enters a two-effect separation tank for gas-liquid separation to form concentrated liquid and secondary solvent steam, and the solvent steam is conveyed to the waste heat exchanger through a top pipeline;
(3) The energy of the secondary solvent steam is absorbed by the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger and then condensed into secondary solvent liquid;
(4) The primary solvent liquid and the secondary solvent liquid are mixed and then discharged out of the triple-effect multi-membrane evaporator through the solvent discharge pump.
2. A heat pump evaporation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat pump system comprises the following steps when in work:
(1) Evaporating the low-pressure liquid working medium in the waste heat exchanger, and absorbing heat in solvent gas generated by the evaporation of the first effect, the second effect and the third effect of the three-effect system to form low-pressure working medium steam;
(2) The low-pressure working medium steam generated in the step (1) is compressed by a compressor to become high-temperature high-pressure working medium steam;
(3) Releasing energy to the material by the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam generated in the step (2) in the single-effect heat exchanger, and liquefying the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam into high-pressure working medium liquid;
(4) Throttling and depressurizing the high-pressure working medium liquid generated in the step (3) by an expansion valve to obtain a low-pressure liquid working medium;
(5) And (5) entering the step (1) to form a new cycle by the low-pressure liquid working medium generated in the step (4), and repeating the steps.
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